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The New York Times > Books > Sunday Book Review > 'Though the Heavens May Fall' and 'Bury the Chains'
By MARILYNNE ROBINSON
THOUGH THE HEAVENS MAY FALL
The Landmark Trial That Led to the End of Human Slavery.
By Steven M. Wise.
Illustrated. 282 pp. Da Capo Press. $25.
BURY THE CHAINS
Prophets and Rebels in the Fight to Free an Empire's Slaves.
By Adam Hochschild.
Illustrated. 468 pp. Houghton Mifflin Company. $26.95.
The air of England is too pure for a slave to breathe in.'' This phrase, with slight variations, recurs through long years in the rhetoric of movements to abolish first African slavery within England, then the Atlantic traffic in African people that England dominated for more than a century and then the institution of slavery in the British Empire, whose populations included hundreds of thousands of slaves. It is an axiom traditionally believed to have been invoked in 1772, in principle if not verbatim, by Lord Mansfield, the judge in Somerset v. Steuart, which Steven M. Wise in ''Though the Heavens May Fall'' calls the ''trial that led to the end of human slavery.'' Somerset was an African who accompanied Steuart, his owner, to England. He escaped, was recaptured and sued successfully for his freedom.
Both Wise and Adam Hochschild celebrate this trial and the events and personalities that brought it about. No doubt they should. It is a melancholy fact, however, that the phenomenon of African slavery loomed as it did over the Atlantic world because, from the reign of Elizabeth I to the reign of George III, England assumed that the air of its colonies, or of any other colony ready to buy, was impure enough to accommodate slavery very nicely.
Wise, the president of the Center for the Expansion of Fundamental Rights, traces with reverent care how the question of the legality of slavery developed within England, culminating in this famous trial. The hero of his narrative is Granville Sharp, a minor government clerk who educated himself in the law in the course of defending the rights of Africans brought into England as slaves. He devoted himself and his slender resources to this work over decades with the object of finally putting an end to slavery itself. The trial, which is said to have abolished slavery within England by legal precedent, was centered on the question of Steuart's right to sell Somerset into the West Indies. Lord Mansfield ruled in favor of Somerset on the grounds that slavery ''is so odious that nothing can be suffered to support it but positive law.'' There being no such law in England, ''the black must be discharged.'' This decision freed an estimated 15,000 Africans then held as slaves in England.
Wise follows Sharp and the lawyers sympathetic to him through a series of trials in which they attempt to obtain rulings to vindicate the argument that English law does not countenance slavery. He has an eye for evocative detail and an interest in the trappings and procedures of an 18th-century courtroom that do as much to engage the reader as the drama of the trials themselves. And he has a good lawyer's love of those moments in which the true poetry of humane justice finds its voice. More insight into the actual operations of the law would have been useful -- some discussion, for example, of the yawning gulf between the principle of the right to trial and the fact that in early-19th-century England, an average felony trial lasted less than nine minutes, sometimes ending so quickly that the accused did not know he had been tried. In practice, common law seems only a little too supple to be called a rope of sand. Yet Wise assumes, more or less, that by means of it England pulled itself out of the abyss of slavery and pulled America and the world after it.
In this instance, though the purport of the Mansfield judgment was taken to be that ''as soon as any slave sets foot on English ground, he becomes free,'' the emancipated black population fell into a wretchedness so extreme as to justify their expulsion to -- such paradoxes are endless -- the region of Sierra Leone that was also the center of the British slave trade and from which Africans were shipped into the West Indies. Their destitution was exploited and exacerbated by none other than Granville Sharp, who ''distributed handbills asking London's gentlemen to cease dispensing charity to poor blacks in order to nudge them toward Africa.'' This coercion was apparently not at odds with the high view of English liberty with which he had swayed public and judicial opinion. Sharp, Wise says, ''believed wild tales of how mild and fertile'' Sierra Leone was -- surely a remarkable feat of credulity, given England's long experience with the place. In any case, in 1787 several hundred former slaves sailed to Sierra Leone ''with dozens of white prostitutes whom the English authorities, anxious to rid themselves of as many undesirables as possible, black and white, had married to the settlers while the women were drunk'' -- if true, a further light on English liberty. The population of the colony promptly fell by two-thirds largely because of famine and disease.
This is not to give away the end of the story, which for Wise is in fact the triumph of law and the beginning of the abolition of human slavery. He acknowledges anomalies like this one in a late chapter but, he concludes, ''Somerset's chief legacy'' was that human slavery ''was so odious the common law would never support it.'' And he continues: ''Mansfield's proved just the opening salvo in a legal barrage that, within a century, splintered all of human slavery's bulwarks.'' That century brought the world to 1872, when colonialism was at its height and its depredations were only accelerating. Colonialism disrupted and destroyed far more African lives than did slavery. Indeed, the distinction between the two seems no more than convenient.
Yet the Atlantic slave trade was an enormity stunning in its scale and its duration. In ''Bury the Chains,'' Adam Hochschild says: ''So rapidly were slaves worked to death, above all on the brutal sugar plantations of the Caribbean, that between 1660 and 1807, ships brought well over three times as many Africans across the ocean to British colonies as they did Europeans. And, of course, it was not just to British territories that slaves were sent. From Senegal to Virginia, Sierra Leone to Charleston, the Niger delta to Cuba, Angola to Brazil, and on dozens upon dozens of crisscrossing paths taken by thousands of vessels, the Atlantic was a vast conveyor belt to early death in the fields of an immense swath of plantations that stretched from Baltimore to Rio de Janeiro and beyond.'' The subject of this interesting and valuable book is the tiny cadre of reformers that undertook to arouse public feeling against this great abuse. Hochschild says: ''For 50 years, activists in England worked to end slavery in the British Empire. None of them gained a penny by doing so, and their eventual success meant a huge loss to the imperial economy.'' Vast, entrenched and profitable as the slave trade was, how did they manage to bring it to an end?
That they did end it is assumed by Hochschild rather than proved by him. It seems a little odd in a historian to use the improbability of a movement's success as grounds for heightened admiration, rather than for heightened attention to other contributing factors. Given that the whole infernal enterprise was sustained by the immense wealth it generated, one might, without cynicism, look to the economic considerations in play. When the British outlawed the exportation of Africans to the colonies for sale in 1807, they had had almost 20 years' notice that the Americans intended to ban the importation of Africans in 1808. And it was just about this time that Napoleon, cut off by the British Navy from French colonies in the Caribbean, began looking into the domestic cultivation of the sugar beet.
And there were the rebellions in the West Indies, particularly the Haitian rebellion. The sections of the book that deal with them bring to light an astounding, and forgotten, episode in Western history. Since Haiti alone produced as much foreign trade at that time as the whole of the 13 colonies of North America, it was potentially a great loss. It belonged to France, but Britain supplied it with slaves, a valuable trade since the slaves were intentionally worked to death -- it was cheaper to replace them than to sustain them -- so the market for Africans was very brisk. Uprisings had long been frequent in the West Indies, but at long last rage in Haiti converged with the tactical brilliance of Toussaint L'Ouverture and others and the slaves seized the island. This part of the story is familiar. But there is more.
First the British and then the French under Napoleon sent huge forces against the Haitians. The British sent a larger army against Haiti than it had dispatched to fight in the American Revolution. And it buried 60 percent of those soldiers in Haiti. The two greatest powers on earth went up against a population of half-starved, desperate people and were utterly defeated. It is no surprise that these two abysmal wars of empire have fallen out of history. One cannot read about them without concluding that the Haitian Africans contributed mightily to making the Caribbean slave system untenable. All in all, in 1807 the prospects of the traffic in human beings were not good. It is perhaps coincidental that in adopting the abolitionist stance Britain was able to seize the moral high ground and attempt (together with the United States) to suppress the slave trade among its economic rivals. Certainly this posture was gallant enough to make a great part of the world forget that Britain was for so long pre-eminent among the despoilers of Africa.
Hochschild has written eloquently about the importance of this kind of historical forgetting in ''King Leopold's Ghost,'' his account of the policies of the Belgian King Leopold II in the Congo in the early 20th century, which are estimated to have taken 10 million lives. There he writes, ''The world we live in -- its divisions and conflicts, its widening gap between rich and poor, its seemingly inexplicable outbursts of violence -- is shaped far less by what we celebrate and mythologize than by the painful events we try to forget.'' How consistently and with what lethal effect we choose not to be aware.
Nevertheless, Hochschild interprets the success of the British abolitionist movement as a triumph of empathy, a humane response to horrors of which the public only gradually became conscious. His heroes are Thomas Clarkson, William Wilberforce, Granville Sharp and the former slave Olaudah Equiano, among others. These men did indeed work patiently and passionately for emancipation. Certainly it is uplifting to find empathy and law together championing justice, as they do in the narratives of both Hochschild and Wise. The intention of the writers is clearly the honorable one of finding an instance in history in which justice has prevailed and the world has been changed, and of finding as well a model of the kinds of activism by which present enormities are, or might be, addressed. Yet, again to the credit of both writers, these narratives include elements incompatible with this kind of interpretation, indeed consistent with the opposite and very bleak conclusion that movements based on empathy and law, when proceeding from exalted tributes to the essential decency of a population, can flatter indifference or complicity.
In fact, the slave trade was at home in a world where the appropriation of lives and the extortion of labor were astonishingly commonplace. Hochschild describes the virtual abductions by which slave ships were manned, and tells how these sailors were subject to flogging and starving, and died in numbers as great as did the abducted Africans they helped to transport. And the British Navy was manned in the same way. None of this was at all exceptional, as it would have to have been if there were indeed a presumption of freedom embedded in English culture, as both books assert. No consensus in support of freedom can be demonstrated. The industrialist Robert Owen, writing in 1813, years after the Mansfield decision, describes the transfer to factories of the children of British paupers by the hundreds, 6-, 7- and 8-year-olds who worked 13 hours a day through seven-year apprenticeships. These little workers died quickly and were replaced by other pauper children. They were not slaves in the strictest sense. The system did resemble Caribbean slavery, however, in that it set a negative value on their well-being.
The literature on such practices is immense because they were pervasive and long lived and of interest to many generations of activists. Indeed, if there were not economic motives behind British abolition, then the speed with which that reform came about is miraculous compared with the laggardly pace of reforms affecting the laboring classes who were the great majority of the British population. Owen asks, ''Shall the well-being of the poor, half-naked, half-famished, untaught and untrained . . . not call forth one petition, one delegate, one rational effective legislative measure?'' Just at the time of the emancipation of the British West Indies, a reform bill passed by Parliament created the ''Poor Law Bastilles,'' a system of punitive incarceration for the indigent. Hochschild describes how the Parliament paid the West Indian slaveholders extravagant sums for their emancipated slaves, who then became their oppressed and wretchedly paid employees, driven to frequent rebellion just as the slaves had been. If Britain taught the world by ending actual slavery, it gave the world a second lesson in establishing virtual slavery. As Hochschild remarks in ''King Leopold's Ghost,'' empathy is fickle.
The primacy of England in these narratives slights the fact that a consensus against slavery had been building for a generation in New England, and longer in Quaker Philadelphia. The role of England in sustaining slavery in its colonies is demonstrated in the abolition of slavery immediately after the American Revolution, in Vermont in 1777 and in Massachusetts in 1780. The institution of human bondage became truly peculiar to the South only after the Revolution, because it was legal everywhere in the colonies while they were under British law. And years after the emancipation of slaves in the empire, Britain came near intervening in the American Civil War on the side of the slave states. The arguments in Somerset v. Steuart treat the laws of the colonies as alien to England, though members of the royal family were major stockholders in the slave trade, and what is more English than the Church of England, which was a great slaveholder in Jamaica? While every good effect of an important precedent must be welcomed, the fact remains that the claim to an exclusive English purity that is the basis for the legal arguments associated with Steuart v. Somerset was and is a denial of history, a part of the great forgetting.
Marilynne Robinson teaches at the Iowa Writers' Workshop. Her most recent novel is ''Gilead.''
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#Install the ForEAchTiddler plugin and macro
Assuming that your articles are logically tagged, use one of the provided macro formulas to sort and order your Tiddlers.
!Create a list sorted with the newest article at the top.
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http://jokes4all.net/
!Heaven and Hell
Heaven:
The cooks are French,
The policemen are English,
The mechanics are German,
The lovers are Italian,
The bankers are Swiss.
In Hell:
The cooks are English,
The policemen are German,
The mechanics are French,
The lovers are Swiss,
The bankers are Italian.
!How many economists does it take to screw in a light bulb?
None. If the light bulb really needed changing, market forces would have already caused it to happen.
----
What not to say to the nice policeman:
Hey, is that a 9mm? That's nothing compared to this .44 magnum!
----
A man was wandering around in a field, thinking about how good his wife had been to him and how fortunate he was to have her.
He asked God, "Why did you make her so kind-hearted?"
The Lord responded, "So you could love her, my son."
"Why did you make her so good-looking?"
"So you could love her, my son."
"Why did you make her such a good cook?"
"So you could love her, my son."
The man thought about this. Then he said, "I don't mean to seem ungrateful or anything, but ... why did you make her so stupid?"
"So she could love you, my son."
----
A man goes into a pet shop to buy a parrot. The shop owner points to three identical looking parrots on a perch and says, "the parrot on the left costs 500 dollars". "Why does the parrot cost so much," asks the man. The shop owner says, "well, the parrot knows how to use a computer".
The man then asks about the next parrot to be told that this one costs 1,000 dollars because it can do everything the other parrot can do plus it knows how to use the UNIX operating system.
Naturally, the increasingly startled man asks about the third parrot to be told that it costs 2,000 dollars. Needless to say this begs the question, "What can it do?" To which the shop owner replies, "to be honest I have never seen it do a thing, but the other two call him boss!"
----
A string walks into a bar with a few friends and orders a beer. The bartender says, "I'm sorry, but we don't serve strings here."
The string walks away a little upset and sits down with his friends. A few minutes later he goes back to the bar and orders a beer. The bartender, looking a little exasperated, says, "I'm sorry, we don't serve strings here."
So the string goes back to his table. Then he gets an idea. He ties himself in a loop and messes up the top of his hair. Then he walks back up to the bar and orders a beer.
The bartender squints at him and says, "Hey, aren't you a string?"
And the string says, "Nope, I'm a frayed knot."
----
!Modern Marriage
A couple had been married for many years, and their son had gotten old enough to date. One day the boy brought a girl over to diner. The mother was thrilled with her son's choice and couldn't wait for the wedding. However, the father was upset and, eventually, the boy asked, "Dad, why don't you seem happy with her. Mom likes her a lot."
The father explained, "No son, there's nothing wrong with the girl. It's just that I cheated on your mother a long time ago, and the girl you've been dating is my daughter by that woman."
So the boy dumped her and found himself another girl. Again, he brought her home to the mother's delight, but the father again told him this girl was actually his half-sister. The boy lost his temper and told his mother what his father had said.
Furious, the mother shouted, "Don't listen to him, sweetheart! He isn't even your father!"
----
How does the man on the moon get his hair cut?
Eclipse it!
Source: [[Keith's Home Page - News, entertainment, salsa, politics and shopping|file:///F:/JSAS/http_root/www/wikis/princewiki213/homepage.html]]
String Theory
A string walks into a bar with a few friends and orders a beer. The bartender says, "I'm sorry, but we don't serve strings here."
The string walks away a little upset and sits down with his friends. A few minutes later he goes back to the bar and orders a beer. The bartender, looking a little exasperated, says, "I'm sorry, we don't serve strings here."
So the string goes back to his table. Then he gets an idea. He ties himself in a loop and messes up the top of his hair. Then he walks back up to the bar and orders a beer.
The bartender squints at him and says, "Hey, aren't you a string?"
And the string says, "Nope, I'm a frayed knot."
----
What’s black and white and red all over?
A newspaper.
What illness do retired pilots get?
Flu.
What does the garden say when it laughs?
Hoe, hoe, hoe.
----
''A selection of interesting articles.''
<<list tagged news_article>>
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!Publish and upload
[[Web sites and web design|file:///F:/JSAS/http_root/www/wikis/princewiki213/miscellany.html]]
[[WWW|file:///F:/JSAS/http_root/www/wikis/princewiki213/worldwideweb.html]]
!Private Use
[[MonkeyGDT - My Planner|file:///F:/JSAS/http_root/www/wikis/princewiki213/1keithsmonkeygtd.html]]
[[My notebook- dump file waiting to be sorted|file:///F:/JSAS/http_root/www/wikis/princewiki213/1keithsnotes.html]]
[[Project files folder|file:///E:/0%20Project%20maps/1inuse/]]
!Test site
[[Test site|file:///F:/JSAS/http_root/www/wikis/testmonkeypiratemptwtheme.html]]
!Handy scripts
[[Search engines|file:///F:/JSAS/http_root/www/wikis/multibrowsers.html]]
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MptwViewTemplate - rearranged DIVs and added the Tagger script
!What and when
!Results
100 years war - forged National identities of France and England
A world of high born and low born (most people)
Order of the Garter - chivalry. Elite 26
Red cross of St George - England
French obsession w Chivalry
Series of weak French kings but could trace lineage back to Charlemagne.
!Stage 1
Edward iii (50 years as King) v. Philip of France (cousins)
English aristocracy as at home in France as England as the official language of diplomacy was French. French connection going back to Norman conquest. Now lands in Aquitaine.
''1346''
750 ships with 15000 men landed in Normandy w Black Prince and Earl of Warwick. Killed 5000 Caen citizens.
Scorched earth warfare
Use of longbow by trained English
''1346 Crecy'' - 10000 dead French nobles
''1347 Siege of Calais'' - 6 burghers of Calais.
John ii of France - Knights of the order.Died in England.
''1348 Black Death'' - no respect for social order.
!Stage 2
''Oct 1355 Black Prince'' scorched earth invasion w 5000 men. Economic warfare. French king powerless. Burned Carcasonne.
''1356'' new campaign w 10000 men v 20000 French
''Battle of Poitiers'': French king captured - Gascony - England for ransom. Destroyed French nobility.
''Treaty of Bretigny'': 3rd of France English.
!Stage 3 1360-1415
Freebooter English soldiers ravaged France
Charles V renounces Bretigny treaty
''1370 new French fighting force'' renouncing chivalry - learned fr the English tactics
''1377 new Fr fleet'' raided South coast - unprotected - resentment
----
Edward died - no heir as Black Prince dead
Richard ii only 10 so ''John of Gaunt'' regent - hated by population
----
Plague, mismanagement, new Poll Tax (Simon Sudbury)
''1381 Peasants Revolt'' -Wat Tyler and John Ball - abolish serfdom and tax
Head of Sudbury in Sudbury church
----
''1389 King Richard II'' 22 years old - now in charge by Divine Right. White Heart symbol - Treasure Roll - taxes used to accumulate massive wealth
Truce with Charles vi (mad king for 38 years). Peace unpopular!
----
English now official language - Canterbury Tales
1384 Bible translated into English
English perpendicular gothic English style churches
----
''1397 Henry Bolingbroke'' promotes war
1398 Gaunt dies and lands expropriated - (Shakespeare's Richard II)
1399 Bolingbroke invades - tricked by Northumberland and captured.
Bolingbroke now Henry iv - Richard starved to death in prison
1413 dies.
!!1413 Henry V - popular war king but son of a usurper
''War with France'' - a National War - Saint George of England
''Harfleur'' - great losses - 160 mile chevauchee
''1415 Agincourt'' - biggest French army ever - but English army fronted by peasant archers annihilated French nobility.
----
''French civil war'' - Orleons for the king v Duke of Burgundy John the Fearless - controlled Flanders = alliance w English
!Stage 4 1415-1453
Contracts for soldiers still exist
Fall of Caen - tomb of William 1
''1418 siege of Rouen'' - 5 miles of wall and 60 towers - threw out the poorest 15000 - first use of canon - defeated
1419 nr Paris so Burgundy allied w Orleonists but was assassinated by them. Revenged by his son Philip - alliance w Henry.
''Treaty of Troyes'' - Henry to be crowned King of France on mad kings death (never happened). Married Kings daughter.
1420 Henry entered Paris - 15 years of occupation and more fighting v Orleanists
Monte saint Michel held out - never taken.
1422 Henry d of dissentry aged 35
!!Henry VI - a child. John Duke of Bedford (brother) regent of France.
''1429 siege of Orleans'' - 17 year old ''Joan of Arc'' led Duaphins men.
Joan heard call of St Michael and God. Used by Dauphin as Virgin Maid of Orleans - victory. ''English army had not been defeated for 80 years.''
Charles vii annointed in Reims
Henry vi crowned age 9
Joan captured and sold. Trial as a witch by English but French church. Aim to discredit K of France.
1431 Henry vi crowned King of France - but not in Reims
1435 Bedford died
1436 Fr alliance w Burgundy retook Paris
1444 Henry vi preferred peace. Married Margarite of Anjou
----
''French army reformed''. New guns and canons
1449 30000 troops in Normandy
1450 English territorities taken.
''1451 John Talbot last stand at Castillons''
Beginning of Island England. No Britain.
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Anne Beitel - office at 01962 829705
1. Dark chocolate—the darling of the superfoods—has been found to reduce the risk of a number of stress-related diseases: lower heart disease risk, a measurable drop in melanoma skin cancer rates, a lower diabetes risk, and better cognition in older people.
2. Coffee is packed with antioxidants that make it one of the healthiest beverages on earth. In addition to being beneficial for athletic performance and brain function due to the caffeine, coffee decreases disease risk, including cancer (lung, prostate, breast, endometrial, pancreatic, stomach, and colon), heart disease, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome.
3. Tart Cherry Juice has been found to significantly enhance sleep quality by raising the hormone melatonin, and it accelerates recovery from exercise due to its high antioxidant content. It’s especially good for folks who can’t sleep due to mental stress because it reduces the buildup of inflammatory factors like IL-6, which can spiral out of control when you experience a lot of anxiety.
4. Coconut oil has taken the underground nutrition world by storm because it is anti-inflammatory and can moderate blood sugar. It’s a useful fat to cook with, being not easily oxidized at high temperatures.
Avoid drinking it in very large quantities daily since, like all fats, it is energy dense and contains a rather whopping dose of saturated fat, which is safe in reasonable amounts, but should not be over consumed.
5. Red wine is famous for containing the antioxidant resveratrol that has been shown to reduce muscle soreness after exercise, lower cancer risk, and promote insulin sensitivity. Along with red grapes and grapeseed extract, high-quality red wine has the ability to fight stress when consumed in small quantities and it also improves estrogen metabolism.
6. Beef liver is nutrient dense, but low in calories and fat. It provides an array of protective nutrients in a source that the body can easily absorb, including phosphorous, potassium, vitamin A, zinc, copper, iron, folate, and choline.
7. Organic bison, or buffalo, is high in anti-inflammatory compounds including omega-3 fats, and the amino acids, carnitine, glutamine, glycine and glutathione. It’s also got the potent cancer fighting antioxidant CLA, and provides conditionally essential amino acids that are protective in times of stress.
8. Brazil nuts are high in selenium, zinc, and the vitamins B and E—a combination of antioxidants that enable enzymes needed for glutathione, the immune regulator. Brazil nuts may also enhance androgen hormone production.
9. Bananas are a nutrient-rich food that have the ability to raise the sleep hormone melatonin as well as significantly improve blood antioxidant levels. Plus, they contain prebiotics, which are compounds on which the beneficial bacteria in your gut thrive, making them an excellent regular anti-stress food.
Why exactly bananas have gotten a bad rap is unclear—maybe it’s the 5.7 or whatever percent fructose, the 105 calories, the starch, or just the carbs, but it’s all nonsense and there is no reason to banish bananas.
10. Almonds are high in phytonutrients, vitamin D, protein, fiber, and beneficial fats. Even though they are abundant in calories, fascinating research shows that when people supplement with almonds in addition to their normal diets they don’t gain fat, which is likely due to something called uncoupling proteins. Uncoupling proteins raise body temperature as they are metabolized, leading to greater energy expenditure.
11. The antioxidants in balsamic vinegar improve nutrient partitioning so that carbohydrates get stored in muscle as glycogen instead of as fat. Vinegar also moderates blood sugar and improves pancreatic function, making it a valuable addition to any higher carb foods.
12. Cold water fish—salmon, mackerel, smelt, chad, perch, sardines, and anchovies—provide an array of amino acids to reduce the breakdown of lean muscle tissue that occurs with high cortisol levels. They also provide those wonderful anti-stress fish oils, DHA and EPA. In fact, supplementing the diet with fish oil has been found to reduce cortisol levels and improve body composition.
13. Whey protein raises glutathione, which is the internally produced antioxidant that helps improve the entire anti-inflammatory cascade. Whey is the superior protein source for elevating protein synthesis and tissue repair after exercise.
14. Fenugreek is a spice that deserves special attention because it’s filled with protective compounds, is anti-diabetic, and improves energy use in the body. It acts at the insulin receptor level to help remove sugar from the blood, making it a useful addition to any foods high in carbs, or to aid in the loading of nutrients like creatine or carnitine into muscle.
15. No surprise that blueberries and related dark-colored fruits like raspberries and blackberries are on this list.
What you may not know is that they are one of the most useful foods for building muscle and strength because they accelerate recovery. They help remove the waste products or “garbage” produced by intense training. Eat them alone or add them to high-glycemic carbs for better insulin sensitivity.
16. Lentils of all colors contain the highest phytonutrient levels of all legumes making them protective of many stress-related diseases including heart disease, high blood pressure, and inflammation.
17. Yerba Mate and Green Tea come from different plants, but they both contain extremely high levels of catechin antioxidants that promote fat loss. The catechins inhibit lipase, decreasing fat absorption, and can suppress food intake.
They also enhance energy expenditure via greater thermogenesis, improve liver function, promote the use of fat for fuel rather than carbs, and lead to the death of fat cells (apoptosis).
18. Asparagus is nutritionally rich, containing folate, vitamins A, C, E, and K, and chromium, which is often low in the modern diet and will reduce sugar cravings and stress eating. It’s also high in glutathione, that super antioxidant that is at the core of the immune system.
19. Rainbow Chard contains some of the most exotic antioxidants, which are linked to cancer prevention, an increased immune response, and better wound healing. Eating it regularly will improve blood sugar and it’s known in Turkey as an anti-diabetic.
20. Seaweed—nori and kumbu are particularly high in antioxidants—is a major condiment in Asia that is protective against aging, stress, and disease. It’s also a rich source of amino acids, with red seaweeds containing 47 percent protein, which is noteworthy for plant foods.
21. Walnuts may be the healthiest nut because they are eaten raw with the skin on and have a superior fat profile. Their numerous antioxidant compounds play out well in association studies that show people who eat nuts regularly have better body composition, overall health, and longer lives.
22. Kombucha tea is a fermented beverage made from green or black tea and it’s often brewed with fruits like pomegranate, ginger, or blueberry. The combination of anti-stress compounds from the tea leaves, the phytoplant-rich fruits, and the fact that it contains probiotics makes it a much sought after beverage to promote wellness and optimal body composition.
23. Kim Chi is a probiotic food that improves gut health, and insulin sensitivity. It’s made from some of the most protective anti-stress ingredients available: The main ingredient is cabbage, which improves detoxification, and it’s seasoned with hot pepper, garlic, onion, and ginger, which together make up a group of powerful antioxidants.
24. Avocado is called an “anti-obesity” food by scientists because it’s jam-packed with nutrients and antioxidants that can produce a lower body weight and waist circumference, as was seen in an analysis of the diets of 17,567 Americans.
25. Ginger is sweet, spicy, and abundant in anti-inflammatory effects that are therapeutic for the stomach, the joints, and supportive of the body’s internal antioxidant cascade. It’s very versatile—sauté with slices of this root, blend it in a protein shake, drink it in tea, or flavor dishes with the ground spice.
26. Eggs are a perfect protein, highly affordable, and packed with the antioxidants selenium, lutein, and zeaxanthin. Eating 3 eggs a day as part of lower carb diet has been shown to produce fat loss, decrease insulin, and shift the body into an anti-inflammatory state.
27. Red palm oil contains some of the most powerful antioxidant compounds such as chlorogenic acids and catechins, as well as fat soluble vitamins, all of which have been found to significantly reduce oxidative stress.
28. Turmeric is a spice that contains the active compound curcumin, which is one of the most researched natural therapeutics due to its ability to improve enzyme activity involved in energy use, ability to speed the clearance of waste products from alcohol use, intense exercise, and other toxic compounds like BPA.
29. The pomegranate is impressively high in rare antioxidants, ellagic and tannic acids, which have multiple fat loss effects, inhibiting fat absorption and suppressing energy intake. The pomegranate has also been shown to improve cardiovascular health by reducing inflammation, making it a superior anti-stress food.
30. Black pepper raises the metabolism by stimulating central nervous system and hormone activity. It’s rife with powerful compounds that reduce inflammation, aid digestion, and it’s proven well in preventing the growth of tumors.
31. Cinnamon is a wonder spice that improves the removal of sugar from the blood, while reducing oxidative stress from inflammatory foods that are high in fat in carbs. It’s also been found to boost brain function and cognition due to better glucose use.
32. Broccoli is a well-known, cheap superfood that reduces oxidative stress, aids in estrogen metabolism, and protects against the big diseases like cardiovascular, cancer, diabetes, and aging.
33. Stevia is a non-caloric sweetener that comes form the stevia plant and its phytochemicals improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. It also reduces oxidative stress in the liver and kidneys. It’s a beneficial addition to whey protein, carbs, or fatty foods because it reduces inflammation caused by lipid peroxidation.
34. Onion and scallions are nutrient powerhouses that also act as prebiotics for anti-inflammatory gut bacteria to gnaw on.
35. Beets, like dark colored berries, are composed of the most exotic and effective antioxidants for stress reduction. Beets improve blood flow by improving nitric oxide in the body for improved exercise performance. Eat them raw, baked, or blended in a workout shake.
36. Shiitake mushrooms, long used in Asia for superior flavor and nutrition, and other wild mushrooms, improve immune function and have been found beneficial for preventing cancer.
37. Quinoa has anti-inflammatory properties from quercetin and kaempferol and is composed of an exceptional balance between oil, protein, and fat, making it beneficial for brain function and cell membrane health.
It’s technically a seed, gluten free, and contains a nice dose of carbs and is highly nutritious, if energy dense. Great for a post-workout meal or when carb cycling, eat quinoa with fruits, vegetables, or spices that enhance glucose uptake.
38. Sweet potatoes and yams are a higher sugar plant that are packed with antioxidants, fiber, and vitamins, making them a delicious go-to carb source post-workout or when you just need something sweet.
39. Plums are a more economical superfood than blueberries but they have equal amounts of protective antioxidants. Of interest, plums, in particular, dried plums have a unique ability to improve glutathione and enhance bone metabolism—women who eat them regularly have greater bone density and less risk of osteoporosis.
40. Spinach and tomatoes have complementary antioxidants called carotenoids that work synergistically to give the body extra disease protection. Other superfood combinations are nuts and Greek yogurt, garlic and fish, lamb and rosemary, and lemon and kale.
http://www.guardian.co.uk/gender/story/0,,1795453,00.html#article_continue. Monday June 12, 2006
Caroline Norton fought a brutal husband and a male-only political system to change the divorce laws. As high-profile cases put women's rights in marriage under the spotlight, Natasha Walter looks at the life of a forgotten heroine
You can hardly open a newspaper these days without finding female commentators saying that the law has become too nice to women by allowing them an equal share of their husbands' wealth after divorce. But 150 years ago, women had no rights at all in the long and convoluted process. Nobody knew that better than a heroic woman called Caroline Norton. She had been ruined by her husband but decided to fight back - and in doing so changed the situation of all women. And they are still reaping the rewards today.
When the first secular law on divorce was discussed in parliament in 1856, no women's voices could be heard directly - there were neither women MPs nor lawyers in those days. But an 80-year-old Tory peer, Lord Lyndhurst, pushed decisively for reform by reading out chunks of Caroline Norton's writing on the subject. Her arguments - including the point that even before divorce women deserved a separate legal existence from their husbands - were incorporated into the final Divorce and Matrimonial Causes Act in 1857.
Caroline Norton was an unlikely radical - a fashionable, sociable, upper-class woman who loved parties and flirting. Indeed, if she hadn't experienced such terrible injustice in her own life, she would never have become a campaigner. She came from a grand but impoverished family - her grandfather was Richard Brinsley Sheridan, the playwright - and jumped into marriage with the first eligible man who sought her out because at 19 she was under pressure from her family to get married before her younger sister.
The marriage to George Norton, who was Tory MP for Guildford, was a violent disaster. On one occasion when Caroline was slow in coming to bed, her husband "suddenly sprang from the bed, seized me by the nape of my neck, and dashed me down on the floor. The sound of my fall awakened my sister and brother-in-law, who slept in a room below, and they ran up to my door ... My brother-in-law burst the door open, and carried me downstairs. I had a swelling on my head for days afterwards."
He continued to beat her for years and then early one morning in 1836, after a particularly vicious quarrel, Caroline returned to the family home to find that her three little boys - Fletcher, Brinsley and William - were gone. She tracked them down to the house of a friend of her husband's: "When I did find them, he refused to let me even see them, and called in the police! I could hear their little feet running merrily over my head while I sat sobbing below - only the ceiling between us, and I not able to get at them! My merry little Briney! & poor Spencer who had been so ill ... I came away without even being able to kiss them & say goodbye - if they keep my boys from me I shall go mad." George Norton did keep her children from her and pursued her for divorce, accusing her of adultery. Caroline had long been intimate with Lord Melbourne, the then prime minister. For years he had visited her three times a week, choosing afternoons when her husband would not be there. Some sections of the press had a field day. "Though it forever my renown may blot, I'll still stand up dear Caroline for thee, For Oh! How oft (the marriage vows forgot) Hast thou consented to lie down for me," read one verse signed "Melbourne", which was published in the Satirist in 1835.
Nobody knows for sure if they had an affair. In her letters to him, which have survived and are marvellously readable, she says very clearly that they did not have sex, but that they did love each other: "In the sight of Heaven my crime is the same as if I had been your mistress these five years," she wrote to him. After their public shaming, she quotes to him his words to her from the early days of their relationship, "I have been in despair today at not seeing you," and tells him, "Then I came more to please you than to please myself, now it breaks my whole life not seeing you."
Whatever the reality of their relationship, the case George Norton brought against Lord Melbourne for "criminal conversation", or adultery, with Caroline, was the great scandal of the day. He brought servants to testify that they had seen Caroline's hair tumbled and clothes disarranged after Melbourne's visits.
After the court case Caroline was irrevocably compromised: her husband had lost the case but she hadn't won it - it had been fought between the two men, and she had not had a chance to speak up in court. What is more, she was in legal limbo. She couldn't get a divorce, but as a married woman had no right to her own earnings - her income came from writing poetry, novels and songs - or to see her children. Once she was called suddenly to see her youngest son because he was sick - and when she got there he was dead.
Caroline was one of the first women to make the personal political. Her first struggle was to get access rights for mothers. Caroline had already made her name as a writer but now she learned how to turn a political and legal argument in a way that would make people listen. She published pamphlets in defence of "the natural claim of a mother to the custody of her children", and used all her charm and influence to persuade influential men to draw up the first child custody law. An MP called Sir Thomas Talfourd pushed through the Infant Custody Bill in 1839, but nobody had any doubt, as Caroline's most recent biographer, Alan Chedzoy, put it, "that the triumph was really Caroline's." It was the first piece of women's rights legislation ever brought before the House of Commons. And by the time the divorce bill was being debated in 1856, Caroline was a seasoned campaigner.
Until 1857, divorce was such a convoluted and expensive process that only very powerful men could manage it. Married women simply had no legal rights; even if they were separated from their husbands they did not have the right to make contracts, to sue, or even to keep their own earnings. Throughout the more than 20 years Caroline had been living separated from her husband: "I exist and I suffer, but the law denies my existence." She ends her pamphlet on the subject, A Letter to the Queen, with a wit that makes you smile grimly even today. "My husband has a legal copyright of my works. Let him claim this!"
When the 1857 act, which brought divorce within secular courts for the first time, was passed, it put right some of these wrongs - including the right of separated women to keep their earnings. Yet Caroline never got a divorce; she lived alone but as George Norton's wife until his death in 1875. She then married William Stirling-Maxwell, a sweet and gentle friend of hers who was very different from George, but their happiness ended after only three months when Caroline died, aged 69, in 1877.
Given her political successes, it's surprising that Caroline Norton isn't better known, especially among all those women who have benefited from her victories. But she was always anomalous, even in her own time. Other campaigners for women's rights in the mid-19th century were building up a lasting network of hard-working women who would get signatures on petitions and run meetings, and who were making the vital links between all the different aspects of women's oppression, from property law, to education and even suffrage. Norton, meanwhile, was too much of an individualist, both too socially grand and too socially compromised, to be part of their circles. She could be presented to Queen Victoria and have dinner with Tennyson even after her disgrace, but she had to face down respectable wives who cut her dead because they thought she was a fallen woman. Although she had close female friends among women who were too posh or too clever to care what others thought, such as the Duchess of Sutherland or Mary Shelley, most of her alliances were with influential men. What is more, Caroline never argued the doctrine of equal rights, but always said that she believed in men's superiority - a position that helped her to win over the powerful men she needed, but has put feminists off her legacy.
But even if she is easy to criticise, she stuck to her guns where other women would not. "Well, I know how many hundreds infinitely better than I, more pious, more patient, and less rash under injury, have watered their bread with tears," she wrote. "My plea to attention is that, in pleading for myself I am able to plead for all these others. For this, I believe, God gave me the power of writing. To this I devote that power. I abjure all other writing, till I see these laws altered." And she saw the laws altered - even though she hardly benefited from her successes. As women flock to the courts to get more equal settlements, they should light a candle to the memory of the woman who first fought for the rights of divorced women.
Read and quote from the texts to support your answers and opinions.
In pairs discuss and write down 1 paragraph answers to the following questions. Make sure your written answer is good enough to be read out loud.
How would things be different if abortion were illegal, as in the past?
When is a baby a baby? How can we decide? On what facts?
Isn't a foetus in the first few weeks similar to frogspawn?
What are the justifications for abortion?
What are the arguments against?
Is the "limit of viability" still viable in the light of modern science?
Why has the rate of abortions risen? Are the reasons justifiable?
Who should decide to have an abortion, the man or the woman?
After considering the evidence and differing points of view, what are your own opinions?
Should this be a political issue?
Debate Assignment
You are an MP who has been called to a Constituency Meeting to explain and justify your stand on the Abortion Issue. Your constituency is of mixed ethnic and religious origin - Atheists, Catholics, Muslims and Hindus. Prepare your speech.
Cormac Murphy-O'Connor, leader of six million Catholics, says it ought to be an election issue. Tony Blair disagrees. So should it be?
16 March 2005
Abortion: The facts <http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/politics/story.jsp?story=620582>
The history
The Ancient Greeks and Romans allowed abortions. The early philosophers argued that a foetus did not become formed and begin to live until at least 40 days after conception for a male, and around 80 days for a female.
From the 16th century, the Christian doctrine of passive conception held that the foetus was only given a soul in the fifth month. Then, in 1869, Pope Pius X changed the timing of "ensoulment" to conception.
In 1803, the Ellenborough Act made abortion in Britain after the 16- to 20-week period in which life is first felt, an offence that carried the death penalty, though it later became life imprisonment. In 1938, Dr Alex Bourne was acquitted of performing an illegal abortion after claiming that it was to save a raped girl mental harm, setting a case-law precedent. Women wanting to terminate had illegal, backstreet abortions performed by unqualified abortionists. Women were often injured in the process and some died. At least 50 were killed each year from botched surgery and infection.
The 1967 Act
The private member's Bill introduced by the Liberal MP David Steel ended the scourge of backstreet terminations. Abortion was legalised if two doctors certified that continuing with the pregnancy would involve a risk greater than if it was terminated to the physical or mental health of the woman - or where there was a substantial risk of serious abnormality in the child. In 1969, the first complete year after the Act, there were 54,819 registered abortions. Doctors found abortion in the first few weeks was actually safer than continuing with the pregnancy. They began to interpret the law more liberally, taking increasing account of the mental health of the woman.
After 1967: the science
An upper time limit of 28 weeks for abortions was introduced under the 1967 Act. That was derived from the Infant Life Preservation Act of 1929 which had set it as the limit of viability - the age at which a foetus could survive.
Medical advances have seen the limit of viability fall. Today, neonatal units are equipped to save babies of 24 weeks gestation and below. Survival after birth has continued to improve since 1990.
In Britain, 1 per cent of babies born at 22 weeks survive and 11 per cent at 23 weeks. About a quarter survive at 24 weeks. Two-thirds of babies born at 23 weeks and more than a third born at 24 weeks suffer long-term disability.
After 1967: the politics
From the start, the Abortion Act came under sustained attack from opponents who sought to reduce the time limit and repeal the law. In 1990, the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act introduced controls over techniques developed to help infertile couples and to monitor experiments on embryos. The abortion law was reviewed in the light of the new Act and the time limit for abortions was reduced from 28 to 24 weeks in 1991.
The key numbers
There were 181,600 legal abortions in England and Wales in 2003, a rise of 5,700 (3.2 per cent) on the year before.
The abortion rate for women resident in England and Wales in 2003 was 17.5 per 1,000 women aged 15 to 44. The abortion rate was highest, 31.3 per 1,000, among women aged 20 to 24.
The rise in the abortion rate in modern Britain is attributed to issues ranging from women wanting fewer children and wanting them later in life, to the decreasing popularity of marriage and the rise of "career women" who fear that children will hinder their job prospects.
The percentage of abortions performed at 20 weeks or later has remained at between 1 per cent and 1.6 per cent for years. Teenagers are more likely to have late abortions, usually because they do not realise they are pregnant.
Why cut the time limit?
The debate about the 24-week limit began with claims that the foetus showed evidence of consciousness and could feel pain from an early stage in the womb. The survival of babies at 22 and 23 weeks also showed that the limits of viability had fallen.
The foetus is sensitive to touch from about seven weeks and soon afterwards can move its limbs. But its movements are spinal reflexes and do not indicate awareness. After 26 weeks, actions become more defined, reflecting improved organisation in the nervous system. The structures necessary for pain to be felt are in place but there remains disagreement over when pain can first be experienced.
Many doctors and nurses feel uncomfortable performing late abortions and most over 18 weeks are contracted out by the NHS to the private sector.
Many doctors, MPs, medical ethicists and members of the public support a reduction in the time limit from 24 weeks to 22 or 20 weeks.
Why leave the limit?
Medical organisations say the law is humane, practical and working well. Pro-choice groups warn that any reduction in the time limit would be likely to affect the most vulnerable women - teenagers whose relationships have broken up and women waiting for the results of tests. Screening tests for foetal abnormalities in pregnancy identify women at high risk but they must be followed by diagnostic tests. Women may also have to wait until 20 weeks or more to get confirmatory test results of foetal abnormalities. After receiving the results they need time to consider their options.
Groups such as the British Pregnancy Advisory Service, the Family Planning Association and Antenatal Results and Choices say reducing the time limit will narrow the options for these women and lead to the birth of more unwanted babies.
The political football
Michael Howard made abortion an election issue by declaring last weekend that the upper limit for legal termination should be reduced from 24 weeks to 20 weeks.
Tony Blair, whose wife is a Roman Catholic, said abortion was a "difficult issue" but said he would not change the law.
Charles Kennedy said he had voted for the upper time limit to be reduced from 24 weeks to 22 but added that advances in medicine meant that "I don't know what I would do now".
Cardinal Cormac Murphy- O'Connor, the leader of the Roman Catholic Church in England and Wales, hinted that all Catholics should vote Tory but the Prime Minister has said he believes it is a matter for a free vote and conscience on both sides of the House.
So will this week's controversy take centre stage as the parties contest the election?
!Search for a room
http://www.moneysavingexpert.com/deals/hotel-sales
http://www.laterooms.com/
http://www.travelstay.com/
http://www.yha.org.uk
http://www.travel-library.com
http://www.priceline.co.uk
!Cottages
http://www.cottages.co.uk/
http://www.cottages4you.co.uk/
http://www.countrycottagesonline.net/
!!North East and Northumbria
http://www.northeastcoastalcottages.co.uk/
http://www.visitnortheastengland.com
!Business Hotels
http://www.etaphotel.com/gb/home/index.shtml
http://www.premierinn.com/
http://www.travelodge.co.uk/
http://www.accorhotels.com - Ibis
http://www.holidayinn.co.uk/
http://www.novotel.com/gb/
[[London]]
http://pointfinder.org/
http://www.yinyanghouse.com/basics/introduction_to_acupuncture
[[Acupuncture points|http://www.yinyanghouse.com/acupuncturepoints/locations_theory_and_clinical_applications]]
http://compwellness.org/eGuide/acupre.htm
http://www.qi-journal.com/acumodel.asp?-Token.AcuPhoto=Acu3&-token.view=front
http://www.herbalshop.com/Acupressure/Acupressure_20.html
----
!Acupuncture pen
Acupuncture Pen emits a low-intensity electric current (micro current) to stimulate the acupuncture points, which makes this method especially simple, clean, painless, gentle and ideal for people sensitive to acupuncture needling. The duration as well as the intensity of stimulation of a given acupuncture point is individually adjustable. The simulation time is either individually selected or preset to15 seconds or 30 seconds. When the intensity slide switch is at highest (+) position, the tip voltage is 250Vp-p +15%; when the intensity slide switch is at lowest (-) position, the tip voltage is 55Vp-p +15%. And when the Acupuncture Pen is used for acupoint detection, its working electric current is 5-10MA; and when it is used for micro current stimulation, its working electric current is 25-50MA.
!Finding the correct point
http://www.tcmstudent.com/study_tools/Cun%20Measurements.html
!Achilles tendinopathy
http://www.archives-pmr.org/article/S0003-9993%2812%2900069-X/fulltext
810-nm, 100-mW 3J per point and 18J per session
"To conclude that LLLT is ineffective in the clinical setting and fails to produce statistically significant effects may be true but may also be premature given its measureable effects shown at the cellular level from laboratory studies."
http://www.bikeradar.com/fitness/article/how-to-get-your-seat-height-right-14608/#null
Type the text for 'Adjust the brakes'
!Adjusting the Rear Derailleur
#High cog at the front and small cog at the back
#Loosen the cable
#Check the adjuster screws at bottom and top positions so the chain does not fall off either end
#Connect the cable and tighten the adjuster screw fully clockwise
#Use the adjuster cable to make smooth gear changes up and down.
http://youtu.be/Rr2LTP5Yikg
http://youtu.be/D0Xt_QCHD1U
*Adjust the Barrel adjuster - http://www.fezzari.com/support/rb_d
By turning the Barrel Adjuster COUNTER-CLOCKWISE, it tightens the cable.
http://www.fezzari.com/videos/watch/Support
!Front Derailleur
https://www.cyclist.co.uk/tutorials/520/how-to-adjust-your-front-derailleur
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//Look closely at the content, theme, mood, language and characters in the poem.//
!!Paragraph 1 - Introduction.
Say that you will be analysing the poem. Briefly tell the story of this narrative poems. E.g. In the poem ‘Cousin Kate’, Rossetti describes a cottage maiden who...
!!Paragraph 2 - ‘Cousin Kate’
!!Paragraph 3 - When, why and how?
Say when and by whom the poem was written. Mention the setting. Explain the themes of the poem. E.g. The main themes within ‘Cousin Kate’ are love and relationships... Look at the different types of love - the cottage maiden’s, Cousin Kate’s and the Lord’s. How is their love described? What is the nature of the relationship? Use quotations and explain any images or imagery. Other ideas that the poems explore are marriage, motherhood, abuse of power/ wealth (poverty), betrayal and female roles. Are there any messages in these poems?
!!Paragraph 4 - Images and Feelings
Discuss the feelings of the cottage maiden. Say that ‘Cousin Kate’ is written in the first person - from the point of view of the cottage maiden. Therefore, it allows her to express a number of feelings. What is the mood of this poem? (Refer to your notes and quotations). Show how feelings are shown by the use of images. E.g The cottage maiden says that she, ‘might have been a dove’ if she had not fallen for the advances of the lord. She uses the image of the dove in order to allude to her innocence.
!!Paragraph 5 - Imagery and Mood
Comment on the use of similes in ‘Cousin Kate’ and say how they create mood. E.g. In ‘Cousin Kate’ the simile: ‘He wore me like a silken knot’ links the treatment of the cottage maiden with the treatment of discarded clothing. It shows that she can be ‘put on’ and ‘taken off’ just like a piece of clothing.
!!Paragraph 6 - The lord
Say that the poem has a description of the male character. What do we know about him? How is he presented? Use examples and quotations to support your opinions. How does he treat the cottage maiden? E.g. The Lord has power over the woman. In particular, he uses his wealth and charm to seduce the cottage maiden. How does the poet make us dislike the Lord? (Hint - descriptions and actions)
!Paragraph 7 - The Cottage Maiden
Say that the poem has a female as the central character. What do we know about her? How is she presented? Use examples and quotations to support your opinions. How does she react to the treatment she receives from the lord? (Hint - she has a number of differing reactions.) How do others treat her? Briefly consider the fate of single parents in the ‘olden days’. Is the cottage maiden a strong or a weak character? (Hint - look at the language she uses.) Do you sympathise with her? Why? Do you respect her? Why? Briefly give your own response to the poem.
!!Paragraph 8 - Conclusion
The conclusion should be a summary of what you have shown in the essay. As a guide, use a couple of sentences to summarise each of the paragraphs in the main body of your essay. E.g. In conclusion, we can see that the poem...
This Cousin Kate resource sheet by Chantel Mathias was found free at www.englishresources.co.uk
!Dialogue
nín máng ma
Are you busy?
----
wǒ hěn máng. Nín ne
I'm very busy. How about you?
----
wǒ bù máng
I'm not busy.
----
Lǐ xiān shēng ne?
How about Mr. Li?
----
Nín tài tai máng bù máng
Is your wife busy?
----
Tā yě bù máng. Wǒ men dōu bù tài máng
She's not busy. Neither of us are very busy.
!Vocabulary
Nín ne
How about you?
----
Bù tài máng
Not too busy
----
tā máng wǒ yě máng
He's busy, and I'm busy too.
----
yě
too; also; either
----
dōu
all; both
----
[[Meniscal tears]]
----
[[Supplements and dosage|http://mediawiki.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/index.php?title=Treatments_for_Arthritis#Cheapest_Joint_Supplements]]
[[Baldwins list of treatements in order of effectiveness|http://www.baldwins.co.uk/health_notes?resource=%2fuk%2fassets%2fhealth-condition%2fosteoarthritis%2fhelpful-supplements]]
[[Miscellaneous athritis cures]]
http://www.arthritistoday.org
http://www.theknee.com/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knee_cartilage_replacement_therapy
[[BBC radio programme|http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/b01mk5bw/Inside_Health_Viruses_and_asthma_osteoarthritis_cartilage_repair/]]
http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/main.cfm
----
!Acupuncture
http://www.yinyanghouse.com/treatments/acupuncture_for_arthritis
!!Patient reports
http://www.treatmentreport.com/
!Exercises
[[1 minute stretch|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZZCq1yP50vI]]
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HekbzjpXI0g
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L7WUAwi9cyU - longwinded but good
*Realignment
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lSaTJXJ_Maw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CssWqOwhIZw
!AI searches
!!Grok - only available via X - https://x.com/home
Very good, very complete answers and well structured
!!Google Gemini - https://gemini.google.com/
!!Deepseek - https://chat.deepseek.com/
Doesn't dig as deep as Grok
!!You.com
!!ChatGPT
https://chatgpt.com/
!!Claude - https://claude.ai/new
Not impressed
!!https://deepai.org/chat
!!https://copilot.microsoft.com/
!!https://www.perplexity.ai/
http://www.freecookingrecipes.net/atkins-diet
http://www.atkins.com/recipes.aspx
http://www.goodtoknow.co.uk/recipes/Atkins-diet
----
Really good paraphrase: http://www.chewfo.com/diets/the-new-atkins-made-easy-by-colette-heimowitz-2013-food-list-what-to-eat-and-foods-to-avoid/
----
!All phases: Avoid sugar and processed carbs.
Start with induction, then add unprocessed carbs one type at a time using the Carb Ladder.
!Induction phase 1
Eat proteins, foundation vegetables, fats; average 20 Net Carbs daily.
!Ongoing weight loss phase 2
Add nuts and seeds, then low-carb fruits, then yogurt and fresh cheeses, then legumes; increase carb intake in 5- and 10-gram increments to up to 80 Net Carbs daily.
!Pre-maintenance phase 3
Add other fruits, then higher-carb vegetables, then whole grains; gradually increase Net Carb intake if still losing weight.
!Maintenance phase 4
Keep an eye on carbs to maintain weight.
Aubergine curry
This is quite hot and spicy. All of the ingredients can be picked up in a decent supermarket, though you may have to go to a Chinese or Thai shop for the fresh lime leaves. Dried are passable, but will have lost some of their magic. Serves 4 with rice.
for the spice paste:
5 small, hot chillies (bird’s eye)
5 spring onions
4 cloves of garlic
a lump of ginger about the size of a golf ball
6 lime leaves
1 tbsp coriander seed
1 tsp cumin seed
2 green cardamom pods
1 tbsp groundnut oil
a small handful of coriander
for the curry:
2 large aubergines
6 medium-sized tomatoes
a can of coconut milk
more fresh coriander
to serve: steamed white rice for four
Make the curry paste: cut the chillies in half, scrape out the seeds and discard them, then put the chillies into the bowl of a food processor. Roughly chop the spring onions, discarding the darkest of the green shoots as you go, then add them to the chillies together with the peeled cloves of garlic.
Peel the ginger and cut it into thin slices. Remove the thick central vein from the lime leaves, roll the leaves up tightly, then shred them finely. Add them with the ginger, coriander and cumin to the food processor. Crack the cardamom pods open and smash the seeds to a powder in a pestle and mortar, then add it to the chilli mixture with the oil. Blitz till you have a rough paste, pushing the mixture down from the sides of the bowl as you go. Add a good handful of coriander leaves and stems. You can add 8 or 10 roots, too, clean and scrubbed. Blitz again.
For the curry, slice the aubergines in half, then cut each half into thick wedges. Cut each wedge in half. Grill the aubergines, without any oil, over a hot grill or on a ridged griddle pan until they are tender and marked black by the bars of the grill. Remove each one as it becomes ready. Chop the tomatoes.
Roughly chop a good couple of handfuls of coriander leaves and stir them in. Serve with rice.
!Robert Scarlett
<img src="images/RobertScarlettsmall.jpg" style="float:left;padding-right: 5px;">
I am ten years old and live with my mum, dad and brother. I was diagnosed with autism when I was four, while at nursery school. I am a big fan of Top Gear, the Discovery Channel and The Beano. I play the cello and am working towards my grade one exam. At school, my favourite subjects are science and music. I haven't quite decided what I want to be when I grow up - perhaps a physicist (as I really like science), an engineer, or maybe a gardener.
I took all the photos myself (apart from one or two, which I had some help with) and it didn't take long. They include pictures of everyday objects like cars, my clarinet, my mum's cooker and best of all, my lava lamp. I would have liked to have taken photos of the park near my Grandma's, too, but instead my dad and I made do with the one near my house which isn't as big but not bad.
I would have also liked to have taken photos of koalas, as they are my favourite animal, but there aren't many in England!
I really enjoyed taking photos of everyday items, which I feel people often fake for granted. I realise how fortunate we are to have such items in our lives. I hope that when people see my photos, they too will realise how fortunate they are to have these objects in their life.
!Michael McGuinness
<img src="images/michaelmcguinesssmall.jpg" style="float:left;padding-right: 5px;">My name is Michael McGuinness and I am eight years and ten months old. I was diagnosed with autism in October 2002 when I was three years and eight months old.
I am very good at concentrating on things I like. Sometimes I find the world a noisy and frightening place, but I love forests and nature. I don't understand the rules. Sometimes people don't give me time to answer them and so they ignore me. I can't understand what their faces say. It is hard for me to tell people what I need in the right words at the right time. I always need to know what is happening next. I love my little brother Matthew, who is five. He is my best friend.
I took pictures of the things I like. I chose the piano because music makes me feel happy and I love playing it. Traffic lights have beautiful colours and I like watching them change. I love using the computer to make animations. I enjoy using the Microsoft paint program and drawing pictures of clocks and traffic lights and my favourite things. I especially like the font Comic Sans MS.
I also like to build with Lego, and I love my dog, Toby, because I can talk to him and he talks to me. I love direction signs and arrows. I love clocks, digital and ordinary ones. I like numbers. I love to tell the time.
I loved getting my pictures taken. I had to stand for a long time. Robin was very nice. He had a magic camera.
Observer Magazine, 28 October 2007.
/%
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on (or enable)- re-render content whenever corresponding tiddler source is changed
force - re-render content whenever ANY tiddler content is changes (or refreshDisplay() is triggered)
id - (optional)
is a unique DOM element identifier on which to operate.
If not specified, the current tiddler (or containing parent if not in a tiddler) is used.
%/<script>
var here=story.findContainingTiddler(place);
if (here) { // in a tiddler, get containing viewer element
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if (!here) return; // no 'viewer' element (perhaps a custom template?)
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else here=place.parentNode; // not in a tiddler, use immediate parent container
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!Guacamole 1
Ingredients
1 ripe avocado, mashed
½ tbsp. honey
3 tbsp. salsa
1 tbsp. lemon juice
1 tbsp. Spanish onion, finely chopped
Braggs Seasoning, or sea salt to taste
¼ tsp. garlic powder
¼ tsp. onion powder
½ tsp. low-salt chicken base powder
½ tsp. Vegit seasoning (optional)
Method
Blend all the ingredients in a bowl and serve with cut up raw vegetables
Serve immediately.
Serves 2
!Guacamole 2
''Ingredients''
4 mild chillies, finely chopped
bunch coriander, chopped
2 tomatoes, finely chopped
salt, to taste
1 onion, finely chopped
1-2 tbsp water
½ lime, juice only
3 ripe avocados
''Preparation method''
In a pestle and mortar, pound the chillies, coriander, tomatoes, salt and onion to a fine paste.
Add a little water and lime juice to make a looser mixture. Mash in the avocados. Serve.
!Avocado Hummus
''Ingredients''
1 ripe avocado, cut in half, skin and stone removed
1 x 400g/14oz can chickpeas, drained and rinsed
1 garlic clove, peeled, finely chopped
1-2 lemons, juice only
½ tsp Tabasco
½ tsp ground cumin
sea salt, to taste
6 ready-made pitta breads, to serve
''Preparation method''
Blend all of the ingredients in a food processor until smooth.
Transfer the avocado hummus to a bowl and cover with cling film. Chill in the fridge for one hour.
Serve in bowls with pitta breads.
Reuters December 4, 2000
LONDON -- Britain's police and intelligence services are seeking the right to access records of every telephone call, e-mail and Internet connection made in the United Kingdom, the government said Sunday.
The country's crime-fighting and intelligence agencies want all such communications to be logged, and the information stored for seven years in vast government-run "data warehouses."
"They have passed a document to us which we are now looking at, but it has to be stressed that there has been no decision made on this," a Home Office spokeswoman said.
"We work very closely with these organizations and want to ensure they have the tools they need to tackle serious, organized crime, but there are other important issues, such as human rights, to be considered."
The spokeswoman said the powers sought would require new legislation, but "that is a long way off at the moment."
The request, from the police, customs and intelligence services, was first reported Sunday by The Observer newspaper, which had seen a copy of the document submitted to the Home Office.
The document said new powers were needed to tackle growing problems of cyber crime, pedophiles' use of computers to run child porn rings, terrorism and international drug trafficking, according to The Observer report.
Politicians and campaigners cited by the paper as condemning the idea included Conservative peer and privacy expert Lord Cope.
"We are sympathetic to the need for greater powers to fight modern types of crime," he said.
"But vast banks of information on every member of the public can quickly slip into the world of Big Brother. I will be asking serious questions about this."
Go to source: Chicago Tribune | Nation World -- BRITISH POLICE SEEKING ACCESS TO CALLS, E-MAILS
In theory, these onions are a very pleasing side dish to roast beef or pork, but I feel their juicy, herbal qualities deserve more than just a supporting role. We ate them this week as part of a light lunch, with a wedge of blue-veined Stichelton and dark black grapes to follow. Serves 4 as a side dish.
''Ingredients''
4 large, juicy onions
80g butter
balsamic vinegar
''Preparation''
Bring a deep pot of water to the boil and lower the onions, whole and unpeeled, into it. Let them cook at a merry simmer for 20 minutes, then remove with a draining spoon. Set the oven at 200C/gas 6.
Cut four squares of kitchen foil or baking parchment large enough to wrap each onion. Place an onion in the centre of each, add a piece of the butter and a few shakes of balsamic vinegar to each, then pull up the sides of the paper around the onion and seal with a scrunch, in the case of foil, or a twist if you have used paper. Either way, seal in the mellow buttery notes until the onions reach the table.
Bake for 25 minutes then put an onion on everyone's plate. Let them open the wrapping just before they eat, peeling away the onion skins with a knife and fork and spooning the juices over the golden flesh.
''Ingredients''
4lb Elderberries
5 litres (1 gallons) of boiling water
3 lb of granulated sugar
a 'claret' yeast sachet
8 oz chopped raisins
Juice of 1 lemon
Juice of 1 orange
1 vitamin B tablet
1 teaspoon of yeast nutrient
''Preparation''
Strip the berries from the umbrells into a suitably large primary fermentation vessel with a fork.
Add 8 oz chopped raisins, juice of the lemon, juice of the orange, a vitamin B tablet and a teaspoon of yeast nutrient.
Add the boiling water and stir well.
When cool enough to handle, squeeze fruit with hands to extract juice.
Leave for one day to infuse.
Add 2 1/2 lb sugar and activated yeast and leave covered for three days.
Strain off liquid into demijohns, top up with another 1/4 lb of sugar in each and, if necessary, with cooled boiled water.
Leave to ferment in a warm (65-75 degrees), dark place.
Rack off the lees into a clean demijohn when bubbling has subsided.
Rack again 6 weeks later.
Bottle in dark green bottles when wine is clear (I use a desk lamp to shine through from the other side) and there has been no activity for some time.
Mature for at least 6 months before drinking.
Once seen as the Cinderella of the kitchen garden, beetroot is now soaring up the supermarket sales league table, thanks to an astonishing list of health-giving properties. Maxine Frith reports Published: 17 January 2006
The humble beetroot has always been a bit of a poor relation to other, trendier species in the vegetable world. Perhaps it is because of its association with war-time rationing (it was often used as a substitute for soft fruit in jam). Perhaps it’s the memory of the cheap pickled variety that adorned school dinners (and its irritating side-effect: the indelible red stains). Whatever the reason, it has never had quite the cachet of, say, fennel or artichokes.
Now all that is changing.
According to Tesco, beetroot sales have doubled during the past year and its stores are now having to devote extra space to the raw variety in their vegetable aisles. Uber-hip chef Heston Blumenthal features beetroot jelly on the menu of his Michelin three-starred restaurant, The Fat Duck. And one of the most popular dishes at the eastern European-themed Baltic bistro in London is beetroot and apple salad.
But it is not only the world of fine dining that this unglamorous root vegetable has conquered. Beetroot has now been anointed by health experts as a “superfood” - virtually fat free, rich in iron and magnesium and possibly cancer-preventing to boot.
It even boasts its own diet - in which followers have to eat beetroot three times a day, alongside other vegetables and whole foods. Dismiss it as yet another food fad if you will, but Warwickshire County Cricket Club adopted the Beetroot Diet in 2004 - and won the county championship that season.
Beetroot was known as a delicacy in Ancient Greece, where the leaves were cooked with honey and wine. The root was prized for its medicinal qualities and was used as a treatment for fevers, skin problems and digestive complaints.
Those well-known gourmets the Romans also ate beetroot, with Apicius, the Jamie Oliver of his day, recommending that it be made into a salad with a dressing of mustard, oil and vinegar - not so very dissimilar from the 21st-century recipe on the opposite page.
In the 16th century, it was given as a “blood builder” to people who were pale and run down. At the time, doctors and patients may not have known why it was so efficaceous, but health experts now know that its high iron content can help to treat anaemia and fatigue.
It is also rich in folic acid, which is known to be helpful in reducing the risks of birth defects if taken before conception and in the early stages of pregnancy.
Catherine Zeta Jones is reported to have become addicted to beetroot after eating it while pregnant with her two children.
The weight-conscious actress may also have appreciated the vegetable’s lack of fat and the fact that there are only 36 calories per 100 grams. In addition to B vitamins, iron and zinc, beetroot is a good source of vitamins A and C, calcium, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium, as well as protein and fibre.
The vegetable that was once seen as peasant fare has come a long way. Dietician Helen Andrews said: “It is interesting because beetroot was originally seen as a poor person’s vegetable because it could be grown in your own garden. Now it has become quite trendy, probably partly due to people like Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall being on television and talking about things you can grow yourself.
”It is also affordable, at a time when one of the complaints people have about eating more fruit and vegetables is that it can be expensive.”
She added: “Beetroot does contain lots of vitamins and minerals and is high in soluble fibre, which plays a role in preventing heart disease, so it is very good for you as part of a balanced diet.”
If all that weren’t enough, researchers have recently labelled the vegetable a “mood food” because it contains a compound called betaine that is known to relax the mind and help with depression.
And there have even been claims that beetroot could be Nature’s Viagra, as it has high levels of the mineral boron, which has a role in the production of sex hormones.
Throughout history, it has been believed that the vegetable may have the power to prevent and even cure cancer. Research has shown that beetroot can inhibit tumour growth and has antioxidant properties that may help to prevent cancer in the first place. However, doctors have expressed concern about cancer patients who reject chemotherapy in favour of a regimen of raw vegetables such as beetroot.
Luckily, for those who are still traumatised by childhood memories of pickled beetroot, there are now alternatives. Specialist health shops offer a powder preparation and even freeze-dried cubes. Beetroot juice, which is also on sale in health food shops, is said to help cure acne and contribute to a clear complexion.
Graham Forber, managing director of one of the major beetroot-producing companies in Britain, said that the market in the root vegetable is growing by up to 20 per cent a year. “I think a lot of people have been put off by the nasty pickled variety of beetroot that they had at school,” he said.
”It used to be seen as a very traditional rather than trendy vegetable, but all that is changing. Rather than the pickled version, the demand is for the fresh variety. It is seen as being very healthy, with lots of really good properties and quite versatile.”
Producers are now generating 60,000 of tonnes of beetroot a year, most of which is sold in this country. And new varieties of the vegetable are also being created, such as the smaller “cocktail beetroot” which is designed for use in canapes, and a “golden” version - which has a yellow rather than red colour to eradicate the risk of staining.
Yes, beetroot is now much more Jamie Oliver than school dinners.
!10 things you never knew about beetroot
* Its Latin name is Beta vulgaris and it is part of the Chenopodiaceae family of vegetables, which includes Swiss chard and spinach. As well as the root, which can be baked or boiled, the leaves are edible and can be either eaten in salad, or steamed.
* It originated in the Mediterranean in pre-Christian times and was often left as an offering to the god Apollo at his temple in Delphi.
* The world’s heaviest beetroot weighed 23.4kg (51.48lb) and was grown by Ian Neale from Somerset in 2001.
* Beetroot - which is related to the sugar beet - has one of the highest sugar contents of any vegetable. Up to 10 per cent of beetroot is sugar, but it is released slowly into the body rather than the sudden rush that results from eating chocolate.
* Pickled beetroot became popular after the Second World War, when farmers began growing crops in the summer as well as winter.
* The Russians use beetroot to make a soup called borscht, and in Australia, it is a popular topping for burgers.
* English folklore states that if a man and a woman eat from the same beet, they will fall in love.
* The Elizabethans prepared beetroot by wiping it with fresh dung before cooking it.
* The red pigment in beetroot - betaline - is used as a food colouring in a wide range of foods, including frozen pizzas, tomato paste and strawberry ice cream.
* Beetroot was first used as a vegetable dye in the 16th century - later, the Victorians used it as a hair colouring.
!Baltic’s beetroot and apple salad
This beetroot and apple salad is served at Baltic, the highly acclaimed restaurant in Blackfriars Road, south-east London
Serves four
6 organic beetroots, peeled and roughly grated
4 Granny Smith apples, peeled and roughly grated
4 small shallots, finely diced
2 teaspoons of granulated sugar
2 tablespoons of olive oil
squeeze of lemon juice
Bind the above together with coarse sea salt and pepper to taste. Serve immediately. Keep chilled.
*Study the Navigation tips carefully
*Use the menus
*Try the Index link for an overview of all the content that is available.
For any other information, go to my [[WorldWideWeb website|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/worldwideweb.html]] for computer help.
Ask for help via the comments section on the Joomla sites - or email - and I'll do my best to point you to a suitable website.
//Internet resources are now so good, there is always something useful and productive out there. Finding information that is written in Plain English is the problem and that is where I can help you by assessing what I think is the correct level and whether or not the information is correct.//
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Beta glucan (β-glucan) is a soluble fiber readily available from oat and barley grains.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3236515/
!Health benefits
#Non-alcoholic fatty liver
#Insulin resistance
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2993168/
#Folate and betaine can attenuate possible adverse effects of moderate alcohol consumption.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26771632
https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=promote+your+blog&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&gws_rd=cr&ei=ec2nVr2cO8mu-QHL3YTABA#q=betaine+hcl+site:http:%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpubmed%2F
http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-312-betaine%20hydrochloride.aspx?activeingredientid=312&activeingredientname=betaine%20hydrochloride
http://www.thesportshq.com/electric-bikes.aspx
http://www.bicycles4u.com/?bike=4
https://www.triradar.com/
----
+++[Bike maintenance guides]
[[Bike Radar|http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL56C43FD507BCBC61&feature=plcp]]
===
+++[Bike sites]
http://www.bikeradar.com/
http://www.bicycling.com/
===
----
[[Dawes hybrid]]
[[Mountain Bike]]
[[Change a chain]]
----
[[Adjust the gears]]
[[Adjust the brakes]] - http://youtu.be/zLqrhFzW8s0
[[Repair a puncture]]
[[Adjust set height]]
----
!Bike repairs - Newcastle
Recykley'bike - Unit 2 Railway Arch, Hanninington Street, Byker NE61JT 2654197
----
Geared4life
Crisis Skylight
1-3 City Road
Newcastle Upon Tyne
NE1 2AF
Tel: 0191 232 5774
----
!Bike rides
http://www.gps-routes.co.uk/routes/home.nsf/RoutesLinksWalks/great-north-forest-heritage-trail-walking-and-cycle-route#
Evans Bycicles
Unit 2 Allison Court
Metro Centre
Gateshead
NE11 9YS
https://www.lef.org/magazine/mag2006/may2006_report_blood_01.htm
!C-reactive protein
C-reactive protein is produced by the liver. The level of CRP rises when there is inflammation throughout the body.
!Smoothies
http://www.mensfitness.co.uk/nutrition/smoothies/archive/
''Ingredients''
100g blueberries
1tsp flaxseeds
½ a banana
1tsp honey
3tbsp low-fat natural yoghurt
2-3tbsp oats
50ml soya milk
----
''Ingredients''
175ml/6fl oz apple juice
120ml/4fl oz natural yoghurt
1 banana, peeled and roughly chopped
170g/6oz blueberries (defrosted if frozen)
<html>
<body>
<strong><u>Turkey</u></strong><strong><u> </u></strong><br>
<strong>Bodrum</strong><br>
<img src="images/clip_image001_0001.gif" alt="Bodrum" width="499" height="309" border="0"></p>
<p><strong>Bodrum</strong> <br>
In the eyes of its devotees, <strong>BODRUM</strong> - ancient Halicarnassos - with its whitewashed houses and subtropical gardens, is the most attractive Turkish resort, a quality outfit in comparison to its upstart Aegean rivals. And it is a pleasant town in most senses, despite having no real beach, although development has proceeded apace over the last couple of decades. The centrepiece is the <strong>Castle of St Peter</strong> (Tues-Sun 9am-noon & 1-5pm; $7), built by the Knights of St John over a Selçuk fortress between 1437 and 1522. Inside, the various towers house a <strong>Museum of Underwater Archeology</strong>, which includes coin and jewellery rooms, classical and Hellenistic statuary, and Byzantine relics retrieved from two wrecks, alongside a diorama explaining salvage techniques. The <strong>Carian princess hall</strong> ($2.50 extra) displays the skeleton and sarcophagus of a fourth-century BC noblewoman unearthed in 1989. There is also the <strong>Glass Wreck Hall</strong> ($2.50 extra) containing the wreck and cargo of an ancient Byzantine ship, which sank near Marmaris. Immediately north of the castle lies the <strong>bazaar</strong>, from where you can stroll up Türkkuyusu Caddesi and turn left to the town’s other main sight, the <strong>Mausoleum</strong> (daily 8am-5pm; $2). This is the burial place of Mausolus, who ruled Halicarnassos in the fourth century BC, greatly increasing its power and wealth. His tomb (from which we derive the word “mausoleum”) was regarded as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, but the bulk of it is now in London’s British Museum. The town’s ancient <strong>amphitheatre</strong>, just above the main highway to the north, was begun by Mausolus and was modified in the Roman era; it’s used during the annual September festival.<br>
<strong>Ferries</strong> dock at the jetty west of the castle, close to the <strong>tourist office</strong> on İskele Meydanı (Mon-Fri 8.30am-5.30pm; summer also Sat & Sun). The <strong>bus station</strong> is 500m up Cevat Şakir Caddesi, which divides the town roughly in two. Bodrum Ferryboat Association (tel 0252/316 0882) handles <strong>ferries to Kos</strong> ($20 one-way, $25 day return, $30 open return), as well as domestic services to Datça, while Bodrum Express Lines (tel 0252/316 1087) handles <strong>hydrofoils to Kos</strong> ($30 one-way, $35 day return, $40 open return), <strong>Rhodes</strong> ($50 one-way, $60 day return, $70 open return) and domestic services to Marmaris. There’s a port tax ($10), payable on arrival in Greece if you’re not returning the same day. Some of the best <strong>accommodation</strong> is southeast of the bus station in Kumbahçe. <em>Emiko Pansiyon</em>, Atatürk Cad, Uslu Sok 11 (tel 0252/316 5560, <em><a href="mailto:emiko@turk.net">emiko@turk.net</a></em>; £10-20/$16-32 [€15-29]), has a pleasant courtyard and quiet rooms. <em>Durak</em>, Rasthane Sok 8 (tel 0252/316 1564; up to £10/$16), has some with balconies, as does the friendly <em>Uğur</em>, across the road at no. 13 (tel 0252/316 2106; £10-20/$16-32 [€15-29]). West of the bus station, <em>Melis</em>, Türkkuyusu Cad 50 (tel 0252/316 0560; £10-20/$16-32 [€15-29]), has en-suite rooms and attractive courtyards. The nearby <em>Dönen</em> (tel 0252/316 4017; £10-20/$16-32 [€15-29]) is a quiet family-run operation with a garden. <em>Dolmuşes</em> from the bus station head to nearby Akyarlar, which offers the best sandy beach around, some quiet <em>pansiyons</em> and restaurants, and a <strong>campsite</strong>.<br>
You don’t come to Bodrum to save money, and <strong>eating out</strong> is no exception. Best of the budget places is <em>ZetaşOcakbaşı</em> on Atatürk Cad, which offers good <em>pide</em> and meat dishes. <em>Gemibaşi</em>, opposite the yacht harbour, on the corner of Firkayten Sok and Neyzen Tevfik, is good for a no-nonsense meat meal and also serves fish. The <em>Karadeniz</em> cake shop on Dr Alim Bey Cad does wonderful fruit and cream cakes. The same street boasts many of the town’s fast-changing <strong>bars</strong> - current hot-spots include <em>Robin Hood</em> and the <em>White House</em>. <em>Halikarnas</em> at the east end of Cumhuriyet Cad is the most famous <strong>club</strong> on the Aegean, while the <em>M&M Marine Club</em> is reputedly the biggest floating disco in the world; it sets sail at 2am when the onshore establishments close. <strong>Internet</strong> access is at Hakim’s Internet on Atatürk Cad.<br>
<strong><u>Nightlife</u></strong><br>
<strong>Halikarnas Disco </strong><br>
<strong>Kuba - Jazz</strong><br>
<strong>Picante - Salsa</strong><br>
Lets start our bar and disco walk right underneath the impressive walls of the castle - on Iskele Meydani, the place just on the harbor side where are many cafes, just next to the tourism office.<br>
<br>
Here starts Dr. Alim Bey street, later it leads to Cumhuriyet street, but both together are all over Bodrum known as Barstreet. This one mile long street runs parallel with the sea, so all the bars and restaurants on your right side offer a sitting area on the beach with the scenic view of the castle.<br>
<br>
<strong>McDonalds</strong> fast food will be the first on the left side.<br>
<br>
Then next to it is <strong>VELI BAR</strong>, with frequently live music. This one is probably the oldest bar in town.<br>
<br>
Nestled among boutiques with good quality textiles you’ll see <strong>YETTIGARI</strong> and then a bit further on <strong>HADIGARI BAR & RESTAURANT</strong> <br>
<br>
Before you come to an open place, known as PIDE Place you will pass <strong>M&M DANCING</strong>, this is a very recommendable disco of high quality standard in sound system and decoration<br>
Now you have reached a little square, in precise words the Hilmi Uran Meydani, or in short: the Pide place, because you find a bunch of shops selling snacks like the Turkish Pizza, the Pide. Take a rest here.<br>
<br>
On the right then you’ll see a stone house facade with the name <strong>FORA BAR</strong>. It is again one of these nice discos situated on the Beach offering a marvellous view of the sea and castle.<br>
<br>
Now you enter straight away the extension of this barstreet, the Cumhuriyet Caddesi. If you come in high season you’ll find it difficult to walk on this narrow and crowded street.<br>
<br>
Many shops and boutiqes sell all kinds of goods and among them are the restaurants and bars. And don’t forget - you are still parallel with the sea. <br>
<br>
By now you have reached another opening, called Azmakbasi, but the Cumhuriyt caddesi carries on.<br>
<br>
Here on right you find <strong>FASIL CAFE RASIT</strong>, an upstairs bar with authentic Turkish music and belly dance. The program start around 11 PM.<br>
After Azmakbasi you’ll have the open sea on your right side and many bars and inviting restaurants to your left-<br>
<br>
your eyes will be attracted by a building in nearly Victorian style <strong>THE WHITE HOUSE BAR</strong> offering live music.<br>
<br>
A bit further on is <strong>SULTANS BEACH H0USE</strong>, owned by friendly Erdogan Danaci.<br>
<br>
More discos and bars follow and still on your right side is the open Aegean sea. A nice little cafe called <strong>MAVI BAR</strong> - the blue bar invites you for a drink while you can have a look at their galleries<br>
<br>
From here you walk about 50 meters along the little ascending street to one of the nicest discos in the world, the <strong>HALIKARNASS DISCO</strong>. </p>
<p><strong>Markets</strong><br>
Tuesday<br>
<strong>Hotels</strong><br>
<strong>Mr Zafer Küstü<br>
<u>Su Otel</u></strong><br>
Tepecik Mahallesi, Turgut Reis Cad., 1201 Sokak<br>
<u>Bodrum <../BodrumMain.html></u>, Mugla, Turkey<br>
Tel +90 (252) 316 6906<br>
<strong>Walk to Su Otel from Bodrum Waterfront</strong><br>
Find <strong>Gerence Sokak</strong> going inland (north) from <strong>Neyzen Tevfik Caddesi</strong>, the waterfront street around Salmakis Bay (the western of Bodrum’s two bays). Gerence Sokak starts between Neyzen Tevfik Caddesi Nos. 34 and 36. It’s about a 10-minute walk from Neyzen Tevfik Caddesi to the <u>Su Otel <su_otel.html></u>. There are small signs marking the route the entire way.<br>
Follow Gerence Sokak, which curves around to the left, then is more direct, all the way to <strong>Turgutreis Caddesi, </strong>the narrow one-lane, one-way (eastbound) street. Turn left (west), and beware the traffic on this street as you walk, looking for small “<u>Su Otel <su_otel.html></u>” signs. The entrance to <strong>1201 Sokak</strong>,<strong> </strong>the Su Otel access path is on the left (south).<br>
<strong><u>Dolphin Apart - selef catering</u></strong><br>
Umurca Mah. Dr. Mümtaz Ataman Cad. | Rasattepe Sok No.:8, Bodrum 48400, Turkey</p>
</body>
</html>
Official title of the tradesman is Heating engineer
http://www.bdonline.co.uk/cpd-module-august-07-condensing-continuous-hot-water-heating-systems/3092891.article
!DIY
http://www.judgeelectrical.co.uk/central-heating/general-advice/central-heating-problems-advice.html
!Forums
http://www.diydoctor.org.uk/forums/heating-air-conditioning-forum.html
http://www.ultimatehandyman.co.uk/forum1/central-heating-boilers-f35.html
http://www.boilerguide.co.uk/forum/
http://www.ukplumbersforums.co.uk/central-heating-forum/
!Videos
http://www.ultimatehandyman.org/video/central-heating/index.php
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLBOmFLSbrmqVbhLy5LKCe9H5VXA1s70dz
Overview of boiler installation - http://youtu.be/q-7gnV2MijU
----
*Drain the boiler
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d0g6T9SOAt4&feature=share&list=PLBOmFLSbrmqVbhLy5LKCe9H5VXA1s70dz&index=32
+++[Spares]
http://www.keeptheheaton.com
http://www.sabre-spares.co.uk
===
[[Worcester green star 301 erp]]
Tamanu oil (wooooooooooonderful for acneic or oily skin, or skin with scars)
Sea buckthorn oil (powerfully nourishing, this is a great oil for all skin types, but especially aging or dry skin)
Rosehip seed oil (incredibly regenerating, this oil is known for it’s firming and anti-aging abilities – it’s good for dry, aging, and normal skin)
Carrot seed oil (you only need a small amount of this oil, but it’s superb for any skin type – is there anything it won’t heal?)
Borage oil (crazy high in oleic acids, this oil is great for most skin types, but especially oily and acneic skin)
Evening primrose oil (acne, aging, normal skin, you name it – and evening primrose oil can even be taken internally to help with acne)
Neem oil (very antimicrobial and healing, neem oil is a stellar choice for acne and oily skin)
Emu oil (emollient like you wouldn’t believe, emu oil is protective and nourishing for dry or aging skin)
When you take a long time, you're slow.
When your boss takes a long time, they're thorough.
When you don't do it, you're lazy.
When your boss doesn't do it, they're too busy.
When you make a mistake, you're an idiot.
When your boss makes a mistake, they're only human.
When doing something without being told, you're overstepping your authority.
When your boss does the same thing, that's initiative.
When you take a stand, you're being pig-headed.
When your boss does it, they're being firm.
When you overlooked a rule of etiquette, you're being rude.
When your boss skips a few rules, they're being original.
When you're out of the office, you're wandering around.
When your boss is out of the office, they're on business.
When you're on a day off sick, you're always sick.
When your boss has a day off sick, they must be very ill.
When you apply for leave, you must be going for an interview.
When your boss applies for leave, it's because they're overworked.
!Bread basics
#The basic all-purpose flour/liquid ratio is 2 1/2 to 3 cups flour to 1 1/4 cups liquid, depending on the time of year -- more flour in the summer, less in the winter.
#Too little yeast, your bread won't rise sufficiently; too much, and it will rise and collapse.
#Keep yeast and salt separate.
#A high-protein all-purpose or bread flour will yield high-rising bread. Whole-grain flours will yield denser, heavier, more substantial breads. A combination of flours will yield something in between.
#From the time we set our loaves for their final proof they should have increased in volume by at least half. If your loaves have doubled or more, this might mean we're approaching overproofing.
#Poke your loaf. Your finger should leave an imprint, but that imprint should gently bounce back and mostly disappear in a few seconds. If your finger leaves no impression, then the gluten is still very taught from shaping, and your dough needs more time. If your finger leaves an imprint indefinitely, bake immediately.
#The basic ratio of salt to flour in bread is 1/2 teaspoon salt per cup of flour.
#Bread that rises, then collapses in the middle as it bakes -- the infamous “crater bread” -- contains too much liquid. Adjust your formula.
#Adding a couple of teaspoons of flour along with the raisins/nuts helps the dough in the machine to “open up” and accept whatever you're adding more easily. If “additives” haven't kneaded into the dough by the time it goes into its first rise, simply remove the dough from the machine, scoop out the raisins/nuts, knead them in by hand, and return the dough to the machine.
!Oven bread
https://www.tasteofhome.com/article/oven-temperatures-for-baking-bread/
The oven temperature for bread baking varies according to the ingredients used to make the bread.Generally, leaner breads (made with flour, water, and yeast) are baked at 400° to 425°. Richer breads (made with more fat and eggs) are baked at lower temperatures.Breads made with less than 1/2 cup sugar are generally baked at 375° and bread with more are baked at 350°.A loaf of bread can bake from 25 to 45 minutes. The baking time depends on the size and shape of the loaf and the temperature of the oven.
!FAQ
My crust is always soft. How can I make a crispier crust?
A. If your bread machine has a french bread setting, try using that. If you reduce the oil or butter in your recipe you may get crispier results. Also, if the recipe calls for milk, try using water instead.
What is all-purpose flour? = Plain flour.
!Recipes
https://www.kingarthurflour.com/recipes/bread
https://www.kingarthurflour.com/recipes/no-knead-crusty-white-bread-recipe
https://www.kingarthurflour.com/recipes/pumpkin-espresso-bundt-cake-recipe
https://www.kingarthurflour.com/recipes/chocolate-chip-oatmeal-cookies-recipe
!Sourdough
https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2014/mar/08/make-your-own-sourdough-bread-starter-recipe
!Tricks
A dough's first rising can be done in the fridge overnight. This slows down the time it takes to rise to double its size, giving it a deeper flavour. It's also a great timesaver, as you can start it the night before, then finish it off the next day.
/***
|Name|BreadcrumbsPlugin|
|Source|http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=150646|
|OriginalAuthor|Alan Hecht (with 2.0 update from 'jack' and revisions by Bram Chen)|
|Version|1.5.5.0TT|
|Author|Eric Shulman|
|License|[[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]|
|~CoreVersion|2.1|
|Type|plugin|
|Requires||
|Overrides|Story.prototype.displayTiddler|
|Description|show a list of tiddlers viewed during this session. Also defines "back" (previousTiddler) toolbar button and macro|
!Revision History:
__TiddlyTools (TT) variant:__
1.5.5.0 2007.04.11 - added optional params to previousTiddler macro handler() to allow alternative label and tooltip text (instead of default "back")
1.5.4.0 2007.03.02 - in refreshCrumbs(), for TW2.2, look for "storyDisplay" instead of "tiddlerDisplay" but keep fallback to "tiddlerDisplay" for TW2.1 or earlier
1.5.3.0 2007.02.24 - changed from hijack of onClickTiddlerLink to hijack of displayTiddler() so that ALL displayed tiddlers are recorded in the crumbs, including programmatically displayed tiddlers opened by macros, scripts, etc., (such as [[GotoPlugin]], among many others) in addition to those opened by clicks on links.
1.5.2.0 2007.02.24 - eliminated global space clutter by moving function and data declarations so they are contained inside config.breadCrumbs object.
1.5.1.0 2007.02.06 - added "previousTiddler" macro (for use in sidebar)
1.5.0.0 2007.02.05 - added "previousTiddler" toolbar command (aka, "back")
1.4.0.1 2006.08.04 - change spaces to tabs
1.4.0.0 2006.08.04 - modified from 1.4.0 distro:
<<<
in refreshCrumbs(), set {{{display:none/block}}} instead of {{{visibility:hidden/visible}}}
in restartHome(), check for valid crumbArea before setting style
general code cleanup/reformat using tabs to indent
<<<
|1.4.0|Aug 02, 2006|Fixed bug, the redefined onClickTiddlerLink_orig_breadCrumbs works incorrectly on IE|
|1.3.0|Jul 20, 2006|Runs compatibly with TW 2.1.0 (rev #403+)|
|1.2.0|Feb 07, 2006|change global array breadCrumbs to config.breadCrumbs by Eric's suggestion|
|1.1.0|Feb 04, 2006|JSLint checked|
|1.0.0|Feb 01, 2006|TW2 ready and code Cleaned-up|
!Code section:
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.breadCrumbs = {major: 1, minor: 5, revision: 5, date: new Date("Apr 11, 2007")};
if (Story.prototype.breadCrumbs_coreDisplayTiddler==undefined)
Story.prototype.breadCrumbs_coreDisplayTiddler=Story.prototype.displayTiddler;
Story.prototype.displayTiddler = function(srcElement,title,template,animate,slowly)
{
this.breadCrumbs_coreDisplayTiddler.apply(this,arguments);
// if not displaying tiddler during document startup, then add it to the breadcrumbs
// note: 'startingUp' flag is a global, set/reset by the core init() function
if (!startingUp) config.breadCrumbs.addCrumb(title);
}
config.breadCrumbs = { // ELS: move all functions and data inside config.breadCrumbs object (eliminate global clutter)
crumbs: [], // the list of current breadcrumbs
addCrumb: function (title) { // ELS: changed from passing event, "e", to passing tiddler title
var thisCrumb = "[[" + title + "]]";
var ind = this.crumbs.find(thisCrumb);
if(ind === null)
this.crumbs.push(thisCrumb);
else
this.crumbs=this.crumbs.slice(0,ind+1); // ELS: use slice() to truncate array instead of just setting array length
this.refreshCrumbs();
return false;
},
refreshCrumbs: function() {
var crumbArea = document.getElementById("breadCrumbs");
if (!crumbArea) {
var crumbArea = document.createElement("div");
crumbArea.id = "breadCrumbs";
crumbArea.style.display= "none"; // ELS changed from: crumbArea.style.visibility= "hidden";
var targetArea= document.getElementById("tiddlerDisplay"); // TW2.1-
if (!targetArea) targetArea = document.getElementById("storyDisplay"); // TW2.2+
targetArea.parentNode.insertBefore(crumbArea,targetArea);
}
crumbArea.style.display = "block"; // ELS changed from: crumbArea.style.visibility = "visible";
removeChildren(crumbArea);
createTiddlyButton(crumbArea,"Home",null,this.restartHome);
wikify(" | " + this.crumbs.join(' > '),crumbArea) // ELS: changed || to |
},
restartHome: function() {
story.closeAllTiddlers();
restart();
config.breadCrumbs.crumbs = [];
var crumbArea = document.getElementById("breadCrumbs");
if (crumbArea) // ELS: added check to make sure crumbArea exists
crumbArea.style.display = "none"; // ELS changed from: crumbArea.style.visibility = "hidden";
}
};
config.commands.previousTiddler = { // ELS: added "BACK" toolbar command
text: 'back',
tooltip: 'view the previous tiddler',
hideReadOnly: false,
dateFormat: 'DDD, MMM DDth YYYY hh:0mm:0ss',
handler: function(event,src,title) {
var here=story.findContainingTiddler(src); if (!here) return;
if (config.breadCrumbs.crumbs.length>1) {
var crumb=config.breadCrumbs.crumbs[config.breadCrumbs.crumbs.length-2].replace(/\[\[/,'').replace(/\]\]/,'');
story.displayTiddler(here,crumb);
}
else
config.breadCrumbs.restartHome();
return false;
}
};
config.macros.previousTiddler= { // ELS: added "BACK" macro
label: 'back',
prompt: 'view the previous tiddler',
handler: function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
var label=params.shift(); if (!label) label=this.label;
var prompt=params.shift(); if (!prompt) prompt=this.prompt;
createTiddlyButton(place,label,prompt,function() {
if (config.breadCrumbs.crumbs.length>1) {
var crumb=config.breadCrumbs.crumbs[config.breadCrumbs.crumbs.length-2].replace(/\[\[/,'').replace(/\]\]/,'');
story.displayTiddler(place,crumb);
}
else
config.breadCrumbs.restartHome();
});
}
}
//}}}
!French toast, hot marmalade sauce
Be sure to have something on the side to balance the richness, such as a fruit puree or a splash of sharp dairy produce. Serves 2.
!!Ingredients
100ml full-cream milk
2 eggs
a dash of vanilla extract
1 tbsp caster sugar
4 thick slices of brioche or good, white bread
30g butter
cream or creme fraiche, and icing sugar to serve
----
Lightly beat the milk and eggs, beat in the vanilla and sugar, then pour into a shallow dish. Dunk the slices of bread into the milk and egg and leave for a good 5 minutes.
----
Warm the butter in a non-stick frying pan. When it sizzles, slide in the soaked bread. Let it form a crisp crust on the outside - a matter of 3 or 4 minutes. Turn the bread over with a fish slice or palette knife then cook the other side for a minute or two till golden.
----
Lift the toast out and drain on a piece of kitchen paper and serve, dusted with icing sugar, if you wish, and cream.
----
!!For the sauce:
200g marmalade, probably not too dark or thickly cut
a squeeze of lemon
1 tbsp whisky or brandy, or better still Cointreau
3 tbsp water
----
Melt the marmalade in a small, non-stick pan. Pour in the lemon juice, the alcohol and a tablespoon of the water, bring to the boil and stir to a syrupy consistency. If it seems too thick, add a little more water. Spoon over the toast.
----
* [[Lemon Juice]]
* Porridge or Muesli
* Toast and jam or marmite
* French toast
* Poached or scrambled on toast
* Boiled eggs
* Bacon sandwhich
!Three types - 1 active and 2 deactivated
*Brewer’s Yeast is a particular variety of the single cell fungus/yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae. Nutritional yeast, sold as a supplement is deactivated and is not the same as the active bread or beer making yeast which should not be used as a supplement. Brewers yeast tastes bitter.
Brewer’s Yeast is high in the trace mineral chromium which must be present in order for insulin to do its work of removing glucose from the blood into the cell. The chromium found in Brewer’s Yeast occurs as glucose tolerance factor (GTF). It is in this form that the body is able to use this mineral to help regulate insulin levels and thereby regulate blood sugar levels.
*Nutritional Yeast is made from the same Saccharomyces Cerevisiae fungus/yeast as used in the brewing industry. The difference is that with nutritional yeast, the Saccharomyces Cerevisiae is not obtained from the brewing industry but is grown on molasses or some other medium.
While Brewers Yeast is a good natural source of the minerals chromium and selenium, Nutritional Yeast is not unless it is fortified with these minerals.
!Nutrition
100g
Thiamin (Vitamin B1) 10mg 909%
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) 4mg 286%
Niacin 40mg 250%
Pantothenic Acid 18mg 300%
Vitamin B6 1.53mg 109%
Folic Acid 2,000μg 1000%
Biotin 142μg 284%
Steer clear of supplements identified as “debittered,” since the debittering process removes chromium
!Effective for
Blood sugar - chromium
Cholesterol
Immunity
!Possible effective for
diarrhea
upper respiratory infection
!Contraindications
Crohn's disease
medications used to treat depression
!How does it work?
Due to the chromium content of brewer's yeast, there is interest in using it for lowering blood glucose in people with diabetes. Chromium may help the body use insulin more effectively and this can lower blood sugar levels.
Additionally, brewer's yeast seems to stimulate chemicals (intestinal enzymes) that could help relieve diarrhea.
It also might help fight bacteria that cause infections in the intestine, as well as improve the body’s defenses against viral lung infections such as flu and the common cold.
Brewer's yeast is a source of B vitamins and protein.
!Research
[[Webmd|http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-715-brewer's%20yeast.aspx?activeingredientid=715&activeingredientname=brewer%27s%20yeast]]
http://www.greenchronicle.com/british_regional_recipes.htm
http://www.deliaonline.com/
http://www.circlecity.co.uk/kitchen/index.php
!Traditional British Food
Cottage Pie
Kedgeree
Fish and Chips
Mince and Dumplings
Bacon bone soup
Scotch broth
Lancashire Hot Pot
Welsh Rarebit
Haggis
Roast Beef and Yorkshire Pudding
Full English Breakfast
Afternoon Tea
Bangers and Mash
!!Puddings and sweet stuff
[[Spotted Dick]]
Jam Roly Poly
Fruit Crumble
Custard
Trifle
Scones
*Here is a browser with links to my sites - or just use it like an ordinary browser.
*Please be patient while the multimedia stuff loads!
<<tiddler MiniBrowser>>
----
''Notice the @@color(#cc0000):Fit to size@@ button at the bottom of the browser window (when it is open)!''
----
[[Information and list of items|http://www.newcastle.gov.uk/environment-and-waste/rubbish-waste-and-recycling/apply-for-a-bulky-waste-collection]]
"You don't get everything you want. A dictatorship would be a lot easier." - Governing Magazine, July, 1998
"If this were a dictatorship, it would be a heck of a lot easier; just so long as I'm the dictator." - Washington D.C. December 18, 2000
"A dictatorship would be a heck of a lot easier, there's no question about it." - Business Week, July 30, 2001
"See in my line of work you got to keep repeating things over and over and over again for the truth to sink in, to kind of catapult the propaganda." - Rochester NY, May 24, 2005
"The really rich people figure out how to dodge taxes anyway." - Annandale VA, August 9, 2004
"Our enemies are innovative and resourceful and so are we. They never stop thinking about new ways to harm our country and our people, and neither do we." - Washington D.C. August 5, 2004
"It's been a fabulous year for Laura and me." - December 20, 2001 (Three months after the 9/11 attacks)
"The most important thing is for us to find Osama bin Laden. It is our number one priority and we will not rest until we find him." - Sept. 13, 2001
"I don't know where bin Laden is. I have no idea and really don't care. It's not that important. It's not our priority." - March 13, 2002
"I just want you to know that, when we talk about war, we're really talking about peace." - June 18, 2002 (ever read George Orwell's 1984? Remember "Doublethink"?)
""I'm the commander - see, I don't need to explain - I do not need to explain why I say things. That's the interesting thing about being President." - quoted in Bob Woodward's "Bush at War"
"I'm also not very analytical. You know I don't spend a lot of time thinking about myself, about why I do things." - June 4, 2003
"See, free nations are peaceful nations. Free nations don't attack each other. Free nations don't develop weapons of mass destruction." - October 3, 2003
----
* Serves: 6 to 8
* Preparation Time: 5 minutes
* Cooking Time: 20 minutes
Ingredients:
Units:
* 280 g flour
* 1 tsp baking soda
* 2 tsp baking powder
* 4 tbsp sugar
* ½ tsp salt
* 2 eggs , beaten
* 600 ml buttermilk
* 1 tsp vanilla
* 50 g butter , melted
* 100 ml vegetable oil
* for the garnish:
* some maple syrup
* some fruit
* 1 bowl
* 1 whisk
* 1 frying pan
* 1 spatula
* 1 plate
* 1 ladle
*Step 1: Combine the dry ingredients
**Begin by mixing the flour, baking soda, baking powder, sugar and salt, together.
* Step 2: Combine the wet ingredients
**Add the eggs, buttermilk, vanilla and the butter into the same bowl. Only mix until just combined. Don't worry about lumps at this stage.
* Step 3: Fry the pancakes
**Heat the frying pan on a medium heat.
**Add a little bit of oil. Ladle one portion of batter into the frying pan. Fry for roughly three minutes. Or until bubbles start to rise on the top of the pancake. **Carefully flip it over to the over side. Don't worry if the batter runs out the sides. Fry for roughly 1 minute on this side. When it turns a golden brown, remove it from the pan. Place it onto a plate. Repeat the frying process until the rest are cooked.
* Step 4: Garnish and serve
*Now garnish some fresh fruit, like strawberries and a generous drizzle of maple syrup. Serve.
!Recipes
[[5-Minute Healthy Sautéed Red Cabbage|http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=recipe&dbid=240]]
Braise red cabbage with a chopped apple and red wine. This is a child-friendly dish since the alcohol (but not the flavor or the flavonoids) will evaporate.
Combine shredded red and green cabbage with fresh lemon juice, olive oil, and seasonings such as turmeric, cumin, coriander, and black pepper to make coleslaw with an Indian twist.
!Nutrition - 1 cup - 70g
vitamin K 66.5%
vitamin C 42.7%
Debating is a very popular activity in Great Britain. For the British, it is important to
be able to speak well and to speak convincingly. As a result there are many debating
clubs and societies in schools and universities to train people to debate well.
Each year there is a competition to find the country's best debater. One year the
finalists were Steven Swan from England and Magnus MacDonald from Scotland.
They were two very different characters, both in appearance and personality.
Steven Swan was a short and very fat man. He weighed over 200 kilos and he was
shaped like a ball. He was a very sociable man. Steven was always with friends and he
never stopped talking. He spent a great amount of his time in expensive London
restaurants debating with politicians and businessmen. They always paid the bills so
Stephen ate enormous amounts of food.
Magnus MacDonald, on the other hand, was almost the complete opposite. He was
tall and very, very thin. He looked like a pencil and he seemed to be just skin and
bones. Magnus lived in a small Scottish town so he was quite unknown. He was a
quiet man who spent most of his time reading books in the library. He never spoke
unless it was necessary. 'Never waste words' was one of his favourite sayings.
On the day of the final a large crowd waited anxiously to see and hear the two
finalists. They entered the debating room and stood looking at each other. This was
the first time that they had met. Magnus was silent. Steven slowly looked at Magnus
from head to toe and said,
"So you are Magnus. Looking at you, anybody would think that there was a famine
in Scotland."
The crowd laughed. Magnus waited until the laughter had stopped and replied coldly,
" .............................................................................."
!Scanners
CANSCAN D900 - £27
*Bluetooth ELM327 OBD2 diagnostic scanner
*Maxiscan Diagnostic Scanner CAN Code Reader £16.50
!ELM327 command protocol
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ELM327
!Youtube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qp2j3vl-kG4
!Software
https://www.totalcardiagnostics.com/learn/7-best-obd2-software-reviewed-tested/
!Help
https://www.outilsobdfacile.com/diagnostic-interface-elm-327.php#tips
----
[[Mastech MS6231]]
You will find plenty of reviews of PNDs (<<wikipedia 'Personal Navigation Device'>>) on the Internet. This article is a buyer beware article for the UK market. For example, I bought a Mio C230 after reading that it had TTS (Text to Speech) and full postcode searching after checking the UK vendor's site first. However, I discovered that the European model does not have TTS and on my unit even the postcode search was only 5 digit. I returned it!
!Main features of a budget PND
*WinCE Core 5.0
*SiRFStar III GPS Chipset
*Full Post Code search
*Auto-zoom
*Speed camera database
*POIs (Points of Interest)
----
*SD memory card expansion slot (new Tom Tom One does not!)
*12-24 volt adapter cable that plugs into your cigarette lighter
*USB cable
!Beware of the difference between US and UK models
Have you noticed that as goods travel from the US to the UK they double in price and the specifications and standards for the same model drop? In other words, welcome to short-changed ripoff Britain.
Check the spec for the UK model!
----
The main differences are:
Text to Speech: US yes, UK no
Huge POIs: US yes, UK no
Extra software: US yes, UK no
Multimedia: US yes, UK no
Extra cables: US yes, UK no
----
''If you get one with a headphone jack that is a plus but you can get inexpensive USB headphones nowadays.
You will find that POIs are a real benefit.''
!Can I hack my device?
In many cases you can hack the device. What that means is that you make the underlying WindowsCe software available via a new menu option that is loaded when you switch on. If your unit does not have a media player, you can usually enable it that way. If you do a backup of the software on the device when you first set it up, you can't do any harm. Just delete everything and reinstall your original copy. Remember to do a hard reset.
!useful sites
|pocketgpsworld|http://www.pocketgpsworld.com/menu.php|
|Maps|http://www.pda4x.com/|
|POIs|http://www.poiplaza.com/|
!GPS devices
[[Navigo SY885]]
!Plan a Route
|AAA travel|http://www.theaa.com/travelwatch/planner_main.jsp|
!Hire a car
|Enterprise|http://www.enterprise.com|
Class A Mini Ford Ka or similar £ 16.35 GBP / day
Class B Economy Chevy Aveo or similar £ 16.69 GBP / day
|Jowetts|http://autohireatjowetts.co.uk/?p=Home&s=Prices|0191 413 0070|
£15 a day for 3 days or more - 1.0 Micra.
!Live
https://www.centralcarauctions.com/vehicles/live-auction-streaming
!Local
https://www.british-car-auctions.co.uk/ - 0191 270 0077
https://www.british-car-auctions.co.uk/Auction-centres/Newcastle/
[[Catalogues|https://auctionview.british-car-auctions.co.uk/Buyer/FacetedSearch/SaleCatalogue]]
!Damaged - parts
http://www.asm-autos.co.uk/
!Reviews and prices
https://www.whatcar.com/used-reviews/
https://www.rac.co.uk/drive/car-reviews
https://www.parkers.co.uk - original price and used prices
https://www.honestjohn.co.uk/
https://www.carfolio.com
https://www.theaa.com/used-cars/reviews/ - user reviews
!Check status
https://cartaxcheck.co.uk/
https://www.hpi.co.uk/
!Replacement estimates
https://repairpal.com/estimator/ford/fiesta/
http://www.howacarworks.com
http://www.carbasics.co.uk/how_index.htm
http://www.carbasics.co.uk/blog/category/car-parts-guides/general-car-parts-guide/general-diy-guides/
If your spouse or civil partner or another close member of family over the age of 60 is still living in the house, the property cannot be sold to pay for your care home fees. So if an elderly daughter or sister has moved in as a carer this could help reduce future care costs. In addition, it should also be disregarded if care needs are classified as ‘temporary’.
Couples may be able to permanently remove the property from the local authority’s clutches by changing ownership to ‘tenants in common.’ This allows both partners to leave his or her half share to other beneficiaries such as children or grandchildren or putting the half share into trust. If either subsequently needs long term care, the other is entitled to remain in the property. On the death of the first partner, should the survivor subsequently need full time care, the property may be valued at nil, since one half is owned by the beneficiaries and nobody will want to buy half a house. At worst just half its value will be taken into consideration when assessing your ability to pay.
Argan oil (great for dry, aging, oily, normal, or acne-prone skin)
Jojoba oil (great for dry, aging, oily, normal, or acne-prone skin)
Apricot kernel oil (great for any skin type, but especially good for normal, dry, and aging skin)
Sweet almond oil (just an all-around great facial oil, but it takes a bit longer to “sink in” than the first two)
Grapeseed oil (great for normal, oily, or acne-prone skin)
Avocado oil (great for dry and aging skin)
Hemp seed oil (great for any skin type, also very light)
[[Fixing to Masonry and Concrete]]
----
http://www.diynot.com/wiki/plastering_and_rendering
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCFWJXburDj2OoeNw2TrouIA
https://www.thisoldhouse.com/how-to/how-to-resurface-worn-concrete
----
!Materials: Concrete and mortar mixes
*''Plaster'' from Gypsum crystals is softest and is used as a finish because it can be sanded and moulded.
*''Mortar'' for brickwork.
Mortar is a workable paste used to bind construction blocks together and fill the gaps between them. When mortar is mixed properly the trowel should stand upright in the mixture
*''Cement'' is the glue that binds the aggregates of sand and stone to make concrete.
''Portland cement'' consists of lime, silica, alumina, iron, and gypsum. Portland cement comes in 50 and 100 pound bags and is what is generally used for modern day cement.
*''Concrete'' is a mixture of cement, sand and gravel. (Cement is the glue of concrete.)
!Sand
http://wiki.diyfaq.org.uk/index.php/Sand
----
Sharp Sand, also known as Concrete Sand is a coarse sand with larger particles. This type of sand is typically used in concrete.
Builder's Sand, also known as Plasterer's, Mason, or Bricklayer's Sand is a finer grade sand with smaller particles. It's often mixed with water and cement to make mortar for laying bricks/blocks.
Jointing Sand, also known as Beach Sand is very fine sand with very small particles. This type of sand is used for grouting joints in paving or patio slabs.
!Lime
''Lime'' (quicklime) mixed with volcanic ash was used in ancient times. Lime mortar is a type of mortar composed of lime and an aggregate such as sand, mixed with water. It is one of the oldest known types of mortar, dating back to the 4th century BC and widely used in Ancient Rome and Greece, when it largely replaced the clay and gypsum mortars common to Ancient Egyptian construction. Lime mortar is primarily used in the restoration of buildings originally built using lime mortar, but may be used as an alternative to ordinary portland cement. It is made principally of lime (hydraulic, or non hydraulic), water and an aggregate such as sand.
Lime mortar is considered breathable in that it will allow moisture to freely move through it and evaporate from its surface. In old buildings with walls that shift over time, there are often cracks which allow rain water into the structure. The lime mortar allows this moisture to escape through evaporation and keeps the wall dry.
----
The following mixes give the ratio of cement, lime, sand and coarse aggregate for different types of concrete and mortar mixes used in DIY. The proportion indicates the ratio by volume, usually a shovel-load. However, if greater accuracy is required in the mixing to maintain the strength or colour throughout then it is best to use a bucket to measure out the quantities. In some of the mixes below we have included lime, but you can replace this with a plasticiser if you prefer.
!!General-purpose mortar for laying bricks, blocks and pointing: This is the mortar most often used by home owners.
1 cement
1 lime
5 builder's sand
Mix with water to produce a consistency that allows the mortar to stick to a trowel when turned upside down
!!For laying paving stones and patio slabs:
1 cement
4 sharp sand
Mix with water to produce a consistency that is stiffer than the general-purpose mortar above
!!Concrete for foundations for an extension:
1 cement
2.5 sharp sand
3.5 coarse aggregate
Mix with water to produce a consistency that pours easily
!!Concrete foundations for garden walls:
1 cement
5 ballast
Mix with water to produce a consistency that pours easily
!!General purpose concrete for a base for slabs or a garden shed:
1 cement
2 sharp sand
3 coarse aggregate
Mix with water to produce a consistency that should pour easily
!!Alternatively, another general-purpose concrete mix is:
1 cement
4 ballast
Mix with water to produce a consistency that should pour easily
!!Render mix for an undercoat for plaster or an exterior coating:
1 cement
1 lime
6 plasterer's sand
Mix with water to produce a consistency that allows the mortar to stick to a trowel when turned upside down
Sources: http://www.lets-do-diy.com/Projects-and-advice/Concrete-work/Mixing-concrete-and-mortar.aspx
http://construction.about.com/od/Masonry/a/Mortar-Mix-Mortar-Types.htm
!Mortar mixes
Source: http://construction.about.com/od/Masonry/a/Mortar-Mix-Mortar-Types.htm
Mortar mixes are classified based on compressive strength and their bonding properties and flexibility. These are two very important characteristics of mortars, because they will hold and provide the strength on masonry units. Mortars are often ordered based on compressive strength; but even more important properties are bond strength and flexibility. Each mortar mix has a specific Portland cement , hydrated lime and sand proportions referred to volumes. However, the mortar mix is usually purchased by weight but they measured differently. Choosing a mortar mix is not an exercise based only on the resistance and strength of each mortar, it must depend on its use, adhesion and sealing requirements.
!!Mixing Mortar Procedure
* Use a dry bucket to measure out the materials
* Is always a good idea to pre-wet mortar containers before filling with fresh mortar.
* Prepare a flat solid surface where mortar could be mixed. A good solid surface is recommended to reduce water being absorbed by the mortar mix.
* Add 3 parts sand and 1 part masonry cement . If the wall is going to be exposed to lots of wind and rain you'll need the mix to be stronger, so use 1 part cement to 1/2 part lime and 4 parts sand.
* Add two gallons of water on top of the mixture or inside the wheel borrow.
* If you are mixing mortar manually, be sure to fold the mortar mix, from the bottom into the water. Keep mixing until the water is mixed.
* Once that the water has been mixed, add another gallon of water and keep mixing.
* Keep adding water until the mortar attains a smooth consistency.
* You'll know that your mortar is ready when it's wet enough to slip easily off the shovel, but hold its shape if you make a hollow in the mix.
!Prices and suppliers
http://www.wickes.co.uk/building-materials/cement-mortar+aggregates/icat/cementmortar/icat/cementbbas2013q3sp
*Cement additives
http://www.wickes.co.uk/cement-mortar+aggregates/cement-dyes+additives/icat/cmcementadd/
!Tutorials
http://www.wikihow.com/Category:Concrete
http://www.familyhandyman.com/masonry/pouring-concrete/how-to-properly-mix-concrete/view-all
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement_render
http://m.wikihow.com/Adhere-Concrete-to-Concrete
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/property/3297282/How-to.-.-.-hang-a-door.html
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/property/3297570/How-to-.-.-.-fix-a-new-mortice-lock-in-a-door.html
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/property/3303087/How-to-.-.-.-put-up-new-guttering.html
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/property/3305058/How-to-.-.-.-re-point-brickwork.html
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/property/3305786/How-to-.-.-.-two-coat-render-a-wall.html
!Patching Cracks in Concrete
The technique for patching cracks will depend on the size of the crack.
*Narrow Cracks
Remove any loose debris from the crack and surrounding area with a wire brush and broom.
Narrow cracks can be filled with a masonry crack filler that comes in a cartridge designed to be used in a caulking gun. Or you can fill the cracks with a vinyl concrete patching compound applied and smoothed with a putty knife. Vinyl concrete patching compound does not require the use of a bonding agent.
*Wide Cracks
Use a small sledge hammer and chisel to undercut the edges of the crack as illustrated at right. Undercutting the crack makes it wider at the base than at the surface, providing a mechanical method of "keying" the patch in place for a more secure and permanent repair.
Clean the area in and around the crack with a wire brush and broom. Wash the area with a stream of water.
Mix vinyl patching compound as directed by the manufacturer and trowel the compound into the cracks. Tamp the mixture to remove air pockets. If you use patching mortar instead of vinyl patching compound, either mix it with bonding agent instead of water or coat the edges of the surface to be repaired with bonding agent.
Smooth the mixture with the trowel.
When the patch has set (see manufacturer's instructions for the patch compound you are using), smooth or brush the surface to match the surrounding area.
*Seal the Patch and Concrete
After patching the concrete, it's a good idea to seal it. Concrete easily absorbs stains, and sealing will prevent that. There are more than a few products available for concrete sealing, but a heavy-duty water-based polyurethane is a good choice. If the floor has a rough finish, apply the polyurethane with a broom or brush using the bristles to work the sealer into the rough surface. With a smooth surface use a roller.
The beauty of water-based polyurethane is that it dries quickly, so you can put on a second coat just a few hours after the first. Also, water-based polyurethanes don't smell as bad as other types of sealer. In heavy traffic areas, it's a good idea to apply three or four coats.
http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/tech/fix/?id=chainfit
It depends on whether you are using a Shimano or SRAM system! If it is a Shimano - big front, small rear, deraileur vertical like in this video.
<html><body>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/bsU2nEf2Tpc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</body></html>
http://www.moneysavingexpert.com/phones/home-phone-calls#step1
http://www.moneysavingexpert.com/phones/0870-say-no
http://www.saynoto0870.com/search.php
----
!Phone from a Landline to
!!China
''http://www.briing.com/cheap-calls/china.php''
----
*China ''Landline 1 p/min'' Simply dial: ''084 3253 5353'' Then enter China destination number (including 00 86)
*China ''Mobile 1 p/min'' Simply dial:084 3253 5353 Then enter China destination number (including 00 86)
----
''http://www.call18866.co.uk/rates.php''
----
*China ''Landline 1p/m''
*China ''mobile 3p/m''
----
!Phone from a Mobile to
!!China
''http://www.talkmobile.co.uk/pay_as_you_go.html''
----
*Calls to Landlines 7p
*Calls to Mobiles 7p
*Texts (SMS) 10p
----
!Text via Internet SMS to
!!China
18866
----
5p
----
!Text via Mobile to
!!China
[[Mobile Phone PAYG]]
[[Goats Cheese]]
[[Crème fraiche]]
http://www.metatube.net/search.php
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OyifGWljXqY
http://cheeseforum.org/default.htm
----
90F/32C (lukewarm)
190F = just before boiling
----
!Basic ingredients
one gallon freshest milk (the fewer bacteria present, the more predictable the cheese) heated to nearly boiling point for quick cheese recipes and 30 C for slower cheese
1/2 cup of cultured buttermilk (or 1/3rd cup yogurt ) as a starter
1/4 tablet rennet or lemon juice or white vinegar to curdle
Add salt to taste and maybe any suitable herbs
!!Starter cultures
The two basic categories of cheese starter culture used in cheesemaking are mesophilic and thermophilic cultures.
*A mesophilic (moderate temperature-loving) culture is used in cheese where the curds are not warmed to over 102! F. during cooking.
Sour cream, buttermilk, and fresh starter culture (mesophilic) produces a variety of soft cheeses and contains extra flavor-producing bacteria.
*A thermophilic (heat-loving) culture is used in cheeses in which the curd is cooked at temperatures up to 132 F. The bacteria thrive at high temperatures.
!!Coagulation
When milk has ripened for the proper length of time for the cheese you plan to make, and it is still at the right ripening temperature (85! to 90! F.), it is
time to add rennet. Rennet usually works most efficiently at 104 F
!Junket
570ml (1 pint) Full Cream Milk
2 tsp Brandy or Rum (optional)
1 tbsp Sugar
1 tsp Rennet
Cinnamon, to taste
Grated Nutmeg, to taste
Place the milk in saucepan with sugar and warm gently to blood heat.
Stir to dissolve sugar.
Remove pan from heat, add the brandy or rum (If used).
Pour into a serving dish.
Stir in rennet and set aside to set at room temperature for 2 hours.
When set add on cinnamon and nutmeg then chill in fridge.
Serve with sugar to taste and sweetened whipped cream.
!Basic Cottage Cheese
Ingredients:
1 gallon milk
1/2 cup vinegar
1 tsp salt
1. Heat the milk to 190F. You will need a thermometer for other cheeses but you can get by here turning off the heat just before the milk begins to boil.
2. Add the vinegar and allow the mixture to cool.
3. When cool, pour the mixture, (which now consists of curds and whey as in Miss Muffet food) into a colander and drain off the whey.
4. Pour the curds into a bowl and sprinkle on the salt and mix well. You may wish to use less salt or more. It is simply a matter of taste which is the next step. You can add a little cream for a silky texture.
http://schmidling.com/making.htm
!Soft cheese (cream cheese style)
* 5 quarts whole milk
* 1/3 cup buttermilk
* 2 tablespoons diluted rennet (dilution is 3 drops of liquid rennet into 1/3 cup of cool water)
Warm the milk to 80 degrees F. Stir in the buttermilk, mix well and add the dilute rennet solution. Stir well, cover and allow to set at room temperature for eight to 12 hours. The cheese is ready when it is thick.
Line a large bowl with a cloth and hang to drain for six to eight hours. Draining can be speeded up if you take the bag of curds down and scrape them from the outside of the bag to the center. The cheese is drained when it has stopped dripping and has the consistency of cream cheese. This cheese will freeze for several months. Makes 1-1/2 to 2 pounds.
Note: Cheesecloth won't drain this type of cheese. You must use a muslin-type cheesecloth or case cloth, as I like to call it. Case cloth is simply an old pillow case with the seams opened up to make a large square of cloth. It can be washed out in hot, soapy bleach water and reused until the cloth wears out. Shoelaces will work for hanging the cheese to drain. You can use this cheese as a substitute for cream cheese. We like to mix in herbs and spices and make cheeseballs. Because this cheese is so versatile and easy to make, I recommend it as one of the first cheeses for the beginner.
http://www.thefarm.org/charities/i4at/countrylife/cheese.html
!Cheddar cheese
http://www.milkfacts.info/Milk%20Processing/Cheese%20Production.htm
* 2 gallons milk
* 1/2 cup cultured buttermilk or substitute (see list below)
* 1 tsp. liquid rennet or 1/2 rennet tablet
* 1/2 cup cool water
* 4 teaspoons salt
In a large stainless or enamel pot, warm the milk to 88 degrees F and stir in buttermilk or other culture (see below). Allow the milk to set to ripen for one hour. Keep the milk warm at 88 degrees F during this time. This can easily be done by placing the milk in a sink full of warm or hot water. Cool or hot water can be added as needed.
After one hour, mix the rennet in cool water and stir into the milk for 30 seconds. Maintain the temperature at 88 degrees F for 45 minutes to coagulate the milk. The curd is ready to cut when you dip your finger into the curds and they break cleanly over your finger as whey fills the depression.
Cut the curds into 1/2-inch cubes and let them rest for 20 minutes, then gently stir them while increasing temperature to 98 degrees F. Increase heat very slowly over a 30-minute period. This process is called cooking the curds. Stir often to prevent the curds from matting together. Keep at 98 degrees F until the curds have firmed up enough where they feel spongy when gently squeezed between your fingers and no longer have a custard-like interior. This will usually take 30 to 45 minutes.
Let the curds settle to the bottom of the pot and carefully pour off some of the whey. Pour remaining curds and whey into a colander and allow to drain for 10 minutes. Place the curds back into the pot and stir in four teaspoons of salt. Mix well, breaking up any curds that have matted together. Keep the curds warm in the pot in a sink full of hot water for one hour. Stir often to keep the curds from matting.
Line a cheese press with cheesecloth, scoop curds into the press and fold over any excess cheesecloth. Place a wood follower on top of that and press at 15 pounds pressure for 20 minutes. Remove the cheese from the press, turn over and redress onto another clean cheesecloth and press at 30 pounds pressure for two hours. Remove cheese from press, redress in a clean cheesecloth and press at 30 to 40 pounds overnight.
In the morning, remove the cheese from the press and allow to air dry several days until the cheese is dry to the touch. Turn several times a day while it is drying. Coat with cheese wax when the cheese is dry to the touch. Age at 55 degrees F for two to six months, depending on how strong you like the cheese. Really good cheddar is aged for 12 months or more. Culture substitutions: You can use 1/4 teaspoon mesophilic DVI (direct vat inoculant) or 1/2 regular mesophilic culture in place of buttermilk.
!Penne with gorgonzola, walnuts and sage
Supper in 10 minutes: what more could anyone ask on a chilly autumn night? The flavour here is deliberately mild and soothing. The pasta coheres gently with the sauce rather than swims in it. I usually make a chicory salad for afterwards, something crisp and slightly bitter. Even then, all I want to do is to drop off to sleep when I’ve eaten it. That’s what creamy pasta recipes are for.
serves 2
''Ingredients''
300g penne or other small tubular pasta
creamy gorgonzola - about 300g
walnuts - a dozen or more, freshly shelled
a few sage leaves, about six will do
''Preparation''
Put the pasta on to cook in a deep pan of generously salted boiling water. Test it throughout the cooking, but it should be ready after about 9 minutes. I like my pasta to have a bit of bite. Drain the penne in a colander, reserving a couple of tablespoonfuls of the cooking water. Put the empty pan immediately back on the stove and turn down the heat to low. Add the cheese and the reserved cooking water, then stir for a minute or less till the cheese starts to melt and you have an impromptu sauce. Tip the pasta back into the pan with the walnuts and sage leaves, then tip onto warm plates.
----
[[Probiotics]]
Chia is edible seed of Salvia hispanica, flowering plant in the mint family native to Central America, as well as the related Salvia columbariae of southwest United States and Mexico. Wikipedia
Energy: 486 Calories (per 100 g)
Protein: 16.5 g (per 100 g)
Iron: 7.7 mg (per 100 g)
Fat: 30.7 g (per 100 g)
Dietary fiber: 34.4 g (per 100 g)
Vitamin c: 1.6 mg (per 100 g)
!Chia smoothies
To make a green chia smoothie, blend 2 cups of spinach, 1.5 cups of water, and 2 tablespoons of chia seeds. Then add one peeled orange, a cup of strawberries, and a cup of frozen blueberries and blend again.
Chinese chicken
Serves 4
21 November 2004
4 chicken breast fillets
11/2tsp sea salt
21/2tsp Chinese five-spice powder
1tbs peanut oil
Sprinkle both sides of the chicken with the salt and five-spice powder. Heat the oil in a frying pan over high heat. Place the chicken in the pan and cook for 4 minutes each side or until cooked through. Cut into pieces and serve with steamed snow peas (mange tout) tossed in hoisin sauce.
Chicken patties with (or without) gorgonzola and rosemary
There are two possibilities here. Either serve the patties as they are, dry-fried in a non-stick pan till golden (in which case serve them with quarters of lemon) or stuff them with blue cheese and bake them instead. Whether you take the simple or the rich route, you end up with the most savoury little ‘burgers’ imaginable.
serves 3-4
a medium onion
garlic - 2 cloves
butter - 25g
cubed pancetta - 100g
rosemary - 3 bushy sprigs
minced chicken
for the optional stuffing:
gorgonzola - 75g
chicken stock - 250ml
Peel the onion and garlic and chop finely, then let them soften and colour lightly in the butter. Stir in the small cubes of pancetta. Strip the rosemary leaves from their stalks, chop finely then add them to the onion mixture, letting them cook for a few minutes till coloured. Let the mixture cool a little.
Add the minced chicken and season generously with black pepper and a little salt (the pancetta and gorgonzola will both contribute to the seasoning). Set the oven at 190 c/gas 5. Now, to make the simple patty, shape the mixture into six little burgers, about the size of a digestive biscuit, leave to settle for half an hour, then fry in a non-stick pan for 4 or 5 minutes each side and serve with lemon. Or, if you want something richer, make the stuffed patties.
Take a heaped tablespoon of the chicken mixture and push a hollow in it with your thumb. Tip a heaped teaspoon of cheese into the hollow then cover it with a second tablespoon of chicken mixture. Squash gently to form a patty and place on a baking sheet. Continue with this till you have used up the mixture - you will have about six - then refrigerate for 20-30 minutes.
Heat up a non-stick frying pan. When hot, brown the patties on both sides, a matter of three minutes on each, then transfer them to an oven-proof dish. Pour in the stock and bake for 25-30 minutes, till the patties are sizzling and the stock is bubbling. Serve two to three patties per person and spoon over some of the hot chicken stock.
When Susan Goodman placed an ad in local newspapers asking people to send her their childhood recollections of the Second World War, she was overwhelmed by the response. Now she has collected these stories in a remarkable book. This exclusive extract describes the terror of the Blitz and the evacuee experience.
by SUSAN GOODMAN, You Magazine
femail.co.uk - 4th April 2005
Under attack
The constant anxiety of being at risk from attack from the air caused untold stress. There were few places, however remote, which were free from the menace of droning planes or random bombs.
The first, most terrifying raid on London occurred on the night of the 29th December 1940. Judy was ten at the time and remembers it as the moment she first began to question the random nature of survival amidst all the destruction.
"I can still hear the screaming bombs and the Anderson rattling as they rained down on us. Hundreds of German bombers droned over, setting the city on fire. The scene that met us the next morning when we finally saw the light of day was horrendous.
"We felt as though we were standing in the middle of hell. Fires were raging all around us, and I could see bodies smouldering among the rubble of houses.
"The top part of our house had been completely demolished and yet my mother's beautiful ebony piano was still intact under the blankets she had covered it with. I wondered why the God that my mother was always praying to had taken our neighbours? lives but left a piano."
Every raid left new damage. Nowhere, not even a corner shop, could be taken for granted. Dan, aged 13, remembers the bombing as both terrifying and exciting.
"Shelter hopping during an air raid warning on the way to school and watching the fighter planes high in a cloudless sky was a macho thing to do.
"I went out one morning after particularly heavy bombing and discovered that my much patronised neighbourhood sweet shop had been almost totally destroyed. All that was left was the end of the wall and on the shelves of that wall, miraculously untouched, were all the large jars of sweets. Even to this day I have a strong visual memory of those exposed sweet jars."
Many adventurous children, not able to grasp the danger, revelled in all the fuss long past their bedtime.
"Air raids were exciting," June from Kent recalls. "They disrupted the ordinariness of everyday life. You never knew whether you would be spending the night in your bed, in the air raid shelter or under the dining room table!
"I used to lie in my bed and pray for an air raid so that we could go down to the shelter and have hot drinks and buttered toast in the middle of the night. What a treat!"
But for others the noise and the fear of death had lasting effects. Rose was eight in 1939 and living with her parents in a house at Eton College. Her mother would drag her under the grand piano and read her poetry during an air raid.
"There was a pervading sense of fear. I still react when I hear a siren, and I have never forgotten being woken from a nightmare where I was being pursued by motorcycles backfiring (the deafening ack-ack guns frightened her most).
"I was also very aware of the sudden change of lifestyle as I watched my mother struggling to run the house and feed the boys."
Evacuation
The removal of children from the danger of their city homes to the safety of the countryside at a young, impressionable age was bound to be an emotional experience. Whatever their experience with their new families, enriching or unhappy, it stayed with them for the rest of their lives.
Many evacuations were successful, greatly broadening a child's experience. Wendy discovered a life long love of the country when, aged six, she and her mother relocated from Liverpool to a rented cottage in North Wales.
"No electricity, no running water, make do and mend at every turn, water fetched from a spring in the field, loo down the garden and such freedom! I left the city at the first opportunity and have lived in the country ever since."
But for others it was a miserable time. Eva was 12 when she was evacuated from East London with her older sister to Norfolk. They ended up in the village church hall and were eventually paired off with an older, childless couple.
"The man was awful and I hated him. We were given awful food and when my parents came to visit they wouldn't even let them come in the house and made them stand outside. They confiscated food and sweet parcels sent to us by our parents and they were really most unkind.
"I remember sometimes I got so desperate that I walked down to the main road and sat on the kerb and tried to stop anyone in a car to give me a lift home."
In every large city children were taken to school with their gas masks and boarded buses for the country. Often, their parents had no idea where they would end up and one can only guess at the feelings of parents as they waved goodbye, praying they had made the right decision and that their children would be safe.
Kate was just four when she left London. "I clearly remember my grandfather putting me on a bus. I had a luggage label tied onto my coat and a small toy attaché case with a doll and a square of pink silk that I used to wrap her in. I had no idea what was happening."
Minnie, aged 12, was evacuated with her younger brother from London to the south coast. The children's parting from their widowed mother made an indelible impression.
"I vividly remember my mother's sadness. She had lost our father only two years before, so she had no one to advise her as to whether she was doing the right thing. She saw us off that Sunday morning with our gas masks, labels tied to our coats and our small cases, no knowing where we were going."
Arrival at whatever town or village meant more herding and waiting until a billet with a local householder could be arranged. So we must picture these same children, by now thoroughly exhausted and bedraggled, waiting to be picked out by someone who wanted them.
Phyllis who was 12 says that her 14 year old sister "was rather skinny and did not look too strong. I was a plump and pretty child. They came over to choose me but they did not want my sister. We told them that we could not be separated. Unfortunately we were left until the very end".
In agricultural areas, strapping lads were quickly snapped up by local farmers looking for an extra pair of hands. Older girls were required to do all the housework. Many were badly treated.
May was taken to a small village in Lancashire by her father when she was nine. "After the long journey up north my dad seemed pleased with the room I had been given and he left me there, bewildered and tearful. Once he had gone on his way I was made to sleep in a cold attic with a camp bed and bare boards.
"Then I became aware of a lack of food. I stole some from the larder and ate the crusts that were put out for birds. As winter set in I had to wear all my clothes at once to keep from freezing. I was plagued with chilblains and suffered from bullying from the local children.
"When they taunted me for my London accent, I had to chant to myself the dialect of Lancashire."
When May's parents came to visit, although they were hardly left alone with her, they suspected that she was miserable and decided to take her home. But when she got home her bad memories turned into terrible nightmares, which persisted well into middle age.
Rose, aged nine, came from a large family in a teeming industrial area of Clydeside and was evacuated to a remote village in the surrounding countryside.
"I had to peel at least a bucket of potatoes a day. I was not allowed into the woman's house alone. She liked me to comb her hair and I had to cut her corns, which I hated.
"Sometimes my Dad came to visit and he gave me pocket money. When it got too much I got my money out of the jar and left. I walked two and a half miles to the bus and found my way back home. I had been away over four years."
Family life
The family was the bedrock that underpinned nearly every child's experience during those six unsettling years - through the evacuations, wailing sirens, shortages and the proximity of death.
For children crouched in an air-raid shelter dreading what sights the morning would bring, it was mums and dads and other relatives who counted. Most people who were then children believe that, whatever their circumstances, the strength and resilience of family life were paramount.
A boy of seven from South London who was evacuated to Sussex for nearly four years said, "All that time, I never worried about my parents. I knew they would be all right - they were invincible. And I knew that deep down they were always there for me."
Family reunions in wartime had a special poignancy. Mary was sent to stay with distant relatives and cried herself to sleep most nights.
When her parents brought her back to Newcastle her relief was such that she never forgot it. She willingly put up with the frightening air raids because the "family was together and happy".
For most reunited families the joys of picking up the threads of home life were immense. But for children who were long-term evacuees, reunion could be a more complex matter.
"I never really settled," one man admitted. He added that it was his personal belief from what he had observed that long-term evacuees tended to become adults who bottled up emotions and had difficulty forming close relationships.
Possibly a watchful, self-protective armour had become ingrained. Brothers and sisters who had stayed at home, or who had been born during the war were also strangers to the returning evacuee.
The reunion could also be hard on parents, who easily resented the affection their child had developed for a foster parent or a different way of life.
With a war on, the inevitable strains and bickering of family life were less important than before and families did their best to support one another. Tragedy lurked everywhere and few families were immune from the risk of sudden death.
Peter was a schoolboy who worked delivering telegrams during the Christmas holidays of 1941. "I delivered a total of ninety-five telegrams in five days. I could tell immediately from the face of a recipient that some of them clearly brought the dreaded news of a husband or loved one. The expression on their faces said it all."
And as the war eventually came to an end many children were faced with a returning father they scarcely recognised. During those six long years, the lives of many husbands and wives, parents and children had changed and grown apart.
For all the joyful celebrations, there were hard knocks in store. Many children remember their fathers' homecoming as extremely exciting, and sometimes bittersweet. One woman recalled how she had been sent to the station at the age of nine to meet her father because her mother, felled by the emotion, preferred to stay at home.
She had only seen him two or three times in six years and when a tall man in a khaki uniform stood in front of her on the platform and said "I'm Daddy," she did as she had been taught and put out her hand.
This unsatisfactory meeting was the beginning of a difficult relationship, "Perhaps it would have been the case, or perhaps my father's absence during those years made it worse, there is no way of knowing.
But I was a spirited child and deeply resented suddenly having this father ordering me about. After one of my many battles with my father soon after the war, I vividly remember overhearing my mother saying to him wearily, "oh do please stop treating us like the fourteenth army".
It is fitting that a girl whose father was one of the last serviceman to return has the final words on homecoming of a child of war: "As the eldest, I remembered my father very well, though inevitably my two little brothers did not. The first phone call after he had landed in Southampton after nearly four years, was very special. We brought flags to celebrate his return home and all the neighbours decorated their houses too. Looking back at the photos of that time, his face was very gaunt and he was very thin. But I don?t think I noticed that. He was Daddy - and he was home."
Children of War - The Second World War Through the Eyes of a Generation by Susan Goodman is published by John Murray on the 21st March at £20. Offer price. The Children's War - a major exhibition to mark the 60th anniversary of VE day will open at the Imperial War Museum in London on Friday. Tel: 020 74165320
Find this story at:
http://www.femail.co.uk/pages/standard/article.html?in_article_id=340999&in_page_id=25
©2005 Associated New Media
!Vegetarian chilli
''Ingredients''
4-6 portions rice
''For the sauce''
175g/6oz green lentils
2 tbsp sunflower oil
1 large onion, chopped
1-2 cloves garlic, crushed
1-2 tsp chilli powder
1 tsp cumin seeds
1 red and 1 green pepper, stalk and seeds removed, and chopped
2 carrots, peeled and chopped
2 x 400g/14oz cans chopped tomatoes
1 heaped tbsp tomato purée
300ml/½ pint vegetable stock
100g/4oz frozen peas
175g/6oz mushrooms, wiped and quartered
1 courgette, chopped
salt and freshly ground black pepper
1 can kidney beans, drained and cooked
''Preparation method''
Place the green lentils in a large bowl and pour boiling water over them. Leave to soak for 30 minutes. (Alternatively, buy a tin of pre soaked lentils.) Drain.
Heat the oil in a large saucepan and fry the onion and garlic together with the chilli and cumin, about ten minutes or until the onions are soft.
Add the peppers, carrots and drained green lentils and cook for five minutes, stirring all the time. Add the tomatoes, purée, stock and peas, bring to the boil and simmer until the lentils are tender (about 30 minutes). Add the mushrooms and courgettes and simmer for five minutes more. Season to taste.
Add the cooked kidney beans and simmer for five more minutes.
Serve with cooked rice.
http://www.travelchinaguide.com/
http://www.seat61.com/China.htm
http://www.travellerspoint.com/
www.wendywutours.co.uk
舒服 shūfu: comfortable, feeling well - Wǒ jīntiān bù shūfu
!Chinese songs and singers
!!Qi Yu or yu chyi
*Olive Tree
<html>
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</html>
or a better recording - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HrjQmZ8t8nQ&feature=related
<html><body>
<img src="http://media.mercola.com/assets/images/infographic/cholesterol-levels-infographic.png" alt="cholesterol levels infographic" border="0" style="max-width:100%; min-width:300px; margin: 0 auto 20px auto; display:block;" /><p style="max-width:800px; min-width:300px; margin:0 auto; text-align:center;"></body></html>
!Food that lower cholesterol
The following list are specific foods known to help cleanse cholesterol build-up in the arteries and heart. This is due to their high levels of fiber, Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Lecithin, Vitamin E, C, Niacin and Rutin.
!!Soluble fiber
Five to 10 grams or more of soluble fiber a day decreases your total and LDL cholesterol. ''Gel-forming'' fibers (e.g., psyllium, β-glucan) are the only type that works
*Oatmeal: Eating 1 1/2 cups of cooked oatmeal provides 6 grams of fiber. If you add fruit, such as bananas, you'll add about 4 more grams of fiber.
*Guar gum
May help people with diabetes by slowing the absorption of sugars by the small intestine. Although the rate of absorption is reduced, the amount of sugar absorbed is the same overall. This may help diabetic patients by moderating glucose "spikes".
Fasting blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c decreased significantly during the guar-gum diet, whereas the diurnal glucose profile was unchanged. In addition, serum low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol decreased by 20% and the ratio of LDL cholesterol to high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol by 28% during guar-gum therapy.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1442657
!!Legumes
beans, lentils, tofu, tempeh, mung and soybeans and their sprouts. (Non-GMO)
!!Whole Grains
buckwheat, rye, amaranth, quinoa rice, and sprouted hard winter wheat.
!!Vegetables
radish, horseradish, hot peppers, onions, garlic, leek, scallion, shallot, chive, leafy greens, cabbage, spinach, carrot greens, kale, broccoli, parsley, asparagus, bell pepper, celery, sea vegetables, cucumber, chlorella, mushrooms.
!!Fruits
citrus, tomato, rose hip, banana, and persimmon.
!!Nuts and Seeds
Almonds, hazelnut, flax seed, chia seed, pumpkin seed, poppy seed, walnut, sunflower sprouts.
!!Fish
sardine, salmon, mackerel, and deep/cold-water fish.
!!Raw honey and Bee Pollen
!!Herbs
Hawthorne berry, dandelion root, burdock root, chaparral, peppermint (for heart palpitations and strengthening heart muscle), cayenne pepper, ginger, rhubarb root, yarrow, chamomile, motherwort, valerian.
!!Oils
Naturally you will want to avoid the so-called “bad saturated fats” and focus on getting a balance of the “good fats”, such as the Omega-9, Olive, Hazelnut, Almond and Sesame oils; and the Omega-3 and 6, Walnut and Grapeseed oils.
It has been proven that a balanced intake of Omega-3 and 6 oils along with high levels of Omega-9 significantly reduce the risk of dying from a cardiovascular related disease.
!!Supplements
http://www.healthmonthly.co.uk/swanson_traditional_red_yeast_rice
!Grilled chorizo with almonds, sherry vinegar and spring cabbage
Serves 4 as a main course
a medium-sized spring cabbage
8 chorizo sausages, about 80g-90g each
skinned almonds - 75g
for the dressing:
sherry vinegar - 1 tbs
olive oil - 3 tbs
Clean the cabbage, breaking off the leaves and discarding any that are not in good condition. Cut the chorizo sausages in half lengthways.
Toast the almonds in a non-stick pan until they are golden. Salt them lightly. Heat a shallow pan of boiling water for the cabbage. Put the sausages on the grill (or in a hot griddle pan), cut-side down, and cook till they are lightly crisp.
Plunge the cabbage into the boiling, lightly salted water. Leave for a couple of minutes till tender and jewel-bright in colour. Mix the sherry vinegar and olive oil, season lightly with salt and black pepper. Drain the cabbage and toss in the dressing.
Divide the dressed cabbage between four plates, then add the grilled chorizo and almonds.
!Christina Rosetti - some websites
http://falcon.jmu.edu/~ramseyil/rossetti.htm
http://www.scholars.nus.edu.sg/landow/victorian/authors/crossetti/rossetti2.html
The Longing for Motherhood nd the Concept of Infertility in the Poetry of Christina Rossetti
http://www.scholars.nus.edu.sg/victorian/authors/crossetti/touche1.html
Interesting analysis that links its points of view to particular poems
Poetry collection
http://celtic.benderweb.net/cr/index.html
A long list
http://www.englishonline.co.uk/freesite_tour/resource/literature/rossettititles.html
Nice painintgs
http://faculty.pittstate.edu/~knichols/chris.html
Excellent site covering all aspects of her poetry and life
http://www.victorianweb.org/authors/crossetti/crov.html
http://www.victorianweb.org/authors/crossetti/harrison2/1.html
!Her writing style
Nearly a year before the 1862 issuance of Christina Rossetti's Goblin Market and other Poems, no less a respected critic than John Ruskin pronounced her work unpublishable. Her poems, he wrote, "are full of beauty and power but so full are they of quaintnesses and offences" that "no publisher... would take them." The unusual rhyme schemes and metrical irregularity of pieces like "Goblin Market" and "The Convent Threshold" were particularly disturbing to Ruskin, and he advised that, before she attempt to place her verses before an audience, Rossetti "exercise herself in the severest commonplace of metre until she can write as the public like. Then, if she puts in her observation and passion all will become precious. But she must have the Form first"
+++*[Literature Biography]
http://www.bartleby.com/223/0512.html
The first number of The Germ published by Dante Gabriel Rossetti (1828-1882) contained, as well as Rossetti’s My Sister’s Sleep, a sonnet by his brother William Michael and two lyrics by his sister Christina Georgina Rossetti. Christina, born in 1830, produced her earlier work under the pseudonym Ellen Alleyn. The two lyrics in question, Dream Land and An End, are the natural outcome of a mind that instinctively translates its passing dreams into music as faint and clear as the horns of elf-land, such music as is heard at its perfection in the lyrics of Shelley. A song, Oh roses for the flush of youth, in the second number of The Germ, has the same unsought grace. Together with this appeared the more elaborate A Pause of Thought and A Testimony, the second of these founded on the recurrent theme of Ecclesiastes and employing scriptural language with the skill and ease manifested by Rossetti in The Burden of Nineveh and by Swinburne in countless poems.
Unlike her brother, whose sympathy with religion was purely artistic, and still more unlike Swinburne, whose attitude to the orthodox conceptions of Christianity was openly hostile, Christina Rossetti was, to the end of her life, a devout Christian, finding the highest inspiration for her song in her faith and investing Anglican ideals of worship with a mystical beauty. Her volumes of collected verse, beginning with Goblin Market and other poems in 1862 and ending with New Poems, collected in 1896, two years after her death, by her brother William, are permeated, even when they deal with subjects not primarily religious, with this devotional feeling. Goblin Market and The Prince’s Progress, her two chief narrative poems, are both, in effect, allegories, the first obvious in its application, the second capable of more than one interpretation, of the soul in its struggle with earthly allurements.
Her sequences of sonnets, Monna Innominata and Later Life, are filled with her sense of the claims of divine love over human passion. While her brother, in The Blessed Damozel, drew the picture of an immortal spirit yearning for the love it has left behind and translating the joys of heaven into concrete imagery, Christina Rossetti embodies the desire of the soul on earth to climb
the stairs that mount above,
Stair after golden skyward stair
To city and to sea of glass,
and the heaven which she sees is the mystical city of The Revelation of S. John.
In her Martyrs’ Song, the blessed ones who “lean over the golden bar” have no regret for earth: amid the welcoming angels, painted in verse that translates into words the visions wrought in tapestry and stained glass by Burne-Jones and Morris, they find “the rest which fulfils desire” in the light of the divine presence. Such verse has a natural kinship with the religious poetry of the seventeenth century, and especially with George Herbert and Henry Vaughan, where their excessive ingenuity in metaphor gives place to spontaneous lyric fervour. The clear notes of Herbert’s Easter Song and the calm rapture of Vaughan’s “My soul, there is a country” find their closest echo in Christina Rossetti’s devout songs, and she adopted instinctively the free metrical forms of rimed stanza in which they clothed their thought. While all her thoughts were drawn together towards one central ideal and her verse was ruled by the supreme conviction that
in la sua volantade è nostra peace,
she expressed herself with a variety of metre and rhythm and a musical power unequalled by any other English poetess. If she had less intellectual force and a more confined range of subject than Elizabeth Barrett Browning, who certainly, by virtue of her more liberal sympathies, makes an appeal to a wider audience, Christina Rossetti unquestionably had the advantage in melodiousness.
Goblin Market, written in paragraphs of varying length with short lines and rimes binding them together at irregular intervals, is an example of a form which, adapted by a careless writer even with considerable imagination, might easily become mere rhythmical prose. While the language is of the most simple kind and the lines run freely into one another, the music of the rimes, half unheard, is, nevertheless, strongly felt. Whether moving in these lightly fettered cadences or in the stricter confinement of the stanza, her lyric verse is always remarkable for its combination of strength and seriousness of sentiment with simplicity of expression. Mystic though she was, her thought never found refuge in complicated or obscure language, but translated itself into words with the clearness and definiteness which were among the aims of the pre-Raphaelite associates of her girlhood. In such short bursts of song as A Birthday, simile and coloured phrase came to her aid, without effort on her part, to adorn a crescendo which rises to a climax of innocent happiness.
Her A Christmas Carol cannot be matched among Christmas songs for its union of childlike devotion and pathos with pictorial directness: Morris’s “Outlanders, whence come ye last”? and Swinburne’s “Three damsels in the queen’s chamber” are not less beautiful and are more elaborately pictorial, but they are designedly archaic in style and are without her earnestness and concentration of feeling. It is true that there are poems by Christina Rossetti in which her sense of the necessity of simplicity is too apparent, either in the intrusion of too homely words or in occasional metrical weakness.
Her ballads of everyday life, such as Maude Clare and Brandons Both, inevitably recall to their own disadvantage, the successes of Tennyson in the same field. On the other hand, where her imagination pursued a higher path, as in the allegorical visions of A Ballad of Boding, the note which she sounded was clear and unfaltering. In the third of her Old and New Year Ditties, the famous “Passing away,” she showed herself no less capable than Swinburne of wedding appropriately majestic music to her theme, varying the cadence of her verse upon the ground-work of a single sound, the passing bell which is heard at the end of each line, and gradually relieving the melancholy of her opening passage, until, in the last notes, new hope is heard. The range of her verse was, naturally, somewhat limited by her preoccupation with religious subjects.
Contemporary movements touched her lightly, and it was seldom that, as in the two poems entitled The German-French Campaign, she referred to them. If this aloofness from the world precludes her from an uncontested claim to the position sometimes given to her as the greatest of English poetesses, no religious poet of the nineteenth century, even if we take into account the brilliant but more turbid genius of Francis Thompson, can be said to challenge comparison with her whose “shrine of holiest-hearted song” Swinburne approached with reverent admiration of her single-heartedness and purity of purpose
===+++[Biography]
source: http://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=3852
Born in 1830, in London, Christina was the fourth and youngest child of Gabriele and Frances Rossetti. Gabriele, an Italian political exile and poet, settled in England in 1824 and was appointed Professor of Italian at King’s College in 1831. Frances, the London-born daughter of Italian poet and translator Gaetano Polidori, married Gabriele in 1826. Although Christina was the first of their children to be publicly recognized for her literary accomplishments, her siblings were also writers: Maria Francesca, a member of the Anglican All Saint’s Sisterhood, authored a commentary on The Divine Comedy; painter and poet Dante Gabriel lead the Pre-Raphaelite movement; and William Michael was a critic, essayist and biographer.
Rossetti’s earliest surviving poem dates from April 1842 and was written as a birthday present to her mother. Rossetti was educated by her mother, a former governess and a teacher. Rossetti also learnt Italian from her father and grandfather and took lessons in German. A commonplace book created by Frances Rossetti and her children offers insight into the family’s tastes and reading habits. It contains passages by contemporaries such as Tennyson and Dickens, Romantic poets such as Byron, as well as several eighteenth-century writers.
Rossetti’s first collection, Verses, consists of 43 poems and was printed in 1847 on her grandfather’s private press. Dedicated to her mother and completed when Rossetti was 16, the volume contains numerous poems on martyrdom, death and unrequited love. In 1848, Rossetti began to publish her poems in magazines such as the Athenaeum and in collections such as the Ladies’ Daily Remembrancer and Lyra Messianica. Two of her poems, “Dreamland” and “An End”, appeared in the first edition of The Germ, the short-lived magazine of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood.
Rossetti’s first major publication, Goblin Market and Other Poems was published by Macmillan in 1862. The title poem, her most famous, examines temptation, sensual pleasure, and the healing power of a sister’s sacrifice. Illustrated by Dante Gabriel Rossetti, the book was lauded by its contemporary reviewers. Macmillan’s Magazine, who had already published several of Rossetti’s poems, commended the title poem’s “versatility, as well as the originality of genius” (August 1863, 401). The British Quarterly praised the collection for being “marked by beauty and tenderness” (qtd. in Kathleen Jones, Learning Not to be First, 112). Positive reviews also appeared in the Literary Gazette, London Review and Athenaeum.
Four books of poetry followed: The Prince’s Progress and Other Poems (1866), Sing-Song (1872), A Pageant and Other Poems (1881) and Verses (1893). The title poem of The Prince’s Progress shares several themes with “Goblin Market”. An allegorical narrative about the extended separation of a prince from his fiancée, the poem examines the relationship between sensuality, morality, desire and duty. When the errant prince finally arrives to claim his bride, he finds her dead:
Too late for love, too late for joy,
Too late, too late!
You loitered on the road too long.
You trifled at the gate:
The enchanted dove upon her branch
Died without a mate;
The enchanted princess in her tower
Slept, died, behind the grate;
Her heart was starving all this while
You made it wait. (481-490)
Sing-Song was, as its title suggests, written for children. Illustrated with 120 images by Arthur Hughes, it contains nursery rhymes, nature poems, instructional poems, and lullabies, as well as several nonsense poems. A representative poem demonstrates Rossetti’s interest in portraying animals and the compact, highly rhythmic character of the poems that make up this volume:
A linnet in a gilded cage,-
A linnet on the bough,-
In frosty winter one might doubt
Which bird is luckier now.
But let the trees burst out in leaf,
And nests be on the bough,
Which linnet is the luckier bird,
Oh who could doubt it now? (1-8)
Rossetti’s next book, A Pageant and Other Poems is most notable for the two sonnet sequences it contains. The first sequence, “Monna Innominata”, is prefaced by a brief discussion of Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Portuguese sonnets. In it Rossetti explains, “had the Great Poetess of our own day and nation only been unhappy instead of happy, her circumstances would have invited her to bequeath to us in lieu of the ‘Portuguese Sonnets,’ an inimitable ‘donna innominata’ drawn not from fancy but from feeling, and worthy to occupy a niche beside Beatrice and Laura.” Rossetti’s sonnet sequence features a female speaker who examines the relationship between hope, earthly love and spiritual longing. The second sequence in the collection, “Later Life”, is more explicitly devotional.
Rossetti’s 1893 Verses is dedicated to religious themes. The poems contained in it are drawn from three earlier collections of devotional prose and poems, Called to be Saints (1881), The Face of the Deep: A Devotional Commentary on the Apocalypse (1892) and Time Flies: A Reading Diary (1885). In all, Rossetti wrote five books of devotional prose, all of them published by the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. Rossetti also authored two collections of short stories, Commonplace and Other Short Stories (1870) and Speaking Likenesses (1874). A posthumous collection of unpublished poems, entitled New Poems, was edited by William Michael Rossetti and published in 1896. Maude, a novella written in 1850, was published in 1897.
Editors and critics have classified Rossetti’s poems in various ways. Adam Roberts notes that Rossetti’s poems have frequently been divided into two generic categories: lyric poems and children’s verse. Roberts argues “that this two-fold division ignores a widespread of her poetry, including much powerful love poetry and a fine variety of sonnets” (Victorian Culture and Society, 194). Others have focused on the creation of thematic categories. Writing in 1931, Eleanor Thomas identified Rossetti’s poetry with “the romantic and the religious” and noted her interest in “personal confession, transcendentalism, [and] idealism” (Christina Georgina Rossetti, 1). In The Poetical Works of Christina Georgina Rossetti, William Michael Rossetti included an appendix entitled “Some Leading Themes, or Key-Notes of Feeling in the Poems of Christina Rossetti”. The seven themes he lists are personal experiences and emotions; death; aspiration for rest; vanity of vanities; love of animals; winter; and the loveliness of the rose.
===
[[GOBLIN MARKET]] and [[Goblin Market Theories]]
+++[Remember]
Remember me when I am gone away,
Gone far away into the silent land;
When you can no more hold me by the hand,
Nor I half turn to go yet turning stay.
Remember me when no more, day by day,
You tell me of our future that you plann'd:
Only remember me; you understand
It will be late to counsel then or pray.
Yet if you should forget me for a while
And afterwards remember, do not grieve:
For if the darkness and corruption leave
A vestige of the thoughts that once I had,
Better by far you should forget and smile
Than that you should remember and be sad.
===
+++[The Convent Threshold]
!!Commentary and Questions
Christina Rosset's "Convent Threshold" is a kind of love letter, addressed by a woman aspiring for an existence transcending this sinful world to her former earthbound lover.
The woman admits that she was once in earthly love with her lover, but she has now renounced that love ("soiled with mud, / With scarlet mud") and aspires instead for a purified, spiritual love. The renunciation involves no less personal sacrifice with her than with her lover, but it brings ultimate spiritual joy to both.
http://www.victorianweb.org/authors/crossetti/kashtan6.html
Christina Rossetti's dramatic monologue "The Convent Threshold" presents a situation which resembles that of Dante Gabriel Rossetti's The Blessed Damozel but takes the opposite perspective on that situation. In the former poem the speaker's love for her beloved has somehow caused their relatives' blood to be shed, and accordingly, as the title of the poem indicates, the speaker has chosen to expiate her guilt by entering a convent. In her monologue she urges her beloved to do likewise: to turn away from the evanescent pleasures of this life and to repent his sins, thereby ensuring that the two of them can reunite in heaven if not on earth. She emphasizes that if he fails to repent and thus suffers spiritual death, her own afterlife reward will suffer as a result:
<<<
How shall I rest in Paradise,
Or sit on steps of heaven alone
If Saints and Angels spoke of love
Should I not answer from my throne:
Have pity upon me, ye my friends,
For I have heard the sound thereof:
Should I not turn with yearning eyes,
Turn earthwards with a pitiful pang?
Oh save me from a pang in heaven.
<<<
The speaker imagines herself in the same predicament as the blessed damozel: in heaven, but unable to enjoy it in the absence of her beloved. Dante Gabriel Rossetti's poem presented this situation from the viewpoint of the earthbound male beloved, who apparently imagined this vision in order to congratulate himself on how much the damozel loved him. By contrast, Christina Rossetti adopts the perspective of the female lover, who conjures up a similar hypothetical situation for a seemingly more altruistic purpose. In adopting the woman's perspective Christina Rossetti avoids the trap of objectifying the beloved, as her brother's poem had done. Furthermore, she permits he man to control his own destiny. Her speaker urges the beloved to repent and earn entry into heaven, suggesting that he can choose whether or not to do so. On the other hand, Dante Gabriel Rossetti presented the damozel as praying that God would allow the speaker into heaven, thus taking the choice of the speaker's afterlife destination out of his own hands.
!!Questions
<<<
1. Does it make sense to read "The Convent Threshold" as a feminist version of "The Blessed Damozel," assuming that one poem directly influenced the other? Or do both poems feature the same type of male chauvinism?
2. This poem's description of heaven focuses on its sensual beauty and its associated pleasures: "Beyond the gulf a gleaming strand / Of mansions where the righteous sup; / Who sleep at ease among their trees." Would Christina Rossetti's contemporaries have criticized her conception of heaven as overly materialistic?
3. Anglican convents were a relatively new phenomenon at the time of this poem, and some scholars believe that the act of entering a convent had feminist implications. Should we read the speaker's decision to enter a convent in this way?
4. In lines 85-109 the speaker narrates a dream she has had, which she takes to signify that "Knowledge is strong, but love is sweet; [...] All is small / Save love, for love is all in all." How does this dream function in the overall scheme of the poem? What connection does it have to contemporary debates over science and religion?
<<<
===
All the Rossettis were fond of the handsome and impressive William Bell Scott (q.v.) and, eventually, his good-hearted chatterbox wife, Laetitia. The Scotts actually lived separately under the same roof, but the arrangement was amicable. William Rossetti, the financial mainstay of the family and editor of the Pre-Raphaelite journal The Germ, was the first to visit Scott in Newcastle in 1850. Dante Gabriel (q.v.) came in 1853, Christina in 1858 and Maria in 1860. It was through Bell Scott that Christina became acquainted with the Durham poet Dora Greenwell (q.v.) . Christina's work of the 1850s is pervaded by a sense of melancholy often associated with unhappy love, leading one modern biographer to suggest a frustrated passion for Bell Scott, whom she had first met in London in 1847.
The year 1858 probably marked the high point of Christina's poetry. It was also the year of 'the great stink' in London, prompting a trip to see the Scotts. The party went on a picnic to Sunderland on 29 June 1858. The doggerel manuscript poem Christina wrote on the occasion is brightly cheerful:
... from Newcastle to Sunderland
Upon a misty morn in June
We took the train: on either hand
Grimed streets were changed for meadows soon.
Umbrellas, tarts and sandwiches
Sustained our spirits' temperate flow
With potted jam, and cold as snow
Rough-coated, sunburnt oranges.
but on the same day Christina wrote the beautiful 'Up-Hill' and 'Today and Tomorrow', of all her poems the bleakest. Again it stresses her sad isolation while the world around her blossoms and rejoices. Her frustration is unendurable and she wishes for death. Alice Meynell thought the poem contained more passion 'than in any other poem written by a woman'. Christina's poem 'By the Sea' was also written in 1858 and may reflect her North East trip (the Scotts took her to Marsden Bay also). Christina spent a day at Wallington Hall with Laetitia Scott, visiting Lady Pauline and Sir Walter Trevelyan. She got on well with her hostess and admired Lady Pauline's social graces
The unpublished version of the poem 'Parting after Parting' was titled 'Written in the train from Newcastle':
Parting after parting
All one's life long:
It's a bitter pang, parting
While life and love are strong
In October 1859, Christina travelled to Newcastle again in the company of Lady Pauline to stay with Laetitia Scott for a few weeks. The Scotts and Alice Boyd were now known as the Sun, Moon and Star, Alice having rather displaced Maria Rossetti in Bell Scott's affections, though all remained friends. After this visit, Christina wrote a number of poems concerning romantic triangles, female rivalry and unkind sisterhood - at odds with her famous Goblin Market, published in 1862.
[source: http://www.csulb.edu/~csnider/c.rossetti.html]
[source: http://online.northumbria.ac.uk/faculties/art/humanities/cns/m-rosetti1.html]
[img[images\rossetti1.gif]]
|[img[images\rossetti2.gif]]||[img[images\rossetti3.gif]]
[[100 Years War]] 1346-1451
[[The Wars of the Roses]] 1455
[[Victorian Chronology]]
----
+++^[Useful dvd and video sites]
http://forums.afterdawn.com/
http://dvd.box.sk/
http://club.cdfreaks.com/
===
!Fred Astaire May 10, 1899 – June 22, 1987
Dancing Lady (1933)
Flying Down to Rio (1933)
The Gay Divorcee (1934)
Roberta (1935)
Top Hat (1935)
Follow the Fleet (1936)
Swing Time (1936)
Shall We Dance (1937)
A Damsel in Distress (1937)
Carefree (1938)
The Story of Vernon and Irene Castle (1939)
Broadway Melody of 1940 (1940)
Second Chorus (1940)
You'll Never Get Rich (1941)
Holiday Inn (1942)
You Were Never Lovelier (1942)
The Sky's the Limit (1943)
Yolanda and the Thief (1945)
Ziegfeld Follies (1946)
Blue Skies (1946)
Easter Parade (1948)
The Barkleys of Broadway (1949)
Three Little Words (1950)
Let's Dance (1950)
Royal Wedding (1951)
The Belle of New York (1952)
The Band Wagon (1953)
Daddy Long Legs (1955)
Funny Face (1957)
Silk Stockings
On The Beach (1959)
Finian's Rainbow (1968)
That's Entertainment, Part II (1976) (narrator and performer)
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http://alternative-healthzine.com/magical-properties-of-coconut-oil/
----
Clinical studies have shown that coconut oil has anti-microbial and anti-viral properties.
Lauric acid is a medium chain fatty acid which is abundant in coconut oil, and considered responsible for many of its health benefits. Coconut oil is about 50% lauric acid. The only other abundant source found in nature is in human breast milk.
A good therapeutic dosage is 3 to 4 tablespoons a day. This provides enough lauric acid to build the immune system.
!Coffee and walnut cake
Made with unsalted butter, unrefined sugar and free-range, organic eggs you will have something infinitely superior to any shop-bought cake. It will take about an hour from start to finish and will keep for several days if you keep it sealed.
serves 8-10
butter - 175g
unrefined golden caster sugar - 175g
walnut pieces - 65g
eggs - 3
self-raising flour - 175g
baking powder - 1 tsp
instant coffee granules - 2 tsp
for the filling:
butter - 200g
icing sugar - 400g
instant coffee granules - 2 tsp
walnut pieces - 60g
You will also need 2 x 20cm loose-bottomed sponge tins
Beat the butter and sugar till light, pale and fluffy. You could do this by hand but it is far easier and, frankly, better with an electric mixer. Set the oven at 180 c/gas 4. Meanwhile, line the base of two 20cm sponge tins with greaseproof paper and chop the walnuts. Crack the eggs into a bowl, break them up with a fork, then add them a little at a time to the butter and sugar, beating well after each addition.
Combine the flour and baking powder and mix into the butter and sugar, gently, with either the mixer on a slow speed or by hand with a large metal spoon. Dissolve the coffee granules in a tablespoon of boiling water, then stir into the cake. Chop the walnuts and fold gently into the cake.
Divide the cake mixture between the two cake tins, smooth lightly and bake for 20-25 minutes. I have noticed mine are pretty much consistently done after 23 minutes.
To make the frosting: beat the butter till soft and pale with an electric beater, then add the sugar and beat till smooth and creamy. Stir a tablespoon of boiling water into the coffee granules then mix it into the butter-cream. Fold in the walnut pieces. When cool, turn one half of the cake upside down on a plate, spread it with a good third of the butter-cream, then place the second half on top. Spread the remaining butter cream on top and around the sides.
http://youtu.be/vnvOKXSLK8E
!Laser Classifications
Lasers are classified into four broad areas depending on the potential for causing biological damage. When you see a laser, it should be labeled with one of these four class designations:
Class I - These lasers cannot emit laser radiation at known hazard levels.
Class I.A. - This is a special designation that applies only to lasers that are "not intended for viewing," such as a supermarket laser scanner. The upper power limit of Class I.A. is 4.0 mW.
Class II - These are low-power visible lasers that emit above Class I levels but at a radiant power not above 1 mW. The concept is that the human aversion reaction to bright light will protect a person.
Class IIIA - These are intermediate-power lasers (cw: 1-5 mW), which are hazardous only for intrabeam viewing. Most pen-like pointing lasers are in this class.
Class IIIB - Lasers that emit between 5mW and 500mW output power are in Class IIIb or IEC Class 3B.
Class IV - These are high-power lasers (cw: 500 mW, pulsed: 10 J/cm2 or the diffuse reflection limit), which are hazardous to view under any condition (directly or diffusely scattered), and are a potential fire hazard and a skin hazard. Significant controls are required of Class IV laser facilities.
''Almost all the laser research evidence for tissue repair inflammation and pain is with close 3B lasers and LEDs. ''
!Settings and wavelengths
*A very low power-level device is less than 30mW.
*''50mW'' seems to be best for deep tissue effects
http://www.aconitemedical.com/blogs/news/7713179-low-level-laser-therapy-treatment-protocol-for-fibromyalgia
!Wavelength
Different lasers emit light at different wavelengths which interact with different tissues. As mentioned earlier, the light energy needs to interact with chromphores or receptors in the tissues. In the infrared light spectrum, water is the major chromophore. When considering a cold laser for laser therapy we need to use a wavelength where water is not an efficient chromophore, so the light energy can penetrate tissue that is high in water content.
*There is a narrow band of wavelengths in the light spectrum where this is the case. This wavelength, which is from ''600 to 1200 nanometers, is known as the therapeutic window''.
*All of the therapeutic lasers on the market have wavelengths between 600-1200nm. However, the penetration is not the same level. Lasers in the 600 to 730 nm range have less penetration and are better for more superficial applications. 90% of cold lasers operate in the 800nm to 980nm wavelength for therapeutic treatments. There are several manufacturers (Like Erchonia) that claim the best results are in the 600 to 680nm wavelength range.
----
Tissue regeneration, for instance, appears to benefit from relatively low fluence and long-time exposure. Pain reduction in acute conditions is achieved through inhibition of neural flow and high fluence, and greater power density is more effective. Wound healing and tissue regeneration requires fairly low intensity and long time (2-6 J/cm2); reduction of inflammation is more effective with higher fluence (6-10 J/cm2), whereas acute pain may require 20-50 J/cm2. http://www.bioopticsworld.com//articles/print/volume-3/issue-5/features/laser-dentistry-low-level-laser-therapy-therapeutic-lasers-expand-the-scope-of-dentistry.html
*Longer, lower power-level treatments get better healing while short high power bursts are better for pain control.
!!630nm to 635nm for scar and shallow treatments
630nm (for HeNe tube lasers) and 635nm (for semiconductor laser diodes). Total power output will be less than 5mW per laser. 635nm energy is visible so you always know if the unit is on and where it is pointed.
*the red wavelength (635 nm) is used to activate immune cells and increase circulation
http://preventdisease.com/news/12/110112_A-Ten-Dollar-Laser-Pointer-Will-Heal-Tissue-Faster-Than-Any-Medication.shtml
!!800nm to 980nm for deep penetration - debate if 810nm or 980nm is best?
+++[Wavelength Comparisons]
!!635 nM (Red) -The most common.
The ''same wavelength produced inside the cells of the body'', so it is biologically compatible with the body.
Stimulatory effect: increases ATP production in the cell.
TONIFYING effect on an acupuncture point.
There are also reds in the 650 to 670 nm range, which are laser pointers that you buy at an office supply store for presentations. These are not particularly well suited to acupuncture and do not have the same biological effects as 635 nm lasers.
!!450 nM (Blue) -NEW on the market.
The previous so called blue was really an ultraviolet. The NEW 450 nM is pure sapphire blue.
SEDATES or calms the channel.
Don't confuse this with the 405 violet/ultraviolet sometimes sold as blue/purple.
!!700-1000 nM -Infrared Lasers.
Deep Penetrating.
No visible beam.
Produce heat.
Deep wound healing and pain treatment.
Not for typical acupuncture, although some studies have shown good results.
These systems are on the expensive end.
!!532 nM (Green)
Poor penetration of green wavelengths.
Very little research to prove success rates.
===
!Energy
It has been determined that the optimum amount of energy needed to obtain therapeutic effects at the treated tissue should range from 0.5 to 6 joules per cm2.
!Power - A pulsed laser is best?
http://quantum-healing-lasers.com/super-pulsed-laser.html
Pulsing the lasers allows for higher power levels while still being safe. On the other side, continuous wave lasers allow for better pain control and they allow for saturation of a damaged area with photons?
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Partly because of her shyness and partly just because she was a woman, Christina Rossetti was never completely a part of the Pre- Raphaelite Brotherhood. Nevertheless, her Goblin Market and Other Poems (1862) was the first unalloyed literary success the Brotherhood enjoyed, and there is a loose parallel between her fondness for the rhythms of folk songs and the Pre-Raphaelite interest in things medieval. Since she began with such success, both her brother and her publisher were eager that she follow it up at once, but her next volume of poetry, The Prince's Progress and Other Poems, was not ready until 1866. It sold well, but the critics saw at once that the best poems in it were not quite the equal of the best in her first collection. In fact, "Goblin Market," one of her first poems, remains her best.
http://www.scholars.nus.edu.sg/victorian/authors/crossetti/rossetti5.html
Themes of frustrated love and an understated tension between desire and renunciation characterize her more serious work. Separated lovers often appear in her poems, and regret for life unfulfilled alternates with what one critic calls a death wish. But there is another strain in some of her poetry that can be called Gothic or even macabre--goblins, serpents, wombats, ratels, and lizards turn up in her verses. Growing up, the Rossetti siblings read Crabbe, Coleridge, Shelley, and Keats, to be sure; but they also read with delight Ann Radcliffe (Christina at one time undertook to write a biography of Mrs. Radcliffe but was unable to gather the necessary materials) and Monk Lewis. Consider the following fragment:
I have a friend in ghostland, --
Early found, ah me how early lost! --
Blood-red seaweed drips along that coastland
By the strong sea wrenched and tost.
If I wake he hunts me like a nightmare:
I feel my hair stand up, my body creep:
Without light I see a blasting sight there,
See a secret I must keep.
Virginia Woolf's appreciation of her strikes the same notes:
Death, oblivion, and rest lap round your songs with their dark wave. And then, incongruously, a sound of scurrying and laughter is heard. There is a patter of animals' feet and the odd guttural notes of rooks and the snufflings of obtuse furry animals grunting and nosing. For you were not a pure saint by any means. You pulled legs; you tweaked noses. You were at war with all humbug and pretence.
Perhaps she realized that she was unable to write anything better than "Goblin Market," or perhaps her "failure" to surpass herself is explained by her turn away from poetry to children's stories and religious materials. Sing-Song: A Nursery Rhyme Book came out in 1872, and after 1875 she was very much involved with the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, for whom she wrote several prose works, including Called to be Saints (1876). But she never entirely stopped writing poetry; A Pageant and Other Poems (1881) includes the "Monna Innominata" sonnets, which are among her best.
http://www.eng.fju.edu.tw/crit.97/C_Rossetti/Christina.htm#Women's
# Regarded as a Woman Poet-- "Though evidence of [C Rossetti's and Emily Dickenson's] creative process was available in the form of drafts of poems and worksheets, the image of the inspired child/woman who does not labor over her production was more congenial to male critics" (Leder 187) e.g. Christina considered as "at best a spontaneous and at worst a naive technician."
# Regarded as a Poet-Saint (1862-1899)--e.g. "Up-Hill"
Arthur Symons's review in July 1887 sees "sincere piety" in this poem (Charles 27).
# the tradition of the Aesthetes--Christina Rossetti's medievalist combination of eros and agape, of the phenomenal and the ideal, of the sensual and the spiritual, became central to the art of the aesthetes in the 1880s and 1890s (Harrison 55). --decadent or religious?
# the tradition of Romantic love--Many of Rossetti's love poems, ...serve to expose misguided, that is, transient earthly ideals of love; in so doing, they savor love's absence, love's decay, or its demise; often they express the laments of love's deluded victim (Harrison 55-56)
# Throughout much Pre-Raphaelite love poetry, a dialectic of desire and renunciation is at work thematically. Whether a depicted passion is visceral or idealized, its object and therefore any fulfillment of desire are almost always unattainable. [In Christina Rossetti's poems,] renunciation, or at least withdrawal from teh active pursuit of love, follows disilusionment; often the speaker craves death, either as an anodyne or as a transposition to an afterlife of absolute Love..." (Harrison 92; 102). feminist readings--from poetry of renunciation and reticence, to that of exclusion, sexual fantary and social criticism.
http://www.gerardmanleyhopkins.org/lectures_2001/christina_rossetti.html
http://www.ageconcern.org.uk/ - Freephone Information Line 0800 00 99 66
http://www.helptheaged.org.uk/en-gb/
!Day services for disabled and older people
*http://www.newcastle.gov.uk/core.nsf/a/communitycentres?opendocument
*The Adult Social care Direct service is open Monday to Friday 8am till 6pm. Phone 0191 278 8377 Fax: 0191 278 8312 Textphone: 0191 278 8359 Email: scd@newcastle.gov.uk
!Transfer of Property and Assets
Transferring the title deeds of a property to someone else
http://www.fundingcare.org.uk/family_home/index.html
*Family Protection Trust Will £325 +VAT per person
+++[Help]
[[Buyer Beware|http://www.pcbuyerbeware.co.uk/]]
===
|http://www.bestbuy.com/|US site but good for info and reviews|
http://www.pocket-lint.com/
Vit D and Calcium - http://www.myvitdtest.com/testing.aspx
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config.macros.tableOfContents.handler = function(place,macroName,params) {
var parsedParams = new Array();
parsedParams['label']=this.label;
parsedParams['inline']=false;
while (params.length>0) {
if (params[0]=="label:none")
parsedParams['label']="";
else if (params[0].substr(0,6)=="label:")
parsedParams['label']=params[0].substr(6);
if (params[0].substr(0,7)=="prompt:")
parsedParams['prompt']=params[0].substr(7);
if (params[0].substr(0,8)=="padding:")
parsedParams['padding']=params[0].substr(8);
if (params[0].substr(0,7)=="margin:")
parsedParams['margin']=params[0].substr(7);
if (params[0].substr(0,5)=="sort:")
parsedParams['sortby']=params[0].substr(5);
if (params[0].substr(0,5)=="date:")
parsedParams['date']=params[0].substr(5);
if ((params[0]=="size:auto")||(params[0]=="size:0"))
parsedParams['autosize']=true;
else if (params[0] && (params[0].substr(0,5)=="size:"))
parsedParams['requestedSize']=params[0].substr(5);
if (params[0].substr(0,6)=="width:")
parsedParams['width']=params[0].substr(6);
if (params[0]=="hidelist")
parsedParams['hidelist']=true;
if (params[0]=="inline")
parsedParams['inline']=true;
if (params[0]=="-title")
parsedParams['hide_title']=true;
if (params[0]=="-date")
parsedParams['hide_date']=true;
if (params[0]=="-author")
parsedParams['hide_author']=true;
if (params[0]=="-tags")
parsedParams['hide_tags']=true;
if (params[0]=="-missing")
parsedParams['hide_missing']=true;
if (params[0]=="-orphans")
parsedParams['hide_orphans']=true;
if (params[0]=="-system")
parsedParams['hide_system']=true;
params.shift();
}
setStylesheet(config.macros.tableOfContents.css,"tableOfContents");
var newTOC=createTiddlyElement(place,parsedParams['inline']?"span":"div",null,"TOC",null)
if (parsedParams['margin']) { newTOC.style.margin=parsedParams['margin']; }
if (parsedParams['padding']) { newTOC.style.padding=parsedParams['padding']; }
if (parsedParams['label']!="") newTOC.innerHTML=config.macros.tableOfContents.html.replace(/%label%/,parsedParams['label']);
var newTOCList=createTOCList(newTOC,parsedParams)
refreshTOCList(newTOCList);
store.addNotification(null,reloadTOCLists); // reload listbox after every tiddler change
}
// IE needs explicit global scoping for functions/vars called from browser events
window.onChangeTOCList=onChangeTOCList;
window.onClickTOCList=onClickTOCList;
window.onDblClickTOCList=onDblClickTOCList;
window.reloadTOCLists=reloadTOCLists;
window.refreshTOCList=refreshTOCList;
window.onClickTOCMenu=onClickTOCMenu;
window.resizeTOC=resizeTOC;
function createTOCList(place,params)
{
var theList = createTiddlyElement(place,"select",null,"TOCList",params['prompt'])
theList.params=params;
theList.onchange=onChangeTOCList;
theList.onclick=onClickTOCList;
theList.ondblclick=onDblClickTOCList;
theList.onkeyup=onKeyUpTOCList;
theList.style.display=config.options.chkTOCShow ? "block" : "none" ;
theList.sortBy=config.options.txtTOCSortBy;
theList.dateFormat="DD MMM YYYY";
theList.requestedSize=config.options.txtTOCListSize;
theList.expandall=false;
theList.cmdMax=config.macros.tableOfContents.cmdMax;
if (params['hide_title']) theList.cmdMax--;
if (params['hide_date']) theList.cmdMax--;
if (params['hide_author']) theList.cmdMax--;
if (params['hide_tags']) theList.cmdMax--;
if (params['hide_missing']) theList.cmdMax--;
if (params['hide_orphans']) theList.cmdMax--;
if (params['hide_system']) theList.cmdMax--;
if (params['sortby'])
{ theList.sortBy=params['sortby']; theList.noSortCookie=true; }
if (params['date'])
{ theList.dateFormat=params['date']; }
if (params['autosize'])
{ theList.autosize=true; theList.noSizeCookie=true; }
if (params['requestedSize'])
{ theList.requestedSize=params['requestedSize']; theList.noSizeCookie=true; }
if (params['width'])
{ theList.style.width=params['width']; }
if (params['hidelist'])
{ theList.style.display ="none" ; theList.noShowCookie=true; }
if (params['expandall'])
{ theList.expandall=true; }
return theList;
}
function onChangeTOCList()
{
var thisTiddler=this.options[this.selectedIndex].value;
if ((this.size==1)&&(thisTiddler!='')&&(this.selectedIndex>this.cmdMax))
story.displayTiddler(null,thisTiddler,1);
refreshTOCList(this);
return false;
}
function onClickTOCList(e)
{
if (!e) var e = window.event;
if (this.size==1)
return; // don't toggle display for droplist
if (e.shiftKey)
{ this.expandall=!this.expandall; refreshTOCList(this);}
e.cancelBubble = true; if (e.stopPropagation) e.stopPropagation();
return true;
}
function onDblClickTOCList(e)
{
if (!e) var e = window.event;
var thisTiddler=this.options[this.selectedIndex].value;
if ((thisTiddler!='')&&(this.selectedIndex>this.cmdMax))
story.displayTiddler(null,thisTiddler,1);
e.cancelBubble = true; if (e.stopPropagation) e.stopPropagation();
return false;
}
function onKeyUpTOCList(e)
{
if (!e) var e = window.event;
if (e.keyCode!=13) return true;
var thisTiddler=this.options[this.selectedIndex].value;
if ((thisTiddler!='')&&(this.selectedIndex>this.cmdMax))
story.displayTiddler(null,thisTiddler,1);
e.cancelBubble = true; if (e.stopPropagation) e.stopPropagation();
return false;
}
function reloadTOCLists()
{
var all=document.all? document.all.tags("select") : document.getElementsByTagName("select");
for (var i=0; i<all.length; i++)
if (all[i].className=="TOCList")
{ all[i].selectedIndex=-1; refreshTOCList(all[i]); }
}
function refreshTOCList(theList)
{
// DEBUG var starttime=new Date();
var selectedIndex = theList.selectedIndex;
if (selectedIndex==-1) selectedIndex=0;
var sortBy = theList.sortBy;
var showHidden = config.options.chkTOCIncludeHidden
&& !(config.options.chkHttpReadOnly && readOnly);
if (selectedIndex==0) sortBy=theList.sortBy; // "nnn tiddlers" heading
else if (selectedIndex<=theList.cmdMax)
sortBy=theList.value;
else {
if (theList.options[theList.selectedIndex].value=='') expandTOC(theList);
return;
}
theList.sortBy = sortBy;
if (!theList.noSortCookie)
{ config.options.txtTOCSortBy=sortBy; saveOptionCookie("txtTOCSortBy"); }
// get the list of tiddlers and filter out 'hidden' tiddlers (i.e., tagged with "excludeLists")
var tiddlers = [];
switch (sortBy) {
case "missing":
tiddlers = store.getMissingLinks();
break;
case "tags":
tiddlers = store.getTags();
break;
case "orphans":
var titles = store.getOrphans();
for (var t = 0; t < titles.length; t++)
if (showHidden || store.getTiddler(titles[t]).tags.find("excludeLists")==null)
tiddlers.push(titles[t]);
break;
case "system":
var temp = store.getTaggedTiddlers("systemTiddlers");
for (var t = 0; t < temp.length; t++)
if (showHidden || temp[t].tags.find("excludeLists")==null)
tiddlers.pushUnique(temp[t].title,true);
var temp = store.getTaggedTiddlers("systemConfig");
for (var t = 0; t < temp.length; t++)
if (showHidden || temp[t].tags.find("excludeLists")==null)
tiddlers.pushUnique(temp[t].title,true);
for (var t in config.shadowTiddlers) tiddlers.pushUnique(t,true);
tiddlers.sort();
break;
default:
var temp = store.getTiddlers(sortBy);
for (var t = 0; t < temp.length; t++)
if (showHidden || temp[t].tags.find("excludeLists")==null)
tiddlers.push(temp[t]);
}
// clear current list contents
while (theList.length > 0) { theList.options[0] = null; }
theList.saved=null;
// add heading and control items to list
var i=0;
var theHeading=tiddlers.length+' tiddlers:';
if (sortBy=='missing') theHeading=tiddlers.length+' missing tiddlers:';
if (sortBy=='orphans') theHeading=tiddlers.length+' orphaned tiddlers:';
if (sortBy=='tags') theHeading=tiddlers.length+' tags:';
if (sortBy=='system') theHeading=tiddlers.length+' system tiddlers:';
var indent=String.fromCharCode(160)+String.fromCharCode(160);
var sel=">";
theList.options[i++]=new Option(theHeading,'',false,false);
if (!theList.params['hide_title'])
theList.options[i++]=new Option(((sortBy=="title")?sel:indent)+' [by title]','title',false,false);
if (!theList.params['hide_date'])
theList.options[i++]=new Option(((sortBy=="modified")?sel:indent)+' [by date]','modified',false,false);
if (!theList.params['hide_author'])
theList.options[i++]=new Option(((sortBy=="modifier")?sel:indent)+' [by author]','modifier',false,false);
if (!theList.params['hide_tags'])
theList.options[i++]=new Option(((sortBy=="tags")?sel:indent)+' [by tags]','tags',false,false);
if (!theList.params['hide_missing'])
theList.options[i++]=new Option(((sortBy=="missing")?sel:indent)+' [missing]','missing',false,false);
if (!theList.params['hide_orphans'])
theList.options[i++]=new Option(((sortBy=="orphans")?sel:indent)+' [orphans]','orphans',false,false);
if (!theList.params['hide_system'])
theList.options[i++]=new Option(((sortBy=="system")?sel:indent)+' [system]','system',false,false);
// output the tiddler list
switch(sortBy)
{
case "title":
for (var t = 0; t < tiddlers.length; t++)
theList.options[i++] = new Option(tiddlers[t].title,tiddlers[t].title,false,false);
break;
case "modified":
// sort descending for newest date first
tiddlers.sort(function (a,b) {if(a['modified'] == b['modified']) return(0); else return (a['modified'] > b['modified']) ? -1 : +1; });
// continue with same logic as for 'modifier'...
case "modifier":
var lastSection = "";
for (var t = 0; t < tiddlers.length; t++)
{
var tiddler = tiddlers[t];
var theSection = "";
if (sortBy=="modified") theSection = tiddler.modified.convertToLocalYYYYMMDDHHMM().substr(0,8);
if (sortBy=="modifier") theSection = tiddler.modifier;
if (theSection != lastSection)
{
lastSection = theSection;
if (sortBy=="modified") theSection = tiddler.modified.formatString(theList.dateFormat);
theList.options[i++] = new Option('+ '+theSection,"",false,false);
}
theList.options[i++] = new Option(indent+indent+tiddler.title,tiddler.title,false,false);
}
expandTOC(theList);
break;
case "tags":
// tagged tiddlers, by tag
var tagcount=0;
var lastTag = null;
for (var t = 0; t < tiddlers.length; t++) // actually a list of tags, not tiddlers...
{
var theTag = tiddlers[t][0];
var tagged = new Array();
var temp = store.getTaggedTiddlers(theTag);
for(var r=0; r<temp.length; r++)
if (showHidden || temp[r].tags.find("excludeLists")==null)
tagged.push(temp[r]);
if (tagged.length)
{
tagcount++;
theList.options[i++]= new
Option('+ '+theTag+" ("+tagged.length+")","",false,false);
for(var r=0; r<tagged.length; r++)
theList.options[i++] = new
Option(indent+indent+tagged[r].title,tagged[r].title,false,false);
}
}
// count untagged tiddlers
var temp = store.getTiddlers("title");
var c=0; for (var r=0; r<temp.length;r++) if (!temp[r].tags.length) c++;
// create 'pseudo-tag' listing untagged tiddlers (if any)
if (c>0)
{
theList.options[i++] = new Option("+ untagged ("+c+")","",false,false);
for (var r=0; r<temp.length;r++) if (!temp[r].tags.length)
theList.options[i++] = new
Option(indent+indent+temp[r].title,temp[r].title,false,false);
}
theList.options[0].text=tagcount+' tags:';
expandTOC(theList);
break;
case "missing":
case "orphans":
case "system":
for (var t = 0; t < tiddlers.length; t++)
theList.options[i++] = new Option(tiddlers[t],tiddlers[t],false,false);
break;
}
theList.selectedIndex=selectedIndex; // select current control item
theList.size = (theList.autosize)?theList.options.length:theList.requestedSize;
// DEBUG var endtime=new Date();
// DEBUG alert("refreshTOC() elapsed time: "+(endtime-starttime)+" msec");
}
// show/hide branch of TOCList based on current selection
function expandTOC(theList)
{
var selectedIndex = theList.selectedIndex;
if (selectedIndex==-1) selectedIndex=0;
var sortBy = theList.sortBy;
// don't collapse/expand list for alpha-sorted "flatlist" TOC contents
if ((sortBy=="title")||(sortBy=="missing")||(sortBy=="orphans")||(sortBy=="system"))
return;
// or list control items
if ((selectedIndex>0)&&(selectedIndex<=theList.cmdMax))
return;
var theText = theList.options[selectedIndex].text;
var theValue = theList.options[selectedIndex].value;
// save fully expanded list contents (if not already saved)
if (!theList.saved)
{
theList.saved = new Array();
for (var i=0; i < theList.length; i++)
{
opt = theList.options[i];
theList.saved[i] = new Option(opt.text, opt.value, opt.defaultSelected, opt.selected);
}
}
// clear current list contents
while (theList.length > 0) { theList.options[0] = null; }
// put back all items
if (theList.expandall)
{
var i=0;
for (var t=0; t<theList.saved.length; t++)
{
var opt=theList.saved[t];
theList.options[i++] = new Option(opt.text,opt.value,opt.defaultSelected,opt.selected);
if (opt.text==theText) selectedIndex=i-1;
}
theList.selectedIndex = selectedIndex;
theList.size = (theList.autosize)?theList.options.length:theList.requestedSize;
return;
}
// put back heading items until item text matches current selected heading
var i=0;
for (var t=0; t<theList.saved.length; t++)
{
var opt=theList.saved[t];
if ((opt.value=='')||(i<=theList.cmdMax))
theList.options[i++] = new Option(opt.text,opt.value,opt.defaultSelected,opt.selected);
if (opt.text==theText)
break;
}
selectedIndex=i-1; // this is the NEW index of the current selected heading
// put back items with value!='' until value==''
for ( t++; t<theList.saved.length; t++)
{
var opt=theList.saved[t];
if (opt.value!='')
theList.options[i++] = new Option(opt.text,opt.value,opt.defaultSelected,opt.selected);
if (opt.value=='')
break;
}
// put back remaining items with value==''
for ( ; t<theList.saved.length; t++)
{
var opt=theList.saved[t];
if (opt.value=='')
theList.options[i++] = new Option(opt.text,opt.value,opt.defaultSelected,opt.selected);
}
theList.selectedIndex = selectedIndex;
theList.size = (theList.autosize)?theList.options.length:theList.requestedSize;
}
// these functions process clicks on the 'control links' that are displayed above the listbox
function getTOCListFromButton(which)
{
var theList = null;
switch (which.id)
{
case 'TOCMenu':
var theSiblings = which.parentNode.parentNode.parentNode.childNodes;
var thePlace=which.parentNode.parentNode.parentNode.parentNode.parentNode.id;
break;
case 'TOCSmaller':
case 'TOCLarger':
case 'TOCMaximize':
var theSiblings = which.parentNode.parentNode.childNodes;
var thePlace=which.parentNode.parentNode.parentNode.parentNode.id;
break;
}
for (var k=0; k<theSiblings.length; k++)
if (theSiblings[k].className=="TOCList") { theList=theSiblings[k]; break; }
// DEBUG if (theList) alert('found '+theList.className+' for '+which.id+' button in '+thePlace);
return theList;
}
function onClickTOCMenu(which)
{
var theList=getTOCListFromButton(which);
if (!theList) return;
var opening = theList.style.display=="none";
if(config.options.chkAnimate)
anim.startAnimating(new Slider(theList,opening,false,"none"));
else
theList.style.display = opening ? "block" : "none" ;
if (!theList.noShowCookie)
{ config.options.chkTOCShow = opening; saveOptionCookie("chkTOCShow"); }
return(false);
}
function resizeTOC(which)
{
var theList=getTOCListFromButton(which);
if (!theList) return;
var size = theList.size;
if (theList.style.display=="none") // make sure list is visible
if(config.options.chkAnimate)
anim.startAnimating(new Slider(theList,true,false,"none"));
else
theList.style.display = "block" ;
switch (which.id)
{
case 'TOCSmaller': // decrease current listbox size
if (theList.autosize) { theList.autosize=false; size=config.options.txtTOCListSize; }
if (size==1) break;
size -= 1; // shrink by one line
theList.requestedSize = theList.size = size;
break;
case 'TOCLarger': // increase current listbox size
if (theList.autosize) { theList.autosize=false; size=config.options.txtTOCListSize; }
if (size>=theList.options.length) break;
size += 1; // grow by one line
theList.requestedSize = theList.size = size;
break;
case 'TOCMaximize': // toggle autosize
theList.autosize = (theList.size!=theList.options.length);
theList.size = (theList.autosize)?theList.options.length:theList.requestedSize;
break;
}
if (!theList.noSizeCookie && !theList.autosize)
{ config.options.txtTOCListSize=size; saveOptionCookie("txtTOCListSize"); }
}
//}}}
http://www.convertunits.com
http://www.eating-for-england.com/conversions-and-equivalents/
!Ingredients
http://chemicaloftheday.squarespace.com/
http://www.cir-safety.org/
http://www.paulaschoice.com/8cc62bc2-a6cc-41a0-9771-f4c4c5521a32/
https://www.lush.co.uk/ and http://www.lushusa.com/
<html><body>
<h2>How Much Does It Cost To Live In China?</h2>
<p>Here are my answers to questions posed on the forum:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Accommodation prices</strong>: For a decent sized, furnished, two bedroom apartment – 2000 yuan<span id="localcurrency9000-0"></span> to 2500 yuan<span id="localcurrency9000-1"></span> per month </li>
<li><strong>Transportation fares</strong>:
<ul>
<li>Anywhere on campus: 1 yuan<span id="localcurrency9000-2"></span> for a trolley, 5 yuan<span id="localcurrency9000-3"></span> for a taxi. </li>
<li>To Langfang (25 to 40 minutes away): 2 yuan<span id="localcurrency9000-4"></span> for a bus, 20 yuan<span id="localcurrency9000-5"></span> to 30 yuan<span id="localcurrency9000-6"></span> for a taxi. </li>
<li>To Beijing (one to two hours away): 12 yuan<span id="localcurrency9000-7"></span> for the slow bus, 16 yuan<span id="localcurrency9000-8"></span> for the fast bus, 130 yuan<span id="localcurrency9000-9"></span> for a taxi.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Food prices</strong>: You’d probably spend 1000 yuan<span id="localcurrency9000-10"></span> per month at the supermarket. You could spend less if you wanted to, but equally you spend quite a but more if you really splurge on the expensive Western items. </li>
<li><strong>Electricity and water</strong>: On average we probably spent about 300 yuan<span id="localcurrency9000-11"></span> per month. </li>
<li><strong>Internet</strong>: 750 yuan<span id="localcurrency9000-12"></span> per year for cable Internet </li>
<li><strong>Mobile phone</strong>: depends on call frequency but maybe 100 yuan<span id="localcurrency9000-13"></span> to 200 yuan<span id="localcurrency9000-14"></span> per month for medium usage locally (not International, use Skype for that!). </li>
<li><strong>Decent traditional restaurant</strong>: 20 yuan<span id="localcurrency9000-15"></span> to 30 yuan<span id="localcurrency9000-16"></span> for the nice dishes. </li>
<li><strong>Beer or coffee</strong>: 12 yuan<span id="localcurrency9000-17"></span> to 20 yuan<span id="localcurrency9000-18"></span>. </li>
</ul>
<p>I can’t answer the questions about medical insurance, education and cinema costs, because I didn’t need to spend any money on those items.</p>
<p>All up, I found that you could live reasonably comfortably on about 5000 yuan<span id="localcurrency9000-19"></span> per month (or 3000 yuan <span id="localcurrency9000-20"></span>if the rent is paid for you, which is quite common). You could definitely do it cheaper if you had to – <strong>China is a cheap place to live</strong> although prices are rising.</p>
</body></html>
I found that you could live reasonably comfortably on about 5000 yuan (USD$732.00) per month (or 3000 yuan (USD$439.20)if the rent is paid for you, which is quite common).
----
- Cinema RMB50-80
- Fancy restaurant RMB150-200/person per meal
If you plan to own a car:
- Fuel RMB6.50-6.90 per lite
- Insurance from RMB4000 per year depending on what type of car you drive
- Parking from RMB5 per hour downtown
- Additional parking fees to park at your apartment car park RMB5/day
also see [[Herbal preparations]]
[[Skin allergies]]
[[Skin cream ingredients]]
[[Salves]]
[[Lotion bars]]
[[Carrier oils]]
[[Bonus oils]]
[[Essential oils]]
[[Serums]]
----
!Resources
https://makingskincare.com/how-to-make-a-lotioncream-part-1-equipment-and-ingredients/
http://makingskincare.com/
https://swiftcraftymonkey.blog/
https://www.makingcosmetics.com/
http://www.rootsimple.com/2011/11/the-whip-a-homemade-moisturizer-how-to-from-making-it/
http://chemistscorner.com/where-to-find-free-cosmetic-formulas/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2gkDoMNz8RQ
http://www.totalbeauty.com/how-tos/skin-care
http://www.rd.com/health/beauty/8-natural-recipes-for-amazing-skin-from-a-plastic-surgeon/
!Calendula
1 cup Calendula infused oil
1 ounce beeswax (4 Tbsp)
Essential oils of your choice (I used lavender and tangerine)
1 cup tepid water
Jars or tins to hold 2 cups
!Anti-wrinkle
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2288955/Anti-wrinkle-creams-really-work--magic-ingredient.html
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-2591451/Budget-Aldi-cream-promises-beat-wrinkles-just-3-99-really-work.html
https://www.youngliving.com/blog/boswellia-wrinkle-cream-six-ingredients-for-looking-younger/
No7 Protect & Perfect Intense Beauty Serum
----
!Luxurious Easy Anti-wrinkle cream
* 1/2 cup cocoa butter
* 1/4 cup coconut oil
* 1/4 cup sweet almond oil
* 50 drops of Young Living Frankincense essential oil (Buy it here) or learn how to save 24% wholesale here
Instructions
1. In a glass jug, melt down your cocoa butter, coconut oil and almond oil until they become a liquid.
2. Put it in the freezer to harden, for about 20 minutes.
3. Once the mixture is solid again, but not too hard, add the frankincense. Whip it up using an electronic whisk, a food processor with a whisk attachment, a handheld whisk and a bit of elbow grease until the cream is soft and fluffy.
4. Spoon it into a glass jar. It will keep for months.
5. Put this on your face or other area of your body twice a day.
!Muscles
http://coconutsandkettlebells.com/magnesium-body-butter/
50ml coconut oil
50ml shea butter
25ml cup magnesium oil
3 tbsp jojoba oil
20-30 drops peppermint essential oil
!Avocado and shea
http://beautymunsta.com/whipped-shea-butter-avocado-oil-recipe/
Ingredients
• 6 tbsp of raw shea butter
• 2 tbsp of avocado oil
• 1 tsp of vegetable glycerine (optional)
• 5 drops of palma rosa essential oil *optional*
Directions
Gently melt the raw shea butter using a double boiler. Make a make-shift boiler by placing a heat safe bowl in a pan of hot water and heat it using a low flame.
Once melted, place it in the refrigerator for about 5 minutes to harden a bit.
Get it out and whip it using a hand mixer for about 10 to 15 minutes until you end up with a thick whipped cream-like consistency.
Scrape the mixture into clean jars or containers.
Store in a clean dry place.
!Preservatives
[[Leucidal Liquid|http://activemicrotechnologies.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/M15008-Leucidal-Liquid-Technical-Data-Sheet-v14.pdf]]
Tabs are a way of displaying tiddlers in tabular form. Each tab is a separate tiddler; here's how it's done. NB There should be a double arrow bracket to start the code.
<tabs "cookie" "tab name" "tool tip" "tiddler to be displayed">>
which looks like this:
<<tabs "cookie" "tab name" "tool tip" "tiddler to be displayed">>
The code:
<tabs tabsClass [[tab name]] "tool tip" [[tiddler to be displayed]][[Here is another tab <hr>]] "Another Tab" [[<hr>]] >>
----
!Display a listing from a tab - Tag popup
{{{
<<tag help>>
}}}
will result in <<tag help>>
<script>
var out=""
var tids=store.getTaggedTiddlers("Index");
for (var t=0; t<tids.length; t++) {
var url=store.getTiddlerText("SiteUrl");
if (!url) url=document.location.href;
var
permalink=encodeURIComponent(String.encodeTiddlyLink(tids[t].title));
out+="[["+tids[t].title+"|"+url+"#"+permalink+"]]\n";
}
return out;
</script>
My subject is imaginative writing: how it’s done and how to read it; how a writer develops his own distinctive voice and how the reader reacts to it; how the true voice and the public personality sometimes clash, confuse and contradict each other. My point of view is that of an endangered species that used to be called a man of letters, one of those unfortunate people who write not because they are Ancient Mariners with stories they are compelled to tell, or lessons they have to teach, still less because they are entranced by the sound of their own voices, but simply because, when they were young and impressionable, they fell in love with language as musicians fall in love with sound, and thereafter are doomed to explore this fatal attraction in as many ways as they can.
So what I have to say is based on a lifetime of trying to write in several genres: poems, novels and, above all, the kind of higher journalism that universities sometimes dignify as “the literature of fact”: non-fiction books on subjects that happened to interest me - anything from suicide to poker - several of which began as long pieces for The New Yorker. I have also written a great deal of literary criticism which, when I was starting out half a century ago, had not yet become just another arcane academic discipline with a technical vocabulary and specialised interests; it was thought of, instead, as a creative activity in its own right - a writer’s way of describing how other writers handle language and what it is that makes them unique.
Freelance writing is a precarious trade and I feel about it much the same as Mayakovsky felt about suicide: “I don’t recommend it to others,” he wrote, and then put a gun to his head.
Shifting from one literary form to another may mean you end up mastering none, but it has at least one advantage: it keeps you alert. The art of poetry is altogether different from that of prose, just as writing fiction is different from writing non-fiction, and literary criticism is different from them all. Fifty years of writing for a living have taught me that there is only one thing the four disciplines have in common: in order to write well you must learn how to listen. And that, in turn, is one thing writers have in common with readers.
What happens when you sit down with a book? Why do you do it? What’s the pleasure in it? Why do books, poems, even fragments go on being read years, sometimes centuries, after they were written, no matter how many times the death of literature is announced?
I’m not talking about transmitting or acquiring information. On the contrary, at this present moment of change, when the industrial revolution has been superseded by a revolution in information technology, facts and figures have never been easier to come by, although now they are packaged in an appropriately new form.
Yet although computers may be convenient and efficient, they are not quite the neutral instruments they seem to be, and the subtle deformations they create in our attitude to language are dangerous to literature: “A philologist and his wife for dinner... His ambition is to determine, by the use of electrical computation machines, the basic structure of language. Word values and evocations can be determined, he tells me, by machinery, and thus successful poetry can be written by machines. So we get back to the obsolescence of the sentiments. I think of my own sense of language, its intimacy, its mysteriousness, its power to evoke, in a catarrhal pronunciation, the sea winds that blow across Venice or in a hard ‘A’ the massif beyond Kitzbuhel. But this, he tells me, is all sentimentality. The importance of these machines, the drive to legislate, to calibrate words like ‘hope’, ‘courage’, all the terms we use for the spirit.”
John Cheever wrote this some time in the 1950s, long before computers were just another domestic accessory, even before they had a proper name. The philologist’s reductive arrogance and the author’s outraged response are opposing reactions to a simple truth that still applies: information and imaginative writing are different forms of knowledge, demanding different skills and wholly different attitudes to language.
To acquire facts efficiently, scan a synopsis or gut a newspaper, you have to master the art of reading diagonally. Real literature is about something else entirely and it’s immune to speed-reading. That is, it’s not about information, although you may gather information along the way. It’s not even about storytelling, although sometimes that is one of its greatest pleasures. Imaginative literature is about listening to a voice. When you read a novel the voice is telling you a story; when you read a poem it’s usually talking about what its owner is feeling; but neither the medium nor the message is the point. The point is that the voice is unlike any other voice you have heard and it is speaking directly to you, communing with you in private, right in your ear, and in its own distinctive way. It may be talking to you from centuries ago or from a few years back or, as it were, from across the room - bang up to date in the here-and-now. The historical details are secondary; all that really matters is that you hear it - an undeniable presence in your head, and still very much alive, no matter how long ago the words were spoken: “Western wind, when wilt thou blow That the small rain down can rain? Christ, if my love were in my arms And I in my bed again!”
Nobody knows who wrote that poem or even precisely when he wrote it (probably early in the 16th century). But whoever it was is still very much alive - lonely, miserable, hunkered down against the foul weather and a long way from home, yearning for spring and warmth and his girl. Across a gap of five centuries, the man is still our contemporary.
Writing is literally a lively art as well as a creative one. Writers don’t just “hold, as ‘twere, a mirror up to nature” by creating an imitation of life; they create a moment of life itself. That anonymous poet has left the sound of his voice on the air as distinctly as, say, Van Eyck fixed forever the tender marriage of Arnolfini and his wife in paint. The poem breathes from the page as vividly as the long-dead faces and their little dog breathe from the canvas. But it is a two-way pact: the writer makes himself heard and the reader listens in - or, more accurately, the writer works to find or create a voice that will stretch out to the reader, make him prick up his ears and attend.
I think this is something like what happens in psychoanalysis. Of course, there has always been a close connection between imaginative literature and the talking cure, not least because Freud himself read widely and wrote compelling prose. Both these accomplishments were unusual in a scientist and they generated in him an even more unusual respect for the arts. When, during the celebration of his 70th birthday, one of his disciples hailed Freud as “the discoverer of the unconscious” he answered, “The poets and philosophers before me discovered the unconscious. What I discovered was the scientific method by which the unconscious can be studied.”
In the early years, psychoanalysts often seemed to take this connection in a literal, straightforward way. Freud, with his interest in archaeology, laboured to dig up the past and recreate it, almost as a work of art. It was as if psychoanalysis were a kind of dual story-telling: the patient told his story from his point of view and the analyst told it back to him, using his interpretations to give it a new shape and meaning. Freud may have called his method scientific but, in practice, he worked more like a novelist than a researcher, creating form and significance out of the chaos of the unconscious, especially as it expresses itself in dreams, the one area in which the imagination of even the most unimaginative people reveals itself.
And because dreams, in their dotty way, seem creative, this led to a fundamental misunderstanding of the nature of art, particularly in the early days of psychoanalysis, when the idea of sexual symbolism was fresh and exciting and subversive. Instead of reading, say, a poem as a work of art with a life of its own independent of the author - as something which, in Coleridge’s words, “contains in itself the reasons why it is so and not otherwise” - psychoanalysts with a taste for literature often used it as though it were mere dream-stuff, welling up uncensored and unbidden, another “royal road to the unconscious” of the unfortunate author.
A century later, many psychoanalysts tend to be less interested in telling stories or creating an archaeology of the unconscious by digging up the past. They have broadened their focus to study not just the patient’s self and his history but his whole inner world. Because this inner world includes both his self and what analysts call his “internal objects” - imaginative representations of other people, both past and present, with whom the patient is continually entangled - the therapist’s task is to study how these “phantasy” figures are projected in the transference and counter-transference - that is, in the minute changes in the relationship between the patient and the analyst as they occur, moment-by-moment, in the consulting room.
From this more modern perspective, the story matters less than how it is told. Instead of looking for clues, the therapist is listening, like a poet or a critic, to the overtones and undertones, alert to the false notes, to whatever is off-key or flat, distinguishing between the genuine emotions and the fake, monitoring when and how and why he is moved and - equally important - when and why he is bored. It’s about detail and nuance - the body-language and the silences, what is said and what is left unsaid. And as with literature, everything depends on the tone of voice.
D.H. Lawrence was wrong, I think, when he wrote, “One sheds one’s sicknesses in books - repeats and presents one’s emotions to be master of them.” Art is about more than compensation and self-therapy, just as psychoanalysis is about more than relieving symptoms, and cure is too narrow a concept for what either can do at its best. A good poem is as hard to find as a good analysis but, once found, the effect of both is to make you - the reader, the patient - more fully and pleasurably alive.
The writer discovers this liberating and oddly invigorating relationship between psychic reality and aesthetic pleasure when he finds his own voice: it picks the locks, opens the doors and enables him to begin to say what he wants to say. But in order to find his voice he must first have mastered style, and style, in this basic sense, is a discipline that you acquire by hard work, like grammar or punctuation.
Voice is altogether different: “I don’t mean style... “ Philip Roth wrote, in The Ghost Writer, “I mean voice: something that begins at around the back of the knees and reaches well above the head.” Voice, he means, is the vehicle by which a writer expresses his aliveness, and Roth himself is all voice. Style, in the formal or flowery sense, bores him; he has, he has written, “a resistance to plaintive metaphor and poeticised analogy”. His prose is immaculate yet curiously plain and unostentatious, at once unselfconscious and unmistakably his own. Someone once said that reading him is like opening a cellar door and hearing the boiler roar into life. It’s also like being pitched headfirst into a family quarrel, with everyone shouting to be heard; it makes your heart contract with outrage and excitement both at once.
By comparing writing and psychoanalysis, I’m implying that finding your own voice as a writer is like the tricky business of becoming an adult. For a writer, it’s also a basic instinct, like a bird marking out its territory, though not so straightforward or so musical. So how do you do it? First, you do what all young people do: you try on other people’s personalities for size and you fall in love. Young writers, in fact, are a peculiarly promiscuous lot; my schoolboy passions included Eliot, Auden, Housman, Aldous Huxley, one after the other with not a gap between them. Every so often serial promiscuity culminates in le coup de foudre: you hear a voice and recognise it and know it’s for you just as surely as you recognise Miss Right across the room before you’ve ever spoken to her, even when - or especially when - she is hand-in-hand with Mr Wrong.
First, the writer’s voice dazzles you and you read everything you can lay hands on. If that doesn’t cure you, the sickness goes critical and you become obsessed with the beloved’s whole take on life: what he did, where he went, even the kind of people he slept with. You don’t want to be like him, you want to be him. In retrospect, infatuation is as embarrassing as promiscuity, but for the writer it is a necessary part of the weary process of growing up. That’s what happened to me with Aldous Huxley when I was at school and with William Empson and D.H. Lawrence when I got to Oxford. But literary infatuation is the same as other youthful infatuations: it doesn’t last and it’s hard to be friends afterwards. These days, I still admire Empson in a guarded way, but, apart from a handful of stories and poems, I find Lawrence’s shrill nagging almost intolerable. As Auden wrote in The Sea and the Mirror: “I am very glad I shall never / Be twenty and have to go through the business again, / The hours of fuss and fury, the conceit, the expense.”
There are other writers whom you fall for and stay in love with. It happened to me when I was a schoolboy and was given a poem by John Donne to comment on. At that point I had never heard of Donne and I had to read the poem - “Witchcraft by a Picture” - several times before I began to understand it. But I was seduced, at first hearing, by the tone of voice. It was like listening to subtly charged talk, aroused, casual, witty and restlessly argumentative, a curious mixture of logic and tenderness - real tenderness for real women with appetites and sweaty palms and unreliable temperaments. This, I felt, was how poetry should be - alive with feeling yet utterly unsentimental, and with nothing conventionally poetical about it. For a lusty adolescent, shut away in a monkish, sports-mad boarding school where love of poetry was not a weakness you confessed to, it was a revelation, love at first sight, and I never really got over it.
This is an edited extract from “The Writer’s Voice” by Al Alvarez, published in the UK by Bloomsbury on January 17 at £12.99.
Published: January 9 2005 16:04 | Last updated: January 9 2005 16:04
The best ever curries
The world’s top curry chefs have got together for a great new book of recipes to whet your appetite
!Britain
!!Chicken tikka masala
The popularity of chicken tikka masala is testament to Britain’s centuries-old love affair with Indian food. Don’t be shy with the garlic and ginger - this dish is big on bold flavours. For a vegetarian version, cut a block of paneer or tofu into large cubes and add the pieces, without marinating, to the tomato sauce at the end of cooking. Serves 4
675g boned chicken thighs, skinned
juice of 2 limes
1 tsp paprika
11/2 tsp cumin seeds
1/2 tsp coriander seeds
2 shallots, roughly chopped
4 large garlic cloves, roughly chopped
4cm piece fresh root ginger, roughly chopped
2 green chillies, deseeded and roughly chopped
125g plain Greek-style yogurt
1/2 tsp ground garam masala
1 tbs vegetable oil
!!!For the sauce
400g canned chopped tomatoes
1 rounded tsp tomato purée
handful of coriander leaves, roughly chopped
3cm piece fresh root ginger, grated
1 tsp lime juice
1/2 tsp caster sugar
50g unsalted butter
125ml single cream
Cut the chicken thighs into 3cm chunks. Combine the lime juice and paprika and mix with the chicken. Leave on one side. Heat a small heavy-based frying pan over a moderate heat. Add the cumin and coriander seeds and roast for about 1 minute, shaking the pan to prevent them scorching. As soon as they start to colour, tip them onto a plate to cool. Grind to a fine powder in a pestle and mortar, a spice mill or a coffee grinder.
Put the shallots, garlic, ginger and chillies into a food processor. Drain the lime juice and paprika mixture from the chicken and add to the onion mixture. Process until smooth. Tip into a mixing bowl and stir in the yogurt, garam masala and half the coriander and cumin powder. Pour the spiced yogurt mixture over the chicken, turning every piece so that it’s evenly coated. Cover with cling film and marinate overnight in the fridge. If you can, flip the chicken over once or twice while it’s marinating.
Preheat the grill, with the grill pan in place, to its hottest setting.
Take the chicken out of the yogurt marinade and arrange on the hot grill pan. Drizzle with the oil and grill for about 5 minutes on each side or until beginning to char around the edges. Pour any cooking juices into a bowl and skim off any fat. Keep the chicken warm while you make the sauce.
Combine the tomatoes, tomato purée, coriander leaves, ginger, lime juice, sugar and remaining cumin and coriander powder in a blender or food processor and process until smooth. Heat the butter in a saucepan and, when melted, add the spiced tomato mixture and cream. Bring to simmering point, then strain in the reserved cooking juices and add the cooked chicken pieces.
Reheat and serve piping hot, with Indian breads.
!Thailand
!!Green curry of prawns with aubergines and basil
This is quite a thin curry, commonly served with spiced salted beef. Kaffir lime leaves, fresh long chillies and Thai basil are essential garnishes, to give the dish its characteristic savour.
Tradition dictates that the prawns be added to the frying curry paste, but I feel that this can lead to such quick-cooking items being overcooked, as they then continue simmering after the coconut milk is added. I think it is better - and safer - to add the prawns once the curry is made, when adding the vegetables. Almost any meat or fish can be used in place of the prawns.
Serves 4
5 tbs cracked coconut cream
21/2 tbs green curry paste
11/2-3 tbs fish sauce, to taste
250ml coconut milk and/or chicken or prawn stock
3 apple aubergines, stalk removed and each cut into sixths (if cut in advance, keep in salted water to prevent discoloration)
100g picked pea aubergines
8-12 good quality large, raw prawns, cleaned and de-veined
3-4 kaffir lime leaves, torn
3 young green chillies, deseeded and thinly sliced at an elegant angle
handful of Thai basil leaves
1 rounded tbs shredded wild ginger
To make cracked coconut cream, simmer until most of the liquid has evaporated. It will then separate into thin oil and milk solids.
Heat the cracked coconut cream, add the curry paste and fry over a high heat for about 5 minutes, stirring regularly, until fragrant. Make sure the paste is quite oily.
Season with fish sauce, then moisten with the coconut milk or stock, or a mixture of the two. Bring to the boil, then add the apple and pea aubergines. Simmer for a few minutes to cook before adding the prawns. Continue to simmer until they too are cooked.
Finish with the remaining ingredients, then allow to rest for a minute or so before serving. The curry should have a dappling of separated coconut cream floating on top.
!!Jungle curry of chicken with vegetables and peppercorns
A jungle curry is a country curry that is simple and robust in flavour and technique. A green or a red curry paste can be its base. This version is perhaps the most common; however, there are many variations, using frog, game, freshwater fish and prawns as well as a myriad of vegetables reflecting the bounty of the local market. It can be served with pickled red shallots and dried fish or prawns.
Serves 4
200g boneless chicken thigh or breast, skinned if preferred
2 apple aubergines
11/2 tbs vegetable oil
21/2 tbs fish sauce
250-300ml light chicken stock
2 heaped tbs picked pea aubergines
2 heaped tbs snake beans cut into 2cm lengths
3 baby corn, cut into small pieces
a little sliced boiled bamboo (optional)
3 stalks wild ginger, julienned
1 long green chilli, thinly sliced at an angle
2 kaffir lime leaves, torn
handful of holy basil leaves
3 sprigs of fresh green peppercorns
!!!For the red jungle curry paste
10 dried red chillies, deseeded, soaked and chopped
3-4 dried small red chillies, soaked and chopped
a few bird’s eye chillies (optional)
good pinch of salt
2 tsp chopped galangal
21/2 tbs chopped lemongrass
1 rounded tbs chopped wild ginger
1 tsp chopped coriander root
1 tsp chopped kaffir lime zest
21/2 tbs chopped red shallots
21/2 tbs chopped garlic cloves
1 tsp Thai shrimp paste
!!!For the garlic and chilli paste
2 garlic cloves, peeled
pinch of salt
3 stalks wild ginger
3-5 bird’s eye chillies
Slice the chicken into pieces about 2cm long and 5mm thick. Remove the stalks from the apple aubergines, then cut each one into sixths; keep in salted water to prevent discoloration.
To make the garlic and chilli paste, grind all the ingredients with a pestle and mortar. Heat the oil in a wok or heavy saucepan and, when very hot, add the garlic and chilli paste. Fry over a high heat until golden and almost starting to burn. Quickly add 21/2 tbs of the curry paste and continue to fry, stirring to prevent scorching, until explosively fragrant. Season with the fish sauce, then add the stock and bring to the boil. Add the chicken and all the aubergines. Simmer for a minute or so or until cooked.
Add the remaining ingredients. Simmer for a few more moments. Check the seasoning, then serve.
!11Pakistan
Potato curry
When you are not sure what to cook, or you have to prepare a meal in a hurry, potato curry is always the answer. You can eat it for breakfast on toast, topped with a couple of fried eggs, lunch or dinner, alone or as part of a meal. It’s great as a left-over too. All varieties of potatoes can be used, even young. This is true comfort food. It can be made in advance and reheated in the pan on a low heat or in a microwave.
Serves 3-4
2 tbs sunflower oil
1 large onion, finely chopped
2 large plum tomatoes, skinned and chopped
8 red chillies
1/2 tsp red chilli powder
1 tsp cumin seeds
salt
500g potatoes, peeled and diced, or whole new potatoes
chopped coriander leaves to garnish
Heat the oil in a saucepan, add the onion and cook until slightly browned. Add the chopped tomatoes, then stir in the chillies, chilli powder, cumin seeds and salt to taste. Add 125ml water and cook, stirring, until excess liquid has evaporated.
Add the potatoes together with another 125ml water. Stir well to coat the potatoes with the spice mixture, then put the lid on the pan. Cook for 15-20 minutes or until the potatoes are tender but not breaking up.
Remove the lid and continue cooking until the oil separates out. Garnish with chopped coriander and serve hot.
!Indonesia
!!Hot and sour prawn curry
This is one of the wide variety of prawn curries that are popular all over Indonesia. There are hot and sour prawns and many more cooked in coconut milk and tamarind. The hotness, of course, comes from chillies, so reduce the quantity of these if you prefer your food less hot. The sourness comes from a combination of tamarind and tomatoes. There is no need to add any sugar, because the dish contains so much onion, and the tamarind itself is sweet as well as sour. For convenience, you can fry the prawns and make the sauce ahead of time. Then, before serving, reheat the sauce and, when hot, add the prawns to finish the cooking.
Serves 4
12-16 raw king or tiger prawns, peeled, with last tail section left on, and de-veined
1 tsp coarse sea salt
1/2 tsp ground turmeric
1/2 tsp chilli powder
3 tbs groundnut oil
!!!For the sauce
3 tbs groundnut oil
3 large red onions, chopped
4 garlic cloves, finely sliced
1 tbs finely chopped fresh root ginger
2-6 large green chillies, deseeded and thinly sliced diagonally
1 tsp ground coriander
6-8 large, red and ripe tomatoes, skinned and chopped
3-4 tbs tamarind water
salt
chopped spring onions and deep-fried shallots to garnish
Rub the prawns with the sea salt, turmeric and chilli powder, then set aside for 10-12 minutes. Heat the oil and, when hot, fry the prawns, in two batches, for not more than 2 minutes each batch. They will not be fully cooked at this point. Drain on kitchen paper.
To make the sauce, heat the oil in a wok or large frying pan. Add the onions and fry, stirring often, for 8-10 minutes or until they are soft and just starting to colour. Add the garlic, ginger and chillies and stir-fry for a minute or so, then add the ground coriander and stir for another minute. Put in the chopped tomatoes and the tamarind juice, stir them around and cook on a low heat for 3-4 more minutes. Adjust the seasoning.
Add the prawns to the sauce and stir them around for 2 minutes or until hot and cooked through. Slice the shallots thinly and evenly and deep fry in hot oil stirring constantly, until golden. Spread on kitchen paper to cool. Serve the curry immediately, with the spring onions and shallots scattered on top. As a main course dish, the accompaniment can be rice, noodles or bread, with salad or plain cooked vegetables.
!Rajasthan
!!Fiery lamb curry
As the name suggests, this is a very hot dish, not for people with a weak constitution. This is one of the few Indian dishes that contains heat in every sense - both ‘chilli hot’ and ‘spice hot’. You can decide the amount of heat you’d like. Discard most of the seeds from the chillies if you want to reduce the heat, or keep them in if you want it really hot.
Serves 4
25-35 dried red chillies, stalks removed
11/2 tsp cloves
150g ghee or vegetable oil
250g plain yogurt, whisked until smooth
2 tsp cumin seeds, roasted
20g ground coriander
1 tsp red chilli powder
2 tsp salt
3 cinnamon leaves or bay leaves
6 green cardamom pods
5 black cardamom pods
75g garlic cloves, finely chopped
250g onions, finely chopped
1kg leg of lamb or goat with bone chopped into 2.5cm cubes
750ml lamb stock or water
30g coriander leaves, finely chopped
Set aside 3 or 4 of the dried chillies to use later; put the remainder to soak in 125ml water. Also put aside 4-6 of the cloves and 1 tbs of the ghee. Mix the yogurt with the cumin seeds, ground coriander, chilli powder and salt in a bowl. Set aside.
Heat the rest of the ghee in a heavy-bottomed pan. Add the remaining cloves, the cinnamon leaves and the green and black cardamoms. When they begin to crackle and change colour, add the garlic. Sauté for 2 minutes or until the garlic begins to turn golden. Add the onions and cook for 10 minutes or until golden brown, stirring constantly. Stir in the meat and cook for 2-3 minutes. Drain the red chillies and add to the pan.
Continue cooking for 10-12 minutes or until the liquid has evaporated and the meat starts to brown. Now add the spiced yogurt and cook for another 10-12 minutes or until the liquid from the yogurt has evaporated. Add the stock or water and bring to the boil, then cover the pan, reduce the heat and simmer until the meat is tender. Check the seasoning. Remove from the heat and keep warm.
To prepare the tadka, or tempering, which boosts the flavours, heat up the reserved ghee or oil in a large ladle over a flame (or in a small pan) and add the reserved cloves and dried red chillies. Cook for 1-2 minutes or until the ghee changes colour and the spice flavours are released. Pour the contents of the ladle over the lamb curry, sprinkle with the chopped coriander and serve.
!South India
!!Vegetables with lentils
Sambar is the most famous accompaniment for the traditional pancake-like breads called dosas, and it is the curry always served first at any feast in southern India. It is the dish of the common man.
Serves 4
100g split yellow lentils (toor dal)
1 tsp ground turmeric
1 tsp chilli powder
2 onions, cut into small pieces
100g carrots, peeled and cut into 2.5cm (1in) pieces
100g green beans (frozen or fresh), cut into 2.5cm pieces
3 tomatoes, quartered
100g potatoes, peeled and cut into cubes
3-4 tbs tamarind water
salt
!!!For the sauce
100g freshly grated coconut or desiccated coconut
2 tsp coriander seeds
1 dried red chilli
!!!For tempering
1 tbs vegetable oil
1 tsp mustard seeds
10 curry leaves
3 dried red chillies
For the spice paste, roast the coconut and spices until brown. Leave to cool, then grind in a food processor, gradually adding about 250ml water to make a fine paste.
Bring 300ml of water to the boil and add the lentils, turmeric, chilli powder and onions. Simmer until the lentils are well cooked.
Add the carrots, beans, tomatoes and potatoes and stir well. Cover and cook for 10 minutes or until the vegetables are tender. Add the tamarind water and salt to taste. Cover and cook for 5 minutes.
Stir in the spice paste. Bring to the boil, then reduce the heat to moderate and cook, uncovered, for 5 minutes, stirring occasionally.
For tempering, heat the oil in a frying pan and add the mustard seeds. As they begin to pop, add the curry leaves and dried red chillies. Pour this over the curry and gently stir through. Serve hot.
!North India
!!Stir-fry of paneer cheese with peppers
A kadhai, or karahi, is the Indian wok, and this is the Indian answer to a stir-fry. This style of cooking is very versatile and quick if you prepare a basic sauce in advance, then it’s simply a question of choosing your meat, fish or vegetables and degree of spiciness. You may want to keep a jar of this basic kadhai sauce in your fridge.
The kadhai method is becoming particularly popular with youngsters and people who are learning to cook and want to try out different things without spending a lot of time in the kitchen.
Serves 4-6
1 tbs ghee or corn oil
1/2 tsp crushed dried chillies
2 red or yellow peppers, deseeded and cut into strips 1 x 3cm
1 red onion, sliced 1cm thick
600g paneer, cut into 3cm batons
20g coriander leaves, finely chopped
1/2 tsp dried fenugreek leaves, crumbled
juice of 1 lemon
5cm piece fresh root ginger, cut into julienne
!!!For the basic kadhai sauce
80g ghee or corn oil
30g garlic cloves, finely chopped
15g coriander seeds, coarsely pounded
8 red chillies, coarsely pounded in a mortar
2 onions, finely chopped
5cm piece fresh root ginger, finely chopped
3 green chillies, finely chopped
750g fresh ripe tomatoes, finely chopped
2 tsp salt
1 tsp ground garam masala
11/2 tsp dried fenugreek leaves, crumbled
1 tsp sugar (optional)
To make the sauce, heat the ghee in a pan, add the garlic and let it colour. Stir, then add the coriander seeds and red chillies. When they release their aromas, add the onions and cook until they start changing to light golden. Stir in the ginger, green chillies and tomatoes. Reduce the heat to low and cook until all excess moisture has evaporated and the fat starts to separate out. Add the salt, garam masala and fenugreek leaves and stir. Add some sugar, if needed.
For the stir-fry, heat the ghee in a kadhai, wok or large frying pan. Add the crushed chillies, pepper strips and red onion. Stir and sauté on a high heat for under a minute, then add the paneer and stir for another minute. Add the sauce and mix well. Once everything is heated through, check the seasoning. Finish with the fresh coriander, fenugreek leaves and lemon juice. Garnish with the ginger and serve with naan bread.
!Thailand
!!Coconut and turmeric curry of red snapper
Most southern curries are rich with coconut cream. This curry should be hot, salty and a little tart. Almost any seafood can be used in place of the snapper, especially crab. Serve with cucumber, mint and coriander, and rice.
Serves 4
500ml coconut milk
250ml light chicken stock or water
2 stalks lemongrass, bruised
white sugar
4 tbs tamarind water
4 tbs fish sauce, or to taste
200g red snapper fillet or a 400g whole red snapper, gutted and scaled
handful of torn ‘betel’ leaves (optional)
120ml coconut cream
5 kaffir lime leaves, finely shredded
!!!For the curry paste
6 dried long red chillies, soaked and chopped
3-4 dried small red chillies
pinch of salt
a few bird’s eye chillies
50g chopped lemongrass
4 tbs chopped red shallots
21/2 tbs chopped garlic
1 rounded tbs chopped red turmeric
1 rounded tbs Thai shrimp paste
To make the curry paste, put all the ingredients in a blender and blend for 3-4 minutes, stopping to scrape down the insides of the jug every so often.
Combine the coconut milk with the stock in a saucepan, add the lemongrass and bring to the boil.
Season with a little sugar, the tamarind water and fish sauce and add 4 tbs curry paste. Simmer for a minute before adding the fish and ‘betel’ leaves. Continue to simmer until the fish is cooked.
Check the seasoning, then finish by stirring in the coconut cream. Serve sprinkled with the shredded kaffir lime leaves.
!Laos
!!Green prawn curry with fresh dill
Fresh dill, sometimes referred to as Laotian coriander, is widely used in Laos for fish or other seafood dishes. The dill fronds are added at the last minute as a garnish. Eat this with steamed sticky rice.
Serves 4
3 tbs vegetable oil
5 tbs Thai curry paste
1 tbs shrimp paste
1 tbs palm or granulated sugar
500ml thick coconut milk
500ml chicken or vegetable stock
4-6 kaffir lime leaves, bruised
fish sauce to taste
2 large waxy potatoes, peeled and cut into 2.5cm pieces
675g raw tiger prawns, peeled and de-veined
1 bunch of dill
Heat the oil in a pot over a moderately high heat and stir-fry the curry paste for about 2 minutes or until just golden and fragrant. Add the shrimp paste (breaking it up) and palm sugar, and stir-fry for 1 minute or until fragrant. Reduce the heat and add the coconut milk, stock, kaffir lime leaves and fish sauce to taste. Add the potatoes, cover and cook for 20 minutes.
Add the prawns and stir well, then cover again and cook for about 5 minutes or until they turn pink. Serve hot, garnished with dill fronds.
!South India
!!Shallow-fried masala sardines
For a feast, this dry curried fish makes a fantastic combination with wetter chicken and meat dishes. It’s crunchy and has a delicious spicy flavour. Serve it as a dry side dish or with plain rice or a green salad as a main dish. Pomfret or any flat fish can be used instead of sardines.
Serves 2-4
4 sardines, about 300g in total
5 tbs vegetable oil
1 small onion, finely sliced
small handful of chopped coriander leaves
wedges of lemon
!!!For the spice paste
1 onion, chopped
2 green chillies, chopped
1cm piece fresh root ginger, finely chopped
10 curry leaves
10 black peppercorns
1/2tsp chilli powder
1/2 tsp ground turmeric
2 tbs wine or cider vinegar
1 tsp lemon juice
salt
Place all the ingredients for the spice paste in a food processor or blender. Process for 2-3 minutes to make a fine paste. Set aside.
Wash the fish under cold running water, then pat dry with kitchen paper. With a very sharp knife, make some slashes about 2.5cm apart along the whole length of the fish, on both sides. Don’t cut too deeply, just enough to break the skin and cut slightly into the flesh.
Place the fish on a baking tray and spread the spice paste all over the fish, ensuring that it penetrates well into the cuts. Leave to marinate for 15-20 minutes.
Heat 2 tbs of the oil in a large frying pan. Add the onion and cook for 5-6 minutes over a very high heat until the onion is well browned and crisp. Remove the onion from the pan and drain on kitchen paper.
Heat the remaining oil in the same pan over a low heat. Carefully place the fish in the pan, cover and cook for about 6 minutes on each side. Turn the fish once only during cooking to avoid breaking it up. Cook until the skin is brown and the flesh is cooked thoroughly.
Carefully remove the fish and place on a large serving dish. Sprinkle the crisp onions over the fish and garnish with coriander and lemon wedges.
Recipes by Roopa Gulati, David Thompson, Mahmood Akbar, Sri Owen, Vivek Singh, Das Sreedharan and Corinne Trang.
• Extracted from Curry, published by Dorling Kindersley on 5 October 2006, price £16.99. ©Dorling Kindersley 2006. For a special advance publication offer for OFM readers of only £14.99, call the DK Bookshop now on 08700 707717 quoting reference CURRY and ISBN 1405315725. Allow up to 14 days for delivery. Offer open to UK residents only, subject to availability. Includes free P&P
Guardian Unlimited © Guardian News and Media Limited 2007
Police K-BAND:24.150GHz+/-175MHz 1200-2500M
Police X-BAND:10.525GHz+/-100MHz 1500-2500M
Police KA-BAND:34.700GHz+/-1300MHz 800-1500M
Tripod K-BAND:24.125GHz+/-175MHz 250-1200M
Tripod KU-BAND:13.450GHz+/-125MHz 450-1500M
Tripod KA-BAND:33.400GHz+/-1300MHz 200-600M
----
Power:12V 1:Margin of error:+/-10M 2:Distance:0-999M
Voltage:150-300mA
----
Laser Beam:904mn+/-33KMHz 1:Margin of error:+/-10M 2:Distance:0-999M
VG-2:11.150GHz+/-175MHz 1:Margin of error:+/-10M 2:Distance:0-999M
Wireless duplex transmission frequency:2.4GHz+/-410MHz 1:Margin of error:+/-10M 2:Distance:0-999M
!Operation
Two mode: city mode, to alert the motion signals,when "+" button is pressed, the vocal report will be reported every 10s,and it will turn to default setting when the motion signal disappeared; high way mode,
it is the default setting, it will report each time when receving signal with high sensitivity.
Press left button for adjusting volume
Press right button for shifting between city mode and high way mode
(pressing for 3 seconds to change the languague).
"Mode" button for increasing screen brightness
!What the bands mean
Most of today’s radar detectors detect signals across a variety of wavelength bands — usually X, K and Ka (as well as Ku, in Europe.)
!Useful DIY sites
http://www.ultimatehandyman.co.uk
http://www.fixfault.com
http://www.diynot.com
http://www.diydoctor.org.uk
http://www.familyhandyman.com/
http://www.handymanknowhow.co.uk/index.htm
http://www.afi-uplift.co.uk/wearaharness.asp
http://www.ereplacementparts.com/
https://www.familyhandyman.com/
https://www.hometips.com/
!Find a tradesman
http://www.trustmark.org.uk/
http://www.mybuilder.com/
http://www.ratedpeople.com/
http://www.myhammer.co.uk/
http://www.trustatrader.com/
!!Chimney seeps
http://www.acleanchimneysweep.co.uk/chimney-cleans
----
[[Boilers and Central Heating]]
[[Tools of the Trade]]
[[White goods]]
----
http://shop.ukwhitegoods.co.uk/
!Reclamation shops
N E Reclamation Supplies Ltd.
Unit 9 Chainbridge Road Blaydon, Blaydon-On-Tyne Phone : 0191-4143487
www.reclaimed.uk.net
!Glazing
Glass, Acrylic (Perspex) or Polycarbonmate
http://www.theplasticshop.co.uk - clear polycarbonate andd perspex
http://www.theplasticpeople.co.uk
http://www.cutplasticsheeting.co.uk/faq/
https://plasticonline.co.uk/ - cheapest?
http://www.plasticstockist.com/ - Newcastle
*To saw plastic:
Use a saw of 32 teeth per inch for one-eighth of an inch and one-tenth of an inch plastic, and 14 to 18 teeth per inch for one-quarter of an inch or a scribing tool
smoothing can be done in several ways. Many use a fine-tooth file, or medium-grit sandpaper wrapped around a sanding block, but one of the quickest and neatest methods is by scraping the edges with a sharp-edged piece of metal.
The rebate should be bedded with a non hardening compound (butyl) to provide a bed between the back rebate and glass of approximately 1mm to 1.5mm.
*Frosting clear plastic
Rust-oleum® Frosted Glass finish
http://www.decowall.co.uk/index.php/window-film/84055-flower-pattern-decorative-frosted-window-film.html
*Double glazing
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gQ1rDa_Heuo
!Percentages and formulas
http://www.ingredientstodiefor.com/item/Ingredient_Formula_Percentage_Calculator/865#
DMAE cream - 3 or 4%
DMAE (also known as 2-Dimethylaminoethanol and deanol) improves the firmness of the skin and helps reduce the visual appearance of sagging skin (cutis laxa).
The actual percentage of DMAE by weight in the DMAE bitartrate salt is about 37%. To achieve a concentration of 3% DMAE in 120ml you will need about 10 gm DMAE bitartrate (the rest will be the tartaric acid).
*10g in 120ml
*3g in 30ml
!DMAE Spray 1
1. I’m using a 4 oz spray bottle and I’m putting 1 1/4 teaspoons of DMAE powder
2. Use warm water to make sure the DMAE dissolves
3. Shake the mixture
4. Spray on your makeup free face. (you may apply moisturizer on top)
5. Let is absorb into you skin
6. Spray a little more on top and let it absorb again ( I like to ensure it’s evenly spread)
7. Within 20 minutes your skin will look firmer and also help with wrinkles
!DMAE Spray 2
#Dissolve 2 teaspoons DMAE powder into 8 Tablespoons distilled water, mix well and add 2 teaspoons of glycerin.
#Keep in a mister bottle and store in the fridge so it remains active and effective. Make fresh every 2 weeks.
#Spray over clean skin morning and night before applying moisturiser. Can also be used over make up for a skin tightening lift throughout the day.
!Research
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15675889
!European
https://www.cyclinguk.org/cyclists-library/components/wheels-tyres/tyre-sizes
*The size in mm according to the European ETRTO standard, for example 47—622, where the first number indicates the width of the inflated tyre and the second the inside diameter in mm ie the bead diameter at which the tyre fits onto the rim
*The size in inches with two numbers, for example 28″ × 1¾″, where the first number indicates the outside diameter of an inflated tyre in nominal inches and the second number indicates the height from the bead to the top as well as the width.
*The size in inches with three numbers, such as 28″ × 1?″ × 1?″. In this case the second number is the height and the third number is the width.
Adult road bikes come with ‘700c’ wheels – under the ETRTO/ISO this measurement is 622mm.
----
Wheel: 700cc = 622x17 (rim's internal width)
Tyre: 37-622 (ISO) = 28 x 1 5/8 x 1 3/8 (Imperial) MI2705
----
Any tyre marked xx-622 will, at a pinch, fit any 622mm rim.
Look for the ISO numbers and you always know exactly where you are.
Some rims are also now marked according to ISO with their bead diameter and internal section (width where the tyre fits): e.g. 622–17 for the size usually fitted to touring and hybrid bikes.
International trafficker found dead in London flat was suspect in gangland killing of Colombian dealer
Tony Thompson, crime correspondent
Sunday November 16, 2003
The Observer
A British woman accused of taking part in a brutal and cold-blooded gangland killing has been found dead in her London home, prompting speculation that she may have been murdered by underworld enemies.
Bournemouth-born Beverley Storr, 44, was believed to have been responsible for the death of Colombian drug dealer Arturo Miranda, whose body was pulled from a canal 50 miles north of Copenhagen in January 2001. Miranda, 54, had his hands tied behind his back and his throat was cut. He is believed to have been tortured for hours before he was shot through the back of the head at point-blank range.
Storr, a leading figure in international drugs smuggling, vanished from her cottage in Denmark around the time of the murder. Neighbours saw her hurriedly cleaning the house soon before she disappeared. A forensics team found traces of blood, leading police to conclude that the killing took place there before the body was dumped. Witnesses said Miranda had been staying at the cottage.
A few days later, Storr's red British-registered Volvo car was found abandoned at a railway station near the German border. She and her then lover, Reginald Blythin, 55, from Chester, were put on Interpol's list of most wanted fugitives.
Storr spent years arranging for large quantities of drugs worth millions of pounds to be smuggled from Spain to Britain until she was caught in Malaga with 1.5 tons of cannabis worth £3 million. She was jailed for four years in 1997, and freed in January 2001.
She returned briefly to Britain before heading back to Spain and on to Denmark, where she set up home in the village of Hou.
After the murder she is believed to have used her international underworld contacts to keep ahead of police. However, she was arrested in in July 2002 after being surrounded by armed police acting on a tip-off as she tried to board a flight at Schiphol airport, Amsterdam, using a fake Spanish passport. Blythin is still on the run.
Storr was detained until last month, when she was released. She returned to London and moved into a flat in Newington Green Road, Islington, with a new boyfriend. It was he who returned home late on Sunday 3 November and found her dead in the living room.
Police officers called to the scene told the coroner her death was not suspicious, but they were not then aware of Storr's background. The coroner has promised to expedite his investigation in response to numerous requests for information from the Danish press.
Henrik Madsen, a journalist on Århus Stiftstidende, the newspaper that covers the village where Miranda's body was found, told The Observer that Storr had to be freed, even though she was charged with murder.
The Danish police wanted to try Storr and Blythin together, but he had disappeared, said Madsen. 'You can't keep people in custody for ever, and time went on and on. The Danish legal system says the police must give a judge good reasons to keep holding someone. They simply ran out of arguments.'
Instead of waiting for the court to order her release, the Danish police made a special request for her to be allowed to go on the grounds that they had obtained all the information they needed from her. Many Danes believe this was a ploy aimed at getting Storr to lead them to Blythin.
A leading Danish paper, Ekstra Bladet said the officer in charge of the murder inquiry, who contacted police in London to check the circumstances surrounding the death, had refused to say whether Storr had been under surveillance.
Storr was being treated for depression, and a bottle of pills was found near her body. It is not yet clear how many - if any - she had taken.
The Danish authorities believe Storr's medication may have been tampered with, or she could have been forced to take an overdose to stop her from talking.
Although Blythin is a potential suspect, Storr's criminal record and high-level connections with organised crime mean many other people could have been just as keen to silence her. The results of toxicology tests carried out on her body will not be available until the new year at the earliest. When The Observer called at the flat she shared with her last boyfriend there was no answer.
Storr was also suspected of involvement in the murder of a Briton, John McCormick, 47, who was shot at his flat in Copenhagen on New Year's Eve. His terrified girlfriend saw the shooting.
McCormick, a convicted drugs smuggler from Liverpool, is believed to have fled to Scandinavia after he 'ripped off' British drug dealers based in Spain. Fellow tenants say his flat had a lot of visitors, and police believe he was dealing drugs. He entered Denmark from Spain the previous summer on a false passport in the name of Ronald Carey.
One flatmate told the police that McCormick had become increasingly ill at ease before his death. He is believed to have had regular contact with Storr and Blythin.
Blythin has served time in Britain for drugs and robbery offences and has underworld contacts in Norway, the Netherlands, Belgium, France and Spain. He may be attempting to contact his family in the UK. He is on Scotland Yard's wanted list, but is believed to have visited this country several times since going on the run.
Go to source: ?T=12&D=439321
[[Welcome]]
[[Artificial Intelligence]]
[[Latest news]]
[[TagCloud]]
Index
Useful dentistry websites
|E-learning|http://www.dentistry.bham.ac.uk/ecourse/|
+++^[Shopping]
http://www.therabreath.com/index.asp
===
!Root Canal treatment
http://www.medicinenet.com/root_canal/article.htm
!Tooth Abscess
!!Odd cures for an abscess
#Eat cashew nuts for 24 hours - http://charles_w.tripod.com/tooth.html
!Fillings
You can create a temporary seal (at least several weeks) with a mixture of zinc oxide and oil of eugenol (a complicated benzoic alcohol). There is a zinc oxide - calcium oxide composition called Biocalexwhich they claim is superior to zinc oxide since it is said to fill the tooth tubules and displace anaerobic bacteria, and thus make it also superior to gutta percha.
!250 calories or less
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/food-and-drink/features/52-diet-healthy-fasting-recipes-250-calories-or-less/
!Breakfast under 100 calories
http://www.goodtoknow.co.uk/recipes/pictures/34868/breakfast-under-100-calories/10
!Fill Power and the Down: Feather Ratio
The fill power is a measure of the loft, or ‘fluffiness’ of the jacket, which is related to its insulating ability per weight. A higher fill power also enables the jacket to be compressed more easily. Thus a higher fill power means that the jacket will be warmer than one of a lower fill power rating for the same weight. 500-550 is a good loft rating, 550-750 is very good, whilst 750 is excellent.
http://www.downjacket.org.uk/down-jacket-features
!Cleaning
1. Brush down the jacket to removed dried on mud and debris.
2 Once you have the correct machine /washing area arranged, you can start washing the jacket. First wash it in water with no detergent. You shoudl gently squeeze the jacket and kneed in water until saturated.
3. Remove the jacket from the washer or the bath, and squeeze until the water runs clear.
4. Wash the down jacket with a special detergent suitable for down. Use two thirds of a cup. Ideally use Nikwax or Granger s Direct wash in at this stage. Do not use a household detergent which may harm your jacket irreparibly.
5. If the down jacket has a DWR coating, you can reproof it at this point. (Again, a Nikwax reproofer or similar is reccommended.)
6. Dry your down jacket on a flat towel and let it dry naturally, or use a dryer on the lowest possible setting. A hotter heat will not dry it quickly, it may just break down the seams of the jacket.
7. Allow around 3-4 hours for full drying. Shaking the jacket will allow all areas of the down to gain access to air and heat, and will prevent cold clumps of down forming. hang the jacket on a padded hanger and allow access to natural air where possible.
Cleaning down can be a time consuming process, but if done correctly, your jacket should retain loft and effectiveness.
http://www.drugs.com/
!Consumer Information
http://www.drugdigest.org/DD/Home
!Example e-learning modules
http://www2.academee.com/html/elearning/demo/demo.html
!Hidden bargains
http://www.moneysavingexpert.com/shopping/ebay-protection - lots of tips
http://www.watchcount.com/ and http://www.nobids.net/search.php - for 0 bids
http://www.goofbid.com/ - wrong spelling
http://www.lastminute-auction.com/uk/
The written word is a powerful medium…one of the most powerful in marketing. If you use it correctly you create valuable materials that your prospects will want to hang on to. And then when they need a service that you offer, they’re one step closer to choosing you.
When people think of copywriting, they often think of the typical brochure or flyer or newspaper ad. If you fall into that category, here are eight other ways you can use copywriting to build your business.
1) Write a sales letter
Direct sales promotions gross over one and a half trillion dollars a year. It’s a proven medium and it’s easy to track so you can see just how well your marketing investment is doing.
2) Write a case study
Case studies are a great credibility builder. They tell the story of how you solved a common problem for a client. They’re loaded with facts and figures and testimonials from the client. A good case study can be the tipping point for a prospect deciding to work with you.
3) Write a white paper
A white paper is a semi-academic piece covering a general problem in the industry and how your product addresses and solves the problem. White papers range from a simple two-page explanation to a visually-rich multi-page discussion. They involve a lot of research and take an objective tone, giving the impression that you are both and expert and have the answers they’re looking for.
4) Write an article Articles are another expert-image-building tool. You can publish articles online, over email (like this one), in your local paper, or in a trade publication. A well-written article is worth its weight in name recognition, especially if you get it published in the right place.
5) Write a newsletter A regular newsletter is an ideal way to keep in touch with your existing clientele. Newsletters help generate repeat business and they add value to your services which means they build loyalty among your clients.
6) Write a report Do you have a wide range of products or services? Write a helpful and informative report to clarify for your clients how you can best be of service to them. Or, if you offer a service that takes prep work on the client’s part, provide them a report that will help them do what they need to do to get the most out of your services.
7) Write a booklet Write a booklet related to the product or service you offer. Do you sell digital cameras? Create a booklet explaining how to use different features. Do you run a restaurant? Make a booklet filled with recipes for past specials and include a coupon in the back. Do you do accounting? Create a booklet on getting organized for the tax year.
8) Write an ebook An ebook is like a booklet, but longer and because of the medium, more interactive. An ebook is usually rich in online resources as well as information on your chosen topic.
Copywriting is a great tool for building your business and something you should use in nearly every aspect of your marketing. If you don’t have the talent or the time for copywriting yourself, look around on the web-there are scores of talented copywriters waiting to be of service.
Eight Ways to Use Copywriting to Build Your Business
by Heather R
https://www.domyos.co.uk/advice/video-exercises-elastiband-a_165843
http://videos.domyos.co.uk/exos/Elastiband
American elderberry (Sambucus canadensis) shrubs, often called simply American elders, produce an abundant amount of fruit each summer. The blue-black berries, each barely more than 1/8 inch in diameter, grow in large clusters and are a favorite of wildlife. Usually available in midsummer, the juicy clusters can be gathered by the bucketful and make excellent juice, jelly and wine. The plant grows in rich, moist soil of woodlands, stream and river banks, gullies, fencerows, and along margins of fields, right-of-ways and pastures. They grow from eastern Texas up to the southeastern corner of South Dakota, then eastward to the Atlantic and northeastward through New England and southern Canada.
Related cousins are the blue elder (Sambucus cerulea), Mexican elder (Sambucus mexicana), black berried elder (Sambucus melanocarpa)--all of which are edible. Also, the toxic red fruited elder (Sambucus pubens) and very bitter (but not poisonous) Pacific elder (Sambucus callicarpa). All produce white or yellowish-white flowers in late spring or early summer. These develop into light green berries which change color just before ripening. The blue elder grows in the western United States from the Rockies to the Pacific, although it is also seen in extreme West Texas and New Mexico.
The cooked ripe berries of the edible elders are harmless, but raw elderberries can cause nausea if eaten in quantity. Unripe berries and all parts of the elder plant itself are mildly toxic. The ripe berries are rather distasteful eaten raw, although I've heard you can develop a taste for them. Wine made from the uncooked berries is neither toxic nor distasteful. Indeed, it is delicious. Still, some people prefer to cook the berries before making wine. This renders the juice quite delicious as is, but it cerainly improves when made into wine. I do not believe there is any difference in taste between the wines made from uncooked and cooked berries, but the cooked berry wine seems more colorfast than the uncooked berry wine.
There are many recipes for fresh elderberry wine. I live in Texas, where elderberries are native but not as common as elsewhere, and so I always use dried, imported ones. Still, I have many recipes for fresh elderberry wine. I've included two of the better recipes below. The first recipe only uses 3 pounds of berries while the second uses 10 pounds. This is a huge difference and the wines reflect it, but both wines are very good. If at all possible, preserve the wonderful color of elderberry wine by placing the secondary fermentation vessel in a closet or other dark place. Similarly, either bottle the wine in dark bottles or store the bottles in a dark place. When you pour a glass, you'll be glad you did.
ELDERBERRY WINE (1)
3 lbs fresh, ripe elderberries
2-1/2 lbs finely granulated sugar
3-1/2 quarts water
2 tsp acid blend
1 tsp yeast nutrient
1/2 tsp pectic enzyme
1 crushed Campden tablet
Montrachet wine yeast
Bring water to boil and stir in sugar until dissolved. Meanwhile, wash, inspect and destem the elderberries. Put them in nylon straining bag, tie closed, and put in primary. Wearing sterilized rubber gloves, mash the elderberries and cover with the boiling sugar-water. Cover and set aside to cool. When lukewarm, add acid blend, yeast nutrient and crushed Campden tablet. Cover primary and wait 12 hours, then stir in pectic enzyme. Recover primary and wait another 12 hours, then add yeast. Cover and stir daily, gently squeezing the bag to extract flavor from the berries (don't forget the gloves or you'll be sorry). Ferment 14 days, then drip drain the elderberries (don't squeeze). Combine drippings with juice and set aside overnight. Rack into secondary and fit airlock. Put in dark place to protect the color from light. Ferment two months and rack, top up and refit airlock. Repeat two months later and again two months after that. Stabilize and wait 10 days. Rack, sweeten to taste and bottle. Store bottles in dark place for one year. Then enjoy. [Adapted from Terry Garey's The Joy of Home Winemaking]
ELDERBERRY WINE (2)
10 lbs fresh, ripe elderberries
2-1/4 lbs finely granulated sugar
6 pints water
1 tsp acid blend
1 tsp yeast nutrient
1/2 tsp pectic enzyme
Montrachet wine yeast
Wash, destem and inspect the berries for ripeness and soundness. Put berries in a stainless steel or enameled pot with 3/4 pound of sugar and half the water. Slowly bring to boil while stirring occasionally and turn off heat. Cover and set aside to cool to room temperature. Strain berries over primary through a nylon straining bag and hang bag over primary to drip drain for two hours. Very gently press pulp to extract a little more juice, but do not overdo this. Stir in remaining sugar and dry ingredients (except yeast) and stir well to dissolve. Add enough water to bring to one gallon and add yeast. Cover primary and wait for active fermentation. Ferment 2 weeks and siphon off sediments into secondary. Top up and fit airlock. Ferment two months, rack, top up, and refit airlock. Repeat after additional two months. Stabilize, wait 10 days, rack, sweeten to taste, and bottle. Age one year before tasting. [Adapted from Julius H. Fessler's Guidelines to Practical Winemaking]
During today’s lesson you are going to look at the language used in newspaper reports. Once you have finished one worksheet, ask your teacher for the next one. Each worksheet is a little bit harder than the last one, but by the end of it you will be an expert! Do not worry if you do not get to the end.
If something is emotive it makes people emotional. If you had just had your new mountain bike stolen then your friends might avoid boasting about their bikes: bikes are an emotive subject for you at the moment. You feel very emotional. Newspapers often choose emotive language (words) to get their readers to react emotionally to a story. If you call an event a ‘riot’ rather than a ‘disturbance’ you are much more likely to get your readers excited.
Task One:
Below are four pairs of headlines. Decide which one of the pair is most likely to excite the reader, (a) or (b)? Give reasons for your choice.
1. (a) Scabs thrown out of the union
(b) Strike breakers must leave union
2. (a) School blaze
(b) Fire at school
3. (a) Skilful Owen
(b) Owen magic
4. (a) Lennox Lewis injured
(b) Lennox Lewis agony
Task Two:
Now read the headlines below. Re-write them, replacing the words in bold with more emotive words. The first two have been done for you as examples. If you find this difficult, try using a thesaurus to find alternative words.
1. Man hit by robbers.
(Pensioner hit by muggers)
2. One hundred peasants killed by troops.
(One hundred peasants slaughtered by troops)
3. Argument closes factory.
4. Train seats cut by teenagers.
5. Supporters run onto pitch.
6. Shortage of money creates problems in schools.
7. Trouble on roads after snowfall.
8. Player hits referee.
9. House prices fall in Stevenage.
10. Political meeting ends in disturbance.
Task Three:
Now read the Daily Star’s report about the school ‘riot’. The report uses a lot of emotive language. For example, it uses ‘mob’ instead of ‘crowd’ or ‘group’; ‘refused’ instead of ‘decided not to’.
As you read the article, make a list of emotive words that the reporter uses. Next to each word write a couple of alternative words that mean almost the same but are less emotive. Set your ideas out in a chart like the one below. Use a thesaurus to help you find the words you need.
EMOTIVE
LESS EMOTIVE
NEUTRAL
mob
gang
crowd
raced
ran
hurried
Task Four:
Now answer the following questions.
1. What quieter, less emotive words could the report have used instead of ‘terrified’ (paragraph 4) and ‘frantic’ (paragraph 5)?
2. How do you feel about:
a. the ‘youngsters’, and
b. the teachers who ‘refused their dinner duties?
3. Explain how the writer’s choice of words makes us feel these things about the pupils and their teacher.
Bored pupils riot as staff walk out
A MOB of 300 youngsters ran riot through their school yesterday - because they were bored.
It happened when teachers at the 100-staff comprehensive refused to do dinner duties and walked out in a union dispute.
Only the headmaster and two teachers were on duty, and they wre powerless to act.
People living nearby watched, terrified, as gangs of 15 and 16 year olds rampaged through the 1000-pupil school at Bideford, Devon, chanting "We want a riot" as they smashed windows.
Police who rushed to the giant complex in seven cars calmed the frantic pupils.
Hammers
As the afternoon lessons ended the youngsters said they were protesting about being confined to one playground.
"We were bored and had nothing to do," they said. "We will continue our action until the teachers dispute is over.
"We brought screwdrivers and hammers to school and stole knives from the canteen."
The Star
Providing their source is acknowledged, the resources found on this site ( http://www.english-teaching.co.uk ) may be copied for use in the classroom. Any other use is strictly forbidden. Copyright © 2000 FRET - Free Resources for English Teaching. All rights reserved.
Go to source: Emotive Language: Fiona Duncan
!Types
Emulsifiers contain a hydrophilic element (water loving) and lipophilic element (oil loving). This means they are attracted to both oil and water which allows them to bind the two together to form a stable mixture. Note that beeswax is not a emulsifier, it will not create stable emulsions.
!!Xyliance: INCI Cetearyl Wheat Straw Glucosides (and) Cetearyl Alcohol
This emulsifier is made of 100% plant origin where the sugar (xylose) is derived from wheat straw (hence the name) and the fatty alcohols are derived from rapeseed and palm. This is the ideal emulsifier for beginners because it’s easy to use and creates very stable emulsions. Perfect for rich cream textures which are non greasy. Very suitable for anti-aging or very hydrating creams.
To be used in the oil phase (70 degrees C) .
Dosage:
4-5% for a lotion or serum
8% for a cream
https://www.schoolofnaturalskincare.com/natural-organic-emulsifiers-cosmetics/
Some articles on the Use and Abuse of the English Language
[[Instructions]]
[[Telegrams]]
[[Good English, Bad English]]
Lavender (acne, oily, or even dry skin – lavender is healing, but a little, tiny bit goes a long way)
Peppermint (like lavender, peppermint is great for oily and acneic skin, and like lavender don’t use much! It’s very astringent, but it might also tingle your skin right off its bones)
Chamomile (my favorite chamomile is Roman – and roman chamomile is wonderfully healing and soothing, so it’s great for ALL skin types. Really. Very, very great, but also very expensive)
Rose (wonderful for aging, dry and normal skin, it’s also pretty expensive, unless you find the “mixed with jojoba” kind, which just means it’s diluted and you can use more in your blend than if it were “neat”)
Rose geranium (another great, all-around healing essential oil – this is especially good for dry, sensitive, aging, and normal skin)
Palmarosa (my skin loooves this oil, and it’s great for any skin type, but it does seem to work well for breakouts, in addition to being softening and soothing for aging skin, which, yes, I have)
Lemongrass (brightening and toning, this is a great oil for normal, oily, or acneic skin)
Rosemary (got acne and oily skin? You might just want this)
!antifungal
https://healthyfocus.org/the-9-most-powerful-antifungal-essential-oils/
'Ethical sluts' develop new language of love for open relationships
They have turned their backs on monogamy and rejected traditional mores in their love lives - and now a group of "polyamorous" lovers have decided they need a new set of words to describe their lifestyle.
Polyamorous people live in open relationships where they may have several partners of either sex who are also in other relationships.
By Maxine Frith, Social Affairs Correspondent
04 April 2005
The movement began in California in the 1990s but has burgeoned in recent years, thanks, in part, to the internet and the publication of studies describing the phenomenon.
They see themselves as returning to a more natural state of living, where people do not have secret affairs behind their partners' backs and reject what they see as an artificial Western insistence on fidelity for life with one partner.
The polyamorous community's so-called bible is a 1997 book called The Ethical Slut that describes living with and loving multiple partners. The American author of the book urged women to reclaim the word slut as a positive term to describe the possibility of having simultaneous relationships with a number of people.
Since then internet chat rooms, mailing lists and other sites focusing on polyamory have sprung up across the world, particularly in the US and UK. A UK mailing list currently has more than 200 members, and Britain's first conference on the subject - called the "Poly-Day" - was held last November.
Meg Barker, a psychologist who also lives a polyamorous lifestyle, has researched the issue. She presented a paper at the British Psychological Society Conference in Manchester last week, at which she described how the movement was evolving an entirely new dictionary of words to describe the way in which its followers lived.
"The problem is that in Western culture a lot of the words we have to describe emotions are based on the concept of monogamous relationships.
"We have words like jealousy, which in polyamorous relationships you don't really get, but there is not a word to describe the warm feeling that a polyamorous person will get when they see one of their partners getting on with another of their partners.
"It is kind of the opposite of jealousy. A lot of importance is placed on being able to describe the emotions that we have and this is why the poly community has started to come up with its own words which are now rapidly being adopted."
The polyamorous community in America has evolved its own lexicon, but British adherents are now coming up with their own words, Ms Barker said.
These include "frubble" - to describe the feeling of warmth and happiness when seeing one of your partners getting on well with either one of your partners or one of their lovers.
Ms Barker said: "Some cultures, for instance, traditional Hawaiian cultures, have always had words like this because they have practised polygamy and have always been used to the idea.
"A lot of our words have been started on internet discussion sites where people have been frustrated that they can't express themselves and the way the live." She added: "Some people can be very judgemental but when you look at the figures of the number of people who have affairs and who are desperately unhappy in monogamous relationships it seems a bit strange."
She estimates that at least 2,000 people in Britain may be living polyamorous lifestyles, although many may be reluctant to admit it.
'Of course, I do get jealous, but it passes'
Meg Barker, 30, from south London, has been in polyamorous relationships for three years.
She lives part of the week with her girlfriend, Annie, and the rest with her boyfriend, Erich, and has two other lovers - a man and a woman.
Her partners also have other partners, and Ms Barker's sister lives a similar lifestyle.
Ms Barker, an academic, said: "I always knew I was capable of loving a lot of different people at the same time, but when I was growing up it was difficult to know how I could follow that kind of life."
She says the main problem is finding time to spend with all her lovers. "You have to be pretty organised and sometimes it can be difficult to see everyone you want, but all of my partners get on well and we have times when we all meet up."
Her parents, she says, are supportive, although she says other people can be judgemental.
"Some people, especially men, assume I am more open to offers...Some polyamorous people do have a lot of casual sex but for me it is about having loving relationships with a number of people at the same time.
"Of course, I do get jealous sometimes, especially when one of my partners has started a new relationship and you can see they are very excited about it, but [it] quickly passes when I realise they are not going to replace me in my partner's affections."
Maxine Frith
THE LEXICON OF (MULTIPLE) LOVE
*Frubble Describes the feeling of warmth and happiness when seeing one of your partners getting on well with one of your partners or one of their lovers
*Wibble The temporary feeling of insecurity when seeing a partner being loving or close with another of their partners
*Metamour Used to describe your relationship with one of your partner's partners
*NRE Short for "new relationship energy" - a phrase describing how one partner behaves when starting a new relationship with a new lover
*Polyamory Loving more than one person
European Union Announcement .February 2008
European Commission has just announced an agreement whereby English
will be the official language of the European Union rather than German,
which was the other possibility.
As part of the negotiations, the British Government conceded that English
spelling had some room for improvement and has accepted a 5-year
phase-in plan that would become known as "Euro-English".
In the first year, "s" will replace the soft "c". Sertainly, this will make the
sivil servants jump with joy.
The hard "c" will be dropped in favour of "k".
This should klear up konfusion, and keyboards kan have one less letter.
There will be growing publik enthusiasm in the sekond year
when the troublesome "ph" will be replaced with "f".
This will make words like fotograf 20% shorter.
In the 3rd year, publik akseptanse of the new spelling kan be expekted
to reach the stage where more komplikated changes are possible.
Governments will enkourage the removal of double letters which have
always ben a deterent to akurate speling.
Also, al wil agre that the horibl mes of the silent "e" in the languag is
disgrasful and it should go away.
By the 4th yer people wil be reseptiv to steps such as replasing "th"
with "z" and "w" with "v".
During ze fifz yer, ze unesesary "o" kan be dropd from vords kontaining
"ou" and after ziz fifz yer, ve vil hav a reil sensibl riten styl.
Zer vil be no mor trubl or difikultis and evrivun vil find it ezi tu understand ech oza.
Ze drem of a united urop vil finali kum tru.
Und efter ze fifz yer, ve vil al be speking German like zey vunted in ze forst plas
/***
|Name|ExportTiddlersPlugin|
|Source|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#ExportTiddlersPlugin|
|Version|2.3.0|
|Author|Eric Shulman - ELS Design Studios|
|License|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#LegalStatements <<br>>and [[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]|
|~CoreVersion|2.1|
|Type|plugin|
|Requires||
|Overrides||
|Description|select and extract tiddlers from your ~TiddlyWiki documents and save them to a local file|
When many people edit copies of the same TiddlyWiki document, the ability to easily copy and share these changes so they can then be redistributed to the entire group is very important. This ability is also very useful when moving your own tiddlers from document to document (e.g., when upgrading to the latest version of TiddlyWiki, or 'pre-loading' your favorite stylesheets into a new 'empty' TiddlyWiki document.)
ExportTiddlersPlugin let you ''select and extract tiddlers from your ~TiddlyWiki documents and save them to a local file'' or a remote server (requires installation of compatible server-side scripting, still under development...). An interactive control panel lets you specify a destination, and then select which tiddlers to export. A convenient 'selection filter' helps you pick desired tiddlers by specifying a combination of modification dates, tags, or tiddler text to be matched or excluded. ''Tiddler data can be output as ~TiddlyWiki "storeArea ~DIVs" that can be imported into another ~TiddlyWiki or as ~RSS-compatible XML that can be published for RSS syndication.''
!!!!!Inline interface (live)
<<<
<<exportTiddlers inline>>
<<<
!!!!!Usage
<<<
Optional "special tiddlers" used by this plugin:
* SiteUrl^^
URL for official server-published version of document being viewed (used in XML export)
default: //none//^^
* SiteHost^^
host name/address for remote server (e.g., "www.server.com" or "192.168.1.27")
default: //none//^^
* SitePost^^
remote path/filename for submitting changes (e.g., "/cgi-bin/submit.cgi")
default: //none//^^
* SiteParams^^
arguments (if any) for server-side receiving script
default: //none//^^
* SiteNotify^^
addresses (if any) for sending automatic server-side email notices
default: //none//^^
* SiteID^^
username or other authorization identifier for login-controlled access to remote server
default: current TiddlyWiki username (e.g., "YourName")^^
* SiteDate^^
stored date/time stamp for most recent published version of document
default: current document.modified value (i.e., the 'file date')^^
<<<
!!!!!Example
<<<
<<exportTiddlers>>
<<<
!!!!!Installation
<<<
Import (or copy/paste) the following tiddlers into your document:
''ExportTiddlersPlugin'' (tagged with <<tag systemConfig>>)
create/edit ''SideBarOptions'': (sidebar menu items)
^^Add {{{<<exportTiddlers>>}}} macro^^
<<<
!!!!!Revision History
<<<
''2007.04.19 [2.3.0]'' in exportData(), pass SiteURL value as param to saveToRss(). Fixes 'undefined' appearing in tiddler link in XML output. Also, in refreshExportList(), added 'sort by tags'. Also, added 'group select'... selecting a heading (date,author,tag) auto-selects all tiddlers in that group.
''2007.03.02 [2.2.6]'' in onClickExportButton(), when selecting open tiddlers for TW2.2, look for "storyDisplay" instead of "tiddlerDisplay" but keep fallback to "tiddlerDisplay" for TW2.1 or earlier
''2007.03.01 [2.2.5]'' removed hijack of store.saveChanges() (was catching save on http:, but there are other solutions that do a much better job of handling save to server.
|please see [[ExportTiddlersPluginHistory]] for additional revision details|
''2005.10.09 [0.0.0]'' development started
<<<
!!!!!Credits
<<<
This feature was developed by EricShulman from [[ELS Design Studios|http:/www.elsdesign.com]]
<<<
!!!!!Code
***/
// // version
//{{{
version.extensions.exportTiddlers = {major: 2, minor: 3, revision: 0, date: new Date(2007,4,19)};
//}}}
// // macro handler
//{{{
config.macros.exportTiddlers = {
label: "export tiddlers",
prompt: "Copy selected tiddlers to an export document",
newdefault: "export.html",
datetimefmt: "0MM/0DD/YYYY 0hh:0mm:0ss" // for "filter date/time" edit fields
};
config.macros.exportTiddlers.handler = function(place,macroName,params) {
if (params[0]!="inline")
{ createTiddlyButton(place,this.label,this.prompt,onClickExportMenu); return; }
var panel=createExportPanel(place);
panel.style.position="static";
panel.style.display="block";
}
function createExportPanel(place) {
var panel=document.getElementById("exportPanel");
if (panel) { panel.parentNode.removeChild(panel); }
setStylesheet(config.macros.exportTiddlers.css,"exportTiddlers");
panel=createTiddlyElement(place,"span","exportPanel",null,null)
panel.innerHTML=config.macros.exportTiddlers.html;
exportShowPanel(document.location.protocol);
exportInitFilter();
refreshExportList(0);
return panel;
}
function onClickExportMenu(e)
{
if (!e) var e = window.event;
var parent=resolveTarget(e).parentNode;
var panel = document.getElementById("exportPanel");
if (panel==undefined || panel.parentNode!=parent)
panel=createExportPanel(parent);
var isOpen = panel.style.display=="block";
if(config.options.chkAnimate)
anim.startAnimating(new Slider(panel,!isOpen,e.shiftKey || e.altKey,"none"));
else
panel.style.display = isOpen ? "none" : "block" ;
if (panel.style.display!="none") refreshExportList(0); // update list when panel is made visible
e.cancelBubble = true;
if (e.stopPropagation) e.stopPropagation();
return(false);
}
//}}}
// // IE needs explicit scoping for functions called by browser events
//{{{
window.onClickExportMenu=onClickExportMenu;
window.onClickExportButton=onClickExportButton;
window.exportShowPanel=exportShowPanel;
window.exportShowFilterFields=exportShowFilterFields;
window.refreshExportList=refreshExportList;
//}}}
// // CSS for floating export control panel
//{{{
config.macros.exportTiddlers.css = '\
#exportPanel {\
display: none; position:absolute; z-index:12; width:35em; right:105%; top:6em;\
background-color: #eee; color:#000; font-size: 8pt; line-height:110%;\
border:1px solid black; border-bottom-width: 3px; border-right-width: 3px;\
padding: 0.5em; margin:0em; -moz-border-radius:1em;\
}\
#exportPanel a, #exportPanel td a { color:#009; display:inline; margin:0px; padding:1px; }\
#exportPanel table { width:100%; border:0px; padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:8pt; line-height:110%; background:transparent; }\
#exportPanel tr { border:0px;padding:0px;margin:0px; background:transparent; }\
#exportPanel td { color:#000; border:0px;padding:0px;margin:0px; background:transparent; }\
#exportPanel select { width:98%;margin:0px;font-size:8pt;line-height:110%;}\
#exportPanel input { width:98%;padding:0px;margin:0px;font-size:8pt;line-height:110%; }\
#exportPanel textarea { width:98%;padding:0px;margin:0px;overflow:auto;font-size:8pt; }\
#exportPanel .box { border:1px solid black; padding:3px; margin-bottom:5px; background:#f8f8f8; -moz-border-radius:5px; }\
#exportPanel .topline { border-top:2px solid black; padding-top:3px; margin-bottom:5px; }\
#exportPanel .rad { width:auto;border:0 }\
#exportPanel .chk { width:auto;border:0 }\
#exportPanel .btn { width:auto; }\
#exportPanel .btn1 { width:98%; }\
#exportPanel .btn2 { width:48%; }\
#exportPanel .btn3 { width:32%; }\
#exportPanel .btn4 { width:24%; }\
#exportPanel .btn5 { width:19%; }\
';
//}}}
// // HTML for export control panel interface
//{{{
config.macros.exportTiddlers.html = '\
<!-- output target and format -->\
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td width=50%>\
export to\
<select size=1 id="exportTo" onchange="exportShowPanel(this.value);">\
<option value="file:" SELECTED>this computer</option>\
<option value="http:">web server (http)</option>\
<option value="https:">secure web server (https)</option>\
<option value="ftp:">file server (ftp)</option>\
</select>\
</td><td width=50%>\
output format\
<select id="exportFormat" size=1>\
<option value="DIV">TiddlyWiki export file</option>\
<option value="TW">TiddlyWiki document</option>\
<option value="XML">RSS feed (XML)</option>\
</select>\
</td></tr></table>\
\
<!-- export to local file -->\
<div id="exportLocalPanel" style="margin-top:5px;">\
local path/filename<br>\
<input type="text" id="exportFilename" size=40 style="width:93%"><input \
type="button" id="exportBrowse" value="..." title="select or enter a local folder/file..." style="width:5%" \
onclick="this.previousSibling.value=window.promptForExportFilename(this);">\
<!--<input type="file" id="exportFilename" size=57 style="width:100%"><br>-->\
</div><!--panel-->\
\
<!-- export to http server -->\
<div id="exportHTTPPanel" style="display:none;margin-top:5px;">\
<table><tr><td align=left>\
server location, script, and parameters<br>\
</td><td align=right>\
<input type="checkbox" class="chk" id="exportNotify"\
onClick="document.getElementById(\'exportSetNotifyPanel\').style.display=this.checked?\'block\':\'none\'"> notify\
</td></tr></table>\
<input type="text" id="exportHTTPServerURL" onfocus="this.select()"><br>\
<div id="exportSetNotifyPanel" style="display:none">\
send email notices to<br>\
<input type="text" id="exportNotifyTo" onfocus="this.select()"><br>\
</div>\
</div><!--panel-->\
\
<!-- export to ftp server -->\
<div id="exportFTPPanel" style="display:none;margin-top:5px;">\
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="32%"><tr valign="top"><td>\
host server<br>\
<input type="text" id="exportFTPHost" onfocus="this.select()"><br>\
</td><td width="32%">\
username<br>\
<input type="text" id="exportFTPID" onfocus="this.select()"><br>\
</td><td width="32%">\
password<br>\
<input type="password" id="exportFTPPW" onfocus="this.select()"><br>\
</td></tr></table>\
FTP path/filename<br>\
<input type="text" id="exportFTPFilename" onfocus="this.select()"><br>\
</div><!--panel-->\
\
<!-- notes -->\
notes<br>\
<textarea id="exportNotes" rows=3 cols=40 style="height:4em;margin-bottom:5px;" onfocus="this.select()"></textarea> \
\
<!-- list of tiddlers -->\
<table><tr align="left"><td>\
select:\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="exportSelectAll"\
onclick="onClickExportButton(this)" title="select all tiddlers">\
all </a>\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="exportSelectChanges"\
onclick="onClickExportButton(this)" title="select tiddlers changed since last save">\
changes </a> \
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="exportSelectOpened"\
onclick="onClickExportButton(this)" title="select tiddlers currently being displayed">\
opened </a> \
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="exportToggleFilter"\
onclick="onClickExportButton(this)" title="show/hide selection filter">\
filter </a> \
</td><td align="right">\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="exportListSmaller"\
onclick="onClickExportButton(this)" title="reduce list size">\
– </a>\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="exportListLarger"\
onclick="onClickExportButton(this)" title="increase list size">\
+ </a>\
</td></tr></table>\
<select id="exportList" multiple size="10" style="margin-bottom:5px;"\
onchange="refreshExportList(this.selectedIndex)">\
</select><br>\
</div><!--box-->\
\
<!-- selection filter -->\
<div id="exportFilterPanel" style="display:none">\
<table><tr align="left"><td>\
selection filter\
</td><td align="right">\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="exportHideFilter"\
onclick="onClickExportButton(this)" title="hide selection filter">hide</a>\
</td></tr></table>\
<div class="box">\
<input type="checkbox" class="chk" id="exportFilterStart" value="1"\
onclick="exportShowFilterFields(this)"> starting date/time<br>\
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="center"><td width="50%">\
<select size=1 id="exportFilterStartBy" onchange="exportShowFilterFields(this);">\
<option value="0">today</option>\
<option value="1">yesterday</option>\
<option value="7">a week ago</option>\
<option value="30">a month ago</option>\
<option value="site">SiteDate</option>\
<option value="file">file date</option>\
<option value="other">other (mm/dd/yyyy hh:mm)</option>\
</select>\
</td><td width="50%">\
<input type="text" id="exportStartDate" onfocus="this.select()"\
onchange="document.getElementById(\'exportFilterStartBy\').value=\'other\';">\
</td></tr></table>\
<input type="checkbox" class="chk" id="exportFilterEnd" value="1"\
onclick="exportShowFilterFields(this)"> ending date/time<br>\
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="center"><td width="50%">\
<select size=1 id="exportFilterEndBy" onchange="exportShowFilterFields(this);">\
<option value="0">today</option>\
<option value="1">yesterday</option>\
<option value="7">a week ago</option>\
<option value="30">a month ago</option>\
<option value="site">SiteDate</option>\
<option value="file">file date</option>\
<option value="other">other (mm/dd/yyyy hh:mm)</option>\
</select>\
</td><td width="50%">\
<input type="text" id="exportEndDate" onfocus="this.select()"\
onchange="document.getElementById(\'exportFilterEndBy\').value=\'other\';">\
</td></tr></table>\
<input type="checkbox" class="chk" id=exportFilterTags value="1"\
onclick="exportShowFilterFields(this)"> match tags<br>\
<input type="text" id="exportTags" onfocus="this.select()">\
<input type="checkbox" class="chk" id=exportFilterText value="1"\
onclick="exportShowFilterFields(this)"> match titles/tiddler text<br>\
<input type="text" id="exportText" onfocus="this.select()">\
</div> <!--box-->\
</div> <!--panel-->\
\
<!-- action buttons -->\
<div style="text-align:center">\
<input type=button class="btn3" onclick="onClickExportButton(this)"\
id="exportFilter" value="apply filter">\
<input type=button class="btn3" onclick="onClickExportButton(this)"\
id="exportStart" value="export tiddlers">\
<input type=button class="btn3" onclick="onClickExportButton(this)"\
id="exportClose" value="close">\
</div><!--center-->\
';
//}}}
// // initialize interface
// // exportShowPanel(which)
//{{{
function exportShowPanel(which) {
var index=0; var panel='exportLocalPanel';
switch (which) {
case 'file:':
case undefined:
index=0; panel='exportLocalPanel'; break;
case 'http:':
index=1; panel='exportHTTPPanel'; break;
case 'https:':
index=2; panel='exportHTTPPanel'; break;
case 'ftp:':
index=3; panel='exportFTPPanel'; break;
default:
alert("Sorry, export to "+which+" is not yet available");
break;
}
exportInitPanel(which);
document.getElementById('exportTo').selectedIndex=index;
document.getElementById('exportLocalPanel').style.display='none';
document.getElementById('exportHTTPPanel').style.display='none';
document.getElementById('exportFTPPanel').style.display='none';
document.getElementById(panel).style.display='block';
}
//}}}
// // exportInitPanel(which)
//{{{
function exportInitPanel(which) {
switch (which) {
case "file:": // LOCAL EXPORT PANEL: file/path:
// ** no init - security issues in IE **
break;
case "http:": // WEB EXPORT PANEL
case "https:": // SECURE WEB EXPORT PANEL
// url
if (store.tiddlerExists("unawiki_download")) {
var theURL=store.getTiddlerText("unawiki_download");
theURL=theURL.replace(/\[\[download\|/,'').replace(/\]\]/,'');
var title=(store.tiddlerExists("unawiki_host"))?"unawiki_host":"SiteHost";
var theHost=store.getTiddlerText(title);
if (!theHost || !theHost.length) theHost=document.location.host;
if (!theHost || !theHost.length) theHost=title;
}
// server script/params
var title=(store.tiddlerExists("unawiki_host"))?"unawiki_host":"SiteHost";
var theHost=store.getTiddlerText(title);
if (!theHost || !theHost.length) theHost=document.location.host;
if (!theHost || !theHost.length) theHost=title;
// get POST
var title=(store.tiddlerExists("unawiki_post"))?"unawiki_post":"SitePost";
var thePost=store.getTiddlerText(title);
if (!thePost || !thePost.length) thePost="/"+title;
// get PARAMS
var title=(store.tiddlerExists("unawiki_params"))?"unawiki_params":"SiteParams";
var theParams=store.getTiddlerText(title);
if (!theParams|| !theParams.length) theParams=title;
var serverURL = which+"//"+theHost+thePost+"?"+theParams;
document.getElementById("exportHTTPServerURL").value=serverURL;
// get NOTIFY
var theAddresses=store.getTiddlerText("SiteNotify");
if (!theAddresses|| !theAddresses.length) theAddresses="SiteNotify";
document.getElementById("exportNotifyTo").value=theAddresses;
break;
case "ftp:": // FTP EXPORT PANEL
// host
var siteHost=store.getTiddlerText("SiteHost");
if (!siteHost || !siteHost.length) siteHost=document.location.host;
if (!siteHost || !siteHost.length) siteHost="SiteHost";
document.getElementById("exportFTPHost").value=siteHost;
// username
var siteID=store.getTiddlerText("SiteID");
if (!siteID || !siteID.length) siteID=config.options.txtUserName;
document.getElementById("exportFTPID").value=siteID;
// password
document.getElementById("exportFTPPW").value="";
// file/path
document.getElementById("exportFTPFilename").value="";
break;
}
}
//}}}
// // exportInitFilter()
//{{{
function exportInitFilter() {
// start date
document.getElementById("exportFilterStart").checked=false;
document.getElementById("exportStartDate").value="";
// end date
document.getElementById("exportFilterEnd").checked=false;
document.getElementById("exportEndDate").value="";
// tags
document.getElementById("exportFilterTags").checked=false;
document.getElementById("exportTags").value="";
// text
document.getElementById("exportFilterText").checked=false;
document.getElementById("exportText").value="";
// show/hide filter input fields
exportShowFilterFields();
}
//}}}
// // exportShowFilterFields(which)
//{{{
function exportShowFilterFields(which) {
var show;
show=document.getElementById('exportFilterStart').checked;
document.getElementById('exportFilterStartBy').style.display=show?"block":"none";
document.getElementById('exportStartDate').style.display=show?"block":"none";
var val=document.getElementById('exportFilterStartBy').value;
document.getElementById('exportStartDate').value
=getFilterDate(val,'exportStartDate').formatString(config.macros.exportTiddlers.datetimefmt);
if (which && (which.id=='exportFilterStartBy') && (val=='other'))
document.getElementById('exportStartDate').focus();
show=document.getElementById('exportFilterEnd').checked;
document.getElementById('exportFilterEndBy').style.display=show?"block":"none";
document.getElementById('exportEndDate').style.display=show?"block":"none";
var val=document.getElementById('exportFilterEndBy').value;
document.getElementById('exportEndDate').value
=getFilterDate(val,'exportEndDate').formatString(config.macros.exportTiddlers.datetimefmt);
if (which && (which.id=='exportFilterEndBy') && (val=='other'))
document.getElementById('exportEndDate').focus();
show=document.getElementById('exportFilterTags').checked;
document.getElementById('exportTags').style.display=show?"block":"none";
show=document.getElementById('exportFilterText').checked;
document.getElementById('exportText').style.display=show?"block":"none";
}
//}}}
// // onClickExportButton(which): control interactions
//{{{
function onClickExportButton(which)
{
// DEBUG alert(which.id);
var theList=document.getElementById('exportList'); if (!theList) return;
var count = 0;
var total = store.getTiddlers('title').length;
switch (which.id)
{
case 'exportFilter':
count=filterExportList();
var panel=document.getElementById('exportFilterPanel');
if (count==-1) { panel.style.display='block'; break; }
document.getElementById("exportStart").disabled=(count==0);
clearMessage(); displayMessage("filtered "+formatExportMessage(count,total));
if (count==0) { alert("No tiddlers were selected"); panel.style.display='block'; }
break;
case 'exportStart':
exportTiddlers();
break;
case 'exportHideFilter':
case 'exportToggleFilter':
var panel=document.getElementById('exportFilterPanel')
panel.style.display=(panel.style.display=='block')?'none':'block';
break;
case 'exportSelectChanges':
var lastmod=new Date(document.lastModified);
for (var t = 0; t < theList.options.length; t++) {
if (theList.options[t].value=="") continue;
var tiddler=store.getTiddler(theList.options[t].value); if (!tiddler) continue;
theList.options[t].selected=(tiddler.modified>lastmod);
count += (tiddler.modified>lastmod)?1:0;
}
document.getElementById("exportStart").disabled=(count==0);
clearMessage(); displayMessage(formatExportMessage(count,total));
if (count==0) alert("There are no unsaved changes");
break;
case 'exportSelectAll':
for (var t = 0; t < theList.options.length; t++) {
if (theList.options[t].value=="") continue;
theList.options[t].selected=true;
count += 1;
}
document.getElementById("exportStart").disabled=(count==0);
clearMessage(); displayMessage(formatExportMessage(count,count));
break;
case 'exportSelectOpened':
for (var t = 0; t < theList.options.length; t++) theList.options[t].selected=false;
var tiddlerDisplay = document.getElementById("tiddlerDisplay"); // for TW2.1-
if (!tiddlerDisplay) tiddlerDisplay = document.getElementById("storyDisplay"); // for TW2.2+
for (var t=0;t<tiddlerDisplay.childNodes.length;t++) {
var tiddler=tiddlerDisplay.childNodes[t].id.substr(7);
for (var i = 0; i < theList.options.length; i++) {
if (theList.options[i].value!=tiddler) continue;
theList.options[i].selected=true; count++; break;
}
}
document.getElementById("exportStart").disabled=(count==0);
clearMessage(); displayMessage(formatExportMessage(count,total));
if (count==0) alert("There are no tiddlers currently opened");
break;
case 'exportListSmaller': // decrease current listbox size
var min=5;
theList.size-=(theList.size>min)?1:0;
break;
case 'exportListLarger': // increase current listbox size
var max=(theList.options.length>25)?theList.options.length:25;
theList.size+=(theList.size<max)?1:0;
break;
case 'exportClose':
document.getElementById('exportPanel').style.display='none';
break;
}
}
//}}}
// // list display
//{{{
function formatExportMessage(count,total)
{
var txt=total+' tiddler'+((total!=1)?'s':'')+" - ";
txt += (count==0)?"none":(count==total)?"all":count;
txt += " selected for export";
return txt;
}
function refreshExportList(selectedIndex)
{
var theList = document.getElementById("exportList");
var sort;
if (!theList) return;
// get the sort order
if (!selectedIndex) selectedIndex=0;
if (selectedIndex==0) sort='modified';
if (selectedIndex==1) sort='title';
if (selectedIndex==2) sort='modified';
if (selectedIndex==3) sort='modifier';
if (selectedIndex==4) sort='tags';
// unselect headings and count number of tiddlers actually selected
for (var t=0,count=0; t < theList.options.length; t++) {
if (!theList.options[t].selected) continue;
if (theList.options[t].value!="")
count++;
else { // if heading is selected, deselect it, and then select and count all in section
theList.options[t].selected=false;
for ( t++; t<theList.options.length && theList.options[t].value!=""; t++) {
theList.options[t].selected=true;
count++;
}
}
}
// disable "export" button if no tiddlers selected
document.getElementById("exportStart").disabled=(count==0);
// show selection count
var tiddlers = store.getTiddlers('title');
if (theList.options.length) { clearMessage(); displayMessage(formatExportMessage(count,tiddlers.length)); }
// if a [command] item, reload list... otherwise, no further refresh needed
if (selectedIndex>4) return;
// clear current list contents
while (theList.length > 0) { theList.options[0] = null; }
// add heading and control items to list
var i=0;
var indent=String.fromCharCode(160)+String.fromCharCode(160);
theList.options[i++]=
new Option(tiddlers.length+" tiddlers in document", "",false,false);
theList.options[i++]=
new Option(((sort=="title" )?">":indent)+' [by title]', "",false,false);
theList.options[i++]=
new Option(((sort=="modified")?">":indent)+' [by date]', "",false,false);
theList.options[i++]=
new Option(((sort=="modifier")?">":indent)+' [by author]', "",false,false);
theList.options[i++]=
new Option(((sort=="tags" )?">":indent)+' [by tags]', "",false,false);
// output the tiddler list
switch(sort)
{
case "title":
for(var t = 0; t < tiddlers.length; t++)
theList.options[i++] = new Option(tiddlers[t].title,tiddlers[t].title,false,false);
break;
case "modifier":
case "modified":
var tiddlers = store.getTiddlers(sort);
// sort descending for newest date first
tiddlers.sort(function (a,b) {if(a[sort] == b[sort]) return(0); else return (a[sort] > b[sort]) ? -1 : +1; });
var lastSection = "";
for(var t = 0; t < tiddlers.length; t++)
{
var tiddler = tiddlers[t];
var theSection = "";
if (sort=="modified") theSection=tiddler.modified.toLocaleDateString();
if (sort=="modifier") theSection=tiddler.modifier;
if (theSection != lastSection)
{
theList.options[i++] = new Option(theSection,"",false,false);
lastSection = theSection;
}
theList.options[i++] = new Option(indent+indent+tiddler.title,tiddler.title,false,false);
}
break;
case "tags":
var theTitles = {}; // all tiddler titles, hash indexed by tag value
var theTags = new Array();
for(var t=0; t<tiddlers.length; t++) {
var title=tiddlers[t].title;
var tags=tiddlers[t].tags;
if (!tags || !tags.length) {
if (theTitles["untagged"]==undefined) { theTags.push("untagged"); theTitles["untagged"]=new Array(); }
theTitles["untagged"].push(title);
}
else for(var s=0; s<tags.length; s++) {
if (theTitles[tags[s]]==undefined) { theTags.push(tags[s]); theTitles[tags[s]]=new Array(); }
theTitles[tags[s]].push(title);
}
}
theTags.sort();
for(var tagindex=0; tagindex<theTags.length; tagindex++) {
var theTag=theTags[tagindex];
theList.options[i++]=new Option(theTag,"",false,false);
for(var t=0; t<theTitles[theTag].length; t++)
theList.options[i++]=new Option(indent+indent+theTitles[theTag][t],theTitles[theTag][t],false,false);
}
break;
}
theList.selectedIndex=selectedIndex; // select current control item
}
//}}}
// // list filtering
//{{{
function getFilterDate(val,id)
{
var result=0;
switch (val) {
case 'site':
var timestamp=store.getTiddlerText("SiteDate");
if (!timestamp) timestamp=document.lastModified;
result=new Date(timestamp);
break;
case 'file':
result=new Date(document.lastModified);
break;
case 'other':
result=new Date(document.getElementById(id).value);
break;
default: // today=0, yesterday=1, one week=7, two weeks=14, a month=31
var now=new Date(); var tz=now.getTimezoneOffset()*60000; now-=tz;
var oneday=86400000;
if (id=='exportStartDate')
result=new Date((Math.floor(now/oneday)-val)*oneday+tz);
else
result=new Date((Math.floor(now/oneday)-val+1)*oneday+tz-1);
break;
}
// DEBUG alert('getFilterDate('+val+','+id+')=='+result+"\nnow="+now);
return result;
}
function filterExportList()
{
var theList = document.getElementById("exportList"); if (!theList) return -1;
var filterStart=document.getElementById("exportFilterStart").checked;
var val=document.getElementById("exportFilterStartBy").value;
var startDate=getFilterDate(val,'exportStartDate');
var filterEnd=document.getElementById("exportFilterEnd").checked;
var val=document.getElementById("exportFilterEndBy").value;
var endDate=getFilterDate(val,'exportEndDate');
var filterTags=document.getElementById("exportFilterTags").checked;
var tags=document.getElementById("exportTags").value;
var filterText=document.getElementById("exportFilterText").checked;
var text=document.getElementById("exportText").value;
if (!(filterStart||filterEnd||filterTags||filterText)) {
alert("Please set the selection filter");
document.getElementById('exportFilterPanel').style.display="block";
return -1;
}
if (filterStart&&filterEnd&&(startDate>endDate)) {
var msg="starting date/time:\n"
msg+=startDate.toLocaleString()+"\n";
msg+="is later than ending date/time:\n"
msg+=endDate.toLocaleString()
alert(msg);
return -1;
}
// scan list and select tiddlers that match all applicable criteria
var total=0;
var count=0;
for (var i=0; i<theList.options.length; i++) {
// get item, skip non-tiddler list items (section headings)
var opt=theList.options[i]; if (opt.value=="") continue;
// get tiddler, skip missing tiddlers (this should NOT happen)
var tiddler=store.getTiddler(opt.value); if (!tiddler) continue;
var sel=true;
if ( (filterStart && tiddler.modified<startDate)
|| (filterEnd && tiddler.modified>endDate)
|| (filterTags && !matchTags(tiddler,tags))
|| (filterText && (tiddler.text.indexOf(text)==-1) && (tiddler.title.indexOf(text)==-1)))
sel=false;
opt.selected=sel;
count+=sel?1:0;
total++;
}
return count;
}
//}}}
//{{{
function matchTags(tiddler,cond)
{
if (!cond||!cond.trim().length) return false;
// build a regex of all tags as a big-old regex that
// OR's the tags together (tag1|tag2|tag3...) in length order
var tgs = store.getTags();
if ( tgs.length == 0 ) return results ;
var tags = tgs.sort( function(a,b){return (a[0].length<b[0].length)-(a[0].length>b[0].length);});
var exp = "(" + tags.join("|") + ")" ;
exp = exp.replace( /(,[\d]+)/g, "" ) ;
var regex = new RegExp( exp, "ig" );
// build a string such that an expression that looks like this: tag1 AND tag2 OR NOT tag3
// turns into : /tag1/.test(...) && /tag2/.test(...) || ! /tag2/.test(...)
cond = cond.replace( regex, "/$1\\|/.test(tiddlerTags)" );
cond = cond.replace( /\sand\s/ig, " && " ) ;
cond = cond.replace( /\sor\s/ig, " || " ) ;
cond = cond.replace( /\s?not\s/ig, " ! " ) ;
// if a boolean uses a tag that doesn't exist - it will get left alone
// (we only turn existing tags into actual tests).
// replace anything that wasn't found as a tag, AND, OR, or NOT with the string "false"
// if the tag doesn't exist then /tag/.test(...) will always return false.
cond = cond.replace( /(\s|^)+[^\/\|&!][^\s]*/g, "false" ) ;
// make a string of the tags in the tiddler and eval the 'cond' string against that string
// if it's TRUE then the tiddler qualifies!
var tiddlerTags = (tiddler.tags?tiddler.tags.join("|"):"")+"|" ;
try { if ( eval( cond ) ) return true; }
catch( e ) { displayMessage("Error in tag filter '" + e + "'" ); }
return false;
}
//}}}
// // output data formatting
// // exportHeader(format)
//{{{
function exportHeader(format)
{
switch (format) {
case "TW": return exportTWHeader();
case "DIV": return exportDIVHeader();
case "XML": return exportXMLHeader();
}
}
//}}}
// // exportFooter(format)
//{{{
function exportFooter(format)
{
switch (format) {
case "TW": return exportDIVFooter();
case "DIV": return exportDIVFooter();
case "XML": return exportXMLFooter();
}
}
//}}}
// // exportTWHeader()
//{{{
function exportTWHeader()
{
// Get the URL of the document
var originalPath = document.location.href;
// Check we were loaded from a file URL
if(originalPath.substr(0,5) != "file:")
{ alert(config.messages.notFileUrlError); return; }
// Remove any location part of the URL
var hashPos = originalPath.indexOf("#"); if(hashPos != -1) originalPath = originalPath.substr(0,hashPos);
// Convert to a native file format assuming
// "file:///x:/path/path/path..." - pc local file --> "x:\path\path\path..."
// "file://///server/share/path/path/path..." - FireFox pc network file --> "\\server\share\path\path\path..."
// "file:///path/path/path..." - mac/unix local file --> "/path/path/path..."
// "file://server/share/path/path/path..." - pc network file --> "\\server\share\path\path\path..."
var localPath;
if(originalPath.charAt(9) == ":") // pc local file
localPath = unescape(originalPath.substr(8)).replace(new RegExp("/","g"),"\\");
else if(originalPath.indexOf("file://///") == 0) // FireFox pc network file
localPath = "\\\\" + unescape(originalPath.substr(10)).replace(new RegExp("/","g"),"\\");
else if(originalPath.indexOf("file:///") == 0) // mac/unix local file
localPath = unescape(originalPath.substr(7));
else if(originalPath.indexOf("file:/") == 0) // mac/unix local file
localPath = unescape(originalPath.substr(5));
else // pc network file
localPath = "\\\\" + unescape(originalPath.substr(7)).replace(new RegExp("/","g"),"\\");
// Load the original file
var original = loadFile(localPath);
if(original == null)
{ alert(config.messages.cantSaveError); return; }
// Locate the storeArea div's
var posOpeningDiv = original.indexOf(startSaveArea);
var posClosingDiv = original.lastIndexOf(endSaveArea);
if((posOpeningDiv == -1) || (posClosingDiv == -1))
{ alert(config.messages.invalidFileError.format([localPath])); return; }
return original.substr(0,posOpeningDiv+startSaveArea.length)
}
//}}}
// // exportDIVHeader()
//{{{
function exportDIVHeader()
{
var out=[];
var now = new Date();
var title = convertUnicodeToUTF8(wikifyPlain("SiteTitle").htmlEncode());
var subtitle = convertUnicodeToUTF8(wikifyPlain("SiteSubtitle").htmlEncode());
var user = convertUnicodeToUTF8(config.options.txtUserName.htmlEncode());
var twver = version.major+"."+version.minor+"."+version.revision;
var pver = version.extensions.exportTiddlers.major+"."
+version.extensions.exportTiddlers.minor+"."+version.extensions.exportTiddlers.revision;
out.push("<html><body>");
out.push("<style type=\"text/css\">");
out.push("#storeArea {display:block;margin:1em;}");
out.push("#storeArea div");
out.push("{padding:0.5em;margin:1em;border:2px solid black;height:10em;overflow:auto;}");
out.push("#javascriptWarning");
out.push("{width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#eeeeee;padding:1em;}");
out.push("</style>");
out.push("<div id=\"javascriptWarning\">");
out.push("TiddlyWiki export file<br>");
out.push("Source"+": <b>"+convertUnicodeToUTF8(document.location.href)+"</b><br>");
out.push("Title: <b>"+title+"</b><br>");
out.push("Subtitle: <b>"+subtitle+"</b><br>");
out.push("Created: <b>"+now.toLocaleString()+"</b> by <b>"+user+"</b><br>");
out.push("TiddlyWiki "+twver+" / "+"ExportTiddlersPlugin "+pver+"<br>");
out.push("Notes:<hr><pre>"+document.getElementById("exportNotes").value.replace(regexpNewLine,"<br>")+"</pre>");
out.push("</div>");
out.push("<div id=\"storeArea\">");
return out;
}
//}}}
// // exportDIVFooter()
//{{{
function exportDIVFooter()
{
var out=[];
out.push("</div><!--POST-BODY-START-->\n<!--POST-BODY-END--></body></html>");
return out;
}
//}}}
// // exportXMLHeader()
//{{{
function exportXMLHeader()
{
var out=[];
var now = new Date();
var u = store.getTiddlerText("SiteUrl",null);
var title = convertUnicodeToUTF8(wikifyPlain("SiteTitle").htmlEncode());
var subtitle = convertUnicodeToUTF8(wikifyPlain("SiteSubtitle").htmlEncode());
var user = convertUnicodeToUTF8(config.options.txtUserName.htmlEncode());
var twver = version.major+"."+version.minor+"."+version.revision;
var pver = version.extensions.exportTiddlers.major+"."
+version.extensions.exportTiddlers.minor+"."+version.extensions.exportTiddlers.revision;
out.push("<" + "?xml version=\"1.0\"?" + ">");
out.push("<rss version=\"2.0\">");
out.push("<channel>");
out.push("<title>" + title + "</title>");
if(u) out.push("<link>" + convertUnicodeToUTF8(u.htmlEncode()) + "</link>");
out.push("<description>" + subtitle + "</description>");
out.push("<language>en-us</language>");
out.push("<copyright>Copyright " + now.getFullYear() + " " + user + "</copyright>");
out.push("<pubDate>" + now.toGMTString() + "</pubDate>");
out.push("<lastBuildDate>" + now.toGMTString() + "</lastBuildDate>");
out.push("<docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>");
out.push("<generator>TiddlyWiki "+twver+" plus ExportTiddlersPlugin "+pver+"</generator>");
return out;
}
//}}}
// // exportXMLFooter()
//{{{
function exportXMLFooter()
{
var out=[];
out.push("</channel></rss>");
return out;
}
//}}}
// // exportData()
//{{{
function exportData(theList,theFormat)
{
// scan export listbox and collect DIVs or XML for selected tiddler content
var out=[];
for (var i=0; i<theList.options.length; i++) {
// get item, skip non-selected items and section headings
var opt=theList.options[i]; if (!opt.selected||(opt.value=="")) continue;
// get tiddler, skip missing tiddlers (this should NOT happen)
var thisTiddler=store.getTiddler(opt.value); if (!thisTiddler) continue;
if (theFormat=="TW") out.push(convertUnicodeToUTF8(thisTiddler.saveToDiv()));
if (theFormat=="DIV") out.push(convertUnicodeToUTF8(thisTiddler.title+"\n"+thisTiddler.saveToDiv()));
if (theFormat=="XML") out.push(convertUnicodeToUTF8(thisTiddler.saveToRss(store.getTiddlerText("SiteUrl",""))));
}
return out;
}
//}}}
// // exportTiddlers(): output selected data to local or server
//{{{
function exportTiddlers()
{
var theList = document.getElementById("exportList"); if (!theList) return;
// get the export settings
var theProtocol = document.getElementById("exportTo").value;
var theFormat = document.getElementById("exportFormat").value;
// assemble output: header + tiddlers + footer
var theData=exportData(theList,theFormat);
var count=theData.length;
var out=[]; var txt=out.concat(exportHeader(theFormat),theData,exportFooter(theFormat)).join("\n");
var msg="";
switch (theProtocol) {
case "file:":
var theTarget = document.getElementById("exportFilename").value.trim();
if (!theTarget.length) msg = "A local path/filename is required\n";
if (!msg && saveFile(theTarget,txt))
msg=count+" tiddler"+((count!=1)?"s":"")+" exported to local file";
else if (!msg)
msg+="An error occurred while saving to "+theTarget;
break;
case "http:":
case "https:":
var theTarget = document.getElementById("exportHTTPServerURL").value.trim();
if (!theTarget.length) msg = "A server URL is required\n";
if (document.getElementById('exportNotify').checked)
theTarget+="¬ify="+encodeURIComponent(document.getElementById('exportNotifyTo').value);
if (document.getElementById('exportNotes').value.trim().length)
theTarget+="¬es="+encodeURIComponent(document.getElementById('exportNotes').value);
if (!msg && exportPost(theTarget+encodeURIComponent(txt)))
msg=count+" tiddler"+((count!=1)?"s":"")+" exported to "+theProtocol+" server";
else if (!msg)
msg+="An error occurred while saving to "+theTarget;
break;
case "ftp:":
default:
msg="Sorry, export to "+theLocation+" is not yet available";
break;
}
clearMessage(); displayMessage(msg,theTarget);
}
//}}}
// // exportPost(url): cross-domain post uses hidden iframe to submit url and capture responses
//{{{
function exportPost(url)
{
var f=document.getElementById("exportFrame"); if (f) document.body.removeChild(f);
f=document.createElement("iframe"); f.id="exportFrame";
f.style.width="0px"; f.style.height="0px"; f.style.border="0px";
document.body.appendChild(f);
var d=f.document;
if (f.contentDocument) d=f.contentDocument; // For NS6
else if (f.contentWindow) d=f.contentWindow.document; // For IE5.5 and IE6
d.location.replace(url);
return true;
}
//}}}
// // promptForFilename(msg,path,file) uses platform/browser specific functions to get local filespec
//{{{
function promptForExportFilename(here)
{
var msg=here.title; // use tooltip as dialog box message
var path=getLocalPath(document.location.href);
var slashpos=path.lastIndexOf("/"); if (slashpos==-1) slashpos=path.lastIndexOf("\\");
if (slashpos!=-1) path = path.substr(0,slashpos+1); // remove filename from path, leave the trailing slash
var file=config.macros.exportTiddlers.newdefault;
var result="";
if(window.Components) { // moz
try {
netscape.security.PrivilegeManager.enablePrivilege('UniversalXPConnect');
var nsIFilePicker = window.Components.interfaces.nsIFilePicker;
var picker = Components.classes['@mozilla.org/filepicker;1'].createInstance(nsIFilePicker);
picker.init(window, msg, nsIFilePicker.modeSave);
var thispath = Components.classes['@mozilla.org/file/local;1'].createInstance(Components.interfaces.nsILocalFile);
thispath.initWithPath(path);
picker.displayDirectory=thispath;
picker.defaultExtension='html';
picker.defaultString=file;
picker.appendFilters(nsIFilePicker.filterAll|nsIFilePicker.filterText|nsIFilePicker.filterHTML);
if (picker.show()!=nsIFilePicker.returnCancel) var result=picker.file.persistentDescriptor;
}
catch(e) { alert('error during local file access: '+e.toString()) }
}
else { // IE
try { // XP only
var s = new ActiveXObject('UserAccounts.CommonDialog');
s.Filter='All files|*.*|Text files|*.txt|HTML files|*.htm;*.html|';
s.FilterIndex=3; // default to HTML files;
s.InitialDir=path;
s.FileName=file;
if (s.showOpen()) var result=s.FileName;
}
catch(e) { var result=prompt(msg,path+file); } // fallback for non-XP IE
}
return result;
}
//}}}
/***
|Name|ExportTiddlersPlugin|
|Source|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#ExportTiddlersPlugin|
|Version|2.3.0|
|Author|Eric Shulman - ELS Design Studios|
|License|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#LegalStatements <<br>>and [[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]|
|~CoreVersion|2.1|
|Type|plugin|
|Requires||
|Overrides||
|Description|select and extract tiddlers from your ~TiddlyWiki documents and save them to a local file|
When many people edit copies of the same TiddlyWiki document, the ability to easily copy and share these changes so they can then be redistributed to the entire group is very important. This ability is also very useful when moving your own tiddlers from document to document (e.g., when upgrading to the latest version of TiddlyWiki, or 'pre-loading' your favorite stylesheets into a new 'empty' TiddlyWiki document.)
ExportTiddlersPlugin let you ''select and extract tiddlers from your ~TiddlyWiki documents and save them to a local file'' or a remote server (requires installation of compatible server-side scripting, still under development...). An interactive control panel lets you specify a destination, and then select which tiddlers to export. A convenient 'selection filter' helps you pick desired tiddlers by specifying a combination of modification dates, tags, or tiddler text to be matched or excluded. ''Tiddler data can be output as ~TiddlyWiki "storeArea ~DIVs" that can be imported into another ~TiddlyWiki or as ~RSS-compatible XML that can be published for RSS syndication.''
!!!!!Inline interface (live)
<<<
<<exportTiddlers inline>>
<<<
!!!!!Usage
<<<
Optional "special tiddlers" used by this plugin:
* SiteUrl^^
URL for official server-published version of document being viewed (used in XML export)
default: //none//^^
* SiteHost^^
host name/address for remote server (e.g., "www.server.com" or "192.168.1.27")
default: //none//^^
* SitePost^^
remote path/filename for submitting changes (e.g., "/cgi-bin/submit.cgi")
default: //none//^^
* SiteParams^^
arguments (if any) for server-side receiving script
default: //none//^^
* SiteNotify^^
addresses (if any) for sending automatic server-side email notices
default: //none//^^
* SiteID^^
username or other authorization identifier for login-controlled access to remote server
default: current TiddlyWiki username (e.g., "YourName")^^
* SiteDate^^
stored date/time stamp for most recent published version of document
default: current document.modified value (i.e., the 'file date')^^
<<<
!!!!!Example
<<<
<<exportTiddlers>>
<<<
!!!!!Installation
<<<
Import (or copy/paste) the following tiddlers into your document:
''ExportTiddlersPlugin'' (tagged with <<tag systemConfig>>)
create/edit ''SideBarOptions'': (sidebar menu items)
^^Add {{{<<exportTiddlers>>}}} macro^^
<<<
!!!!!Revision History
<<<
''2007.04.19 [2.3.0]'' in exportData(), pass SiteURL value as param to saveToRss(). Fixes 'undefined' appearing in tiddler link in XML output. Also, in refreshExportList(), added 'sort by tags'. Also, added 'group select'... selecting a heading (date,author,tag) auto-selects all tiddlers in that group.
''2007.03.02 [2.2.6]'' in onClickExportButton(), when selecting open tiddlers for TW2.2, look for "storyDisplay" instead of "tiddlerDisplay" but keep fallback to "tiddlerDisplay" for TW2.1 or earlier
''2007.03.01 [2.2.5]'' removed hijack of store.saveChanges() (was catching save on http:, but there are other solutions that do a much better job of handling save to server.
|please see [[ExportTiddlersPluginHistory]] for additional revision details|
''2005.10.09 [0.0.0]'' development started
<<<
!!!!!Credits
<<<
This feature was developed by EricShulman from [[ELS Design Studios|http:/www.elsdesign.com]]
<<<
!!!!!Code
***/
// // version
//{{{
version.extensions.exportTiddlers = {major: 2, minor: 3, revision: 0, date: new Date(2007,4,19)};
//}}}
// // macro handler
//{{{
config.macros.exportTiddlers = {
label: "export tiddlers",
prompt: "Copy selected tiddlers to an export document",
newdefault: "export.html",
datetimefmt: "0MM/0DD/YYYY 0hh:0mm:0ss" // for "filter date/time" edit fields
};
config.macros.exportTiddlers.handler = function(place,macroName,params) {
if (params[0]!="inline")
{ createTiddlyButton(place,this.label,this.prompt,onClickExportMenu); return; }
var panel=createExportPanel(place);
panel.style.position="static";
panel.style.display="block";
}
function createExportPanel(place) {
var panel=document.getElementById("exportPanel");
if (panel) { panel.parentNode.removeChild(panel); }
setStylesheet(config.macros.exportTiddlers.css,"exportTiddlers");
panel=createTiddlyElement(place,"span","exportPanel",null,null)
panel.innerHTML=config.macros.exportTiddlers.html;
exportShowPanel(document.location.protocol);
exportInitFilter();
refreshExportList(0);
return panel;
}
function onClickExportMenu(e)
{
if (!e) var e = window.event;
var parent=resolveTarget(e).parentNode;
var panel = document.getElementById("exportPanel");
if (panel==undefined || panel.parentNode!=parent)
panel=createExportPanel(parent);
var isOpen = panel.style.display=="block";
if(config.options.chkAnimate)
anim.startAnimating(new Slider(panel,!isOpen,e.shiftKey || e.altKey,"none"));
else
panel.style.display = isOpen ? "none" : "block" ;
if (panel.style.display!="none") refreshExportList(0); // update list when panel is made visible
e.cancelBubble = true;
if (e.stopPropagation) e.stopPropagation();
return(false);
}
//}}}
// // IE needs explicit scoping for functions called by browser events
//{{{
window.onClickExportMenu=onClickExportMenu;
window.onClickExportButton=onClickExportButton;
window.exportShowPanel=exportShowPanel;
window.exportShowFilterFields=exportShowFilterFields;
window.refreshExportList=refreshExportList;
//}}}
// // CSS for floating export control panel
//{{{
config.macros.exportTiddlers.css = '\
#exportPanel {\
display: none; position:absolute; z-index:12; width:35em; right:105%; top:6em;\
background-color: #eee; color:#000; font-size: 8pt; line-height:110%;\
border:1px solid black; border-bottom-width: 3px; border-right-width: 3px;\
padding: 0.5em; margin:0em; -moz-border-radius:1em;\
}\
#exportPanel a, #exportPanel td a { color:#009; display:inline; margin:0px; padding:1px; }\
#exportPanel table { width:100%; border:0px; padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:8pt; line-height:110%; background:transparent; }\
#exportPanel tr { border:0px;padding:0px;margin:0px; background:transparent; }\
#exportPanel td { color:#000; border:0px;padding:0px;margin:0px; background:transparent; }\
#exportPanel select { width:98%;margin:0px;font-size:8pt;line-height:110%;}\
#exportPanel input { width:98%;padding:0px;margin:0px;font-size:8pt;line-height:110%; }\
#exportPanel textarea { width:98%;padding:0px;margin:0px;overflow:auto;font-size:8pt; }\
#exportPanel .box { border:1px solid black; padding:3px; margin-bottom:5px; background:#f8f8f8; -moz-border-radius:5px; }\
#exportPanel .topline { border-top:2px solid black; padding-top:3px; margin-bottom:5px; }\
#exportPanel .rad { width:auto;border:0 }\
#exportPanel .chk { width:auto;border:0 }\
#exportPanel .btn { width:auto; }\
#exportPanel .btn1 { width:98%; }\
#exportPanel .btn2 { width:48%; }\
#exportPanel .btn3 { width:32%; }\
#exportPanel .btn4 { width:24%; }\
#exportPanel .btn5 { width:19%; }\
';
//}}}
// // HTML for export control panel interface
//{{{
config.macros.exportTiddlers.html = '\
<!-- output target and format -->\
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td width=50%>\
export to\
<select size=1 id="exportTo" onchange="exportShowPanel(this.value);">\
<option value="file:" SELECTED>this computer</option>\
<option value="http:">web server (http)</option>\
<option value="https:">secure web server (https)</option>\
<option value="ftp:">file server (ftp)</option>\
</select>\
</td><td width=50%>\
output format\
<select id="exportFormat" size=1>\
<option value="DIV">TiddlyWiki export file</option>\
<option value="TW">TiddlyWiki document</option>\
<option value="XML">RSS feed (XML)</option>\
</select>\
</td></tr></table>\
\
<!-- export to local file -->\
<div id="exportLocalPanel" style="margin-top:5px;">\
local path/filename<br>\
<input type="text" id="exportFilename" size=40 style="width:93%"><input \
type="button" id="exportBrowse" value="..." title="select or enter a local folder/file..." style="width:5%" \
onclick="this.previousSibling.value=window.promptForExportFilename(this);">\
<!--<input type="file" id="exportFilename" size=57 style="width:100%"><br>-->\
</div><!--panel-->\
\
<!-- export to http server -->\
<div id="exportHTTPPanel" style="display:none;margin-top:5px;">\
<table><tr><td align=left>\
server location, script, and parameters<br>\
</td><td align=right>\
<input type="checkbox" class="chk" id="exportNotify"\
onClick="document.getElementById(\'exportSetNotifyPanel\').style.display=this.checked?\'block\':\'none\'"> notify\
</td></tr></table>\
<input type="text" id="exportHTTPServerURL" onfocus="this.select()"><br>\
<div id="exportSetNotifyPanel" style="display:none">\
send email notices to<br>\
<input type="text" id="exportNotifyTo" onfocus="this.select()"><br>\
</div>\
</div><!--panel-->\
\
<!-- export to ftp server -->\
<div id="exportFTPPanel" style="display:none;margin-top:5px;">\
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="32%"><tr valign="top"><td>\
host server<br>\
<input type="text" id="exportFTPHost" onfocus="this.select()"><br>\
</td><td width="32%">\
username<br>\
<input type="text" id="exportFTPID" onfocus="this.select()"><br>\
</td><td width="32%">\
password<br>\
<input type="password" id="exportFTPPW" onfocus="this.select()"><br>\
</td></tr></table>\
FTP path/filename<br>\
<input type="text" id="exportFTPFilename" onfocus="this.select()"><br>\
</div><!--panel-->\
\
<!-- notes -->\
notes<br>\
<textarea id="exportNotes" rows=3 cols=40 style="height:4em;margin-bottom:5px;" onfocus="this.select()"></textarea> \
\
<!-- list of tiddlers -->\
<table><tr align="left"><td>\
select:\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="exportSelectAll"\
onclick="onClickExportButton(this)" title="select all tiddlers">\
all </a>\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="exportSelectChanges"\
onclick="onClickExportButton(this)" title="select tiddlers changed since last save">\
changes </a> \
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="exportSelectOpened"\
onclick="onClickExportButton(this)" title="select tiddlers currently being displayed">\
opened </a> \
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="exportToggleFilter"\
onclick="onClickExportButton(this)" title="show/hide selection filter">\
filter </a> \
</td><td align="right">\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="exportListSmaller"\
onclick="onClickExportButton(this)" title="reduce list size">\
– </a>\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="exportListLarger"\
onclick="onClickExportButton(this)" title="increase list size">\
+ </a>\
</td></tr></table>\
<select id="exportList" multiple size="10" style="margin-bottom:5px;"\
onchange="refreshExportList(this.selectedIndex)">\
</select><br>\
</div><!--box-->\
\
<!-- selection filter -->\
<div id="exportFilterPanel" style="display:none">\
<table><tr align="left"><td>\
selection filter\
</td><td align="right">\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="exportHideFilter"\
onclick="onClickExportButton(this)" title="hide selection filter">hide</a>\
</td></tr></table>\
<div class="box">\
<input type="checkbox" class="chk" id="exportFilterStart" value="1"\
onclick="exportShowFilterFields(this)"> starting date/time<br>\
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="center"><td width="50%">\
<select size=1 id="exportFilterStartBy" onchange="exportShowFilterFields(this);">\
<option value="0">today</option>\
<option value="1">yesterday</option>\
<option value="7">a week ago</option>\
<option value="30">a month ago</option>\
<option value="site">SiteDate</option>\
<option value="file">file date</option>\
<option value="other">other (mm/dd/yyyy hh:mm)</option>\
</select>\
</td><td width="50%">\
<input type="text" id="exportStartDate" onfocus="this.select()"\
onchange="document.getElementById(\'exportFilterStartBy\').value=\'other\';">\
</td></tr></table>\
<input type="checkbox" class="chk" id="exportFilterEnd" value="1"\
onclick="exportShowFilterFields(this)"> ending date/time<br>\
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="center"><td width="50%">\
<select size=1 id="exportFilterEndBy" onchange="exportShowFilterFields(this);">\
<option value="0">today</option>\
<option value="1">yesterday</option>\
<option value="7">a week ago</option>\
<option value="30">a month ago</option>\
<option value="site">SiteDate</option>\
<option value="file">file date</option>\
<option value="other">other (mm/dd/yyyy hh:mm)</option>\
</select>\
</td><td width="50%">\
<input type="text" id="exportEndDate" onfocus="this.select()"\
onchange="document.getElementById(\'exportFilterEndBy\').value=\'other\';">\
</td></tr></table>\
<input type="checkbox" class="chk" id=exportFilterTags value="1"\
onclick="exportShowFilterFields(this)"> match tags<br>\
<input type="text" id="exportTags" onfocus="this.select()">\
<input type="checkbox" class="chk" id=exportFilterText value="1"\
onclick="exportShowFilterFields(this)"> match titles/tiddler text<br>\
<input type="text" id="exportText" onfocus="this.select()">\
</div> <!--box-->\
</div> <!--panel-->\
\
<!-- action buttons -->\
<div style="text-align:center">\
<input type=button class="btn3" onclick="onClickExportButton(this)"\
id="exportFilter" value="apply filter">\
<input type=button class="btn3" onclick="onClickExportButton(this)"\
id="exportStart" value="export tiddlers">\
<input type=button class="btn3" onclick="onClickExportButton(this)"\
id="exportClose" value="close">\
</div><!--center-->\
';
//}}}
// // initialize interface
// // exportShowPanel(which)
//{{{
function exportShowPanel(which) {
var index=0; var panel='exportLocalPanel';
switch (which) {
case 'file:':
case undefined:
index=0; panel='exportLocalPanel'; break;
case 'http:':
index=1; panel='exportHTTPPanel'; break;
case 'https:':
index=2; panel='exportHTTPPanel'; break;
case 'ftp:':
index=3; panel='exportFTPPanel'; break;
default:
alert("Sorry, export to "+which+" is not yet available");
break;
}
exportInitPanel(which);
document.getElementById('exportTo').selectedIndex=index;
document.getElementById('exportLocalPanel').style.display='none';
document.getElementById('exportHTTPPanel').style.display='none';
document.getElementById('exportFTPPanel').style.display='none';
document.getElementById(panel).style.display='block';
}
//}}}
// // exportInitPanel(which)
//{{{
function exportInitPanel(which) {
switch (which) {
case "file:": // LOCAL EXPORT PANEL: file/path:
// ** no init - security issues in IE **
break;
case "http:": // WEB EXPORT PANEL
case "https:": // SECURE WEB EXPORT PANEL
// url
if (store.tiddlerExists("unawiki_download")) {
var theURL=store.getTiddlerText("unawiki_download");
theURL=theURL.replace(/\[\[download\|/,'').replace(/\]\]/,'');
var title=(store.tiddlerExists("unawiki_host"))?"unawiki_host":"SiteHost";
var theHost=store.getTiddlerText(title);
if (!theHost || !theHost.length) theHost=document.location.host;
if (!theHost || !theHost.length) theHost=title;
}
// server script/params
var title=(store.tiddlerExists("unawiki_host"))?"unawiki_host":"SiteHost";
var theHost=store.getTiddlerText(title);
if (!theHost || !theHost.length) theHost=document.location.host;
if (!theHost || !theHost.length) theHost=title;
// get POST
var title=(store.tiddlerExists("unawiki_post"))?"unawiki_post":"SitePost";
var thePost=store.getTiddlerText(title);
if (!thePost || !thePost.length) thePost="/"+title;
// get PARAMS
var title=(store.tiddlerExists("unawiki_params"))?"unawiki_params":"SiteParams";
var theParams=store.getTiddlerText(title);
if (!theParams|| !theParams.length) theParams=title;
var serverURL = which+"//"+theHost+thePost+"?"+theParams;
document.getElementById("exportHTTPServerURL").value=serverURL;
// get NOTIFY
var theAddresses=store.getTiddlerText("SiteNotify");
if (!theAddresses|| !theAddresses.length) theAddresses="SiteNotify";
document.getElementById("exportNotifyTo").value=theAddresses;
break;
case "ftp:": // FTP EXPORT PANEL
// host
var siteHost=store.getTiddlerText("SiteHost");
if (!siteHost || !siteHost.length) siteHost=document.location.host;
if (!siteHost || !siteHost.length) siteHost="SiteHost";
document.getElementById("exportFTPHost").value=siteHost;
// username
var siteID=store.getTiddlerText("SiteID");
if (!siteID || !siteID.length) siteID=config.options.txtUserName;
document.getElementById("exportFTPID").value=siteID;
// password
document.getElementById("exportFTPPW").value="";
// file/path
document.getElementById("exportFTPFilename").value="";
break;
}
}
//}}}
// // exportInitFilter()
//{{{
function exportInitFilter() {
// start date
document.getElementById("exportFilterStart").checked=false;
document.getElementById("exportStartDate").value="";
// end date
document.getElementById("exportFilterEnd").checked=false;
document.getElementById("exportEndDate").value="";
// tags
document.getElementById("exportFilterTags").checked=false;
document.getElementById("exportTags").value="";
// text
document.getElementById("exportFilterText").checked=false;
document.getElementById("exportText").value="";
// show/hide filter input fields
exportShowFilterFields();
}
//}}}
// // exportShowFilterFields(which)
//{{{
function exportShowFilterFields(which) {
var show;
show=document.getElementById('exportFilterStart').checked;
document.getElementById('exportFilterStartBy').style.display=show?"block":"none";
document.getElementById('exportStartDate').style.display=show?"block":"none";
var val=document.getElementById('exportFilterStartBy').value;
document.getElementById('exportStartDate').value
=getFilterDate(val,'exportStartDate').formatString(config.macros.exportTiddlers.datetimefmt);
if (which && (which.id=='exportFilterStartBy') && (val=='other'))
document.getElementById('exportStartDate').focus();
show=document.getElementById('exportFilterEnd').checked;
document.getElementById('exportFilterEndBy').style.display=show?"block":"none";
document.getElementById('exportEndDate').style.display=show?"block":"none";
var val=document.getElementById('exportFilterEndBy').value;
document.getElementById('exportEndDate').value
=getFilterDate(val,'exportEndDate').formatString(config.macros.exportTiddlers.datetimefmt);
if (which && (which.id=='exportFilterEndBy') && (val=='other'))
document.getElementById('exportEndDate').focus();
show=document.getElementById('exportFilterTags').checked;
document.getElementById('exportTags').style.display=show?"block":"none";
show=document.getElementById('exportFilterText').checked;
document.getElementById('exportText').style.display=show?"block":"none";
}
//}}}
// // onClickExportButton(which): control interactions
//{{{
function onClickExportButton(which)
{
// DEBUG alert(which.id);
var theList=document.getElementById('exportList'); if (!theList) return;
var count = 0;
var total = store.getTiddlers('title').length;
switch (which.id)
{
case 'exportFilter':
count=filterExportList();
var panel=document.getElementById('exportFilterPanel');
if (count==-1) { panel.style.display='block'; break; }
document.getElementById("exportStart").disabled=(count==0);
clearMessage(); displayMessage("filtered "+formatExportMessage(count,total));
if (count==0) { alert("No tiddlers were selected"); panel.style.display='block'; }
break;
case 'exportStart':
exportTiddlers();
break;
case 'exportHideFilter':
case 'exportToggleFilter':
var panel=document.getElementById('exportFilterPanel')
panel.style.display=(panel.style.display=='block')?'none':'block';
break;
case 'exportSelectChanges':
var lastmod=new Date(document.lastModified);
for (var t = 0; t < theList.options.length; t++) {
if (theList.options[t].value=="") continue;
var tiddler=store.getTiddler(theList.options[t].value); if (!tiddler) continue;
theList.options[t].selected=(tiddler.modified>lastmod);
count += (tiddler.modified>lastmod)?1:0;
}
document.getElementById("exportStart").disabled=(count==0);
clearMessage(); displayMessage(formatExportMessage(count,total));
if (count==0) alert("There are no unsaved changes");
break;
case 'exportSelectAll':
for (var t = 0; t < theList.options.length; t++) {
if (theList.options[t].value=="") continue;
theList.options[t].selected=true;
count += 1;
}
document.getElementById("exportStart").disabled=(count==0);
clearMessage(); displayMessage(formatExportMessage(count,count));
break;
case 'exportSelectOpened':
for (var t = 0; t < theList.options.length; t++) theList.options[t].selected=false;
var tiddlerDisplay = document.getElementById("tiddlerDisplay"); // for TW2.1-
if (!tiddlerDisplay) tiddlerDisplay = document.getElementById("storyDisplay"); // for TW2.2+
for (var t=0;t<tiddlerDisplay.childNodes.length;t++) {
var tiddler=tiddlerDisplay.childNodes[t].id.substr(7);
for (var i = 0; i < theList.options.length; i++) {
if (theList.options[i].value!=tiddler) continue;
theList.options[i].selected=true; count++; break;
}
}
document.getElementById("exportStart").disabled=(count==0);
clearMessage(); displayMessage(formatExportMessage(count,total));
if (count==0) alert("There are no tiddlers currently opened");
break;
case 'exportListSmaller': // decrease current listbox size
var min=5;
theList.size-=(theList.size>min)?1:0;
break;
case 'exportListLarger': // increase current listbox size
var max=(theList.options.length>25)?theList.options.length:25;
theList.size+=(theList.size<max)?1:0;
break;
case 'exportClose':
document.getElementById('exportPanel').style.display='none';
break;
}
}
//}}}
// // list display
//{{{
function formatExportMessage(count,total)
{
var txt=total+' tiddler'+((total!=1)?'s':'')+" - ";
txt += (count==0)?"none":(count==total)?"all":count;
txt += " selected for export";
return txt;
}
function refreshExportList(selectedIndex)
{
var theList = document.getElementById("exportList");
var sort;
if (!theList) return;
// get the sort order
if (!selectedIndex) selectedIndex=0;
if (selectedIndex==0) sort='modified';
if (selectedIndex==1) sort='title';
if (selectedIndex==2) sort='modified';
if (selectedIndex==3) sort='modifier';
if (selectedIndex==4) sort='tags';
// unselect headings and count number of tiddlers actually selected
for (var t=0,count=0; t < theList.options.length; t++) {
if (!theList.options[t].selected) continue;
if (theList.options[t].value!="")
count++;
else { // if heading is selected, deselect it, and then select and count all in section
theList.options[t].selected=false;
for ( t++; t<theList.options.length && theList.options[t].value!=""; t++) {
theList.options[t].selected=true;
count++;
}
}
}
// disable "export" button if no tiddlers selected
document.getElementById("exportStart").disabled=(count==0);
// show selection count
var tiddlers = store.getTiddlers('title');
if (theList.options.length) { clearMessage(); displayMessage(formatExportMessage(count,tiddlers.length)); }
// if a [command] item, reload list... otherwise, no further refresh needed
if (selectedIndex>4) return;
// clear current list contents
while (theList.length > 0) { theList.options[0] = null; }
// add heading and control items to list
var i=0;
var indent=String.fromCharCode(160)+String.fromCharCode(160);
theList.options[i++]=
new Option(tiddlers.length+" tiddlers in document", "",false,false);
theList.options[i++]=
new Option(((sort=="title" )?">":indent)+' [by title]', "",false,false);
theList.options[i++]=
new Option(((sort=="modified")?">":indent)+' [by date]', "",false,false);
theList.options[i++]=
new Option(((sort=="modifier")?">":indent)+' [by author]', "",false,false);
theList.options[i++]=
new Option(((sort=="tags" )?">":indent)+' [by tags]', "",false,false);
// output the tiddler list
switch(sort)
{
case "title":
for(var t = 0; t < tiddlers.length; t++)
theList.options[i++] = new Option(tiddlers[t].title,tiddlers[t].title,false,false);
break;
case "modifier":
case "modified":
var tiddlers = store.getTiddlers(sort);
// sort descending for newest date first
tiddlers.sort(function (a,b) {if(a[sort] == b[sort]) return(0); else return (a[sort] > b[sort]) ? -1 : +1; });
var lastSection = "";
for(var t = 0; t < tiddlers.length; t++)
{
var tiddler = tiddlers[t];
var theSection = "";
if (sort=="modified") theSection=tiddler.modified.toLocaleDateString();
if (sort=="modifier") theSection=tiddler.modifier;
if (theSection != lastSection)
{
theList.options[i++] = new Option(theSection,"",false,false);
lastSection = theSection;
}
theList.options[i++] = new Option(indent+indent+tiddler.title,tiddler.title,false,false);
}
break;
case "tags":
var theTitles = {}; // all tiddler titles, hash indexed by tag value
var theTags = new Array();
for(var t=0; t<tiddlers.length; t++) {
var title=tiddlers[t].title;
var tags=tiddlers[t].tags;
if (!tags || !tags.length) {
if (theTitles["untagged"]==undefined) { theTags.push("untagged"); theTitles["untagged"]=new Array(); }
theTitles["untagged"].push(title);
}
else for(var s=0; s<tags.length; s++) {
if (theTitles[tags[s]]==undefined) { theTags.push(tags[s]); theTitles[tags[s]]=new Array(); }
theTitles[tags[s]].push(title);
}
}
theTags.sort();
for(var tagindex=0; tagindex<theTags.length; tagindex++) {
var theTag=theTags[tagindex];
theList.options[i++]=new Option(theTag,"",false,false);
for(var t=0; t<theTitles[theTag].length; t++)
theList.options[i++]=new Option(indent+indent+theTitles[theTag][t],theTitles[theTag][t],false,false);
}
break;
}
theList.selectedIndex=selectedIndex; // select current control item
}
//}}}
// // list filtering
//{{{
function getFilterDate(val,id)
{
var result=0;
switch (val) {
case 'site':
var timestamp=store.getTiddlerText("SiteDate");
if (!timestamp) timestamp=document.lastModified;
result=new Date(timestamp);
break;
case 'file':
result=new Date(document.lastModified);
break;
case 'other':
result=new Date(document.getElementById(id).value);
break;
default: // today=0, yesterday=1, one week=7, two weeks=14, a month=31
var now=new Date(); var tz=now.getTimezoneOffset()*60000; now-=tz;
var oneday=86400000;
if (id=='exportStartDate')
result=new Date((Math.floor(now/oneday)-val)*oneday+tz);
else
result=new Date((Math.floor(now/oneday)-val+1)*oneday+tz-1);
break;
}
// DEBUG alert('getFilterDate('+val+','+id+')=='+result+"\nnow="+now);
return result;
}
function filterExportList()
{
var theList = document.getElementById("exportList"); if (!theList) return -1;
var filterStart=document.getElementById("exportFilterStart").checked;
var val=document.getElementById("exportFilterStartBy").value;
var startDate=getFilterDate(val,'exportStartDate');
var filterEnd=document.getElementById("exportFilterEnd").checked;
var val=document.getElementById("exportFilterEndBy").value;
var endDate=getFilterDate(val,'exportEndDate');
var filterTags=document.getElementById("exportFilterTags").checked;
var tags=document.getElementById("exportTags").value;
var filterText=document.getElementById("exportFilterText").checked;
var text=document.getElementById("exportText").value;
if (!(filterStart||filterEnd||filterTags||filterText)) {
alert("Please set the selection filter");
document.getElementById('exportFilterPanel').style.display="block";
return -1;
}
if (filterStart&&filterEnd&&(startDate>endDate)) {
var msg="starting date/time:\n"
msg+=startDate.toLocaleString()+"\n";
msg+="is later than ending date/time:\n"
msg+=endDate.toLocaleString()
alert(msg);
return -1;
}
// scan list and select tiddlers that match all applicable criteria
var total=0;
var count=0;
for (var i=0; i<theList.options.length; i++) {
// get item, skip non-tiddler list items (section headings)
var opt=theList.options[i]; if (opt.value=="") continue;
// get tiddler, skip missing tiddlers (this should NOT happen)
var tiddler=store.getTiddler(opt.value); if (!tiddler) continue;
var sel=true;
if ( (filterStart && tiddler.modified<startDate)
|| (filterEnd && tiddler.modified>endDate)
|| (filterTags && !matchTags(tiddler,tags))
|| (filterText && (tiddler.text.indexOf(text)==-1) && (tiddler.title.indexOf(text)==-1)))
sel=false;
opt.selected=sel;
count+=sel?1:0;
total++;
}
return count;
}
//}}}
//{{{
function matchTags(tiddler,cond)
{
if (!cond||!cond.trim().length) return false;
// build a regex of all tags as a big-old regex that
// OR's the tags together (tag1|tag2|tag3...) in length order
var tgs = store.getTags();
if ( tgs.length == 0 ) return results ;
var tags = tgs.sort( function(a,b){return (a[0].length<b[0].length)-(a[0].length>b[0].length);});
var exp = "(" + tags.join("|") + ")" ;
exp = exp.replace( /(,[\d]+)/g, "" ) ;
var regex = new RegExp( exp, "ig" );
// build a string such that an expression that looks like this: tag1 AND tag2 OR NOT tag3
// turns into : /tag1/.test(...) && /tag2/.test(...) || ! /tag2/.test(...)
cond = cond.replace( regex, "/$1\\|/.test(tiddlerTags)" );
cond = cond.replace( /\sand\s/ig, " && " ) ;
cond = cond.replace( /\sor\s/ig, " || " ) ;
cond = cond.replace( /\s?not\s/ig, " ! " ) ;
// if a boolean uses a tag that doesn't exist - it will get left alone
// (we only turn existing tags into actual tests).
// replace anything that wasn't found as a tag, AND, OR, or NOT with the string "false"
// if the tag doesn't exist then /tag/.test(...) will always return false.
cond = cond.replace( /(\s|^)+[^\/\|&!][^\s]*/g, "false" ) ;
// make a string of the tags in the tiddler and eval the 'cond' string against that string
// if it's TRUE then the tiddler qualifies!
var tiddlerTags = (tiddler.tags?tiddler.tags.join("|"):"")+"|" ;
try { if ( eval( cond ) ) return true; }
catch( e ) { displayMessage("Error in tag filter '" + e + "'" ); }
return false;
}
//}}}
// // output data formatting
// // exportHeader(format)
//{{{
function exportHeader(format)
{
switch (format) {
case "TW": return exportTWHeader();
case "DIV": return exportDIVHeader();
case "XML": return exportXMLHeader();
}
}
//}}}
// // exportFooter(format)
//{{{
function exportFooter(format)
{
switch (format) {
case "TW": return exportDIVFooter();
case "DIV": return exportDIVFooter();
case "XML": return exportXMLFooter();
}
}
//}}}
// // exportTWHeader()
//{{{
function exportTWHeader()
{
// Get the URL of the document
var originalPath = document.location.href;
// Check we were loaded from a file URL
if(originalPath.substr(0,5) != "file:")
{ alert(config.messages.notFileUrlError); return; }
// Remove any location part of the URL
var hashPos = originalPath.indexOf("#"); if(hashPos != -1) originalPath = originalPath.substr(0,hashPos);
// Convert to a native file format assuming
// "file:///x:/path/path/path..." - pc local file --> "x:\path\path\path..."
// "file://///server/share/path/path/path..." - FireFox pc network file --> "\\server\share\path\path\path..."
// "file:///path/path/path..." - mac/unix local file --> "/path/path/path..."
// "file://server/share/path/path/path..." - pc network file --> "\\server\share\path\path\path..."
var localPath;
if(originalPath.charAt(9) == ":") // pc local file
localPath = unescape(originalPath.substr(8)).replace(new RegExp("/","g"),"\\");
else if(originalPath.indexOf("file://///") == 0) // FireFox pc network file
localPath = "\\\\" + unescape(originalPath.substr(10)).replace(new RegExp("/","g"),"\\");
else if(originalPath.indexOf("file:///") == 0) // mac/unix local file
localPath = unescape(originalPath.substr(7));
else if(originalPath.indexOf("file:/") == 0) // mac/unix local file
localPath = unescape(originalPath.substr(5));
else // pc network file
localPath = "\\\\" + unescape(originalPath.substr(7)).replace(new RegExp("/","g"),"\\");
// Load the original file
var original = loadFile(localPath);
if(original == null)
{ alert(config.messages.cantSaveError); return; }
// Locate the storeArea div's
var posOpeningDiv = original.indexOf(startSaveArea);
var posClosingDiv = original.lastIndexOf(endSaveArea);
if((posOpeningDiv == -1) || (posClosingDiv == -1))
{ alert(config.messages.invalidFileError.format([localPath])); return; }
return original.substr(0,posOpeningDiv+startSaveArea.length)
}
//}}}
// // exportDIVHeader()
//{{{
function exportDIVHeader()
{
var out=[];
var now = new Date();
var title = convertUnicodeToUTF8(wikifyPlain("SiteTitle").htmlEncode());
var subtitle = convertUnicodeToUTF8(wikifyPlain("SiteSubtitle").htmlEncode());
var user = convertUnicodeToUTF8(config.options.txtUserName.htmlEncode());
var twver = version.major+"."+version.minor+"."+version.revision;
var pver = version.extensions.exportTiddlers.major+"."
+version.extensions.exportTiddlers.minor+"."+version.extensions.exportTiddlers.revision;
out.push("<html><body>");
out.push("<style type=\"text/css\">");
out.push("#storeArea {display:block;margin:1em;}");
out.push("#storeArea div");
out.push("{padding:0.5em;margin:1em;border:2px solid black;height:10em;overflow:auto;}");
out.push("#javascriptWarning");
out.push("{width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#eeeeee;padding:1em;}");
out.push("</style>");
out.push("<div id=\"javascriptWarning\">");
out.push("TiddlyWiki export file<br>");
out.push("Source"+": <b>"+convertUnicodeToUTF8(document.location.href)+"</b><br>");
out.push("Title: <b>"+title+"</b><br>");
out.push("Subtitle: <b>"+subtitle+"</b><br>");
out.push("Created: <b>"+now.toLocaleString()+"</b> by <b>"+user+"</b><br>");
out.push("TiddlyWiki "+twver+" / "+"ExportTiddlersPlugin "+pver+"<br>");
out.push("Notes:<hr><pre>"+document.getElementById("exportNotes").value.replace(regexpNewLine,"<br>")+"</pre>");
out.push("</div>");
out.push("<div id=\"storeArea\">");
return out;
}
//}}}
// // exportDIVFooter()
//{{{
function exportDIVFooter()
{
var out=[];
out.push("</div><!--POST-BODY-START-->\n<!--POST-BODY-END--></body></html>");
return out;
}
//}}}
// // exportXMLHeader()
//{{{
function exportXMLHeader()
{
var out=[];
var now = new Date();
var u = store.getTiddlerText("SiteUrl",null);
var title = convertUnicodeToUTF8(wikifyPlain("SiteTitle").htmlEncode());
var subtitle = convertUnicodeToUTF8(wikifyPlain("SiteSubtitle").htmlEncode());
var user = convertUnicodeToUTF8(config.options.txtUserName.htmlEncode());
var twver = version.major+"."+version.minor+"."+version.revision;
var pver = version.extensions.exportTiddlers.major+"."
+version.extensions.exportTiddlers.minor+"."+version.extensions.exportTiddlers.revision;
out.push("<" + "?xml version=\"1.0\"?" + ">");
out.push("<rss version=\"2.0\">");
out.push("<channel>");
out.push("<title>" + title + "</title>");
if(u) out.push("<link>" + convertUnicodeToUTF8(u.htmlEncode()) + "</link>");
out.push("<description>" + subtitle + "</description>");
out.push("<language>en-us</language>");
out.push("<copyright>Copyright " + now.getFullYear() + " " + user + "</copyright>");
out.push("<pubDate>" + now.toGMTString() + "</pubDate>");
out.push("<lastBuildDate>" + now.toGMTString() + "</lastBuildDate>");
out.push("<docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>");
out.push("<generator>TiddlyWiki "+twver+" plus ExportTiddlersPlugin "+pver+"</generator>");
return out;
}
//}}}
// // exportXMLFooter()
//{{{
function exportXMLFooter()
{
var out=[];
out.push("</channel></rss>");
return out;
}
//}}}
// // exportData()
//{{{
function exportData(theList,theFormat)
{
// scan export listbox and collect DIVs or XML for selected tiddler content
var out=[];
for (var i=0; i<theList.options.length; i++) {
// get item, skip non-selected items and section headings
var opt=theList.options[i]; if (!opt.selected||(opt.value=="")) continue;
// get tiddler, skip missing tiddlers (this should NOT happen)
var thisTiddler=store.getTiddler(opt.value); if (!thisTiddler) continue;
if (theFormat=="TW") out.push(convertUnicodeToUTF8(thisTiddler.saveToDiv()));
if (theFormat=="DIV") out.push(convertUnicodeToUTF8(thisTiddler.title+"\n"+thisTiddler.saveToDiv()));
if (theFormat=="XML") out.push(convertUnicodeToUTF8(thisTiddler.saveToRss(store.getTiddlerText("SiteUrl",""))));
}
return out;
}
//}}}
// // exportTiddlers(): output selected data to local or server
//{{{
function exportTiddlers()
{
var theList = document.getElementById("exportList"); if (!theList) return;
// get the export settings
var theProtocol = document.getElementById("exportTo").value;
var theFormat = document.getElementById("exportFormat").value;
// assemble output: header + tiddlers + footer
var theData=exportData(theList,theFormat);
var count=theData.length;
var out=[]; var txt=out.concat(exportHeader(theFormat),theData,exportFooter(theFormat)).join("\n");
var msg="";
switch (theProtocol) {
case "file:":
var theTarget = document.getElementById("exportFilename").value.trim();
if (!theTarget.length) msg = "A local path/filename is required\n";
if (!msg && saveFile(theTarget,txt))
msg=count+" tiddler"+((count!=1)?"s":"")+" exported to local file";
else if (!msg)
msg+="An error occurred while saving to "+theTarget;
break;
case "http:":
case "https:":
var theTarget = document.getElementById("exportHTTPServerURL").value.trim();
if (!theTarget.length) msg = "A server URL is required\n";
if (document.getElementById('exportNotify').checked)
theTarget+="¬ify="+encodeURIComponent(document.getElementById('exportNotifyTo').value);
if (document.getElementById('exportNotes').value.trim().length)
theTarget+="¬es="+encodeURIComponent(document.getElementById('exportNotes').value);
if (!msg && exportPost(theTarget+encodeURIComponent(txt)))
msg=count+" tiddler"+((count!=1)?"s":"")+" exported to "+theProtocol+" server";
else if (!msg)
msg+="An error occurred while saving to "+theTarget;
break;
case "ftp:":
default:
msg="Sorry, export to "+theLocation+" is not yet available";
break;
}
clearMessage(); displayMessage(msg,theTarget);
}
//}}}
// // exportPost(url): cross-domain post uses hidden iframe to submit url and capture responses
//{{{
function exportPost(url)
{
var f=document.getElementById("exportFrame"); if (f) document.body.removeChild(f);
f=document.createElement("iframe"); f.id="exportFrame";
f.style.width="0px"; f.style.height="0px"; f.style.border="0px";
document.body.appendChild(f);
var d=f.document;
if (f.contentDocument) d=f.contentDocument; // For NS6
else if (f.contentWindow) d=f.contentWindow.document; // For IE5.5 and IE6
d.location.replace(url);
return true;
}
//}}}
// // promptForFilename(msg,path,file) uses platform/browser specific functions to get local filespec
//{{{
function promptForExportFilename(here)
{
var msg=here.title; // use tooltip as dialog box message
var path=getLocalPath(document.location.href);
var slashpos=path.lastIndexOf("/"); if (slashpos==-1) slashpos=path.lastIndexOf("\\");
if (slashpos!=-1) path = path.substr(0,slashpos+1); // remove filename from path, leave the trailing slash
var file=config.macros.exportTiddlers.newdefault;
var result="";
if(window.Components) { // moz
try {
netscape.security.PrivilegeManager.enablePrivilege('UniversalXPConnect');
var nsIFilePicker = window.Components.interfaces.nsIFilePicker;
var picker = Components.classes['@mozilla.org/filepicker;1'].createInstance(nsIFilePicker);
picker.init(window, msg, nsIFilePicker.modeSave);
var thispath = Components.classes['@mozilla.org/file/local;1'].createInstance(Components.interfaces.nsILocalFile);
thispath.initWithPath(path);
picker.displayDirectory=thispath;
picker.defaultExtension='html';
picker.defaultString=file;
picker.appendFilters(nsIFilePicker.filterAll|nsIFilePicker.filterText|nsIFilePicker.filterHTML);
if (picker.show()!=nsIFilePicker.returnCancel) var result=picker.file.persistentDescriptor;
}
catch(e) { alert('error during local file access: '+e.toString()) }
}
else { // IE
try { // XP only
var s = new ActiveXObject('UserAccounts.CommonDialog');
s.Filter='All files|*.*|Text files|*.txt|HTML files|*.htm;*.html|';
s.FilterIndex=3; // default to HTML files;
s.InitialDir=path;
s.FileName=file;
if (s.showOpen()) var result=s.FileName;
}
catch(e) { var result=prompt(msg,path+file); } // fallback for non-XP IE
}
return result;
}
//}}}
Yí dìng
duì - right, exactly
bùshìma isn't that so?
----
http://www.standardmandarin.com/chinesephrases/
哦 = Oh!
|之乎者也|zhīhūzhěyě|four common characters of classical Chinese (idiom); fig. semi-incomprehensible talk / double Dutch / all Greek to me|
----
biǎozi prostitute / whore/bitch
----
jinshì
Short-sighted
----
súi xīn sŭo yù
Follow your heart; do as you please.
súi = follow
xīn = heart
sŭo = that
yù = desire, wish
----
''Yŏu zhì jìng chéng''
Where there’s a will there’s a way.
''zhì '' = will
jìng = in the end
chéng = succeed
/***
| Name:|ExtentTagButtonPlugin|
| Description:|Adds a New tiddler button in the tag drop down|
| Version:|3.0 ($Rev: 1845 $)|
| Date:|$Date: 2007-03-16 15:19:22 +1000 (Fri, 16 Mar 2007) $|
| Source:|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#ExtendTagButtonPlugin|
| Author:|Simon Baird <simon.baird@gmail.com>|
| License|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#TheBSDLicense|
***/
//{{{
// can't hijack a click handler. must redefine this entirely.
// would be good to refactor in the core...
// this version copied from 2.1.3 core
// Event handler for clicking on a tiddler tag
function onClickTag(e)
{
if (!e) var e = window.event;
var theTarget = resolveTarget(e);
var popup = Popup.create(this);
var tag = this.getAttribute("tag");
var title = this.getAttribute("tiddler");
if(popup && tag)
{
var tagged = store.getTaggedTiddlers(tag);
var titles = [];
var li,r;
for(r=0;r<tagged.length;r++)
if(tagged[r].title != title)
titles.push(tagged[r].title);
var lingo = config.views.wikified.tag;
wikify("<<newTiddler label:'New tiddler' tag:"+tag+">>",createTiddlyElement(popup,"li")); // <---- the only modification
if(titles.length > 0)
{
var openAll = createTiddlyButton(createTiddlyElement(popup,"li"),lingo.openAllText.format([tag]),lingo.openAllTooltip,onClickTagOpenAll);
openAll.setAttribute("tag",tag);
createTiddlyElement(createTiddlyElement(popup,"li",null,"listBreak"),"div");
for(r=0; r<titles.length; r++)
{
createTiddlyLink(createTiddlyElement(popup,"li"),titles[r],true);
}
}
else
createTiddlyText(createTiddlyElement(popup,"li",null,"disabled"),lingo.popupNone.format([tag]));
createTiddlyElement(createTiddlyElement(popup,"li",null,"listBreak"),"div");
var h = createTiddlyLink(createTiddlyElement(popup,"li"),tag,false);
createTiddlyText(h,lingo.openTag.format([tag]));
}
Popup.show(popup,false);
e.cancelBubble = true;
if (e.stopPropagation) e.stopPropagation();
return(false);
}
//}}}
!_ListMacroExtension
*Use this to create an ordered list of tiddlers tagged with a specific tag. It extends the existing core list Macro.
<<<
''Syntax''
{{{
<<list tagged [existingTag] [sortField]>>
}}}
Where ''[existingTag]'' is the name of an existing tag present and being used in your TiddlyWiki.
Where ''[sortField]'' is the name of a tiddler attribute. If none or incorrect attribute supplied, ''title'' is used as the default.
*title
*text
*modifier
*modified
*created
*links
*tags
*Need the GetPluginInfo addon as well
Displays the following information - version, date, source and author about plugins in this collection using the ''version.extensions.[pluginName]'' attributes. All other plugins use this macro to display plugin details.
Examples :
{{{<<list tagged systemConfig>>: uses modified title, which is the default case, to sort results for tiddlers tagged as systemConfig.}}}
{{{<<list tagged systemConfig modified>>: uses modified date to sort results for tiddlers tagged as systemConfig.}}}
//{{{
// WebSnapr - Preview Bubble Javascript
// Written by Juan Xavier Larrea
// Adapted for TW by Saq Imtiaz
// requires [[this image|bg.png]]
function applyStyleString(obj,str) {
if(document.all && !window.opera) {
obj.style.setAttribute("cssText",str);
} else {
obj.setAttribute("style",str);
}
}
// Point this variable to the correct location of the bg.png file
var bubbleImagePath = 'bg.png';
function getElementsByClassName(oElm, strTagName, strClassName){
var arrElements = (strTagName == "*" && oElm.all)? oElm.all : oElm.getElementsByTagName(strTagName);
var arrReturnElements = new Array();
strClassName = strClassName.replace(/\-/g, "\\-");
var oRegExp = new RegExp("(^|\\s)" + strClassName + "(\\s|$)");
var oElement;
for(var i=0; i<arrElements.length; i++){
oElement = arrElements[i];
if(oRegExp.test(oElement.className)){
arrReturnElements.push(oElement);
}
}
return (arrReturnElements)
}
function bindBubbles(e){
lbActions=getElementsByClassName(document,"a","externalLink");
for(i=0;i<lbActions.length;i++){
addEvent(lbActions[i],"mouseover",attachBubble,false);
addEvent(lbActions[i],"mouseout",detachBubble,false);
lbActions[i].title = '';
}
}
function attachBubble(_b){
var _c;
if(_b["srcElement"]){
_c=_b["srcElement"];
}else{
_c=_b["target"];
}
if (_c.href == undefined){
_c=_c.parentNode;
}
var _d=_c.href;
var _e=findPosX(_c) +5;
var _f=findPosY(_c) +17;
var _10=document.createElement("div");
document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0].appendChild(_10);
_10.className="previewbubble";
applyStyleString(_10,"text-align: center; z-index: 99999; position: absolute; top: "+_f+"px ; left: "+_e+"px ; width: 240px; height: 190px; padding: 0; margin: 0;");
if (config.browser.isIE)
_10.style.filter="progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.AlphaImageLoader(src='" + bubbleImagePath + "',sizingMethod='image')";
else
_10.style.background= "url("+ bubbleImagePath +") no-repeat";
var img=document.createElement("img");
_10.appendChild(img);
applyStyleString(img,"padding-top: 0; padding-left: 0; padding-right: 0; padding-bottom: 0; margin-top: 27px; margin-left: 12px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-right: 0; border: 0");
img.setAttribute("src","http://images.websnapr.com/?url="+_d);
img.setAttribute("width",202);
img.setAttribute("height",152);
img.setAttribute("alt","Snapshot");
}
function detachBubble(_12){
lbActions=getElementsByClassName(document,"div","previewbubble");
for(i=0;i<lbActions.length;i++){
lbActions[i].parentNode.removeChild(lbActions[i]);
}
}
old_websnapr_refreshTiddler = Story.prototype.refreshTiddler;
Story.prototype.refreshTiddler = function(title,template,force)
{
var tiddlerElem = old_websnapr_refreshTiddler.apply(this,arguments);
bindBubbles();
return tiddlerElem;
}
//}}}
Cotton French Terry (100% CO)
Cotton fabric with a jersey look outside and terry loops inside. Ensures comfort for sports and leisure activities. Popular in sporty or casual clothing.
Cotton French Terry Elastane (95% CO/ 5% EL)
Light weight French Terry fabric with elasticity through Elastane for enhanced movement and additional comfort.
Cotton Jersey (100% CO)
Knitted natural fiber which is soft and comfortable to wear.
Cotton Jersey Elastane (95% CO/ 5% EL)
Cotton fabric that offers elasticity through Elastane for more comfort and movement.
Mesh Fabrics
Knitted Fabric with small holes in its structure ensures enhanced breathability where it is needed.
PES Woven Peach
Soft touch woven material which is used for men’s training pants. It gives a sportive and leisure look at the same time and is comfortable to wear.
Polyamide (92% PA/ 8% EL)
Functional and stretchable fabric with Elastane which transports moisture away from the body. Together with its soft touch it stands for comfort during all kinds of active sports.
Polyester 895% PES/ 5% EL)
Functional and stretchable fabric with Elastane which transports moisture away from the body. A brushed finish gives the fabric a soft cotton hand feel.
Polyester Woven (100% PES)
Soft touch woven material which is used for different kid’s of feminine woven suits. Light and comfortable.
Polyester Woven Stretch (95% PES/ 5% EL)
Stretchable woven fabric with Elastane which ensures freedom of movement during sports activities.
Velour’s (80% Co/ 20% PES)
This soft material with a natural stretch function provides you with a cozy and warm feeling for enhanced well-being.
Viscose (95% Viscose / 5% EL or 90% Viscose/ 10% EL)
Modern fiber from regenerated cellulose. Light eight, soft and flowing material with is comfortable and easy to wear.
!Fabric abbreviations
AF – Other Fibers
CLY – Lyocell
CMD – Modal
CO – Cotton / Baumwolle
CV – Viscose
EA – elastane
EL – Elastane aka spandex
HA – Hemp / Hanf
LI – Flax / Linen
ME – Metallic
PA – Nylon / Polyamid
PBT -polyester
PC – acrylic
PES – Polyester
PM – polyester
PUR – Polyurethane
SE – Silk / Seide
!!Some Italian Translations and Abbreviations:
VI – also means viscose
WA – angora wool
WK – camel hair wool
WL – Lama Wool
WM – Mohair (Goat) Wool
WO – Wool (Sheep by default)
WP – Alpaca Wool
WP – can also mean baby alpaca Wool
WS – Cashmere Goat aka Kaschmir and Cachemire and (incorrectly) Kashmir
WV – Virgin Fleece Wool
!!Softshell
http://www.backcountry.com/store/newsletter/a127/What-THE-HECK-is-Soft-Shell.html
// //''Name:'' FAQ List
// //''Version:'' 1.4 for TW 2.0.0
// //''Author:'' AlanHecht
// //''Type:'' [[Macro|Macros]]
// //''Description:'' FAQ List lets you compile a list of Frequently Asked Questions and present them in a cascading style for the viewer. Each question is turned into a link that will toggle the view of the answer text. The list can be compiled either from all tiddlers containing a certain tag or from a single tiddler that contains all the needed questions and answers.
// //''Syntax:'' << {{{ faqlist mode source sortBy hrSeparator }}} >>
// // ''faqlist:'' the macro call (required)
// // ''mode:'' either "byTag" or "byTitle" (required)
// // ''source:'' the associated tag or tiddler title (required)
// // ''sortBy:'' if byTag, sort can be "title," "modifier," "modified." If byTitle, sort can be "question" and will reorder the questions in alphabetical order. (this parameter is optional; use "null" if you don't want a sort order, but want to use "hr" as the last paramter)
// // ''hrSeparator:'' if "hr" is included at the end of the call string, each question/answer set will be separated by a horizontal rule.
// //Examples: (edit these two tiddlers to see the syntax used for each)
// // • [[FAQ Method One]] (compiled from tiddlers tagged with a certain tag)
// // • [[FAQ Method Two]] (compiled using the content of a single tiddler)
// // • @@color(#ff0000):''New!''@@ [[FAQ Method Three]] (uses the {{{<<tiddler>>}}} macro to pull the faq questions from a single tiddler and the answers from other tiddlers...very cool!)
// //''Directions:'' <<tiddler StartupBehaviorDirections>> <<tiddler MacroDirections>>
// //''Notes:'' If you choose to use byTitle mode where the entire set of questions/answers comes from a single tiddler, the syntax for the tiddler content is as follows:
// // • Each question must be a single line (i.e. no hard returns) but can wrap as needed
// // • The answer to a question begins on the next line after the question and can be as long as needed. It can also include hard returns as part of the answer text, but it cannot include empty lines (i.e. an empty line is the result of pressing enter twice).
// // • Each question/answer set must be seperated by two hard returns (i.e. must have a single, blank line between them.
// // Refer to [[FAQ Tiddler Sample]] for an example.
// //''Known Issues:'' If a user clicks too quickly to toggle a FAQ entry on/off, they will go into tiddler edit mode. This should be corrected in the future by allowing web-hosted versions of the faq to disable double-clicking.
// //''Revision History:''
// // v0.1.0 (01 August 2005): initial release
// // v0.1.1 (04 August 2005): Fixed an endless loop bug (thanks to Kevin Kleinfelter).
// // v0.1.2 (19 October 2005): Fixed TW compatibility .32 bugs (newline for block quote and e.preventDefault by Clint Checketts)
// // v0.1.3 (01 November 2005): Thanks to Clint's work, I fixed a similar "jump to top" problem when using the expand & collapse buttons. Also added the description for [[FAQ Method Three]]
// // v0.1.4 (05 January 2006): Created a special version of FaqList to work with TW v2.0.0
// //''Code section:''
version.extensions.faqlist = {major: 0, minor: 1, revision: 4, date: new Date("Jan 05, 2006")};
config.macros.faqlist = {
bulletCollapse: "",
bulletExpand: "*",
expandButton: {title: "Expand All", tooltip: "Open all items for reading"},
collapseButton: {title: "Collapse All", tooltip: "Close all items"}
};
config.macros.faqlist.handler = function(place,macroName,params)
{
lingo = config.macros.faqlist;
var mode = params[0].toLowerCase();
var list = [];
switch(mode)
{
case "bytag":
var tagged = store.getTaggedTiddlers(params[1], params[2]);
for(t=0; t<tagged.length; t++)
{
var title = tagged[t].title;
list[t] = [title,store.getTiddlerText(title)];
}
var subTitle = store.fetchTiddler(title).getSubtitle();
break;
case "bytitle":
var faqText = store.getTiddlerText(params[1]);
var faqItems = faqText.split("\n\n");
if(params[2] == "question")
faqItems.sort();
for(t=0; t<faqItems.length; t++)
{
list[t] = [faqItems[t].substring(0,faqItems[t].indexOf("\n")),faqItems[t].substring(faqItems[t].indexOf("\n")+1)];
}
var subTitle = null;
break;
}
var faqHeading = place.appendChild(document.createElement("span"));
faqHeading.appendChild(createTiddlyButton(faqHeading,lingo.expandButton.title,lingo.expandButton.tooltip,faqExpandAll));
faqHeading.appendChild(createTiddlyButton(faqHeading,lingo.collapseButton.title,lingo.collapseButton.tooltip,faqCollapseAll));
faqHeading.appendChild(document.createElement("p"));
var faqBody = place.appendChild(document.createElement("span"));
for(var t=0; t<list.length; t++)
{
var title = list[t][0];
var content = "<<<\n" + list[t][1] + "=\n<<<\n";
var theClass = "tiddlyLinkExisting tiddlyLink";
var itemHeading = faqBody.appendChild(document.createElement("span"));
itemHeading.appendChild(document.createTextNode(config.macros.faqlist.bulletCollapse + " "));
createTiddlyButton(itemHeading,title,subTitle,faqToggleThis,theClass);
var itemBody = faqBody.appendChild(document.createElement("span"));
itemBody.style.display = "none";
itemBody.className = "itemBody";
wikify(content,itemBody,null,null);
faqBody.appendChild(itemBody);
faqBody.appendChild(document.createElement("p"));
if(params[3] == "hr")
faqBody.appendChild(document.createElement("hr"));
}
}
function faqToggleThis(e)
{
var content = this.parentNode.nextSibling;
var shown = content.style.display;
if(shown == "none")
{
content.style.display = "inline";
this.previousSibling.nodeValue = config.macros.faqlist.bulletExpand + " ";
}
else
{
content.style.display = "none";
this.previousSibling.nodeValue = config.macros.faqlist.bulletCollapse + " ";
}
}
function faqExpandAll(e)
{
for(t=0; t<this.parentNode.nextSibling.childNodes.length; t++)
{
if(this.parentNode.nextSibling.childNodes[t].className == "itemBody")
{
this.parentNode.nextSibling.childNodes[t].style.display = "inline";
this.parentNode.nextSibling.childNodes[t].previousSibling.childNodes[0].nodeValue = config.macros.faqlist.bulletExpand + " ";
}
}
// e.preventDefault();
}
function faqCollapseAll(e)
{
for(t=0; t<this.parentNode.nextSibling.childNodes.length; t++)
{
if(this.parentNode.nextSibling.childNodes[t].className == "itemBody")
{
this.parentNode.nextSibling.childNodes[t].style.display = "none";
this.parentNode.nextSibling.childNodes[t].previousSibling.childNodes[0].nodeValue = config.macros.faqlist.bulletCollapse + " ";
}
}
// e.preventDefault();
}
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturated_fat_and_cardiovascular_disease_controversy
[[UltraShape Power (Syneron Candela)|http://www.the-dermatologist.com/content/fda-clears-non-invasive-fat-destruction-device]]
!Some original sources
+++[Fats that heal, fats that kill]
http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=2l9OcyLYy8sC&lpg=PA62&dq=lecithin&pg=PA243#v=onepage&q=lecithin&f=true
----
<html><body>
<iframe frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="border:0px" src="http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=2l9OcyLYy8sC&lpg=PA62&dq=lecithin&pg=PA243&output=embed" width=500 height=500></iframe>
</body></html>
===
!What is fat?
!Good fats
[[Coconut]]
[[Fat fighters]]
!Lamb baked on figs and fennel
Serves 4
21 November 2004
4 baby or small fennel bulbs, sliced
6 figs, halved
2tbsp olive oil
Sea salt and cracked black pepper
¼ cup (2fl oz) white wine vinegar
2tbsp brown sugar
2 x 6-cutlet lamb racks, trimmed
Preheat the oven to 200C (390F). Line a baking tray with baking paper. Place the fennel and figs on the tray. Combine the oil, salt, pepper, vinegar and sugar, pour over the fennel and figs and bake for 10 minutes. Sprinkle the lamb with salt and pepper and add to the pan. Cook for a further 20 minutes or until the lamb is cooked to your liking. To serve, place the fennel mixture on serving plates, slice the lamb into cutlets, place on the fennel, then spoon over the pan juices.
A simple fig tart
Fruit, pastry and a bit of fruit jelly. What could be simpler? A little cream, served in a jug, would be in order here. Serve the tart warm, not cold. Serves 4-6.
a 400g block of puff pastry
8-10 figs, depending on their size
200g apple or redcurrant jelly
Set the oven at 220C/gas mark 8. Roll the pastry into a long thin rectangle, roughly 22 x 30cm. It should be really quite thin. Trim the edges neatly and lift it onto a non-stick baking sheet.
Cut each fig into 4 or 5 flat slices. Lay these over the pastry, each one slightly overlapping the next, leaving a small rim around the edge of the pastry.
Bake until the pastry is golden and risen (15-20 minutes). Melt the jelly in a small saucepan. Remove the tart from the oven, then spoon the jelly over. Return it to the oven for a few minutes, then remove and leave to cool a bit before serving. Eat warm.
Marsala figs with sable biscuits
This wonderful combination of flavours and textures makes a truly delightful light summer dessert.
serves 4
8 ripe figs, halved
good splash of Marsala
sprinkling of sugar
juice of lemon
juice of orange
for the sable biscuits:
75g shelled and skinned hazelnuts
575g plain flour
300g butter
225g icing sugar
a pinch of salt
1 vanilla pod, crushed using a mortar and pestle
3 eggs, lightly beaten
First, gently toss the fig halves in the other ingredients and leave to macerate for at least an hour, preferably overnight, turning them carefully from time to time.
To make the sable biscuits, preheat the oven to 140 C/275 F/gas mark 1 and line a baking tray with baking paper. Grind two-thirds of the nuts finely in a blender or food processor. Add the rest of the nuts with all the remaining ingredients except the eggs and blend until the mixture has the consistency of fine crumbs. Add the eggs and knead lightly to a loose paste. Leave to rest for 20 minutes (it will stiffen up in that time). Spoon the paste into rounds onto the prepared baking tray to make biscuits, spaced well apart to allow for spreading. Cook for 15-20 minutes, until the biscuits are lightly browned around the edges and coming away readily from the baking paper. Leave to cool, then carefully lift from the paper.
Serve two fig halves with each biscuit and drizzle with the Marsala syrup.
Cut each dried fig in half, spread on some honey and then top with a small piece of orange rind and a few slices of walnut, pistachio, or almond. Cover with the other fig half and bake in the oven for about 15 minutes at about 350 F. The combination of the figs, honey, nuts and orange rind will give your home a wonderful scent.
Almonds can be substituted for the walnuts, but I prefer black walnuts as they have a rich nutty flavor. I also like to add a little chopped chocolate to the filling which gives a sweetnes to the cookie. To complete the cookie, you can either use an egg wash before baking, with colored sprinkles, or simply dust with confectioner’s sugar before serving as is shown in the photo. These cookies keep well in an airtight tin for two to three weeks.
!!Dough:
2 ½ Cups All-purpose Flour
½ Cup Sugar
2 Teaspoons Baking Powder
½ Teaspoon Salt
6 Tablespoons Unsalted, Soft Butter (About ¾ Of A Stick)
2 Large Eggs
1 Teaspoon Vanilla Extract
!!Filling:
2 Cups Moist Dried Figs (Either Dark Or Light)
½ Cup Raisins
1 Cup Walnuts, Toasted And Chopped
½ Cup Dark Chocolate, Chopped
1/3 Cup Honey
1/3 Cup Orange Juice
1 Teaspoon Cinnamon
¼ Teaspoon Nutmeg
¼ Teaspoon Cloves
1 Teaspoon Orange Zest, Finely Chopped
!!To Complete:
*Confectioner’s Sugar
To prepare the dough, place the figs, raisins and chocolate in a food processor and pulse until finely chopped. Add the walnuts and pulse briefly again. Transfer to a bowl, and add the remaining filling ingredients. Stir well and set aside while you make the dough.
To make the dough, combine the flour, sugar, baking powder and salt in a large bowl. Cut the butter into the flour mixture until the mixture becomes pea sized pieces. Whisk together the eggs and vanilla, and mix this into the flour mixture. Knead very briefly to create a smooth dough, adding a little ice water if the dough is too dry to work. Bring the dough into a ball, wrap in plastic wrap, and refrigerate for 1 hour.
Preheat the oven to 350 degrees F. Butter two baking sheets, or cover with silicon sheets. Cut the dough into 6 equal sized pieces, and place one on a lightly floured surface. Roll this dough into a 9 X 5 inch rectangle. Trim the edges with a sharp knife, and spoon a strip of filling down the center about 1 inch in width. Lightly wet the edges of the dough with water, and then close, by folding one edge over the filling, and then the other, pressing the edges to seal. Roll the log over on the seam, and cut it into 3 pieces. With a sharp knife, make three slits into one side of each piece, about ¾ inches long. Curve the pieces to open the slits and reveal the filling, and place the cookies on a baking sheet about 1 inch apart. Continue using up the remaining dough in this manner. Bake for about 25 minutes, or until the cookies are lightly browned. Cool, and lightly dust with the icing sugar before serving. Store in airtight containers.
!Gingered Figs
Ingredients
20 dried figs
3 cups cold water
1 tbsp light molasses
2 tsp powdered ginger
½ cup sugar
Instructions
Place figs and water in saucepan. Bring to hard boil, then lower heat and simmer. Cover figs and cook for 20 minutes. Add molasses, ginger and sugar. Stir gently in order to avoid breaking figs. Simmer for 15 minutes more or until figs are plumped and tender. Wonderful with ham, pork, chicken, steak or roast beef.
Makes 5 to 6 servings
http://www.the-mausoleum-club.org.uk/xmb/index.php
http://thedvdforums.com/forums/index.php
!Job Search
+++^[Metasearch sites]
http://www.jobisjob.co.uk
http://jobs.trovit.co.uk
http://www.indeed.co.uk
http://www.simplyhired.co.uk
===
+++^[Job sites]
http://www.people4business.com/opportunities.htm
http://www.cwjobs.co.uk/
http://jobs.guardian.co.uk/
http://jobs.guardian.co.uk/webfeeds/
https://jobs.bbc.co.uk/fe/tpl_bbc01.asp?newms=se
http://www.jobs.nhs.uk/
!North East
http://www.jobsnortheast.co.uk/
!Freelance
http://www.freelancers.net/
http://www.joomlancers.com/index.php
===
+++^[Local Authorities]
http://jobs.leeds.gov.uk/Jobs.aspx
===
+++[Language jobs]
http://www.lrsuk.com/index.php
----
<<rssReader asHtml http://www.proz.com/rss.php?id=769171&auth=4cdb18fba094e4ab64e070e53f102281&channel=jobs>>
<<rssReader asHtml http://www.toplanguagejobs.com/jobfeed_lan_12.xml>>
===
+++[Creative jobs]
http://www.majorplayers.co.uk
http://jobs.nma.co.uk
===
+++[Web and Media]
http://econsultancy.com/jobs
http://jobs.chinwag.com/#browse
===
+++[Education]
http://www.tes.co.uk/home.aspx
===
----
+++[Newcastle jobs]
http://www.jobstoday.co.uk/local-jobs/newcastle
http://www.kings-tynemouth.org.uk/vacancies.asp
http://www.thesagegateshead.org/about/careers_vacancies.aspx
http://www.st-wilfrids.org
http://www.altituderecruitment.co.uk/
http://www.ncl-coll.ac.uk/about-us/job-vacancies.aspx
(Hourly Paid - ESOL Lecturing Opportunities)
===
!Jobs Newsfeeds
+++[Guardian Media]
<<rssReader asHtml http://jobs.guardian.co.uk/searchjobsrss?industry=235>>
===
+++[PFJ]
<<rssReader asHtml http://www.pfj.co.uk/rss.asp/SectorID/7>>
===
----
----
[[Interviews]]
http://www.journalism.co.uk
Chongqing or Chengdu or Nanchong or Guang'an
http://www.teachcn.com
http://www.abroadchina.org/
http://www.jobsinchina.com/
http://www.cathayteacher.com/
http://www.chinajob.com/
http://www.foreignhr.com
http://www.expatsinchina.com/index.php/expat-jobs.html
http://www.china-teachers.com/
http://www.teachcn.com/
!Chilli and tomato fish
Serves 4
21 November 2004
1tbsp olive oil
1 onion, sliced
1/4tsp chilli flakes
4 x 180g (6oz) firm white fish fillets
Sea salt and cracked black pepper
3 ripe tomatoes, cut into thin wedges
2tsp grated lemon rind
2tbsp chopped flat-leaf parsley
Heat a frying pan over medium-high heat. Add the oil, onion and chilli and cook for 3 minutes. Sprinkle the fish with salt and pepper and add to the pan. Cook for 4-5 minutes each side or until just cooked through. Set aside and keep warm. Increase the heat to high, add the tomatoes and lemon rind to pan and cook for 3 minutes or until just soft. Stir through the parsley. Place the fish on serving plates and top with the tomato sauce.
Roast halibut with capers, lemon and parsley
Given a spanking fresh piece of white fish, I sometimes do nothing more to it than rub it with salt and roast it in a very hot oven, its only gilding the juice from a fat Sicilian lemon and a modest pile of lightly steamed spinach. Last time, I got the parsley out too, and a few delectably piquant little capers. This to me is a feast of the first order. You can keep your fancy French sauces.
serves 2
halibut steaks - 2 x 225g
olive oil
salted capers - 2 tbsp
flat-leaf parsley - the leaves from a small bunch
juice of a large lemon
to serve: steamed spinach, lemon halves
Set the oven at 230 c/gas 8. Warm 2 tablespoons of olive oil in a flame-proof baking dish over a moderate flame. Rub the fish generously with salt and pepper and brown lightly on one side in the hot oil. A minute should suffice. Put the fish into the hot oven and bake for 7-8 minutes until opaque and the flesh parts easily from the bone.
Chop the parsley and rinse the capers. Lift out the fish onto warm plates and place the baking dish over a moderate flame. Scatter in the capers and parsley, squeeze in the lemon juice and grind in a little salt and pepper. Drizzle in a little extra virgin olive oil and bring very briefly to a fierce bubble. Tip the lot over the fish and serve.
[[Keep Fit]]
https://academic.oup.com/biomedgerontology
!Theory
For the last decade, the science of aging has increasingly focused on sirtuins, a group of genes that are believed to protect many organisms, including mammals, against diseases of aging. Mounting evidence has demonstrated that resveratrol, a compound found in the skin of grapes as well as in peanuts and berries, increases the activity of a specific sirtuin, SIRT1, that protects the body from diseases by revving up the mitochondria, a kind of cellular battery that slowly runs down as we age. By recharging the batteries, SIRT1 can have profound effects on health.
https://bjsm.bmj.com/
!Exercise
[[How to work out at home (without equipment)|http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/get-inspired/32416767]]
https://hms.harvard.edu/news/new-study-validates-longevity-pathway-3-7-13
http://blog.mapmyrun.com/simpler-guide-interval-training-cyclists/
[[TRX suspension band]]
!Diet
scientists identified a molecule that, all by itself, managed to re-establish the cell's ability to recycle the components of the defective mitochondria: ''urolithin A''. "It's the only known molecule that can relaunch the mitochondrial clean-up process.
!!Pre-exercise
Omega 3s
Cherry juice to mop up free radicals
[[Rhodiola]] an adaptogen - 2 400mg 2 weeks on and off
[[L-Glutamine]]
!!Post exercise
[[Whey protein]] - max 25g at once for most people
[[Coconut]] water or electrolyte depending on type of exercise
[[L-Carnitine]] - prevents soreness
!!Anti-ageing enzyme
The target enzyme, SIRT1, is switched on naturally by calorie restriction and exercise, but it can also be enhanced through activators. The most common naturally-occurring activator is resveratrol, which is found in small quantities in red wine
Prolonged fasting also led to a drop in IGF-1, a growth factor hormone linked to aging, cancer and tumor progression.
!Antioxidants
''Vitamin A'' – To help minimize the lipid peroxidation of cell membranes
''Alpha tocopherol'' (the active form of Vitamin E) – To inhibit enzymes which promote the breakdown of collagen and to protect cell membranes from oxidation
''Vitamin C'' (essential for collagen production) – To quench free oxygen radicals produced by ultraviolet radiation and to assist Vitamin E in protecting cell membranes
''Co-enzyme Q-10'' (a component of all cell membranes) – To help regenerate other antioxidants present in cells
''Green tea'' (contain antioxidant polyphenolos) – To protect against redness and swelling induced by UV radiation
''Grape seed extract'' – a strong antioxidant in combination with other antioxidants from free radical damage during cellular respiration
''Resveratrol and Polydatin'' (found in highest concentrations in grape skins) – To help inhibit lipid peroxidation similarly to Vitamins C and E
''Idebonone'' – The key ingredient in Allergan’s newest product, Provage - Helps repair skin damage and promote healthy skin growth
''Algae'' – To close up capillaries (a treatment for rosacea), lighten pigmentation, stimulate collagen
''Spin Traps'' – Know as the ‘intelligent antioxidant’. Spin traps do not destroy free radicals, but sense when molecules are off track, trap and detoxify them. As a result, they turn free radicals into useful oxygen to be used for tissue respiration
!Key supplement combinations
*ALA and Inositol
Reduces tryglycerides
Increases HDL
Corrects insulin
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23981814
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3765513/
----
http://www.diydoctor.org.uk/projects/fixingtomasonry.htm
http://www.lets-do-diy.com/Projects-and-advice/Concrete-work/Mixing-concrete-and-mortar.aspx
*Spit Tapcon Countersunk Concrete Screws
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=djotP-sR4mU
Cuts thread into concrete, brick and hollow block. Removable, adjustable and reusable. No need for plugs or pre-marking. Reversed hi-lo thread and blue climaseal finish. Use close to edges and approved for pre-cast hollow pot beams.
Use 4mm pilot for 5.3mm screws and 5mm drill for 6.4mm screws.
----
https://www.askthebuilder.com/long-lasting-concrete-repair/
http://www.flashcardexchange.com/
http://www.quizlet.com
http://www.moneysavingexpert.com/travel/beat-budget-airline-charges
http://www.whichbudget.com/
----
+++^[Airlines]
http://www.germanwings.com
http://wizzair.com
http://www.klm.com/travel/ca_en/index.htm
http://www.jet2.com - Cork and Murcia
http://www.easyjet.com/
https://www.ryanair.com/cy/en/ - To Milan, Oslo and Dublin
http://www3.flybe.com/ is now Ryanair
http://www.enjoyrome.com/index.html
http://www.travel-library.com/b&b/europe/italy/rome/
http://www.bmibaby.com/bmibaby/html/en/splash.htm
http://www.britishairways.com/travel/home/public/en_gb
===
+++^[Airports]
http://www.newcastleairport.com
http://www.stanstedairport.com/
https://www.rometoolkit.com/airport/ciampino_airport_bus.htm
===
+++[Budget Flight checkers]
http://www.flightcentre.co.uk/
http://flightchecker.moneysavingexpert.com
http://www.skyscanner.net
http://www.kayak.co.uk
http://www.sidestep.com
===
+++[Far East]
http://www.travelbagonline.co.uk
http://www.freedomasia.co.uk/
http://www.flightsandfly.co.uk/
===
!Travel to and from an airport
*Stansted to London
**National Express return fare: £17.50 normal journey (1 1/2 hours) £26 Express
*Stansted to Cambridge
**National Express return fare: £13.50 (50 minutes)or Train £14.80 (30 minutes but 20min walk to Centre)
*Reading to Heathrow
**National Express return fare: £23 normal journey
!Misleading Plane fares
This is how the price stacks up for a so-called low fare for a return flight from Newcastle to Pisa.
!!Newcastle - Pisa
Base Fare £26.99
Taxes and Charges £26.00
Bags £15.99
Online Check-in £5.00
Total: '' £73.98 ''
!!Pisa - Newcastle
Base Fare €14.99
Taxes and Charges €31.00
Bags €20.00
Online Check-in €7.00
Total: ''€72.99'' + a booking fee which they don't tell you until you have filled in all your details
----
This song about "cheap flights" says it all:
<html><body>
<object style="height: 390px; width: 640px"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/HPyl2tOaKxM?version=3"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/HPyl2tOaKxM?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowfullscreen="true" allowScriptAccess="always" width="640" height="390"></object>
</body></html>
//~~(Part of the [[ForEachTiddlerPlugin]])~~//
Create customizable lists, tables etc. for your selections of tiddlers. Specify the tiddlers to include and their order through a powerful language.
''Syntax:''
|>|{{{<<}}}''forEachTiddler'' [''in'' //tiddlyWikiPath//] [''where'' //whereCondition//] [''sortBy'' //sortExpression// [''ascending'' //or// ''descending'']] [''script'' //scriptText//] [//action// [//actionParameters//]]{{{>>}}}|
|//tiddlyWikiPath//|The filepath to the TiddlyWiki the macro should work on. When missing the current TiddlyWiki is used.|
|//whereCondition//|(quoted) JavaScript boolean expression. May refer to the build-in variables {{{tiddler}}} and {{{context}}}.|
|//sortExpression//|(quoted) JavaScript expression returning "comparable" objects (using '{{{<}}}','{{{>}}}','{{{==}}}'. May refer to the build-in variables {{{tiddler}}} and {{{context}}}.|
|//scriptText//|(quoted) JavaScript text. Typically defines JavaScript functions that are called by the various JavaScript expressions (whereClause, sortClause, action arguments,...)|
|//action//|The action that should be performed on every selected tiddler, in the given order. By default the actions [[addToList|AddToListAction]] and [[write|WriteAction]] are supported. When no action is specified [[addToList|AddToListAction]] is used.|
|//actionParameters//|(action specific) parameters the action may refer while processing the tiddlers (see action descriptions for details). <<tiddler [[JavaScript in actionParameters]]>>|
|>|~~Syntax formatting: Keywords in ''bold'', optional parts in [...]. 'or' means that exactly one of the two alternatives must exist.~~|
''Using JavaScript''
To give you a lot of flexibility the [[ForEachTiddlerMacro]] uses JavaScript in its arguments. Even if you are not that familiar with JavaScript you may find forEachTiddler useful. Just have a look at the various ready-to-use [[ForEachTiddlerExamples]] and adapt them to your needs.
''The Elements of the Macro''
The arguments of the ForEachTiddlerMacro consist of multiple parts, each of them being optional.
<<slider chkFETInClause [[inClause]] "inClause" "inClause">>
<<slider chkFETWhereClause [[whereClause]] "whereClause" "whereClause">>
<<slider chkFETSortClause [[sortClause]] "sortClause" "sortClause">>
<<slider chkFETScriptClause [[scriptClause]] "scriptClause" "scriptClause">>
<<slider chkFETActions [[Action Specification]] "Action Specification" "Action Specification">>
''Using Macros and ">" inside the forEachTiddler Macro''
You may use other macro calls into the expression, especially in the actionParameters. To avoid that the {{{>>}}} of such a macro call is misinterpreted as the end of the {{{<<forEachTiddler...>>}}} macro you must escape the {{{>>}}} of the inner macro with {{{$))}}} E.g. if you want to use {{{<<tiddler ...>>}}} inside the {{{forEachTiddler}}} macro you have to write {{{<<tiddler ...$))}}}.
In addition it is necessary to escape single {{{>}}} with the text {{{$)}}}.
See also [[ForEachTiddlerExamples]].
/***
|''Name:''|ForEachTiddlerPlugin|
|''Version:''|1.0.8 (2007-04-12)|
|''Source:''|http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/#ForEachTiddlerPlugin|
|''Author:''|UdoBorkowski (ub [at] abego-software [dot] de)|
|''Licence:''|[[BSD open source license (abego Software)|http://www.abego-software.de/legal/apl-v10.html]]|
|''Copyright:''|© 2005-2007 [[abego Software|http://www.abego-software.de]]|
|''TiddlyWiki:''|1.2.38+, 2.0|
|''Browser:''|Firefox 1.0.4+; Firefox 1.5; InternetExplorer 6.0|
!Description
Create customizable lists, tables etc. for your selections of tiddlers. Specify the tiddlers to include and their order through a powerful language.
''Syntax:''
|>|{{{<<}}}''forEachTiddler'' [''in'' //tiddlyWikiPath//] [''where'' //whereCondition//] [''sortBy'' //sortExpression// [''ascending'' //or// ''descending'']] [''script'' //scriptText//] [//action// [//actionParameters//]]{{{>>}}}|
|//tiddlyWikiPath//|The filepath to the TiddlyWiki the macro should work on. When missing the current TiddlyWiki is used.|
|//whereCondition//|(quoted) JavaScript boolean expression. May refer to the build-in variables {{{tiddler}}} and {{{context}}}.|
|//sortExpression//|(quoted) JavaScript expression returning "comparable" objects (using '{{{<}}}','{{{>}}}','{{{==}}}'. May refer to the build-in variables {{{tiddler}}} and {{{context}}}.|
|//scriptText//|(quoted) JavaScript text. Typically defines JavaScript functions that are called by the various JavaScript expressions (whereClause, sortClause, action arguments,...)|
|//action//|The action that should be performed on every selected tiddler, in the given order. By default the actions [[addToList|AddToListAction]] and [[write|WriteAction]] are supported. When no action is specified [[addToList|AddToListAction]] is used.|
|//actionParameters//|(action specific) parameters the action may refer while processing the tiddlers (see action descriptions for details). <<tiddler [[JavaScript in actionParameters]]>>|
|>|~~Syntax formatting: Keywords in ''bold'', optional parts in [...]. 'or' means that exactly one of the two alternatives must exist.~~|
See details see [[ForEachTiddlerMacro]] and [[ForEachTiddlerExamples]].
!Revision history
* v1.0.8 (2007-04-12)
** Adapted to latest TiddlyWiki 2.2 Beta importTiddlyWiki API (introduced with changeset 2004). TiddlyWiki 2.2 Beta builds prior to changeset 2004 are no longer supported (but TiddlyWiki 2.1 and earlier, of cause)
* v1.0.7 (2007-03-28)
** Also support "pre" formatted TiddlyWikis (introduced with TW 2.2) (when using "in" clause to work on external tiddlers)
* v1.0.6 (2006-09-16)
** Context provides "viewerTiddler", i.e. the tiddler used to view the macro. Most times this is equal to the "inTiddler", but when using the "tiddler" macro both may be different.
** Support "begin", "end" and "none" expressions in "write" action
* v1.0.5 (2006-02-05)
** Pass tiddler containing the macro with wikify, context object also holds reference to tiddler containing the macro ("inTiddler"). Thanks to SimonBaird.
** Support Firefox 1.5.0.1
** Internal
*** Make "JSLint" conform
*** "Only install once"
* v1.0.4 (2006-01-06)
** Support TiddlyWiki 2.0
* v1.0.3 (2005-12-22)
** Features:
*** Write output to a file supports multi-byte environments (Thanks to Bram Chen)
*** Provide API to access the forEachTiddler functionality directly through JavaScript (see getTiddlers and performMacro)
** Enhancements:
*** Improved error messages on InternetExplorer.
* v1.0.2 (2005-12-10)
** Features:
*** context object also holds reference to store (TiddlyWiki)
** Fixed Bugs:
*** ForEachTiddler 1.0.1 has broken support on win32 Opera 8.51 (Thanks to BrunoSabin for reporting)
* v1.0.1 (2005-12-08)
** Features:
*** Access tiddlers stored in separated TiddlyWikis through the "in" option. I.e. you are no longer limited to only work on the "current TiddlyWiki".
*** Write output to an external file using the "toFile" option of the "write" action. With this option you may write your customized tiddler exports.
*** Use the "script" section to define "helper" JavaScript functions etc. to be used in the various JavaScript expressions (whereClause, sortClause, action arguments,...).
*** Access and store context information for the current forEachTiddler invocation (through the build-in "context" object) .
*** Improved script evaluation (for where/sort clause and write scripts).
* v1.0.0 (2005-11-20)
** initial version
!Code
***/
//{{{
//============================================================================
//============================================================================
// ForEachTiddlerPlugin
//============================================================================
//============================================================================
// Only install once
if (!version.extensions.ForEachTiddlerPlugin) {
if (!window.abego) window.abego = {};
version.extensions.ForEachTiddlerPlugin = {
major: 1, minor: 0, revision: 8,
date: new Date(2007,3,12),
source: "http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/#ForEachTiddlerPlugin",
licence: "[[BSD open source license (abego Software)|http://www.abego-software.de/legal/apl-v10.html]]",
copyright: "Copyright (c) abego Software GmbH, 2005-2007 (www.abego-software.de)"
};
// For backward compatibility with TW 1.2.x
//
if (!TiddlyWiki.prototype.forEachTiddler) {
TiddlyWiki.prototype.forEachTiddler = function(callback) {
for(var t in this.tiddlers) {
callback.call(this,t,this.tiddlers[t]);
}
};
}
//============================================================================
// forEachTiddler Macro
//============================================================================
version.extensions.forEachTiddler = {
major: 1, minor: 0, revision: 8, date: new Date(2007,3,12), provider: "http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de"};
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Configurations and constants
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
config.macros.forEachTiddler = {
// Standard Properties
label: "forEachTiddler",
prompt: "Perform actions on a (sorted) selection of tiddlers",
// actions
actions: {
addToList: {},
write: {}
}
};
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// The forEachTiddler Macro Handler
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
config.macros.forEachTiddler.getContainingTiddler = function(e) {
while(e && !hasClass(e,"tiddler"))
e = e.parentNode;
var title = e ? e.getAttribute("tiddler") : null;
return title ? store.getTiddler(title) : null;
};
config.macros.forEachTiddler.handler = function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
// config.macros.forEachTiddler.traceMacroCall(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler);
if (!tiddler) tiddler = config.macros.forEachTiddler.getContainingTiddler(place);
// --- Parsing ------------------------------------------
var i = 0; // index running over the params
// Parse the "in" clause
var tiddlyWikiPath = undefined;
if ((i < params.length) && params[i] == "in") {
i++;
if (i >= params.length) {
this.handleError(place, "TiddlyWiki path expected behind 'in'.");
return;
}
tiddlyWikiPath = this.paramEncode((i < params.length) ? params[i] : "");
i++;
}
// Parse the where clause
var whereClause ="true";
if ((i < params.length) && params[i] == "where") {
i++;
whereClause = this.paramEncode((i < params.length) ? params[i] : "");
i++;
}
// Parse the sort stuff
var sortClause = null;
var sortAscending = true;
if ((i < params.length) && params[i] == "sortBy") {
i++;
if (i >= params.length) {
this.handleError(place, "sortClause missing behind 'sortBy'.");
return;
}
sortClause = this.paramEncode(params[i]);
i++;
if ((i < params.length) && (params[i] == "ascending" || params[i] == "descending")) {
sortAscending = params[i] == "ascending";
i++;
}
}
// Parse the script
var scriptText = null;
if ((i < params.length) && params[i] == "script") {
i++;
scriptText = this.paramEncode((i < params.length) ? params[i] : "");
i++;
}
// Parse the action.
// When we are already at the end use the default action
var actionName = "addToList";
if (i < params.length) {
if (!config.macros.forEachTiddler.actions[params[i]]) {
this.handleError(place, "Unknown action '"+params[i]+"'.");
return;
} else {
actionName = params[i];
i++;
}
}
// Get the action parameter
// (the parsing is done inside the individual action implementation.)
var actionParameter = params.slice(i);
// --- Processing ------------------------------------------
try {
this.performMacro({
place: place,
inTiddler: tiddler,
whereClause: whereClause,
sortClause: sortClause,
sortAscending: sortAscending,
actionName: actionName,
actionParameter: actionParameter,
scriptText: scriptText,
tiddlyWikiPath: tiddlyWikiPath});
} catch (e) {
this.handleError(place, e);
}
};
// Returns an object with properties "tiddlers" and "context".
// tiddlers holds the (sorted) tiddlers selected by the parameter,
// context the context of the execution of the macro.
//
// The action is not yet performed.
//
// @parameter see performMacro
//
config.macros.forEachTiddler.getTiddlersAndContext = function(parameter) {
var context = config.macros.forEachTiddler.createContext(parameter.place, parameter.whereClause, parameter.sortClause, parameter.sortAscending, parameter.actionName, parameter.actionParameter, parameter.scriptText, parameter.tiddlyWikiPath, parameter.inTiddler);
var tiddlyWiki = parameter.tiddlyWikiPath ? this.loadTiddlyWiki(parameter.tiddlyWikiPath) : store;
context["tiddlyWiki"] = tiddlyWiki;
// Get the tiddlers, as defined by the whereClause
var tiddlers = this.findTiddlers(parameter.whereClause, context, tiddlyWiki);
context["tiddlers"] = tiddlers;
// Sort the tiddlers, when sorting is required.
if (parameter.sortClause) {
this.sortTiddlers(tiddlers, parameter.sortClause, parameter.sortAscending, context);
}
return {tiddlers: tiddlers, context: context};
};
// Returns the (sorted) tiddlers selected by the parameter.
//
// The action is not yet performed.
//
// @parameter see performMacro
//
config.macros.forEachTiddler.getTiddlers = function(parameter) {
return this.getTiddlersAndContext(parameter).tiddlers;
};
// Performs the macros with the given parameter.
//
// @param parameter holds the parameter of the macro as separate properties.
// The following properties are supported:
//
// place
// whereClause
// sortClause
// sortAscending
// actionName
// actionParameter
// scriptText
// tiddlyWikiPath
//
// All properties are optional.
// For most actions the place property must be defined.
//
config.macros.forEachTiddler.performMacro = function(parameter) {
var tiddlersAndContext = this.getTiddlersAndContext(parameter);
// Perform the action
var actionName = parameter.actionName ? parameter.actionName : "addToList";
var action = config.macros.forEachTiddler.actions[actionName];
if (!action) {
this.handleError(parameter.place, "Unknown action '"+actionName+"'.");
return;
}
var actionHandler = action.handler;
actionHandler(parameter.place, tiddlersAndContext.tiddlers, parameter.actionParameter, tiddlersAndContext.context);
};
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// The actions
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Internal.
//
// --- The addToList Action -----------------------------------------------
//
config.macros.forEachTiddler.actions.addToList.handler = function(place, tiddlers, parameter, context) {
// Parse the parameter
var p = 0;
// Check for extra parameters
if (parameter.length > p) {
config.macros.forEachTiddler.createExtraParameterErrorElement(place, "addToList", parameter, p);
return;
}
// Perform the action.
var list = document.createElement("ul");
place.appendChild(list);
for (var i = 0; i < tiddlers.length; i++) {
var tiddler = tiddlers[i];
var listItem = document.createElement("li");
list.appendChild(listItem);
createTiddlyLink(listItem, tiddler.title, true);
}
};
abego.parseNamedParameter = function(name, parameter, i) {
var beginExpression = null;
if ((i < parameter.length) && parameter[i] == name) {
i++;
if (i >= parameter.length) {
throw "Missing text behind '%0'".format([name]);
}
return config.macros.forEachTiddler.paramEncode(parameter[i]);
}
return null;
}
// Internal.
//
// --- The write Action ---------------------------------------------------
//
config.macros.forEachTiddler.actions.write.handler = function(place, tiddlers, parameter, context) {
// Parse the parameter
var p = 0;
if (p >= parameter.length) {
this.handleError(place, "Missing expression behind 'write'.");
return;
}
var textExpression = config.macros.forEachTiddler.paramEncode(parameter[p]);
p++;
// Parse the "begin" option
var beginExpression = abego.parseNamedParameter("begin", parameter, p);
if (beginExpression !== null)
p += 2;
var endExpression = abego.parseNamedParameter("end", parameter, p);
if (endExpression !== null)
p += 2;
var noneExpression = abego.parseNamedParameter("none", parameter, p);
if (noneExpression !== null)
p += 2;
// Parse the "toFile" option
var filename = null;
var lineSeparator = undefined;
if ((p < parameter.length) && parameter[p] == "toFile") {
p++;
if (p >= parameter.length) {
this.handleError(place, "Filename expected behind 'toFile' of 'write' action.");
return;
}
filename = config.macros.forEachTiddler.getLocalPath(config.macros.forEachTiddler.paramEncode(parameter[p]));
p++;
if ((p < parameter.length) && parameter[p] == "withLineSeparator") {
p++;
if (p >= parameter.length) {
this.handleError(place, "Line separator text expected behind 'withLineSeparator' of 'write' action.");
return;
}
lineSeparator = config.macros.forEachTiddler.paramEncode(parameter[p]);
p++;
}
}
// Check for extra parameters
if (parameter.length > p) {
config.macros.forEachTiddler.createExtraParameterErrorElement(place, "write", parameter, p);
return;
}
// Perform the action.
var func = config.macros.forEachTiddler.getEvalTiddlerFunction(textExpression, context);
var count = tiddlers.length;
var text = "";
if (count > 0 && beginExpression)
text += config.macros.forEachTiddler.getEvalTiddlerFunction(beginExpression, context)(undefined, context, count, undefined);
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++) {
var tiddler = tiddlers[i];
text += func(tiddler, context, count, i);
}
if (count > 0 && endExpression)
text += config.macros.forEachTiddler.getEvalTiddlerFunction(endExpression, context)(undefined, context, count, undefined);
if (count == 0 && noneExpression)
text += config.macros.forEachTiddler.getEvalTiddlerFunction(noneExpression, context)(undefined, context, count, undefined);
if (filename) {
if (lineSeparator !== undefined) {
lineSeparator = lineSeparator.replace(/\\n/mg, "\n").replace(/\\r/mg, "\r");
text = text.replace(/\n/mg,lineSeparator);
}
saveFile(filename, convertUnicodeToUTF8(text));
} else {
var wrapper = createTiddlyElement(place, "span");
wikify(text, wrapper, null/* highlightRegExp */, context.inTiddler);
}
};
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Helpers
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Internal.
//
config.macros.forEachTiddler.createContext = function(placeParam, whereClauseParam, sortClauseParam, sortAscendingParam, actionNameParam, actionParameterParam, scriptText, tiddlyWikiPathParam, inTiddlerParam) {
return {
place : placeParam,
whereClause : whereClauseParam,
sortClause : sortClauseParam,
sortAscending : sortAscendingParam,
script : scriptText,
actionName : actionNameParam,
actionParameter : actionParameterParam,
tiddlyWikiPath : tiddlyWikiPathParam,
inTiddler : inTiddlerParam, // the tiddler containing the <<forEachTiddler ...>> macro call.
viewerTiddler : config.macros.forEachTiddler.getContainingTiddler(placeParam) // the tiddler showing the forEachTiddler result
};
};
// Internal.
//
// Returns a TiddlyWiki with the tiddlers loaded from the TiddlyWiki of
// the given path.
//
config.macros.forEachTiddler.loadTiddlyWiki = function(path, idPrefix) {
if (!idPrefix) {
idPrefix = "store";
}
var lenPrefix = idPrefix.length;
// Read the content of the given file
var content = loadFile(this.getLocalPath(path));
if(content === null) {
throw "TiddlyWiki '"+path+"' not found.";
}
var tiddlyWiki = new TiddlyWiki();
// Starting with TW 2.2 there is a helper function to import the tiddlers
if (tiddlyWiki.importTiddlyWiki) {
if (!tiddlyWiki.importTiddlyWiki(content))
throw "File '"+path+"' is not a TiddlyWiki.";
tiddlyWiki.dirty = false;
return tiddlyWiki;
}
// The legacy code, for TW < 2.2
// Locate the storeArea div's
var posOpeningDiv = content.indexOf(startSaveArea);
var posClosingDiv = content.lastIndexOf(endSaveArea);
if((posOpeningDiv == -1) || (posClosingDiv == -1)) {
throw "File '"+path+"' is not a TiddlyWiki.";
}
var storageText = content.substr(posOpeningDiv + startSaveArea.length, posClosingDiv);
// Create a "div" element that contains the storage text
var myStorageDiv = document.createElement("div");
myStorageDiv.innerHTML = storageText;
myStorageDiv.normalize();
// Create all tiddlers in a new TiddlyWiki
// (following code is modified copy of TiddlyWiki.prototype.loadFromDiv)
var store = myStorageDiv.childNodes;
for(var t = 0; t < store.length; t++) {
var e = store[t];
var title = null;
if(e.getAttribute)
title = e.getAttribute("tiddler");
if(!title && e.id && e.id.substr(0,lenPrefix) == idPrefix)
title = e.id.substr(lenPrefix);
if(title && title !== "") {
var tiddler = tiddlyWiki.createTiddler(title);
tiddler.loadFromDiv(e,title);
}
}
tiddlyWiki.dirty = false;
return tiddlyWiki;
};
// Internal.
//
// Returns a function that has a function body returning the given javaScriptExpression.
// The function has the parameters:
//
// (tiddler, context, count, index)
//
config.macros.forEachTiddler.getEvalTiddlerFunction = function (javaScriptExpression, context) {
var script = context["script"];
var functionText = "var theFunction = function(tiddler, context, count, index) { return "+javaScriptExpression+"}";
var fullText = (script ? script+";" : "")+functionText+";theFunction;";
return eval(fullText);
};
// Internal.
//
config.macros.forEachTiddler.findTiddlers = function(whereClause, context, tiddlyWiki) {
var result = [];
var func = config.macros.forEachTiddler.getEvalTiddlerFunction(whereClause, context);
tiddlyWiki.forEachTiddler(function(title,tiddler) {
if (func(tiddler, context, undefined, undefined)) {
result.push(tiddler);
}
});
return result;
};
// Internal.
//
config.macros.forEachTiddler.createExtraParameterErrorElement = function(place, actionName, parameter, firstUnusedIndex) {
var message = "Extra parameter behind '"+actionName+"':";
for (var i = firstUnusedIndex; i < parameter.length; i++) {
message += " "+parameter[i];
}
this.handleError(place, message);
};
// Internal.
//
config.macros.forEachTiddler.sortAscending = function(tiddlerA, tiddlerB) {
var result =
(tiddlerA.forEachTiddlerSortValue == tiddlerB.forEachTiddlerSortValue)
? 0
: (tiddlerA.forEachTiddlerSortValue < tiddlerB.forEachTiddlerSortValue)
? -1
: +1;
return result;
};
// Internal.
//
config.macros.forEachTiddler.sortDescending = function(tiddlerA, tiddlerB) {
var result =
(tiddlerA.forEachTiddlerSortValue == tiddlerB.forEachTiddlerSortValue)
? 0
: (tiddlerA.forEachTiddlerSortValue < tiddlerB.forEachTiddlerSortValue)
? +1
: -1;
return result;
};
// Internal.
//
config.macros.forEachTiddler.sortTiddlers = function(tiddlers, sortClause, ascending, context) {
// To avoid evaluating the sortClause whenever two items are compared
// we pre-calculate the sortValue for every item in the array and store it in a
// temporary property ("forEachTiddlerSortValue") of the tiddlers.
var func = config.macros.forEachTiddler.getEvalTiddlerFunction(sortClause, context);
var count = tiddlers.length;
var i;
for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
var tiddler = tiddlers[i];
tiddler.forEachTiddlerSortValue = func(tiddler,context, undefined, undefined);
}
// Do the sorting
tiddlers.sort(ascending ? this.sortAscending : this.sortDescending);
// Delete the temporary property that holds the sortValue.
for (i = 0; i < tiddlers.length; i++) {
delete tiddlers[i].forEachTiddlerSortValue;
}
};
// Internal.
//
config.macros.forEachTiddler.trace = function(message) {
displayMessage(message);
};
// Internal.
//
config.macros.forEachTiddler.traceMacroCall = function(place,macroName,params) {
var message ="<<"+macroName;
for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
message += " "+params[i];
}
message += ">>";
displayMessage(message);
};
// Internal.
//
// Creates an element that holds an error message
//
config.macros.forEachTiddler.createErrorElement = function(place, exception) {
var message = (exception.description) ? exception.description : exception.toString();
return createTiddlyElement(place,"span",null,"forEachTiddlerError","<<forEachTiddler ...>>: "+message);
};
// Internal.
//
// @param place [may be null]
//
config.macros.forEachTiddler.handleError = function(place, exception) {
if (place) {
this.createErrorElement(place, exception);
} else {
throw exception;
}
};
// Internal.
//
// Encodes the given string.
//
// Replaces
// "$))" to ">>"
// "$)" to ">"
//
config.macros.forEachTiddler.paramEncode = function(s) {
var reGTGT = new RegExp("\\$\\)\\)","mg");
var reGT = new RegExp("\\$\\)","mg");
return s.replace(reGTGT, ">>").replace(reGT, ">");
};
// Internal.
//
// Returns the given original path (that is a file path, starting with "file:")
// as a path to a local file, in the systems native file format.
//
// Location information in the originalPath (i.e. the "#" and stuff following)
// is stripped.
//
config.macros.forEachTiddler.getLocalPath = function(originalPath) {
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/***
!Licence and Copyright
Copyright (c) abego Software ~GmbH, 2005 ([[www.abego-software.de|http://www.abego-software.de]])
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are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
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list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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[[National Leasehold Campaign]]
----
+++[Information, help and FAQs]
http://www.lease-advice.org/publications/documents/document.asp?item=15
http://hoa.org.uk/advice/guides-for-homeowners/i-am-managing-2/step-by-step-guide-to-extending-your-lease/
http://www.ageuk.org.uk/search1/?keyword=Freehold&nation=ageuk_en-GB
http://england.shelter.org.uk/get_advice/advice_services_directory/?place=ne64sx
Shelter
1-2 Blackfriars Court
Dispensary Lane
Newcastle upon Tyne
NE1 4XB
Telephone
0344 515 1601
Citizens Advice
St Cuthberts Chambers
35 Nelson Street
Newcastle upon Tyne
NE1 5AN
Telephone
0344 245 1288
Newcastle Law Centre
3rd Floor, MEA House
Ellison Place
Newcastle upon Tyne
Telephone
0191 230 4777
===
----
!Information about Leasehold and the issues
[[Barcode article describing how to enfranchise|https://barcode1966.com/2017/04/02/the-leasehold-houses-scandal-and-what-you-can-do-about-it/?fbclid=IwAR0m37N88JGlNnKEI2TDBQohxHYWmlHFV7jgWYbd72DHLhWF_ouzJTbg-2k]]
!Gather facts
https://www.gov.uk/joint-property-ownership/check-your-ownership-details
!Formulas for calculating lease extension or freehold purchase
http://www.landlordzone.co.uk/forums/showthread.php?11080-Approx-valuation-model-for-lease-ext
[[Valuer information|https://www.rics.org/globalassets/rics-website/media/upholding-professional-standards/sector-standards/valuation/leasehold-reform-in-england-and-wales-3rd-edition-rics.pdf]] - has examples and flowcharts
Interesting case with comments on the vagueness and difficulty in defining Hope value etc - https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200809/ldjudgmt/jd081210/earl-1.htm
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/the-leasehold-reform-legislation/practice-guide-27-the-leasehold-reform-legislation
----
If your lease has less than 80 years left at the date you serve your claim, you may (unless your lease is one that falls under what is known as the "original" basis of valuation) also pay a "marriage value" which can considerably increase the price.
Any leasehold property, with an unexpired term of less than 80 years, can be subject to the rule of shared Marriage Value. This is where the Freeholder may claim 50% of the Marriage Value between the Leasehold and Freehold interests when a lease is extended or a Freehold is acquired they are combined under the Leasehold Enfranchisement legislation.
!Case studies
http://www.peterbarry.co.uk/blog/2011/oct/26/how-using-professional-can-save-you-money/
http://www.theguardian.com/money/2014/may/08/lease-on-house-soon-to-expire
!Legal
http://england.shelter.org.uk/get_advice/leaseholders_rights/leaseholder_tribunal
https://checklegalaid.service.gov.uk/scope/refer/housing
!Lawyers
http://www.mincoffs.co.uk/contact-us
http://www.qualitysolicitors.com/brennans/services/housing-and-property
https://www.hay-kilner.co.uk/services/leasehold-property/
http://www.wakefieldscbs.co.uk/residential-property/leasehold-enfranchisement/
http://www.fridaysmove.com/conveyancing-solicitors-newcastle-upon-tyne
!Forums
http://forums.moneysavingexpert.com/showthread.php?p=69936503#post69936503
----
[[Care costs]]
[[TV and Radio]]
[[Cinema and DVD]]
[[Music]]
[[Variety Acts]]
[[Benny Hill]]
[[Theatre]]
http://www.gagworks.com/
http://www.punch.co.uk/index.html
http://www.private-eye.co.uk/
<html><body>
<table border="0px" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="660">
<tr>
<td width="324" valign="top"><h2></h2>
<h1>Morning and evening</h1>
<p>Maids heard the goblins cry:<br />
“Come buy our orchard fruits, Come buy, come buy:<br />
Apples and quinces,<br />
Lemons and oranges,<br />
Plump unpecked cherries-<br />
Melons and raspberries,<br />
Bloom-down-cheeked peaches,<br />
Swart-headed mulberries,<br />
Wild free-born cranberries,<br />
Crab-apples, dewberries,<br />
Pine-apples, blackberries,<br />
Apricots, strawberries—<br />
All ripe together<br />
In summer weather—<br />
Morns that pass by,<br />
Fair eves that fly;<br />
Come buy, come buy;<br />
Our grapes fresh from the vine,<br />
Pomegranates full and fine,<br />
Dates and sharp bullaces,<br />
Rare pears and greengages,<br />
Damsons and bilberries,<br />
Taste them and try:<br />
Currants and gooseberries,<br />
Bright-fire-like barberries,<br />
Figs to fill your mouth,<br />
Citrons from the South,<br />
Sweet to tongue and sound to eye,<br />
Come buy, come buy.”</p>
<p>Evening by evening<br />
Among the brookside rushes,<br />
Laura bowed her head to hear,<br />
Lizzie veiled her blushes:<br />
Crouching close together<br />
In the cooling weather,<br />
With clasping arms and cautioning lips,<br />
With tingling cheeks and finger-tips.<br />
“Lie close,” Laura said,<br />
Pricking up her golden head:<br />
We must not look at goblin men, We must not buy their fruits:<br />
Who knows upon what soil they fed<br />
Their hungry thirsty roots?”<br />
“Come buy,” call the goblins<br />
Hobbling down the glen.<br />
“O! cried Lizzie, Laura, Laura,<br />
You should not peep at goblin men.”<br />
Lizzie covered up her eyes<br />
Covered close lest they should look;<br />
Laura reared her glossy head,<br />
And whispered like the restless brook:<br />
“Look, Lizzie, look, Lizzie,<br />
Down the glen tramp little men.<br />
One hauls a basket,<br />
One bears a plate,<br />
One lugs a golden dish<br />
Of many pounds’ weight.<br />
How fair the vine must grow<br />
Whose grapes are so luscious;<br />
How warm the wind must blow<br />
Through those fruit bushes.”<br />
“No,” said Lizzie, “no, no, no;<br />
Their offers should not charm us,<br />
Their evil gifts would harm us.”<br />
She thrust a dimpled finger<br />
In each ear, shut eyes and ran:<br />
Curious Laura chose to linger<br />
Wondering at each merchant man.<br />
One had a cat’s face,<br />
One whisked a tail,<br />
One tramped at a rat’s pace,<br />
One crawled like a snail,<br />
One like a wombat prowled obtuse and furry,<br />
One like a ratel tumbled hurry-scurry.<br />
Lizzie heard a voice like voice of doves<br />
Cooing all together:<br />
They sounded kind and full of loves<br />
In the pleasant weather.</p>
<p>Laura stretched her gleaming neck<br />
Like a rush-imbedded swan,<br />
Like a lily from the beck,<br />
Like a moonlit poplar branch,<br />
Like a vessel at the launch<br />
When its last restraint is gone.</p>
<p>Backwards up the mossy glen<br />
Turned and trooped the goblin men,<br />
With their shrill repeated cry,<br />
“Come buy, come buy.”<br />
When they reached where Laura was<br />
They stood stock still upon the moss,<br />
Leering at each other,<br />
Brother with queer brother;<br />
Signalling each other,<br />
Brother with sly brother.<br />
One set his basket down,<br />
One reared his plate;<br />
One began to weave a crown<br />
Of tendrils, leaves, and rough nuts brown<br />
(Men sell not such in any town);<br />
One heaved the golden weight<br />
Of dish and fruit to offer her:<br />
“Come buy, come buy,” was still their cry.<br />
Laura stared but did not stir,<br />
Longed but had no money:<br />
The whisk-tailed merchant bade her taste<br />
In tones as smooth as honey,<br />
The cat-faced purr’d,<br />
The rat-paced spoke a word<br />
Of welcome, and the snail-paced even was heard;<br />
One parrot-voiced and jolly<br />
Cried “Pretty Goblin” still for “Pretty Polly”;<br />
One whistled like a bird.</p>
<p>But sweet-tooth Laura spoke in haste:<br />
“Good folk, I have no coin;<br />
To take were to purloin:<br />
I have no copper in my purse,<br />
I have no silver either,<br />
And all my gold is on the furze<br />
That shakes in windy weather<br />
Above the rusty heather.”<br />
“You have much gold upon your head,”<br />
They answered altogether:<br />
“Buy from us with a golden curl.”<br />
She clipped a precious golden lock,<br />
She dropped a tear more rare than pearl,<br />
Then sucked their fruit globes fair or red:<br />
Sweeter than honey from the rock,<br />
Stronger than man-rejoicing wine,<br />
Clearer than water flowed that juice;<br />
She never tasted such before,<br />
How should it cloy with length of use?<br />
She sucked and sucked and sucked the more<br />
Fruits which that unknown orchard bore,<br />
She sucked until her lips were sore;<br />
Then flung the emptied rinds away,<br />
But gathered up one kernel stone,<br />
And knew not was it night or day<br />
As she turned home alone.</p>
<h1>Lizzie met her at the gate</h1>
<p>Full of wise upbraidings:<br />
“Dear, you should not stay so late,<br />
Twilight is not good for maidens;<br />
Should not loiter in the glen<br />
In the haunts of goblin men.<br />
Do you not remember Jeanie,<br />
How she met them in the moonlight,<br />
Took their gifts both choice and many,<br />
Ate their fruits and wore their flowers<br />
Plucked from bowers<br />
Where summer ripens at all hours?<br />
But ever in the moonlight<br />
She pined and pined away;<br />
Sought them by night and day,<br />
Found them no more, but dwindled and grew gray;<br />
Then fell with the first snow,<br />
While to this day no grass will grow<br />
Where she lies low:<br />
I planted daisies there a year ago<br />
That never blow.<br />
You should not loiter so.”<br />
“Nay hush,” said Laura.<br />
“Nay hush, my sister:<br />
I ate and ate my fill,<br />
Yet my mouth waters still;<br />
To-morrow night I will<br />
Buy more,” and kissed her.<br />
“Have done with sorrow;<br />
I’ll bring you plums to-morrow<br />
Fresh on their mother twigs,<br />
Cherries worth getting;<br />
You cannot think what figs<br />
My teeth have met in,<br />
What melons, icy-cold<br />
Piled on a dish of gold<br />
Too huge for me to hold,<br />
What peaches with a velvet nap,<br />
Pellucid grapes without one seed:<br />
Odorous indeed must be the mead<br />
Whereon they grow, and pure the wave they drink,<br />
With lilies at the brink,<br />
And sugar-sweet their sap.”</p>
<p>Golden head by golden head,<br />
Like two pigeons in one nest<br />
Folded in each other’s wings,<br />
They lay down, in their curtained bed:<br />
Like two blossoms on one stem,<br />
Like two flakes of new-fallen snow,<br />
Like two wands of ivory<br />
Tipped with gold for awful kings.<br />
Moon and stars beamed in at them,<br />
Wind sang to them lullaby,<br />
Lumbering owls forbore to fly,<br />
Not a bat flapped to and fro<br />
Round their rest:<br />
Cheek to cheek and breast to breast<br />
Locked together in one nest.</p>
<p>Early in the morning<br />
When the first cock crowed his warning,<br />
Neat like bees, as sweet and busy,<br />
Laura rose with Lizzie:<br />
Fetched in honey, milked the cows,<br />
Aired and set to rights the house,<br />
Kneaded cakes of whitest wheat,<br />
Cakes for dainty mouths to eat,<br />
Next churned butter, whipped up cream,<br />
Fed their poultry, sat and sewed;<br />
Talked as modest maidens should<br />
Lizzie with an open heart,<br />
Laura in an absent dream,<br />
One content, one sick in part;<br />
One warbling for the mere bright day’s delight,<br />
One longing for the night.</p>
<p>At length slow evening came—<br />
They went with pitchers to the reedy brook;<br />
Lizzie most placid in her look,<br />
Laura most like a leaping flame.<br />
They drew the gurgling water from its deep<br />
Lizzie plucked purple and rich golden flags,<br />
Then turning homeward said: “The sunset flushes<br />
Those furthest loftiest crags;<br />
Come, Laura, not another maiden lags,<br />
No wilful squirrel wags,<br />
The beasts and birds are fast asleep.”<br />
But Laura loitered still among the rushes<br />
And said the bank was steep.</p>
<p>And said the hour was early still, The dew not fallen, the wind not chill:<br />
Listening ever, but not catching<br />
The customary cry,<br />
“Come buy, come buy,”<br />
With its iterated jingle<br />
Of sugar-baited words:<br />
Not for all her watching<br />
Once discerning even one goblin<br />
Racing, whisking, tumbling, hobbling;<br />
Let alone the herds<br />
That used to tramp along the glen,<br />
In groups or single,<br />
Of brisk fruit-merchant men.</p>
<p>Till Lizzie urged, “O Laura, come, I hear the fruit-call, but I dare not look:<br />
You should not loiter longer at this brook:<br />
Come with me home.<br />
The stars rise, the moon bends her arc,<br />
Each glow-worm winks her spark,<br />
Let us get home before the night grows dark;<br />
For clouds may gather even<br />
Though this is summer weather,<br />
Put out the lights and drench us through;<br />
Then if we lost our way what should we do?”</p>
<p>Laura turned cold as stone<br />
To find her sister heard that cry alone,<br />
That goblin cry,<br />
“Come buy our fruits, come buy.”<br />
Must she then buy no more such dainty fruit?<br />
Must she no more such succous pasture find,<br />
Gone deaf and blind?<br />
Her tree of life drooped from the root:<br />
She said not one word in her heart’s sore ache;<br />
But peering thro’ the dimness, naught discerning,<br />
Trudged home, her pitcher dripping all the way;<br />
So crept to bed, and lay<br />
Silent ‘til Lizzie slept;<br />
Then sat up in a passionate yearning,<br />
And gnashed her teeth for balked desire, and wept<br />
As if her heart would break.</p>
<p>Day after day, night after night,<br />
Laura kept watch in vain,<br />
In sullen silence of exceeding pain.<br />
She never caught again the goblin cry:<br />
“Come buy, come buy,”<br />
She never spied the goblin men<br />
Hawking their fruits along the glen:<br />
But when the noon waxed bright<br />
Her hair grew thin and gray;<br />
She dwindled, as the fair full moon doth turn<br />
To swift decay, and burn<br />
Her fire away.</p>
<p>One day remembering her kernel-stone<br />
She set it by a wall that faced the south;<br />
Dewed it with tears, hoped for a root,<br />
Watched for a waxing shoot,<br />
But there came none;<br />
It never saw the sun,<br />
It never felt the trickling moisture run:<br />
While with sunk eyes and faded mouth<br />
She dreamed of melons, as a traveller sees<br />
False waves in desert drouth<br />
With shade of leaf-crowned trees,<br />
And burns the thirstier in the sandful breeze.</p>
<p>She no more swept the house,<br />
Tended the fowls or cows,<br />
Fetched honey, kneaded cakes of wheat,<br />
Brought water from the brook:<br />
But sat down listless in the chimney-nook<br />
And would not eat.</p></td>
<td width="336" valign="top"><p>Tender Lizzie could not bear<br />
To watch her sister’s cankerous care,<br />
Yet not to share.<br />
She night and morning<br />
Caught the goblins’ cry:<br />
“Come buy our orchard fruits,<br />
Come buy, come buy.”<br />
Beside the brook, along the glen<br />
She heard the tramp of goblin men,<br />
The voice and stir<br />
Poor Laura could not hear;<br />
Longed to buy fruit to comfort her,<br />
But feared to pay too dear.</p>
<p>She thought of Jeanie in her grave,<br />
Who should have been a bride;<br />
But who for joys brides hope to have<br />
Fell sick and died<br />
In her gay prime,<br />
In earliest winter-time,<br />
With the first glazing rime,<br />
With the first snow-fall of crisp winter-time.</p>
<p>Till Laura, dwindling,<br />
Seemed knocking at Death’s door:<br />
Then Lizzie weighed no more<br />
Better and worse,<br />
But put a silver penny in her purse,<br />
Kissed Laura, crossed the heath with clumps of furze<br />
At twilight, halted by the brook,<br />
And for the first time in her life<br />
Began to listen and look.</p>
<h1>Laughed every goblin</h1>
<p>When they spied her peeping:<br />
Came towards her hobbling,<br />
Flying, running, leaping,<br />
Puffing and blowing,<br />
Chuckling, clapping, crowing,<br />
Clucking and gobbling,<br />
Mopping and mowing,<br />
Full of airs and graces,<br />
Pulling wry faces,<br />
Demure grimaces,<br />
Cat-like and rat-like,<br />
Ratel and wombat-like,<br />
Snail-paced in a hurry,<br />
Parrot-voiced and whistler,<br />
Helter-skelter, hurry-skurry,<br />
Chattering like magpies,<br />
Fluttering like pigeons,<br />
Gliding like fishes, --<br />
Hugged her and kissed her;<br />
Squeezed and caressed her;<br />
Stretched up their dishes,<br />
Panniers and plates:<br />
“Look at our apples<br />
Russet and dun,<br />
Bob at our cherries<br />
Bite at our peaches,<br />
Citrons and dates,<br />
Grapes for the asking,<br />
Pears red with basking<br />
Out in the sun,<br />
Plums on their twigs;<br />
Pluck them and suck them,<br />
Pomegranates, figs.”</p>
<p>“Good folk,” said Lizzie,<br />
Mindful of Jeanie,<br />
“Give me much and many”; --<br />
Held out her apron,<br />
Tossed them her penny.<br />
“Nay, take a seat with us,<br />
Honor and eat with us,”<br />
They answered grinning;<br />
“Our feast is but beginning.<br />
Night yet is early,<br />
Warm and dew-pearly,<br />
Wakeful and starry:<br />
Such fruits as these<br />
No man can carry;<br />
Half their bloom would fly,<br />
Half their dew would dry,<br />
Half their flavor would pass by.<br />
Sit down and feast with us,<br />
Be welcome guest with us,<br />
Cheer you and rest with us.”<br />
“Thank you,” said Lizzie; “but one waits<br />
At home alone for me:<br />
So, without further parleying,<br />
If you will not sell me any<br />
Of your fruits though much and many,<br />
Give me back my silver penny<br />
I tossed you for a fee.”<br />
They began to scratch their pates,<br />
No longer wagging, purring,<br />
But visibly demurring,<br />
Grunting and snarling.<br />
One called her proud,<br />
Cross-grained, uncivil;<br />
Their tones waxed loud,<br />
Their looks were evil.<br />
Lashing their tails<br />
They trod and hustled her,<br />
Elbowed and jostled her,<br />
Clawed with their nails,<br />
Barking, mewing, hissing, mocking,<br />
Tore her gown and soiled her stocking,<br />
Twitched her hair out by the roots,<br />
Stamped upon her tender feet,<br />
Held her hands and squeezed their fruits<br />
Against her mouth to make her eat.</p>
<p>White and golden Lizzie stood,<br />
Like a lily in a flood,<br />
Like a rock of blue-veined stone<br />
Lashed by tides obstreperously, --<br />
Like a beacon left alone<br />
In a hoary roaring sea,<br />
Sending up a golden fire, --<br />
Like a fruit-crowned orange-tree<br />
White with blossoms honey-sweet<br />
Sore beset by wasp and bee, --<br />
Like a royal virgin town<br />
Topped with gilded dome and spire<br />
Close beleaguered by a fleet<br />
Mad to tear her standard down.</p>
<p>One may lead a horse to water,<br />
Twenty cannot make him drink.<br />
Though the goblins cuffed and caught her,<br />
Coaxed and fought her,<br />
Bullied and besought her,<br />
Scratched her, pinched her black as ink,<br />
Kicked and knocked her,<br />
Mauled and mocked her,<br />
Lizzie uttered not a word;<br />
Would not open lip from lip<br />
Lest they should cram a mouthful in;<br />
But laughed in heart to feel the drip<br />
Of juice that syruped all her face,<br />
And lodged in dimples of her chin,<br />
And streaked her neck which quaked like curd.<br />
At last the evil people,<br />
Worn out by her resistance,<br />
Flung back her penny, kicked their fruit<br />
Along whichever road they took,<br />
Not leaving root or stone or shoot.<br />
Some writhed into the ground,<br />
Some dived into the brook<br />
With ring and ripple.<br />
Some scudded on the gale without a sound,<br />
Some vanished in the distance.</p>
<p>In a smart, ache, tingle,<br />
Lizzie went her way;<br />
Knew not was it night or day;<br />
Sprang up the bank, tore through the furze,<br />
Threaded copse and dingle,<br />
And heard her penny jingle<br />
Bouncing in her purse, --<br />
Its bounce was music to her ear.<br />
She ran and ran<br />
As if she feared some goblin man<br />
Dogged her with gibe or curse<br />
Or something worse:<br />
But not one goblin skurried after,<br />
Nor was she pricked by fear;<br />
The kind heart made her windy-paced<br />
That urged her home quite out of breath with haste<br />
And inward laughter.</p>
<p>She cried “Laura,” up the garden,<br />
“Did you miss me ?<br />
Come and kiss me.<br />
Never mind my bruises,<br />
Hug me, kiss me, suck my juices<br />
Squeezed from goblin fruits for you,<br />
Goblin pulp and goblin dew.<br />
Eat me, drink me, love me;<br />
Laura, make much of me:<br />
For your sake I have braved the glen<br />
And had to do with goblin merchant men.”</p>
<p>Laura started from her chair,<br />
Flung her arms up in the air,<br />
Clutched her hair:<br />
“Lizzie, Lizzie, have you tasted<br />
For my sake the fruit forbidden?<br />
Must your light like mine be hidden,<br />
Your young life like mine be wasted,<br />
Undone in mine undoing,<br />
And ruined in my ruin;<br />
Thirsty, cankered, goblin-ridden?”<br />
She clung about her sister,<br />
Kissed and kissed and kissed her:<br />
Tears once again<br />
Refreshed her shrunken eyes,<br />
Dropping like rain<br />
After long sultry drouth;<br />
Shaking with aguish fear, and pain,<br />
She kissed and kissed her with a hungry mouth.</p>
<p>Her lips began to scorch,<br />
That juice was wormwood to her tongue,<br />
She loathed the feast:<br />
Writhing as one possessed she leaped and sung,<br />
Rent all her robe, and wrung<br />
Her hands in lamentable haste,<br />
And beat her breast.<br />
Her locks streamed like the torch<br />
Borne by a racer at full speed,<br />
Or like the mane of horses in their flight,<br />
Or like an eagle when she stems the light<br />
Straight toward the sun,<br />
Or like a caged thing freed,<br />
Or like a flying flag when armies run.</p>
<p>Swift fire spread through her veins, knocked at her heart,<br />
Met the fire smouldering there<br />
And overbore its lesser flame,<br />
She gorged on bitterness without a name:<br />
Ah! fool, to choose such part<br />
Of soul-consuming care!<br />
Sense failed in the mortal strife:<br />
Like the watch-tower of a town<br />
Which an earthquake shatters down,<br />
Like a lightning-stricken mast,<br />
Like a wind-uprooted tree<br />
Spun about,<br />
Like a foam-topped water-spout<br />
Cast down headlong in the sea,<br />
She fell at last;<br />
Pleasure past and anguish past,<br />
Is it death or is it life ?</p>
<p>Life out of death.<br />
That night long Lizzie watched by her,<br />
Counted her pulse’s flagging stir,<br />
Felt for her breath,<br />
Held water to her lips, and cooled her face<br />
With tears and fanning leaves:<br />
But when the first birds chirped about their eaves,<br />
And early reapers plodded to the place<br />
Of golden sheaves,<br />
And dew-wet grass<br />
Bowed in the morning winds so brisk to pass,<br />
And new buds with new day<br />
Opened of cup-like lilies on the stream,<br />
Laura awoke as from a dream,<br />
Laughed in the innocent old way,<br />
Hugged Lizzie but not twice or thrice;<br />
Her gleaming locks showed not one thread of gray,<br />
Her breath was sweet as May,<br />
And light danced in her eyes.</p>
<p>Days, weeks, months,years<br />
Afterwards, when both were wives<br />
With children of their own;<br />
Their mother-hearts beset with fears,<br />
Their lives bound up in tender lives;<br />
Laura would call the little ones<br />
And tell them of her early prime,<br />
Those pleasant days long gone<br />
Of not-returning time:<br />
Would talk about the haunted glen,<br />
The wicked, quaint fruit-merchant men,<br />
Their fruits like honey to the throat,<br />
But poison in the blood;<br />
(Men sell not such in any town;)<br />
Would tell them how her sister stood<br />
In deadly peril to do her good,<br />
And win the fiery antidote:<br />
Then joining hands to little hands<br />
Would bid them cling together,<br />
“For there is no friend like a sister,<br />
In calm or stormy weather,<br />
To cheer one on the tedious way,<br />
To fetch one if one goes astray,<br />
To lift one if one totters down,<br />
To strengthen whilst one stands.”</p></td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
http://www.ukenergy.co.uk/pages/gas-kwh.html
http://energy-advise.com/compare-energy-prices/metric-gas-meter-calculator-nsc/
!Cheapest tariffs
Get a credit meter for bigger savings
The very cheapest energy tariffs are online deals for those who have credit meters. These measure your usage, then you receive a bill or pay by direct debit afterwards, giving you credit rather than making you pay in advance.
http://www.moneysavingexpert.com/utilities/switch-prepaid-gas-electricity
----
+++[Price comparison sites]
http://switch.which.co.uk/
http://www.ukpower.co.uk/
[[Moneysavingexpert cheap energy club|http://www.moneysavingexpert.com/cheapenergyclub?utm_source=MSE_Newsletter&utm_medium=Email&utm_term=23-Apr-13&utm_campaign=site&utm_content=44]]
===
!Social Tariffs
http://www.nacasadvice.org.uk/affordable-warmth/29/social-tariffs-for-vulnerable-customers
http://cfe.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/6708/~/transition-from-a-social-tariff-to-the-warm-home-discount
!Trust Funds
http://www.charisgrants.com/
!Advice
Gas and Elecricity - http://forums.moneysavingexpert.com/forumdisplay.php?f=13
http://www.gas-guide.org.uk/meters.html
!!Home Heat Helpline
The Home Heat Helpline is a free, not for profit phone line set up to help energy customers in Britain who are struggling to pay their fuel bills and keep warm. Anyone can call the Helpline free on 0800 33 66 99 or visit the Home Heat website.
!Energy companies
http://www.makeitcheaper.com/articles/energy/big-six-energy-suppliers.aspx
http://www.which.co.uk/switch/energy-suppliers/energy-companies-rated
!!British Gas
Part of Centrica, BGB is the UK's biggest energy suppliers for business, offering both electricity and gas. The company incorporates Scottish Gas Business, Electricity4Business, Bizzenergy, Enron and Electricity Direct.
!EDF
Stands for Electricite de France and is the ''French'' state-owned company. In the UK, EDF looks after the customers of SWEB, Seeboard & London Electricity
!Eon
''German''-owned and includes the business electricity and gas customers of Powergen, Economy Power, Norweb, Eastern Electricity, East Midlands Electricity & Independent Energy.
!Npower
Also has a ''German'' parent company (RWE) and, in the UK, includes business electricity and gas customers of Midlands Electricity, Yorkshire Electricity & Northern Electric.
!Scottish and Southern
''British''-owned, also known as SSE and incorporates the business electricity and gas customers of Southern Electric, Scottish Hydro Electric, SWALEC, Atlantic Electric & Gas.
!Smaller Energy companies
https://www.ebico.org.uk/
*Opus Energy 0843 2272366
*DONG Energy 0207 257 0100
*Contract Natural Gas Ltd (CNG) 01423 502554
*Corona Energy 08442 646464
*Haven Power 01473 725943
*Dual Energy 0845 521 4291 / 0845 230 2058
*Gazprom 0845 230 2058
*LoCO2 0845 074 3601
A Radiant gas fire is the cheapest to run
<html><a href="javascript:generateSEOFiles();">Generate SEO files</a></html>.
/***
|''Name:''|GenerateRssByTagPlugin|
|''Description:''|Only tiddlers with a specific tag are inluded in the RSSFeed. If no tiddlers are selected then works as before. (see ticket #270: http://trac.tiddlywiki.org/tiddlywiki/ticket/270). <br>RssTag: <<option txtRssTag Index>>|
|''Version:''|1.0.3|
|''Date:''|May 17, 2007|
|''Source:''|http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/#GenerateRssByTagPlugin|
|''Author:''|BidiX (BidiX (at) bidix (dot) info)|
|''License:''|[[BSD open source license|http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/#%5B%5BBSD%20open%20source%20license%5D%5D ]]|
|''~CoreVersion:''|2.2.0 (Beta 5)|
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.GenerateRssByTagPlugin = {
major: 1, minor: 0, revision: 3,
date: new Date("May 17, 2007"),
source: 'http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/#GenerateRssByTagPlugin',
author: 'BidiX (BidiX (at) bidix (dot) info',
coreVersion: '2.2.0 (Beta 5)'
};
if (!window.bidix) window.bidix = {}; // bidix namespace
bidix.generateRssByTag = function()
{
var s = [];
var d = new Date();
var u = store.getTiddlerText("SiteUrl");
// Assemble the header
s.push("<" + "?xml version=\"1.0\"" + " encoding='UTF-8' " + "?" + ">");
s.push("<rss version=\"2.0\">");
s.push("<channel>");
s.push("<title" + ">" + wikifyPlain("SiteTitle").htmlEncode() + "</title" + ">");
if(u)
s.push("<link>" + u.htmlEncode() + "</link>");
s.push("<description>" + wikifyPlain("SiteSubtitle").htmlEncode() + "</description>");
s.push("<language>en-us</language>");
s.push("<copyright>Copyright " + d.getFullYear() + " " + config.options.txtUserName.htmlEncode() + "</copyright>");
s.push("<pubDate>" + d.toGMTString() + "</pubDate>");
s.push("<lastBuildDate>" + d.toGMTString() + "</lastBuildDate>");
s.push("<docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>");
s.push("<generator>TiddlyWiki " + version.major + "." + version.minor + "." + version.revision + "</generator>");
// The body
var tiddlers;
if (config.options.txtRssTag && store.getTaggedTiddlers(config.options.txtRssTag).length > 0)
tiddlers = store.getTaggedTiddlers(config.options.txtRssTag,"modified");
else
tiddlers = store.getTiddlers("modified","excludeLists");
var n = config.numRssItems > tiddlers.length ? 0 : tiddlers.length-config.numRssItems;
for (var t=tiddlers.length-1; t>=n; t--)
s.push(tiddlers[t].saveToRss(u));
// And footer
s.push("</channel>");
s.push("</rss>");
// Save it all
return s.join("\n");
};
//
// Initializations
//
bidix.generateRss = generateRss; // backup core version
generateRss = bidix.generateRssByTag; // install new one
config.options.txtRssTag = "toRSS"; // default RssTag. use <<option txtRssTag>> to overwritte
merge(config.optionsDesc,{txtRssTag: "Only tiddlers with this tag will be included in the RSS Feed."});
//}}}
Twee
Twee is a simple markup language for TiddlyWikis. It was invented when Chris spilled water on his laptop's trackpad, which knocked it out of commission temporarily, and he still wanted to work on his TiddlyWiki. It's evolved into a language for creating interactive stories.
It's possible to do everything you see on this Web site with a regular TiddlyWiki, where you click buttons to create tiddlers and link between them. But Twee makes things easier in two ways:
* It lets you write with your favorite word processor or text editor, with all the tools you're used to as a writer.
* The Jonah template (which comes with Tweebox) gives you a stripped-down template suitable for stories, where you don't want people skipping ahead, and a bunch of handy macros for writing interactive stories right off the bat.
The easiest way to get started with Twee is to download Tweebox below. It's a compiler for Twee files that runs right in your Web browser. It also comes with an online manual that explains step-by-step how to write a story with Twee.
Source: [[Gimcrack'd: Code and Other Oddments|http://gimcrackd.com/etc/src/#%5B%5BConvert%20an%20existing%20TiddlyWiki%20to%20Twee%20format%20online%5D%5D]]
!Maps
http://www.glasgowguide.co.uk/maps-full.html
!Basics
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasgow
http://www.tripadvisor.co.uk/Tourism-g186534-Glasgow_Scotland-Vacations.html
http://glasgow.gumtree.com
http://www.visitscotland.com
!Accommodation
[[Rent a house]]
http://www.gla.ac.uk/services/residentialservices/visitorstourists/
http://www.smoothhound.co.uk/glasgow.html
!Postcodes
http://www.postcode-info.co.uk/glasgow-city-postcodes-435.html
http://www.scoutlocal.co.uk
!Simple goats cheese
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/Fankhauser/Cheese/Cheese98.htm
*one gallon freshest milk (the fewer bacteria present, the more predictable the cheese)
*2-3 teaspoonfuls buttermilk (or 1/3rd cup yogurt )
*1 drop of liquid rennet
*1 Teaspoons of Salt
Instructions:
#Warm the milk to room temperature (68-70 °F)
#Dissolve 1/2 of the rennet tablet in 1/4 cup warm water
#Stir in the buttermilk and mix thoroughly
#Stir in the rest of the rennet and mix thoroughly
#Cover and let it sit for a total of 24 hours
#At this time, the curd should be firm enough to cut into 1/2 inch cubes
#Next ladle the curds into a sterile cloth located suspending above a colander
#Place that in a refrigerator or cool place for 24 hours
#After the 24 hours has passed, the whey should all be drained
#Next add about 1-2 teaspoons of salt
#Add to molds and cover
Lasts 2 weeks
!alternative recipe 1
Things You'll Need:
* 1/2 gallon goat's milk
* ¼ cup apple cider vinegar
* 1 tbsp. salt
* 1 tbsp. pepper
Instead of vinegar to separate the whey from the curds, you can add one rennet tablet or 2 tbsp. of lemon juice.
Instructions:
#Begin pasteurizing the goat's milk. Fill your pan with goat's milk. Place a dairy thermometer in the pan to keep track of the temperature.
#Allow the milk to rise to a temperature of 90 degrees F. Continue to stir the milk, or it will scorch. Once the milk boils, allow it to continue boiling for just a few seconds. Turn the burner off and remove the milk from the heat.
#Add the vinegar to the milk. Continue to stir the goat milk slowly. You will notice that curds have started to form, and this is perfectly normal.
#Line the colander with cheesecloth. Place the colander on top of a stainless steel bowl. Stir the goat milk for 30 seconds, and then pour it into your strainer.
#Ensure that the whey (liquid) separates completely from the curds. Discard the whey that is left in the pot, or save it for a sourdough bread starter.
#Lift the cheesecloth with the curds out of the colander. Gently squeeze the cheesecloth to remove any excess whey.
#Pour the curds into a bowl. Add salt and pepper to the cheese. Mix the chevre cheese with your hands and form it into a bowl.
#Press the cheese into molds or a small bowl. Cover the chevre cheese and place it in the refrigerator. Allow the goat cheese to set in the refrigerator for at least 2 days.
Read more: How to Make French Chevre Cheese | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/how_5709618_make-french-chevre-cheese.html#ixzz17k0vZc00
<html><body>
<p><img src="file:///F|/JSAS/http_root/www/wikis/princewiki213/images/clip_image002_0005.jpg" alt="Goblin Market" width="301" height="400" /> </p>
<h1>Typography by Dante Rossetti </h1>
<p><a href="http://users.pandora.be/gaston.d.haese/goblin.html">http://users.pandora.be/gaston.d.haese/goblin.html</a>]</p>
<p>First theory<br />
“Goblin Market” is a fairy-tale with a Christian analogy.<br />
Eve tasted the forbidden fruit from the Tree of Knowledge, resulting in the expulsion from the Garden of Eden.<br />
God sent Jesus Christ to save mankind from sin.<br />
“Goblin Market” follows these two events. Laura eats the luscious fruits and then Lizzie saves Laura.</p>
<h1>Second theory</h1>
<p>John Polidori’s tale “The Vampyre” (1819) is the source for the enigmatic poem “Goblin Market”. Polidori was Christina Rossetti’s maternal uncle.<br />
The goblins are vampiric creatures who dole out exotic fruits to young women who become drained, languid and bloodless. The implications of lust, sucking, pain, enervation and fear suggest some sort of vampirism.</p>
<p>Are the goblins animals, satyrs, vampires or men?! <br />
...One had a cat’s face, <br />
One whisked a tail, <br />
One tramped at a rat’s pace, <br />
One crawled like a snail, <br />
One like a wombat prowled obtuse and furry, <br />
One like a ratel tumbled hurry-scurry.</p>
<p>The goblins resemble vampires and satyrs but they possess characteristics of both humans and animals. Rossetti portrays the alluring but frightening sexual and economic power of men without referring to flesh-and-blood men.<br />
She rewrites the vampire myth to celebrate the power of feminine sexuality and imagination.</p>
<hr>
<div class=Section1>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>[<span
class=GramE>source</span>: <a
href="http://www.csulb.edu/~csnider/c.rossetti.html"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:"MS Sans Serif";"MS Sans Serif"'>http://www.csulb.edu/~csnider/c.rossetti.html</span></a>]</span></p>
<p align=center style='
text-align:center;text-autospace:none'><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"Cooper Black";color:fuchsia;'>“There is No Friend like a Sister”:</span><span lang=EN-GB> </span></p>
<p align=center style='
text-align:center;text-autospace:none'><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"Cooper Black";color:fuchsia;'>Psychic Integration in Christina Rossetti’s <i>Goblin Market</i></span><span
lang=EN-GB> </span></p>
<p align=center style='
text-align:center;text-autospace:none'><span lang=EN-GB>I</span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Within
the last twenty-five years or so, Christina Rossetti has benefited from renewed
scholarly examination, not in small part due to feminist interest in her work
as an important woman poet in the nineteenth century.<sup>1</sup> Her <i>Goblin
Market and other Poems</i> (1862) was the first popularly successful book of
Pre-Raphaelite poetry (Swann 92), and the title poem is generally considered
Rossetti’s masterpiece. In February 1964, for instance, Peter Quennell, writing
to <i>The New York Times Book Review</i>, stated his belief that <i>Goblin
Market</i> “establishes her claim to immorality” (qtd. by Bellas 37). A
nineteenth-century fairy tale, <i>Goblin Market</i> is Rossetti’s longest and
most discussed poem, as well as her most popular poem, one that can be enjoyed
by both children and adults.<sup>2</sup> </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><i><span lang=EN-GB>Goblin
Market</span></i><span lang=EN-GB> has been
interpreted in many different ways. Although, as Katherine Mayberry points out,
“the New Critical approach was never applied to” Rossetti’s work as a whole
(2), numerous other approaches have been applied. Until recently, the most
frequent approach to her work in general and to <i>Goblin Market</i> in
particular has been the biographical approach, with an emphasis on her supposed
love life and her deeply held religious beliefs (she was an Anglo-Catholic).
Referring to <i>Goblin Market</i>, her brother and posthumous editor, William
Michael Rossetti, in an oft-quoted statement, declared: “I have more than once
heard Christina say that she did not mean anything profound by this fairy tale—it
is not a moral apologue consistently carried out in detail.” He adds, however: “Still,
the incidents are such as to be at any rate suggestive, and different minds may
be likely to read different messages into them” (459). Many different readings
have indeed been offered, some more valid than others. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Jan Marsh,
a recent biographer, discusses the “many [. . .] autobiographical elements” in
the poem (229). Another Rossetti biographer, Lona Mosk Packer, believes “no
poem of hers is more clearly based upon personal experience” (141). Packer
connects her interpretation of <i>Goblin Market</i> to her still unproved
theory that the Pre-Raphaelite poet and painter William Bell Scott was the
central albeit unrequited love of her life. Packer suggests that the line, “For
there is no friend like a sister” (<i>Complete Poems </i>I: 26; all references
to <i>Goblin Market</i> refer to this edition, hereafter cited as <i>CP </i>),
may refer to Christina’s older sister, Maria, who <i>may</i> have warned
Christina that Scott had fallen in love with another woman, one who was not his
wife (Packer 150-51). Packer is on more solid ground when she writes: “Temptation,
in both its human and its theological sense, is the thematic core of <i>Goblin
Market</i> <span class=GramE>“ (</span>142).<sup>3</sup> </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>In 1950
John Heath-Stubbs rated Christina Rossetti’s “artificial dream-world” in <i>Goblin
Market</i> higher than the poetic worlds created by her brother Dante Gabriel
Rossetti and William Morris from “older romance”: “within its smaller compass,
her world has more of the genuine life of the world or romance and folk-tale
than theirs.” Lizzie, Stubbs maintains, “<span class=GramE>may</span> be taken
as a type of the Christian as well as of Christ” (175). Expanding on this idea,
Marian Shalkhauser writes: “Lizzie [. . .] is the symbol of Christ; Laura
represents Adam-Eve and consequently all of sinful mankind.” <span class=GramE>If
the poem reenacts the Edenic myth, then “Satan appears typically in the form of
depraved animals” (19), an idea that overlaps with my own interpretation.</span> </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Writing
about the same time as Heath-Stubbs (in 1949), Marya Zaturenska seems to rate <i>Goblin
Market</i> even higher than he does: </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>The
mingling of the grotesque and the terrible, the sense <br>
of the trembling innocence that hovers on the abyss of <br>
the unnamable and the repulsive, make this strange little <br>
poem one of the masterpieces of English literature as well <br>
as a Pre-Raphaelite show piece. (77) </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>A. A.
DeVitis interprets the poem as “an allegory that on one level suggests the
creative process that the artist herself may not have been aware of, a process
that for Christina involved the renunciation of the passionate side of life”
(420). Winston Weathers sees <i>Goblin Market</i> as “the prototypal <span
class=GramE>poem in Christina’s myth of the self [. . .] the two sisters [Laura
and Lizzie] are</span> aspects of one self [. . .]” (82). DeVitis adds that “Together
the sisters make up the whole person who becomes the artist” (425). </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Dorothy
Mermin rather stridently disagrees. Critics such as Weathers and DeVitis, “By
turning the two sisters into parts of one person [. . .] minimize or distort
the central action in which one sister saves the other; they shy away from the
powerful image of Lizzie as Christ” (107). Ellen Golub, on the other hand,
carries Weathers’ tentatively Freudian interpretation even further: </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>The poem’s
nuclear fantasy [. . .] is the conflict between regressive oral sadism and the
reality-testing anal stage which battles for prominence in normal development.
After an immersion in total sensuality and non-responsibility, aggressive
impulses are given free access to discharge. By resolving the conflict, the
poem also unites warring parts of the self. In addition, it moves briefly to
the genital level at which both sisters have matured into wives and mothers.
(164) </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Another
provocative Freudian interpretation that also fails to ring entirely true is
that of Maureen Duffy. In <i>The Erotic World of Faery</i>, Duffy writes: “This
[Victorian] double female image [of two sisters] is an interesting component of
the period’s eroticism akin to the heterosexual male desire to see blue films
about lesbians or for similar themes in the work of Courbet, Lautrec or Schiele”
(288-289). I agree to some extent that “the goblins represent animal instinct,”
but Duffy’s assertion that Laura’s “eating the fruit is a powerful masturbatory
fantasy of feeding at the breast” (290) is, I think, wrong-headed and
reductive. The various fruits are of course sexual, but they are offered by
chthonic male creatures, and they are metonymical extensions of the goblins
themselves, figures from the collective unconscious which I shall further
discuss later. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>I quite
agree with Stephen Prickett that love is what Lizzie can bring back from the
goblins to save Laura and that her “urging ‘eat me, drink me, love me’ is more
than Christ-like, suggesting a passion that is almost incestuous.” Christina
Rossetti herself would have been conscious only of the required love, and
Prickett is right to observe: “The hidden antithesis of Victorian prudery was,
naturally, the flourishing sub-culture of pornography—which is first
identifiable as a separate genre in Victorian times” (106). This fact perhaps
accounts for Duffy’s opinion which I’ve just quoted. Prickett further comments:
“Like so many fantasies of the period, it is not difficult to find in <i>The </i>[sic] <i>Goblin Market</i> an image of the divided mind, and a divided society,
terrified to come to terms with its own deepest needs and desires” (106). From
the Jungian point of view, then, the poem compensates for contemporary prudery
in its lush depiction of a sexuality that goes far beyond what the poet
intended.<sup>4</sup> </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Sandra
Gilbert and Susan Gubar note that in <i>Goblin Market</i> Rossetti seems “to be
dreamily positing an effectively matrilineal and matriarchal world, perhaps
even, considering the strikingly sexual redemption scene between the sisters, a
covertly (if ambivalently) lesbian world” (567). It is true that the only male
characters in the poem are the goblins, but the psychic integration that the
sisters achieve by the end of the poem comes partly because they have absorbed
the masculine qualities of the goblins<span class=GramE>,<sup>5</sup></span> and through the symbolism of same-sex love they have each achieved a psychic
whole. Rossetti’s creative process and the process and symbols of her
characters’ individuations are what I would like now to concentrate on. </span></p>
<h1><span lang=EN-GB>II</span></h1>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>In my
book, <i>The Stuff That Dreams Are Made On</i>, I discuss Jung’s theories of
creativity (6-7). Suffice it to say here that Jung, echoing Plato, writes: “Art
is a kind of innate drive that seizes a human being and makes him its
instrument. The artist is not a person endowed with free will who seeks his own
ends, but one who allows art to realize its purposes through him.” The artist
as a human being has a free will, of course, but </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span class=GramE><span lang=EN-GB>as</span></span><span lang=EN-GB> an
artist he is “man” in a higher sense—he is “collective man,” a vehicle and
moulder of the unconscious psychic life of mankind. That is his office, and it
is sometimes so heavy a burden that he is fated to sacrifice happiness and
everything that makes life worth living for the ordinary human being. (<i>CW </i>15:
101) </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Jung
refers here to artists whose work is “visionary”; that is, the work compensates
through its archetypal imagery for contemporary psychic imbalance. <i>Goblin
Market</i>, as I have suggested, falls into this category. Given the known
facts of Christina Rossetti’s life, one is tempted to class her as an artist
who sacrificed “happiness and everything that makes life worth living for the
ordinary human being.” We know that twice she gave up marriage for religious
reasons. She rejected James Collinson, a member of the Pre-Raphaelite
Brotherhood, as a teenager of about eighteen, because of Collinson’s Roman
Catholicism; and she rejected, at about age 30, Charles Bagot Cayley because of
his relative lack of religious faith (see M. Rossetti lii-liv). If we are to
believe Lona Mosk Packer’s theory, discounted by Marsh (119), Rossetti’s actual
love was William Bell Scott, who because he was married was unavailable. In any
case, Rossetti’s unhappiness in love could apparently be more readily blamed on
her religion than on her vocation as a poet. However, even her religious faith,
strong as it was, did not vanquish all doubts, as a close reading of her poetry
will demonstrate. For her, life was the veritable “veil of tears.” Her sonnet
called “One Certainty” reflects the view and uses the language of Ecclesiastes: </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Vanity of
vanities, the Preacher saith, <br>
<span class=GramE>All</span> things are vanity. The eye and ear <br>
<span class=GramE>Cannot</span> be filled with what they see and hear. <br>
Like early dew, or like the sudden breath <br>
<span class=GramE>Of</span> wind, or like the grass that withereth, <br>
Is man, tossed to and fro by hope and fear: <br>
So little joy hath he, so little cheer, <br>
Till all things end in the long dust of death. <br>
Today is still the same as yesterday, <br>
<span class=GramE>Tomorrow</span> also even as one of them; <br>
And there is nothing new under the sun: <br>
Until the ancient race of Time be run, <br>
The old thorns shall grow out of the old stem, <br>
And morning shall be cold and twilight grey. (<i>CP</i> I: 72) </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Nothing
very original here, yet the poem does illustrate a typical attitude in Rossetti’s
poetry.<sup>6</sup> <span class=GramE>Her</span> famous renunciation of love
(and some would include life) was due more to her religious faith than to her
art.<sup>7</sup> </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>On the
other hand, out of her deep pain came her brilliant work as an artist. I
believe that, like Laura and Lizzie in her best poem, Christina Rossetti was an
introverted-intuitive type. As Marie-Louise von Franz notes, “Many introverted
intuitives are to be found among artists and poets. They generally are artists
who produce very archetypal and fantastic material [. . .]” (“The Inferior
Function” 33). Furthermore, </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>the
introvert feels as if an overwhelming object wants constantly to affect him,
from which he has continually to retire [. . .] he is constantly overwhelmed by
impressions, but he is unaware that he is secretly borrowing psychic energy
from and lending it to the object through his unconscious extraversion. (“The
Inferior Function” 1) <br>
Moreover, “the introverted intuitive has particular trouble in approaching sex
because it involves his inferior extraverted sensation” (35).<sup>8</sup> <span
class=GramE>Ironically</span>, one’s inferior function can open one up to
ecstatic experience. Robert A. Johnson, for instance, writes: “Carl Jung says
that the inferior function is always one’s God connection” (58). Von Franz
cites the example of Jakob Boehme, the German mystic who was an
introverted-intuitive type, whose “revelation of the Godhead [. . .] came from
seeing a ray of light being reflected in a tin plate. That sensation experience
snapped him into an inner ecstasy and within a minute he saw, so to speak, the
whole mystery of the Godhead” (“The Inferior Function” 36). </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>In
ecstatic poems like “A Birthday,” Rossetti seems to experience the same kind of
breakthrough. Unfortunately for her personal life, but fortunately for poetry,
she never fully developed her sensation function into a satisfactory love
relationship, unlike Laura and Lizzie. Regarding Boehme, von Franz says: “To be
crucified between the superior and the inferior function is vitally important.”
Such conflict was destroyed for Boehme by a German baron who, after Boehme’s
first book was published, provided for Boehme’s family, thus relieving him of
that financial burden and at the same time allowing him to escape “the torture
of his inferior function” (37). Von Franz implies, as does Jung, that suffering
is necessary to produce great philosophy or art. It is necessary, in other
words, for creativity. This is a large issue which time and space do not allow
me to develop fully here. In Christina Rossetti’s case, however, the idea that
from suffering comes great art applies.<sup>9</sup> </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>William
Michael Rossetti’s comment that his sister’s “habits of composition were
entirely of the casual and spontaneous kind, from her earliest to her latest
years” (lxviii) has stimulated much critical discussion. Thomas Swann comments:
“Christina was not the craftsman her brother was. She wrote simply, often
carelessly, and she did not like to revise.” He also says: “The best whimsy is
spontaneous and not the product of conscious artistry” (24; he feels Christina’s
whimsy is superior to that of her brother, Dante Gabriel, and the other
Pre-Raphaelites). To contend that Christina Rossetti did not revise, was not a
conscious artist, is quite simply wrong. As Packer and others have shown, she
was a careful artist who conscientiously revised her work (see especially
Antony Harrison 1-22). Virginia Woolf’s centennial essay, “’I Am Christina
Rossetti’,” is perhaps the best description of Rossetti as an artist.
Addressing the poet herself, Woolf writes: </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>I doubt
indeed that you developed very much. You were an instinctive poet. You saw the
world from the same angle always. [. . .] Yet for all its symmetry, yours was a
complex song. When you struck your harp many strings sounded together. Like all
instinctives you had a keen sense <br>
of the visual beauty of the world. [. . .] A firm hand pruned your lines; a
sharp ear tested their music. Nothing soft, otiose, irrelevant cumbered your
pages. In a word, you were an artist. (220) </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Although
her best work, including <i>Goblin <span class=GramE>Market<span
style='font-style:normal'>,</span></span></i> may have arisen spontaneously
from the unconscious, even as she wrote Rossetti applied consciously her craft
as a poet. It could be no other way. Many critics have remarked on the
eccentric meter and rhythm of <i>Goblin Market</i>, and many note how Rossetti
adapts that rhythm to meet the requirements of the mood and/or imagery she is
conveying. This is the work of a true artist. </span></p>
<h1><span lang=EN-GB>III</span></h1>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Christina
Rossetti lived in an era of renewed popular interest in myth, romance, legend,
and fairy tales. Indeed, fairy painting became a “unique Victorian contribution
to art,” stimulated by this new interest and, according to Jeremy Maas, a
widespread interest in spiritualism (148). Maureen Duffy remarks: “Often in
fairy paintings the subject simply provides an excuse for painting the naked
female form” (291). But Rossetti <br>
objected to the depiction of naked fairies by her friend Gertrude Thomson, a “popular
illustrator of children’s books.” Rossetti suggested to Thomson that “perhaps
[. . .] women artists ought not to paint nudes” (Zaturenska 245). Rossetti also
refused to be caught up in the “fashionable seances” attended by her brothers,
Dante Gabriel and William Michael, in 1864 (Packer 212). <br>
Nevertheless, in poems such as <i>Goblin Market</i>, <i>The Prince’s Progress</i>,
and in her children’s books, <i>Sing-Song</i> (poetry, 1872) and <i>Speaking <span
class=GramE>Likenesses<span style='font-style:normal'>(</span></span></i>prose,
1874), she freely indulges in fantasy and fairy tale. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><i><span lang=EN-GB>Speaking
Likenesses</span></i><span lang=EN-GB> is
generally dismissed by those critics who bother to comment; and in fact
Rossetti herself called the volume “merely a Christmas trifle, would-be in the </span><i><span
lang=EN-GB>Alice</span></i><span
lang=EN-GB> style with an eye to the market”
(qtd. by Packer 305). Illustrated by Arthur Hughes, <i>Speaking Likenesses</i> contains three stories told by an “aunt” to several little girls. The first and
longest story is about Flora’s unhappy eighth birthday party from which she,
like </span><span lang=EN-GB>Alice</span><span lang=EN-GB>, escapes by falling asleep. Flora walks down a “yew alley” and enters
an enchanted house whose door knocker shakes hands with her and whose furniture
is alive, rather like the furniture in television’s <i>Pee-Wee’s Playhouse</i>.
The children in this Victorian fantasy playhouse come in shapes of quills,
angles, hooks, and slime. The games the children play, “Hunt the Pincushion”
and “Self-help,” as one critic points out, “reveal a deep fear of sexual
violence and a disturbing disrespect for humanity” (McGillis 227). “Hunt the
Pincushion” is described thus: </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Select
the smallest and weakest player (if possible let her be fat: a hump is best of
all), chase her round and round the room, overtaking her at short intervals,
and sticking pins into her here or there as it happens: repeat, till you choose
to catch and swing her; which concludes the game. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>The
narrating aunt adds: “Short cuts, yells, and sudden leaps give spirit to the
hunt” (<i>Speaking Likenesses</i> 33). </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>The
sexual connotations are clear, and the fact that the victim is female
accurately portrays the woman’s role in Victorian England so far as sex and
romance are concerned, but taken as a whole, Rossetti’s take-off on the </span><span
lang=EN-GB>Alice</span><span
lang=EN-GB> stories lacks the Carroll magic. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>The same
may be said for the other two stories. In the second story, the heroine is
Edith, whose task is to get a kettle boiling. She fails, even with the help of
a frog who can’t boil the kettle either. The final story takes place in winter,
unlike the previous two (the children, who carry on a running dialogue with the
storyteller, ask for a “winter story,” 70). Here Dame Margaret, owner of the “village
fancy shop” (71) sends her granddaughter, Maggie, on a Christmas Eve errand to
deliver “tapers” to a doctor’s large house (74). Excited at the chance of
seeing the doctor’s Christmas tree, Maggie slips on a piece of ice, and then
her adventures begin. She encounters scary children who want to play Hunt the
Pincushion and Self-help. In brackets, one of the aunt’s auditors, Ella, asks: “are
these those monstrous children over again?” And the aunt replies: “<span
class=GramE>Yes, Ella, you really can’t expect me not</span> to utilize such a
brilliant idea twice” (78-81). One suspects the real reason for the repetition
is a paucity of ideas. Maggie soon meets a horrid boy at whose heels “marched a
fat tabby cat” with a tabby kitten in her mouth (84). The boy’s face is all
mouth and teeth, and, reversing the sex roles of <i>Goblin Market</i>, he
demands of Maggie a piece of the chocolate she’s carrying to the doctor’s
house. Whereas in <i>Goblin Market</i> the male goblins tempt the females with
their fruit, here the female Maggie has the food the voracious male desires.
She successfully resists him. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>At the
doctor’s house, Maggie is not invited in to see the Christmas tree. However, on
her way home she rescues a wood-pigeon, a “small tabby kitten” (93), and a
puppy. They all arrive safely at Maggie’s grandmother’s house, where Maggie is
received with a “loving welcoming hug” (95). Archetypally, Maggie has a healthy
relationship with the positive and negative unconscious figures represented by
the images of the mouthy boy and the helpless animals. One is somehow reminded
of the Little Red Riding Hood story here, except that, of course, Granny is
really Granny when Maggie arrives home; and Maggie has, as it were, already
successfully encountered the menacing shadow/animus figure of the boy in the
dark of the cold winter forest, symbolic of the unconscious. Like Laura and
Lizzie, this child returns to the warmth and wholeness of a female world.
Nevertheless, <i>Speaking Likenesses</i> is more in Jung’s psychological mode
than in his visionary mode. It speaks as much of Rossetti’s personal psychology
as it speaks of the Victorian age, and perhaps that accounts for its relative
lack of popularity.<sup>10</sup> </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><i><span lang=EN-GB>Sing-Song</span></i><span
lang=EN-GB>, unlike <i>Speaking Likenesses</i>,
was not written “with an eye to the market,” yet it was one of Rossetti’s most
popular books, and remains so today. This fact suggests that, as is the case with <i>Goblin Market</i>, something in the book appeals to the collective psyche.
Although at the time of its publication <i>The Academy</i> reviewed it with
Carroll’s <i>Through the Looking Glass</i> and Lear’s <i>More Nonsense</i> (Packer 265), <i>Sing-Song</i> is hardly in the same category as these classics
in terms of originality and archetypal appeal. Still, it is a pleasant, albeit
often didactic, children’s book. There are precious few nonsense verses <i>à la</i> Lear, very little of the trickster archetype. Blake’s influence can be seen in
such poems as the one that begins “Dancing on the hill-tops/Singing in the
valleys” (<i>Poetical Works </i>434) with its echo of Blake’s “Piping down the
valleys wild.” But there is virtually none of Blake’s wildness and numinous
imagery. Rossetti shows a fondness for paradox (“A pin has a head, but has no
hair; /A clock has a face, but no mouth there [. . .]” 432), and she exhibits
an introverted attitude toward nature: </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>I have
but one rose in the world, <br>
<span class=GramE>And</span> my one rose stands a-drooping: <br>
Oh when my single rose is dead <br>
There’ll be but thorns for stooping. (437) </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Death, as
in her other poetry, is a frequent theme (fairly ironic in book for children). <br>
Yet she has joyful, fanciful verses such as: <br>
In the meadow—what in the meadow? <br>
Bluebells, buttercups, meadowsweet, <br>
<span class=GramE>And</span> fairy rings for the children’s feet <br>
In the meadow. (435) </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Motherless
and dead babies abound, reflecting not only contemporary reality but also a
deep psychic need for the growth and wholeness offered by these symbols (mother
and child) from the collective unconscious. The first edition, illustrated by
Arthur Hughes, begins and ends with pictures of mother and child. The
frontispiece shows them in an idyllic setting surrounded by sheep, birds,
ponies, and a rabbit. Angels look on from the tree whose base the mother sits
on, knitting, the baby in her lap.<sup>11</sup> There are examples, too, of
female threesomes such as we have in <i>Goblin Market</i> and poems like the
sonnet, “A Triad.” As we shall see, three is often a number of wholeness for
the female. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Another
motif in <i>Sing-Song </i>found frequently in Rossetti’s other poetry is that
of dreaming: “’I dreamt I caught a little owl/<span class=GramE>And</span> the
bird was blue---‘” (440). To find examples from Rossetti’s other work, one has
merely to glance at the Table of Contents from her <i>Complete <span
class=GramE>Poems<span style='font-style:normal'> :</span></span></i> “Dream-Land,”
“My Dream,” “Dream-Love,” for instance. Dreams are one of the chief sources of
archetypal images, and the motif appears as well in <i>Goblin <span
class=GramE>Market<span style='font-style:normal'> :</span></span></i> “Laura
awoke as from a dream” (<i>CP</i> I: 25). </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><i><span lang=EN-GB>Goblin
Market</span></i><span lang=EN-GB> is so well
known that a brief summary of the narrative seems almost superfluous. Two
sisters, Laura and Lizzie, who live in the country, are tempted by goblin men
to buy and eat their delicious, exotic fruits of many varieties. Although both
intuitively understand that to eat would be deleterious (they have the example,
too, of Jeanie, who died after eating the fruit), Laura succumbs to temptation
by purchasing the fruit one night (symbolic of the unconscious) with a lock of
her golden hair. Elisabeth G. Gitter has shown that for the Victorians golden
women’s hair had “powers both magical and symbolic,” connected to both “wealth
and female sexuality” (936). For Gitter, Laura’s bartering her hair for the
goblin fruit is obviously sexual (946). She gorges herself with great pleasure.
The imagery here is clearly sexual.<sup>12</sup> Laura </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span class=GramE><span lang=EN-GB>sucked</span></span><span lang=EN-GB> their fruit globes fair or red: <br>
Sweeter than honey from the rock. <br>
Stronger than man-rejoicing wine, <br>
Clearer than water flowed that juice; <br>
She never tasted such before, <br>
How should it cloy with length of use? <br>
She sucked and sucked and sucked the more <br>
Fruits which that unknown orchard bore; <br>
She sucked until her lips were sore. . . . (14) </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Laura is
so immersed in the <span class=GramE>unconscious,</span> she can’t tell if it
is “night or day. [. . .]” That the imagery suggests oral sex is appropriate
since this is a tale about female same-sex individuation. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"MS Sans Serif";
'><img border=0 width=252 height=225
src="source_files/image002.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025"></span><span
lang=EN-GB><br>
Fig. 2, drawing by D. G. Rossetti for the cover of <i>Goblin Market</i> <br>
<i>and Other Poems</i> (1862), his sister, Christina’s first book of poems. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Now Laura
can no longer hear the goblins call, though she addictively desires the fruit
and her sister Lizzie <i>does</i> hear the goblins.<sup>13</sup> Watching Laura
slowly die, Lizzie goes to the goblins to buy some fruit in order to provide
Laura with a cure. The goblins refuse to accept Lizzie’s penny. She must eat
the fruit herself. When she refuses, they attack her, smearing enough of the
fruit juices on her face that Laura, upon Lizzie’s pleading (“Eat me, drink me,
love me [. . .]”), eats the now bitter juice and thus recovers. At a first
reading, the “moral” of the tale, spoken by Laura, seems almost tacked on, not
unlike the “morals” of <i>The Rime of the Ancient Mariner</i> and <i>The
Picture of Dorian <span class=GramE>Gray<span style='font-style:normal'> :</span></span></i> </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>“For
there is no friend like a sister <br>
In calm or stormy weather; <br>
To cheer one on the tedious way, <br>
To fetch one if one goes astray, <br>
To lift one if one totters down, <br>
To strengthen whilst one stands.” (<i>CP</i> I: 26) </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Katherine
Mayberry feels the ending is necessary to “complete” Rossetti’s “definition of
her own poetics” (85). I have, however, another explanation. The closing
statement by Laura demonstrates what she’s learned about the salvific effects
of sisterly sacrifice and love. Together the two sisters have accomplished
their own individuation processes. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>That the
goblin men are archetypal images from the collective unconscious is clear from
their power over the sisters’ imaginations, especially over Laura’s. As the
noted Jungian psychologist James Hillman writes: “one thing is absolutely
essential to the notion of archetypes: their emotional possessive effect, their <i>bedazzlement</i> of consciousness so that it becomes blind to its own stance”
(24, my italics). <br>
”Bedazzlement” is the perfect word to describe the goblins’ effect after Laura
has eaten of their fruit. Both Laura and Lizzie apparently have superior
intuitive functions to begin with. They both intuit the dangers of eating
goblin fruit. Says Laura: </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>“We must
not look at goblin men, <br>
<span class=GramE>We</span> must not buy their fruits: <br>
Who knows upon what soil they fed <br>
Their hungry thirsty roots?” (12) </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Lizzie agrees:
“’Oh,’ cried Lizzie, ‘Laura, Laura<span class=GramE>,/</span>You should not
peep at goblin men’” (12). Yet, Eve-like, Laura cannot resist the sensuous
feast offered by “each merchant man,” described by Rossetti thus: </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>One had a
cat’s face, <br>
<span class=GramE>One</span> whisked a tail, <br>
One tramped at a rat’s pace, <br>
One crawled like a snail, <br>
One like a wombat prowled obtuse and furry, <br>
One like a ratel tumbled hurry skurry. (13) </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>One is
also “parrot-voiced and jolly” and “One whistled like a bird” (14). </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Although
the description seems harmless enough, for most are cuddly, pet-like,
androgynous animals such as Christina’s brother, Dante Gabriel, might have kept
(in fact did keep) in his private menagerie, these half-human/half-animal
creatures are Victorian equivalents of such classical tricksters as satyrs,
sileni, Pan, Priapus, Dionysus, Eros, and Hermes. The illustrations by Laurence
Housman (brother of A. E. Housman) make clear their menacing quality in the
edition published in 1893, the year before Rossetti’s death (see Fig. 3).<sup>14 </sup>The animal imagery Christina Rossetti uses is not that of goats (or
horses, also associated with sileni and centaurs), but their description
matches that of satyrs and sileni given by Catherine Johns: </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Both
species were rural spirits who, being half-animal, <br>
were able to behave in ways which would not have been <br>
acceptable for humans. In effect, they embody the animal <br>
side of human nature, seen as a separate quality. (82) </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>One of
the animals, Rossetti mentions, the cat, is actually a close companion of
Dionysus in the form of a panther, as well as of a tiger (Johns 84). One
trickster trait is the ability to change genders, and Pan, son of Hermes and a
companion of Dionysus, appears as both male and female in ancient art (44). Dionysus
too is an androgynous god, raised as a girl to protect him from Hera (Johnson
6). Like the other Greek and Roman figures I’ve cited, Pan is a highly sexual
being. He is often “depicted sexually accosting other deities, nymphs,
shepherds and shepherdesses” (Johns 48). </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"MS Sans Serif";
'><img border=0 width=163 height=306
src="source_files/image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1026"></span><span
lang=EN-GB><br>
<span class=GramE>Fig. 3, drawing by Laurence Housman for <br>
the 1893 edition of <i>Goblin Market.</i></span> </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Hermes,
the Greek trickster, has the “gift of guile in sexual seduction” (Brown 13-14).
Moreover, he is a guide, a “connection-maker,” as Rafael López-Pedraza writes,
an initiator “into the repressed unconscious nature” (7-8). Animals are part of
his archetypal imagery (16). Eros, the Greek god of love, by the Roman era had
become “a mischievous young boy, playing tricks on people and wounding them with
his arrows [. . .] Like so many important deities, he had a dark as well as a
light side; sexual passion can be a cruel and unrewarding experience” (Johns
54). Such is the case, at least initially, for Laura. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>All of
these mythological figures are associated with fertility. In fact, Priapus,
known for his enormous phallus, is often pictured with fruit, “to demonstrate
his function of ensuring the increase of crops” (Johns 50). Dionysus, of
course, is a fertility symbol <i>par excellence</i>. One of the many fruits
Rossetti cites in <i>Goblin Market</i>, the pomegranate, is associated with
him, for a pomegranate tree, itself a fertility symbol, “sprouted from the
earth where a drop of his blood had fallen” (Johnson 6).<sup>15</sup> Pan and
the satyrs are, as we know, closely connected to Dionysus. Indeed, the satyrs
taught Dionysus the glories of dance and ecstatic sex (Johnson 7). </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>After
eating the goblin fruit, Laura has become possessed, rather like a Victorian
maenad, by the images of the goblins, and “possession,” according to von Franz,
“means being assimilated by [. . .] numinous archetypal images” (<i>Shadow and
Evil</i> 128). Von Franz’s description of a similar possession in a South
American Indian folk tale describes Laura as well: she “has lost the instinct
of self-preservation” (129): “Her hair grew thin and gray; / She dwindled, as
the fair full moon doth turn / To swift decay and burn / Her fire away” (<i>CP</i> I: 18). The goblin men are, then, dual archetypes for the sisters. As
malevolent, furry creatures with ambivalent sexuality, they symbolize the
shadow; as male sexual creatures who represent unbridled fertility, sensuality,
and sexuality, they are the negative animus for the two sisters. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Yet there
is something positive they offer. They offer an approach to the inferior functions
of both sisters. As intuitive types, their inferior function is sensation. If
they can avoid being overwhelmed by this function and the archetypes from which
it springs, they can gain <span class=GramE>a wholeness</span> hitherto unknown
to them. Laura has been pathologically overwhelmed. She has become addicted, as
it were, to the sensual, sexual experience offered by the goblins<span
class=GramE>,<sup>16</sup></span> and she has immediately reached the stage
that for most addicts comes much later—the stage in which the addictive
substance no longer “works,” no longer provides the desired high. Instead, it
threatens to kill her. Sometimes the cure for addiction (including alcoholism)
starts with a last dose of the substance to help the addict through withdrawal.
Lizzie intuitively understands this. Jung has stated, in a letter to one of the
founders of Alcoholics Anonymous, William G. Wilson, that the alcoholic’s </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>craving
for alcohol [. . . is] the equivalent on a low level of the spiritual thirst of
our being for wholeness, expressed in medieval language: the union with God [.
. .] alcohol in Latin is <i>spiritus</i> and you use the same word for the
highest religious experience as well as for the most depraving poison. (<i>Selected
Letters</i> 198) </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>The “cure”
for alcoholism is the same cure Laura needs: a spiritual experience, <span
class=GramE>a redemption</span> in short. (That Dionysus is the god of wine is
worth noting here; the goblin fruit is said to be “Stronger than man-rejoicing
wine,” 14.) This redemption is not possible till she reaches a “bottom” such as
addicts and alcoholics must reach before recovery. Once she has experienced the
depths, Laura is ready for the “salvation” Lizzie offers. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span class=GramE><span lang=EN-GB>Lizzie, however, to complete her own, less drastic, individuation
process, most also experience the shadow and negative animus.</span></span><span
lang=EN-GB> She has developed enough of the
rational, thinking function to attempt to bargain with the goblin men by
offering them money. They will have none of this, so they attempt to rape her: </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>They trod
and hustled her, <br>
Elbowed and jostled her, <br>
Clawed with their nails, <br>
Barking, mewing, hissing, mocking, <br>
Tore her gown and soiled her stocking, <br>
Twitched her hair out by the roots, <br>
Stamped upon her tender feet, <br>
Held her hands and squeezed their fruits <br>
Against her mouth to make her eat. (21) </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Lizzie
resists, “like a lily in a flood [. . .] like a beacon left alone / In a hoary
roaring sea, / Sending up a golden fire<span class=GramE>,--</span> / Like a
fruit-crowned orange-tree / White with blossoms honey-sweet / Sore beset by
wasp and bee,--“ She is also compared to “a royal virgin town / Topped with
gilded dome and spire / Close beleaguered by a fleet / Made to tug her standard
down” (22). </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>While
many of the images are those of the female (the “lily” or “dome,” for example)
besieged by the ravenous male, some are those of the male (the “beacon” or the “spire”)
threatened by the devouring female. The psychological point is that Lizzie must
experience the negative sides of both the female (the shadow) and the male (the
animus) before she can be whole enough to rescue Laura. She must also absorb
the positive sexual and creative energy represented by the chthonic goblins. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>The
imagery Rossetti uses here is both religious and sexual.<sup>17</sup> Lizzie
says to Laura: </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>“Hug me,
kiss me, suck my juices <br>
Squeezed from goblin fruits for you, <br>
Goblin pulp and goblin dew. <br>
Eat me, drink me, love me; <br>
Laura, make much of me: <br>
For your sake I have braved the glen <br>
<span class=GramE>And</span> had to do with goblin merchant men.” (23) </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Laura
heeds Lizzie: </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>She clung
about her sister, <br>
<span class=GramE>Kissed</span> and kissed and kissed her: <br>
Tears once again <br>
Refreshed her shrunken eyes, <br>
Dropping like rain <br>
After long sultry drouth; <br>
Shaking with aguish fear, and pain, <br>
She kissed and kissed her with a hungry mouth. (24) </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Rossetti
describes and prescribes the same kind of same-sex union Plato proposes in the
mouth of Aristophanes in the <i>Symposium</i>. Earlier Rossetti had shown the
two sisters as two halves of the same whole: </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Golden
head by golden head, <br>
Like two pigeons in one nest, <br>
Folded in each other’s wings, <br>
They lay down in their curtained bed: <br>
Like two blossoms on one stem, <br>
Like two flakes of new-fall’n snow, <br>
Like two wands of ivory [. . .] (16; see fig. 2) </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>William
Rossetti has attested to the fact that Plato was among Christina’s favorite
authors: “she read his <i>Dialogues</i> over and over again” (<i>PW</i> lxx);
yet the idea that she would consciously depict lesbian love as a means to
wholeness and redemption is of course out of the question. Nevertheless, she
may have unconsciously depicted the union of the two primal female halves “each
desiring his other half” (Plato 335) like the primal male-male and male-female
human beings in Plato’s myth. Not surprisingly, Plato uses traditionally
Western symbolism for these primal sexes: “the man was originally the child of
the sun, the woman of the earth, and the man-woman of the moon, which is made
up of sun and earth” (335). Laura and Lizzie have each assimilated and
accommodated the contrasexual as well as developed their inferior sensation
functions and thus found <i>in </i>themselves their own individual Selves,
which include vital connections to the earth, as well as motherhood and
creativity. Lizzie demonstrates creativity in her dramatic rescue of Laura, who
becomes an artist, a storyteller. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>If any
further evidence is required to demonstrate <i>Goblin Market </i>is a poem
about female psychic integration, one need only examine Rossetti’s conscious
and unconscious use of the numbers three and four. As I have indicated, there
are three females in the poem: Laura, Lizzie, and the late Jeanie. The “plot,”
Katharine Briggs observes, “is a variant of three main fairy themes: the danger
of peeping at the fairies, the taboo against eating fairy food, and the rescue
from Fairyland” (193). Now, although the number four is generally the number of
wholeness in Jungian thought, the number three, when it appears in its “threefold
aspect as maiden, mother, and Hecate [. . . the Kore figure, in short] has her
psychological counterpart,” Jung writes, “in those archetypes which I have
called the <i>self</i> or <i>supraordinate personality</i> on the one hand, and
the <i>anima</i> on the other” (“Psychological Aspects of the Kore” 182). The
myth of Demeter and her daughter Persephone (also called Kore), who is abducted
by Hades and must spend a third of the year with him in the underworld after
having eaten a pomegranate seed, is well known. Here we have another set of
three, three mythological seasons as opposed to the usual four. Demeter, the
mother, is also Hecate, the moon goddess (see Kerényi 109-120), the female
shadow, and with Persephone she makes a whole female Self. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>The
tripartite female is clearly portrayed in <i>Goblin Market</i>. All three women—Laura,
Lizzie, and Jeanie—are maidens. Jeanie, a victim of the shadow (the goblins and
their fruit are both male and female, as we have seen), never realizes the
Self. Laura and Lizzie, on the other hand, experience, as I have demonstrated,
the archetypal shadow, both personal and collective. Each in different measure
experiences the “forbidden fruit” of sexual knowledge, albeit Lizzie never
indulges fully as does her sister. By the end of the poem, both have become
mothers: “wives / <span class=GramE>With</span> children” (<i>CP</i> I: 25).
Some of the numinous power of their experience lingers as Laura tells her “little
ones” of “her early prime, / Those pleasant days long <span class=GramE>gone .</span> [. . .]” As more than one critic has observed, she has become an artist, a
storyteller, and she tells the story of “the haunted glen, / <span class=GramE>The</span> wicked, quaint fruit-merchant men, / Their fruits like honey to the throat /
But poison in the blood [. . .]” (25). She looks back with a mixture of
nostalgia and regret, with feeling, in other words. Her final aphorism: “There
is no friend like a sister” (26), shows that she’s developed the thinking
function (already developed, as we’ve seen, in Lizzie). The most developed or “differentiated,”
to use the technical term, function for both sisters has been the traditionally
“feminine” intuition function. Of the inferior function (sensation for Laura
and Lizzie), Jung writes: “Because of its contamination with the collective
unconscious, it possesses archaic and mystical qualities, and is the complete
opposite of the most differentiated function” (“A Psychological Approach to the
Trinity” 121). Here the problem of the fourth is solved, for the sisters have,
at least to some degree, developed all four functions of consciousness. The
sensation function continues to be the weakest, but it has opened the door to
individuation for both sisters, the equivalent of a “mystical” experience. When
Laura awakens from her near-death nightmare, her hair is no longer gray, “Her
breath was sweet as May / <span class=GramE>And</span> light danced in her eyes”
(25). </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Although
the sisters have married, their husbands play no part in the poem; they are
neither seen nor named. Laura and Lizzie’s most important relationship has been
with each other. And it is clearly an erotic relationship that has brought them
peace and psychic integration. Von Franz believes that Jung, in his <i>Memories,
Dreams, <span class=GramE>Reflections<span style='font-style:normal'> ,</span></span></i> implies “that a preconscious spiritual order lies at the base of all love
relationships” (<i>Number and Time</i> 293), and she speaks of “an all-uniting
Eros” (292). It is, then, the archetype of love which has transformed the lives
of both Laura and Lizzie in Christina Rossetti’s finest poem. </span></p>
<h2><sup><span lang=EN-GB>Notes</span></sup></h2>
<p class=MsoBodyText><sup><span lang=EN-GB>1</span></sup><span
lang=EN-GB>Sandra M. Gilbert and Susan Gubar
note, for instance, that <i>Goblin Market</i> “has recently begun to be
something of a textual crux for feminist critics” (566). See Katherine J.
Mayberry (16). Also, Jan Marsh’s biography, <i>Christina Rossetti</i>, has
recently appeared. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><sup><span lang=EN-GB>2</span></sup><span
lang=EN-GB>Here I disagree with some critics.
Elizabeth Jennings, for instance, declares that “<i>Goblin Market</i>, though
it is often set before children at school it is not, to my idea, a poem for
young people at all; it is an adult, short epic which happens to make use of
fairies and goblins” (10). </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><sup><span lang=EN-GB>3</span></sup><span
lang=EN-GB>It is true that <i>Goblin Market</i> was dedicated to Maria Francesca Rossetti. The best William Michael could come
up with by way of explanation was the following: “apparently C. [Christina]
considered herself to be chargeable with some sort of spiritual backsliding,
against which Maria’s influence had been exerted beneficially” (qtd. by Packer
150). No one has been able definitively to establish exactly what Christina
might have owed to her sister Maria, who did indeed seem to have a firmer faith
and who near the end of her life became an Anglican nun (Packer 304-305). </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><sup><span lang=EN-GB>4</span></sup><span
lang=EN-GB>Christina Rossetti herself was, not
surprisingly, a prude. William Michael Rossetti writes that she was “barely
eighteen” when she gave up theater of any kind: “not perhaps that she
considered plays and operas to be in themselves iniquitous, but rather that the
moral tone of vocalists, actors, and actresses is understood to be lax, and it
behoves a Christian not to contribute to the encouragement of lax moralists” (<i>Poetical
Works</i> lxvi). She was, on the other hand, extremely tolerant of those, like
her brother Dante Gabriel and Algernon Charles Swinburne, whose life styles she
disapproved of. “Judge not, that ye be not judged” was the “precept of the
Christian religion” she lived by (ibid. lxvii). Despite her tolerance for her
relations and friends, she privately expurgated her own copy of Swinburne’s <i>Atalanta
in Calydon</i> by pasting “strips of paper over the lines in the atheistic
chorus” (Packer 353). </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><sup><span lang=EN-GB>5</span></sup><span
lang=EN-GB>I owe this idea to my colleague at </span><span
lang=EN-GB>California</span><span
lang=EN-GB> </span><span
lang=EN-GB>State</span><span
lang=EN-GB> </span><span
lang=EN-GB>University</span><span
lang=EN-GB>, </span><span
lang=EN-GB>Long Beach</span><span
lang=EN-GB>, <span class=GramE>Donald</span> J.
Weinstock. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><sup><span lang=EN-GB>6</span></sup><span
lang=EN-GB>In addition to <i>Goblin Market</i> itself, a famous exception is “A Birthday,” of which the first stanza goes: </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>My heart
is like a singing bird <br>
Whose nest is in a watered shoot; <br>
My heart is like an apple tree <br>
Whose boughs are bent with thickset fruit; <br>
My heart is like a rainbow shell <br>
That paddles in a halcyon sea; <br>
My heart is gladder than all these <br>
Because my love is come to me. (<i>CP</i> I: 36). </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><sup><span lang=EN-GB>7</span></sup><span
lang=EN-GB>Jerome J. McGann observes that for
Rossetti “Erotic love must either be renounced altogether—an unimaginable
project in itself—or it must be translated into forms of desire which are
equally unimaginable or unspeakable” (14). </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><sup><span lang=EN-GB>8</span></sup><span
lang=EN-GB>I refer here to Jung’s theory of the
four functions of consciousness. Thinking and feeling are rational responses to
the world, the first through one’s intellect, the second through the
unconscious. Feeling relates to values. Intuition and sensation are irrational
functions. They perceive either through the unconscious (intuition) or through
the conscious (sensation). See Snider 12-14. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><sup><span lang=EN-GB>9</span></sup><span
lang=EN-GB>As a practicing poet, I have been on
both sides of this issue. I must say, though, that my best work has never been
deliberately willed; rather, it has come from an inner impetus that is largely
outside my conscious control. Examples of suffering artists are far too
numerable to mention, and, although I do not believe in the Freudian theory of
sublimation, I do believe that some kind of psychic tension is necessary to
produce lasting art. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><sup><span lang=EN-GB>10</span></sup><span
lang=EN-GB>Perhaps the most striking archetypal
image in the book is Arthur Hughes’s illustration for the “Apple of Discord”
which the children at Flora’s birthday party fight over. The Apple is depicted
as a pointy-eared, bare-breasted, medusa-like woman with snakes in her long
Pre-Raphaelite hair. A scowl on her face, an apple in her right hand, and a
long dagger in her sash, she towers threateningly over the children (11). </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><sup><span lang=EN-GB>11</span></sup><i><span
lang=EN-GB>Sing-Song </span></i><span
lang=EN-GB>i. Rossetti herself approved of
Hughes’s drawings. She wrote to her brother, Dante Gabriel: </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>What a
charming design is the ring of elfs [sic] producing the <br>
fairy ring—also the apple tree casting the apples—also <br>
the three dancing girls with the angel—kissing one-- <br>
also I liked the crow-soaked grey stared at by his <br>
peers. (<span class=GramE>qtd</span>. by Zaturenska 195) </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><span lang=EN-GB>Notice
the “fairy ring” (the verse is quoted above), another symbol, like the mother
and child, for wholeness. The “three dancing girls” refers to the poem that
begins: “Sing me a song--/<span class=GramE>What</span> shall I sing?--/Three
merry sisters/Dancing in a ring [. . .]” (<i>Sing-Song</i> 73), an example of a
set of three females (with a fourth, the angel, making a whole) and a mandala—the
ring. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><sup><span lang=EN-GB>12</span></sup><span
lang=EN-GB>Marsh has a fairly balanced, albeit
incomplete, discussion of the sexual imagery in <i>Goblin Market</i>. She
concludes that “at some level . . . the sexual dimension was intentional. [. .
. but] her deployment of erotic feeling in <i>Goblin Market</i> was [. . .]
largely unconscious, derived from childish memories of sensual desire and
perhaps other arousals” (234). </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><sup><span lang=EN-GB>13</span></sup><span
lang=EN-GB>Ellen </span><span
lang=EN-GB>Moers</span><span
lang=EN-GB> has made a similar observation: “Gorged
on goblin fruit, Laura craves with all the symptoms of addiction for another
feast, but craves in vain, for the goblins’ sinister magic makes their victims
incapable of hearing the fruit-selling cry a second time.” For </span><span
lang=EN-GB>Moers</span><span
lang=EN-GB>, “’Suck’ is the central verb of <i>Goblin
Market</i>; sucking with mixed lust and pain is, among the poem’s
Pre-Raphaelite profusion of colors and tastes, the particular sensation carried
to an extreme that must be called perverse.” </span><span
lang=EN-GB>Moers</span><span
lang=EN-GB> concludes “that Christina Rossetti
wrote a poem, as Emily Brontë wrote a novel, about the erotic life of children”
(102). </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><sup><span lang=EN-GB>14</span></sup><span
lang=EN-GB>In the more famous illustrations by
Christina’s brother Dante Gabriel, the goblins are also menacing creatures, but
the picture of Laura and Lizzie lying down and embracing asleep is the more
remarkable for what it reveals about their relationship (see Fig. 2). An
edition with color illustrations by George Gershinowitz published in 1981
emphasizes the human, sensual side of the goblins, as well as their menacing
quality. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><sup><span lang=EN-GB>15</span></sup><span
lang=EN-GB>Winston Weathers also sees a
symbolic connection with the goblins and Dionysus, referring to “the deep,
archetypal, even primordial freedom” he represents, at least in the paradigm
posited by Nietzsche (83). </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><sup><span lang=EN-GB>16</span></sup><span
lang=EN-GB>In her brief Jungian analysis of <i>Goblin
Market</i>, Gwen Mountford too sees the “fatal fruit” as “addiction.” For
Mountford, the poem is about “animus taking over in the field of a woman’s
sensuality” (68). Mountford, who also analyzes Virginia Woolf’s </span><span
class=GramE><i><span lang=EN-GB>Orlando</span></i></span><span
class=GramE><span lang=EN-GB> ,</span></span><span
lang=EN-GB> is heterosexist, as well as
shallow, in her interpretations. She totally ignores the symbolism of same-sex
love in both Rossetti and Woolf. </span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyText><sup><span lang=EN-GB>17</span></sup><span
lang=EN-GB>Rod Edmond comments: “The fusion of
eucharistic and sexual language in this scene makes it one of the most powerful
in the <span class=GramE>poem,</span> and it dominates the final sections”
(185). </span></p>
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A seventh grade teacher can leverage the intuitive assessment management functionality to deliver practice tests and assess student progress.
[source: http://www.blackboard.com/k12_old/ls/index.htm]
The company - this leading global professional services organisation is passionately embracing change and as a result is actively recruiting talented professionals to drive forward the business. They have a number of values they are driving through the various business regions and they are seeking a new individual to help them bring these values to life. The role - the Knowledge Manager role is an exciting opportunity in a change oriented, forward thinking environment where the emphasis is very much on continuous improvement. - It combines the opportunity to help drive forward new projects and initiatives with the need to maintain, manage and improve the quality of systems and knowledge on an ongoing basis. - Working with the Group Leaders, you will proactively align knowledge content initiatives and activities to directly support the practice's overall strategy, therefore ensuring that professionals have access to the knowledge content they require to do their jobs.
Global ICT issues have to be address collectively within a structure that clearly defines responsibility and accountability. There are not many areas ICT does not touch across the curriculum and the dependency on ICT will increase over time. Hi Tech work closely with a number of LEA’s to assist with long term strategy and roll-out programs.
Any strategy should not loose focus on the business of delivering education and this can easily be divided into “back office” and “front office” criteria. The “back office” is what we deem as technical development to meet the needs of the “front office” which is the curriculum demands. In schools that Hi Tech support, we have a position of control/management to ensure the technical position is always in front of any curriculum demands. This is providing the funds are available to meet these needs hence the requirement for projections and regular development meetings with Technical, Management and Curriculum staff.
[source: http://hi-tech-group.hostinguk.com/edu_ict.htm]
“Validation” can take many forms, but the strongest form involves developing multiple sets of data that, together, provide a pattern of consistent support for the use of a test or other measure. Polaris Assessment Systems utilizes proprietary job analytic techniques to supply one part of that pattern. Its reliance on the use of testing approaches that the professional literature shows to be predictive of job success provides a second source of support.
[source: http://www.polaristest.com/validoc.aspx]
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!Bulgur wheat
http://www.wikihow.com/Cook-Bulgur
Thanks to everyone who responded to our email on Monday with suggestions for great questions to ask at an interview
What’s the best thing about working at your company?
Why has the position become available?
What can I expect from you in terms of development, support and motivation?
Has this role been offered internally?
What is the possibility of promotion within the company?
What type of prospects does this role offer?
If I was offered the job, what are the main monitors for success?
What does the organisation expect from its employees?
What behaviour is desired and rewarded (not financially) in this position?
What is the turnover of staff like throughout the company?
What elements of the job offer flexibility and variety?
I do like a challenge; does this role involve me being in a status where I can use my initiative?
What influence will I have over the size of budget and how it is managed?
What aspirations do you have for me with this department?
Where would you like to see me within the company in five years?
Where will the job I am applying for fit into the team?
In the department I would be entering, what is the age group?
What do you think would attract me to accept this position, if I am to be the successful candidate?
Are there any plans to expand the company?
Why did you join the company and what are your long term goals?
What is your management style like?
Have you seen much growth since you were bought out by XXX?
+++[Guides to Greece]
Beach resorts - http://www.worldtravelguide.net/beach_resort/7/beach_resorts/Europe.html#grc
===
https://www.wickes.co.uk/how-to-guides/home-maintenance/repair-guttering
+++[Sites and Services]
|The British Haemorrhoid Centre|http://www.halocentre.com/|
|Relief|http://www.hemorrhoids-relief-guide.com/|
===
!Natural Remedies
*horse chestnut (which is known for its effect in reducing haemmeroid swelling)
*apple cider vinegar
A good idea for stopping bleeding hemmoroids is to use a few tea spoons of apple cider vinegar and to mix it with plain water in a large glass. Drink this mixture together with every meal - this is a well known way of treating hemroids.
*High Fibre Diet
Another very good idea is to try and avoid constipation, which is best done by introducing a diet of high fiber content, known as a hemroid diet. This consists of mostly whole grain produce such as fruit and vegetables. It is also vital to try and make your stool softer and improve the natural bulking by taking in large amounts of water, best is to drink up to seven glasses of water per day. With the help of this you will minimize the toilet straining and this trick is also helpful in performing bowel movements when not stressed. Using home remedies for hemmroids can also be good.
*Cayenne and Cranberry
Mix a glass of water with a half teaspoon of cayenne, this here old trick has been known for long to stop bleeding hemmroids and using the trick for a couple of days, your hemmroids might disappear. After the first time, keep on with the cure about 1-2 treatments per week to keep the hemroids away. Using this method, you will wipe out hemriods and prevent them *recurring. Cayenne also has some good effects on the bloodflow. Adding to this, by using a diet with Cranberry can also be a very good cure.
!NHS Remedies
http://www.surginet.org.uk/patients/pph.php
*Banding
*open haemorrhoidectomy - very painful
*stapled haemorrhoidectomy - less painful
*Sclerotherapy--A chemical solution is injected around the blood vessel to shrink the haemorrhoid
*Infrared coagulation. A special device is used to burn hemorrhoidal tissue.
*Hemorrhoidal arterial ligation - Doppler Transducer guided ligation
Or Hemorrhoidal artery ligation (HALO)- http://www.halocentre.com/whatishalo.html
!Food cure
*Figs are highest of all dried fruits followed by apricots and dates
*Prunes can also be good for you as they have a certain laxative effect and provides some softening of stool.
*Flaxmeal can be helpful as well, one teaspoon and seven ounces of juice adds much fiber and also some of the very important fatty acids. These are essential in helping you to avoid constipation.
*Don't forget to drink many glasses of pure water, or even distilled water.
*C-vitamin is also a healthy additive, use to 1 gramme a number of times every day - this will assist you well.
*Vitamin E
Oral supplementation with Aesculus hippocastanum, Ruscus aculeatus, Centella asiatica, Hamamelis virginiana, and bioflavonoids may prevent time-consuming, painful, and expensive complications of varicose veins and hemorrhoids.
!From the Chemist
*stool softener or a fiber supplement such as psyllium (Metamucil) or methylcellulose(Citrucel)
*Tucks suppositories
https://www.boots.com/en/Boots-Haemorrhoid-relief-suppositories-24-suppositories_1229332/
https://www.boots.com/en/Germoloids-Suppositories-24-suppositories_1850/
https://www.boots.com/en/HemorRite-Cryotherapy-Device_1549520/
!Alternative Medicine
*Hamamelis 6
*Self-heal herb
*Calc. phos. 6 - Piles which bleed and itch
*PILEWORT
*Rutin
!Alternative Medical
http://www.ultroid.com/
!Unproven or Hearsay
*Baby powder - external piles
*Vitamin E
!Shampoos
http://beautyeditor.ca/2014/03/13/clarifying-shampoo
!Grey hair
http://www.naturalhealthmagazine.co.uk/holistic-living/holistic-beauty-natural-ways-to-banish-grey-hair
!Retouch sprays and powders
L'Oreal Magic Retouch
Schwarzkopf Coloriste Root Retoucher
!No PPDS
http://eluxemagazine.com/beauty/10-of-the-best-natural-hair-dyes/
!!Semi-permanent
[[Surya Henna Brasil Cream Dark Brown|http://www.suryabrasilproducts.com/collections/henna-cream/products/henna-hair-color-cream-dark-brown]]
Ingredients: Aqua, Propanediol, Cetearyl Alcohol, Cetrimonium Chloride, HC Blue N° 2, Dehydroacetic Acid, Benzyl Alcohol, Sorbitol, Orbignya Oleifera Seed Oil, Tocopherol, Hydroxyethylcellulose, HC Yellow N° 4, Disperse Black 9, Sodium Phytate, HC Red N° 3, Achillea Millefolium Extract (Aquiléia), Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Extract (Aloe Vera), Arnica Montana Flower Extract (Arnica), Bertholletia Excelsa Seed Extract (Brazil Nut), Corylus Avellana Seed Extract (Hazelnut), Daucus Carota Sativa Root Extract (Carrot), Euterpe Oleracea Fruit Extract (Açaí), Genipa Americana Fruit Extract (Jenipapo), Lawsonia Inermis Leaf Extract (Henna), Malpighia Glabra Fruit Extract (Acerola), Malva Sylvestris Leaf Extract (Malva), Paullinia Cupana Seed Extract (Guaraná), Phyllanthus Emblica Extract (Amla), Zizyphus Joazeiro Bark Extract (Juá), Chamomilla Recutita Flower Extract (Camomile), Aminomethyl Propanol, Disperse Violet 1, 4-Amino-3-Nitrophenol.
----
https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredient/701893/DEHYDROACETIC_ACID/
https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredient/703059/HYDROXYETHYLCELLULOSE/
https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredient/723043/PROPANEDIOL/
https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredient/723889/SODIUM_PHYTATE/
https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredient/700348/AMINOMETHYL_PROPANOL/
https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredient/716215/4-AMINO-3-NITROPHENOL/
BLACK:
Ingredients: Aqua, Propanediol, Cetearyl Alcohol, Cetrimonium Chloride, HC Blue N° 2, Dehydroacetic Acid, Benzyl Alcohol, Sorbitol, Orbignya Oleifera Seed Oil, Tocopherol, Hydroxyethylcellulose, Disperse Black 9, Disperse Violet 1, HC Yellow N° 4, Sodium Phytate, Achillea Millefolium Extract (Aquiléia), Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Extract (Aloe Vera), Arnica Montana Flower Extract (Arnica), Bertholletia Excelsa Seed Extract (Brazil Nut), Corylus Avellana Seed Extract (Hazelnut), Daucus Carota Sativa Root Extract (Carrot), Euterpe Oleracea Fruit Extract (Açaí), Genipa Americana Fruit Extract (Jenipapo), Lawsonia Inermis Leaf Extract (Henna), Malpighia Glabra Fruit Extract (Acerola), Malva Sylvestris Leaf Extract (Malva), Paullinia Cupana Seed Extract (Guaraná), Phyllanthus Emblica Extract (Amla), Zizyphus Joazeiro Bark Extract (Juá), Chamomilla Recutita Flower Extract (Camomile), Aminomethyl Propanol, HC Red N° 3.
----
[[Logona Henna Black|http://logona-cosmetics.co.uk//home/logona/hair-/natural-hair-dyes/henna-black-intense-herbal-hair-color/596-henna-black-intense-herbal-hair-color.html#]]
Indigofera Tinctoria (Indigo) Leaf Powder, Lawsonia Inermis (Henna) Leaf Extract*, Acacia Concinna Fruit Powder*, Emblica Officinalis Fruit Powder*
[[Lush Caca Noir|http://www.lushusa.com/hair/henna-hair-dyes/caca-noir/00683.html#pr-header-back-to-top-link]]
Indigo Herb (Fera Tinctoria) , Fair Trade Organic Cocoa Butter (Theobroma Cacao) , Red Henna (Lawsonia inermis) , Irish Moss Powder (Chondrus crispus) , Clove Bud Oil (Eugenia caryophyllus) , *Citral , *Eugenol , *Geraniol , *Citronellol , *Limonene , *Linalool , Fragrance
[[NaturVital Organic Semi Permanent|http://naturvital.co.uk/buy/ppd-free-natural-hair-dye-colour/semi-permanent-organic-hair-dye-colour/organic-semi-permanent-black-hair-colour/]]
[[Tierra Colorganic Color Mud|http://www.fuente.nl/uk/news/fuente-colorganic-color-mud]]
[[L'Oreal Symbio & Chromative|L'Oreal Symbio & Chromative ]]
[[Herbal Time colouring cream|http://www.rosaimpex.com/en/content/colouring-cream-henna-extract-herbal-time?tid=88]]
[[Tints of nature|http://www.tintsofnature.com/black-semi-permanent]]
[[Saach Organics Soft Black Natural Hair Colour £11|http://www.saachorganics.com/product/saach-organics-soft-black-natural-hair-colour/]]
Indigo Leaf Powder, Indigo Extract , Natural Henna, Emblica Officinalis, Accacia Concinna , Eclipta Alba, Rubia Cordifolia, Alkaline Tinctoria
*Permanent - [[NaturVital ColourSafe|http://naturvital.co.uk/buy/ppd-free-natural-hair-dye-colour/coloursafe-no-ammonia-ppd-free-hair-colour/coloursafe-ppd-free-black-colour-no-1-hair-dye/]]
[[Naturigin brown|http://www.naturigin.com/natural-hair-dye/brown-4-0/]]
aqua/water, sodium coco-sulfate, ethanolamine, myristyl alcohol, cocamidemipa, cocamide mea, cetearyl alcohol, cocamidopropyl betaine, oleth-20, propylene glycol, tetrasodium edta, sodiumsulfite, p-phenylenediamine, 4-chlororesorcinol, parfum/ fragrance, triticum vulgare bran extract, simmondsia chinensis(jojoba) seed oil, m-aminophenol, ascorbic acid, erythorbic acid, ethoxydiglycol, vitis vinifera seed oil, butyrospermumparkii (shea tree) butter extract, 2-amino-4-hydroxyethylaminoanisole sulfate, aloe barbadensisleaf extract, 2-methylresorcinol, 4-amino-2-hydroxytoluene, toluene-2,5-diamine sulfate, hydrolyzed soyprotein, prunus persica kernel oil, prunus armeniaca kernel oil, citrus medica limonum (lemon) peel extract*,citrus grandis (grape fruit) peel oil, citrus aurantium dulcis (orange) peel oil*ACTIVATOR/AKTIVATOR/AKTIVAATTORI: aqua/water, hydrogen peroxide, cetearyl alcohol, paraffinumliquidum (mineral oil), peg-20 hydrogenated lanolin, lanolin alcohol, ceteareth-20,glycerin, phosphoric acid, tetrasodium edta, disodium pyrophosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate,etidronic acid, sodium stannate, oxyquinoline sulfate
[[Biokap Nutricolor|https://www.biosline.it/en/prodotti/biokap-nutricolor-tinta-2/]]
[[Biokap Nutricolor Delicate|https://www.biosline.it/en/prodotti/biokap-nutricolor-tinta-delicato-2/]]
Ingredients: Nutricolor Delicato Hair Color Cream: Aqua/water, stearic acid, lauramide MEA, ethanolamine, cetearyl alcohol, toulene-2,5-diamine, sulfate, glyceryl stearate, palmitic acid, glycerin, argania spinosa (kernel) oil*, hydrolyzed rice protein, hydrolyzed soy protein, hydrolyzed oats, myristyl alcohol, bis-dilyceryl polyacyladipate-2, ascorbic acid, salix alba (willow) bark extract, TRI-C14-15 alkyl citrate, C12-13 alkyl lactate, sodium gluconate, tridecyl salicylate, propylene glycol, sodium hydrosulfite, p-aminophenol 1-naphthol, oxyquinoline sulfate, 4-chloropresorcinol, 2-methylresorcinol, 2,4-diaminophenoxyethanol HCI, 4-amino-2-hydroxytoluene, m-aminophenol.
Color Revealer Nutrifix Emulsion: Aqua/water,hydrogen peroxide, cetearyl alcohol, hexyldecyl, laurate, hexyldecanol, ceteareth-20, laureth-3, etidronic acid, oxyqinoline sulfate. Contains hydrogen peroxide.
After Dye Conditioning Shampoo: Aqua/water, cetearyl alcohol, decyl glucoside, glycerin, behenyl alcohol, hydrolyzed rice protein, panicum miliaceum (millet) seed extract, rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) leaf extract, salix alba (willow) bark extract, DI-C12-13 alkyl malate, C12-13 alkyl lactate, cetrimonium chloride, tridecyl salicylate, propylene glycol, phenetyl alcohol, caprylyl glycol, sodium gluconate, citric acid, ceteareth-20, eucalyptus leaf oil, polyquaternium-47.
!Henna
http://www.beautiliciousdelights.com/blogs/news/19101851-lhenne-lawsonia-inermis-e-le-tinte-naturali-19-cose-da-sapere-prima-di-colorarti-i-capelli
!chemicals in hair dye
https://www.choice.com.au/health-and-body/beauty-and-personal-care/hair-care-and-removal/articles/chemicals-in-hair-dye
http://corneliadum.com/wpen/teintures-pour-les-cheveux/
hydroxyethyl-p-phenylenediamine sulfate - less allergenic than ppd
----
http://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/cetrimonium-chloride
http://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/ceteareth-25
http://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/amodimethicone
http://www.whatsinsidescjohnson.com/us/en/ingredients/c11_15_pareth_7
http://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/laureth-9
http://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/trideceth-12
https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredient/705107/POLYQUATERNIUM-22/
http://www.goodguide.com/ingredients/209382-cetyl-triethylmonium-dimethicone-peg-ingredient-information-reviews
http://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredient/propylene-glycol
http://www.thepoisongarden.co.uk/atoz/urtica_dioica.htm
http://thenakedchemist.com/what-is-urea-and-its-benefits-in-skincare/
http://www.skinsmatter.com/blog/?p=78
http://www.dermnetnz.org/topics/methylisothiazolinone-allergy/
https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredient/701923/DIAZOLIDINYL_UREA_(FORMALDEHYDE_RELEASER)/
!Forums
http://www.network54.com/Forum/603111
!Hairdressers
http://hairdressers-near-me.lorealprofessionnel.co.uk/search?country=en&query=newcastle&55event=salonLocator&55locationInPage=ProductPage+summary
!shops
http://theasiancookshop.co.uk/health--beauty-137-c.asp
http://www.spicesofindia.co.uk/acatalog/Herbal-Hair-Powder.html
! Androgenetic alopecia - Male pattern baldness
http://www.belgraviacentre.com/
http://www.hairloss-research.org/index.html
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-1218367/Battling-baldness-The-potions-really-work.html
!!Laser Treatments
7 Red 660 Nanometre Energy Diodes stimulate the deepest parts of hair follicles
7 Blue 470 Nanometre Energy Diodes regenerates surface of the hair follicle
http://hairmaxlasercombreviews.com/laser-comb-information/laser-combs-brands-comparisons-costs/
*http://www.hairmax.com - Laser comb
There is an optimum amount of energy needed for cellular regeneration. Based on some laser advocates the needed amount is three to six joules per/ square centimeter. This amount of energy can't be achieved during a 20 minute session of combing with the HairMax.
http://www.articlesbase.com/hair-loss-articles/candid-review-of-the-hairmax-laser-comb-hair-growth-sensation-or-scam-2131063.html
*Power Grow comb £100 - £15 on Ebay
http://www.bestdirect.tv/product-power-grow-comb-powgc.htm
*Violet Wand
!!Drugs
Propecia - http://www.hairtransplantsurgery.co.uk/propecia-finasteride-proscar-minoxidil-viagra-treatment-side-effects.html
!The little prince
Hans Christian Andersen won literary immortality with his stories of an outcast boy made good. But were his timeless fairytales thinly veiled parables of his own life as the illegitimate son of a future king? Neil Philip investigates - January 08, 2005.
Hans Christian Andersen spent most of 1848 feeling sorry for himself. It was not an unusual state for this hypersensitive hypochondriac, with his conflicted sexuality and his tortured awareness of his own genius. He had been flung into a gloom that January by the death of King Christian VIII of Denmark, “whom I loved unspeakably”, and had been unable to shake himself out of the depression.
His closest confidante, Henriette Wulff, sent him a letter on November 18 to try to cheer him up. “You have discovered that you are that prince’s child we talked about the other day,” she wrote, “and you are feeling it too much! But I wish you wouldn’t, because if you were descended from all the world’s kings, I could not be any more fond of you.”
“You have discovered that you are that prince’s child . . .” What does she mean? Is it a private joke, or a reference to a story? Or an inexplicable aberration, like the time in 1830 when Bishop Blok wrote to Andersen as “Your Majesty”? The whole world knows that Hans Christian Andersen was the son of a poor shoemaker and a washerwoman, who through his own efforts and the kindness of strangers raised himself from the gutter to become a great poet.
Andersen himself called this rags-to-riches story “the fairytale of my life”. But fairytale characters are not always what they seem. At the end of Adam Oehlenschläger’s play Aladdin, a favourite of Andersen’s, it turns out that Aladdin is not the son of a poor tailor, but instead the son of an emir. Andersen’s childish imagination cast himself in the same scenario; he was, he told his first schoolfriend, a switched child of noble birth.
It is not an uncommon fantasy; just the sort of thing to expect from a solitary and dreamy boy such as Hans Christian Andersen. But in Andersen’s case it is just possible that behind the consoling fantasy lies the naked truth.
Rumours about Andersen’s true parentage have swirled around Denmark for a century or more. The most persistent, championed in books published there by Jens Jørgensen and Rolf Dorset, is that he was the illegitimate son of Countess Elise Ahlefeldt-Laurvig by Crown Prince Christian Frederik, the future King Christian VIII. If true, it was not just Andersen’s king who died that January, but also his father.
Many Andersen experts dismiss this theory as preposterous. It relies on circumstantial evidence, gossip and guesswork. Royal patronage does not prove royal parentage, and without a DNA test it remains pure supposition. But it does raise some intriguing questions about the accepted “fairytale” of Andersen’s life.
Prince Christian Frederik and Elise Ahlefeldt-Laurvig's love affair was ignited in the summer of 1804. Gossip spoke of a baby, and even of a clandestine marriage, forbidden by the king. In 1807 Elise had a second child, Adolphine, who in old age claimed that Christian Frederik was her father.
Andersen was born in 1805. At this time, Denmark was still an absolute monarchy. Society was rigidly stratified, and there was little social mobility. A few managed, by hard work or exceptional talent, to climb the social ladder. One such was Andersen’s friend, the sculptor Bertel Thorvaldsen. But a pauper boy stood little chance of escaping his class. As the heedless aristocratic children say in his story Kids’ Talk (given a sprightly new translation in the Franks ’ The Stories of Hans Christian Andersen): “Those people whose names end with sen, they can never, ever become anything in the world!”
Andersen’s father, Hans Andersen, who died when the boy was 11, was a shoemaker with few or no clients. His mother, Anne Marie Andersdatter, was an alcoholic washerwoman. His aunt ran a brothel in Copenhagen; his half-sister Karen Marie (always referred to as “my mother’s daughter”) was probably also a prostitute. Yet the young Hans Christian was coddled like a nobleman’s child.
His family, despite having few sources of income, wanted for nothing. There was no pressure on the boy to work. In fact, before the days of free universal education, he was sent to school. His mother even felt able to insist on an extraordinary proviso: in no circumstance was the boy to be beaten. When a teacher forgot this and birched him, Hans Christian was withdrawn and sent to another establishment.
In those days, corporal punishment, ranging from the birch to a clip around the ear, was the rule for all pupils save the children of royalty and the upper nobility - and Hans Christian Andersen. At his grammar school in Slagelse the same rule applied. His Latin master, Mr Snitker, was so frustrated by it that he kept his own son Georg handy, so that he could thwack him whenever Andersen made a mistake. “He is my own flesh and blood, so I am allowed to punish him.”
Andersen was miserable at Slagelse. He was dyslexic, his basic education was woefully deficient, and he was six years older than his fellow pupils. Worse, he was forbidden to write stories, plays or poetry. He was convinced that Simon Meisling, the principal, was trying “to destroy my soul”. Andersen had been sent to school after three wasted years spent hanging around the Royal Theatre in Copenhagen. Nobody seems to have seriously thought he showed great promise as a singer, dancer, actor or writer. Nevertheless he was indulged and financially maintained by a number of high-born people with close relations to the royal family.
The general view of Andersen in these years was that he was a figure of fun. The aim of sending him to school was not to fulfil his artistic ambition but to stamp it out. But why should this gawky boy, with his hopelessly misdirected enthusiasms, have seemed a suitable candidate to turn from a guttersnipe into a gentleman? His fees - twice those paid for other pupils - came directly from a royal fund. The Crown Princess sent him pocket money; all kinds of important people, most notably the State Councillor Jonas Collin, kept a careful eye on him. Andersen was to become Denmark’s greatest writer, the supreme master of the literary fairytale, but few would have predicted it then. They were more likely to agree with Simon Meisling’s furious description of his lanky pupil: “an insufferable skittle, a mad person, a stupid numskull!”
Could it be that Andersen really was the Crown Prince’s son? Contemporary rumour and oral tradition have it that such a child existed, and was given “into the hands of good people”. Was Andersen foisted on Hans and Anne Marie to raise as their own, like the unwanted baby in Andersen’s story Anne Lisbeth, who is given to the ditch digger’s wife because she asks the smallest payment?
Anne Marie and Hans had been married in St Knud’s Church two months before Andersen’s birth. She was in her late thirties, and already had one illegitimate daughter, who was raised by her parents; Hans was 22. Both were servants - Hans on the estate of the Ahlefeldt-Laurvigs, and Anne Marie with a family closely tied to Broholm Castle, where Elise Ahlefeldt-Laurvig’s baby is said to have been born.
The boy lived a life of extraordinary social isolation. But the young Hans Christian nevertheless received favourable attention from some of the Odense gentry, who had been asked by Rural Dean Gutfeldt (called by Andersen “my benefactor”) to keep their eyes on “a certain little boy”.
In 1816 the Crown Prince and his family moved to Odense Castle, as Christian Frederik had been made governor of Funen. In his early memoirs, privately written for a friend, Andersen describes how his mother used to take him to play at the castle with Prince Frits (later King Frederik VII), who was three years his junior. This pauper boy had no playmates on the street; only a royal prince in a castle.
When Andersen came to write his autobiography for publication he made no mention of this story, an odd omission for someone as vain as he was. But the closeness with Frits continued into adulthood. After he became king, Frits treated Hans Christian as an old friend. He liked to hear Andersen tell his fairytales, and once asked him: “How can you think up all these things? How does it all come to you? Have you got it all inside your head?” When Frits died, Andersen was the only non-family member allowed a private visit to the king’s body in its coffin.
Andersen looks back on this unlikely childhood friendship in one of his most finely crafted fairytales, The Bell, which is included in Tiina Nunnally’s meticulous translation of 30 of his best stories, Hans Christian Andersen: Fairy Tales. The story tells of two boys who search for the source of a great bell that sounds through the forest. One is a pauper, the other is a king’s son. Although they take different routes, one in sunshine and one in shadow, in the end they arrive at the same place and embrace like brothers: “The two boys ran to each other and held hands in the great cathedral of nature and poetry. Above them rang the invisible sacred bell, and blessed spirits hovered and danced around them to a jubilant ‘Hallelujah!’ ”
If it is true that Andersen himself had come to believe that he was the older son of King Christian VIII, the story becomes a parable of destiny in which both boys represent Andersen himself. If he were a king’s son or a pauper, it did not matter, for he would still achieve his goal.
It is possible that, despite his relentless hobnobbing with royalty, Andersen even felt some relief to have been allotted the role of the poor boy rather than the king’s son. His diary records a meeting with King Maximilian II of Bavaria in 1851: “I sat alone with the king on a bench. He spoke about everything God had given me, about the fates of men, and I said I would not like to be a king, it was such a great responsibility, I would be incapable of fulfilling the task; he said that God must give one power, and through him one did what one was capable of.”
The Bell was written in 1842. Prince Christian Frederik had become King Christian VIII in 1839, and it may be that Andersen was subsequently made aware of his true parentage. He was certainly from this time included in the intimate circle of the royal family. For instance, in 1844 he was invited to join them for a 12-day holiday on the island of Føhr; a fellow guest was the king’s illegitimate daughter, Franziska Enger, known as Fanny. She was born at Castle Ludwigslust in Schleswig four months after Andersen, and given away to a castle servant to raise.
Another of Andersen’s best-known stories, The Ugly Duckling, dates from this same period. It is usually seen as a fable of a disadvantaged child overcoming all obstacles to rise from obscurity to fame. But read in the context of the king’s-son theory, the tale’s conclusion has a slightly different ring. It becomes a story about an adopted child who rejects and is rejected by his adoptive milieu, but finds true happiness when he meets his own kind, the “regal” swans. Its moral is simple: It’s no wonder you don’t feel at home in the duckyard if you’ve been hatched from a swan’s egg.
Andersen was first formally introduced to Christian Frederik, his putative father, at Odense Castle in 1819. Advised to tell the prince that he wanted to go to the grammar school, Andersen blurted out that he longed to be a singer or a dancer. The answer did not please the prince.
In 1832, when Andersen had been published but had not yet made his name, Christian Frederik sought out Anne Marie Andersdatter in the almshouse where she was spending her last years in an alcoholic haze, especially to tell her that Hans Christian was a credit to her.
Elise Ahlefeldt-Laurvig lived out her life in Germany. Although they shared a passionate interest in the theatre, music, and literature, it does not seem that Hans Christian Andersen ever met her. In his later years he was once seen picking up a picture and sighing, “If only you were still alive”; it was a portrait of Elise.
Andersen’s cagey diaries are little help in solving the mystery of his parentage. But on January 3, 1875, the last year of his life, he does allow himself one bone-dry joke. Noting how many letters he has received asking for autographs, he writes: “One has my name and address: King Christian the Ninth.”
It does not really matter; whoever his parents were, Andersen remains one of literature’s great originals. And as the old baroness says in his 1848 novel The Two Baronesses: “We are all of one piece - all made from the same clod of earth; one came in a newspaper wrapping, another in gold paper, but the clod should not be proud of that. There is nobility in every class; but it lies in the mind, not in the blood, for we are also of one blood, whatever they may say.”
Read on
The Stories of Hans Christian Andersen by Diana Crone Frank and Jeffrey Frank (Granta); £15, offer £12
Hans Christian Andersen: Fairy Tales by Tiina Nunnally and Jackie Wullschläger (Penguin); £20, offer £16
Hans Christian Andersen: The Fan Dancer by Alison Prince (Allison & Busby); £10.99, offer £8.79
Hans Christian Andersen: The Life of a Storyteller by Jackie Wullschläger (Penguin); £9.99, offer £8.49
Andersen: A Biography by Jens Andersen, trans Tiina Nunnally (forthcoming, Duckworth)
Neil Philip’s translations of Andersen’s tales can be found in Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen (forthcoming, Reader’s Digest)
[[Fitness, health and longevity]]
[[Science and evidence]]
[[Supplement suppliers]]
[[Latest Health News]]
[[Consumer blood tests]]
[[HoMedics iHeal IH-100]]
[[Health documents]]
[[Supplements]]
----
+++[Dietary recommendations for an adult]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietary_Reference_Intake#Current_recommendations
----
''Calories: 2550''
http://www.fatsecret.com/calories-nutrition/
[[List of foods and values|http://www.healthydoesit.co.uk/nutritional-values.htm]] and http://skipthepie.org/
----
''Carbohydrates: 130g'' - some say 300g!
----
[[Protein]]: ''56g (46 females)''
Ham and pork tenderloin make healthier protein choices than lamb, beef sirloin, lean hamburger and veal. But not bacon, sausage, hot dogs and luncheon meat.
----
''Fiber: 38 (25)''
1 apple, 1 banana, 1 orange and porrige = 14g
----
''Fat: 65g''
===
----
http://mediawiki.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/index.php/Health_News
----
+++[Consumer sites]
!Forums
forumhealthcare http://forumhealthcare.org
!Medical focus
http://www.patient.co.uk
http://www.medhelp.org
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus
http://www.nhsdirect.nhs.uk
http://www.webmd.com/ owns
!Food and nutrition
*Food and Nutrition info
[[Foods by nutient value|http://nutritiondata.self.com/]]
[[Amino acids|http://www.1choicevitamins.com/page/953393]]
''[[Whfoods - Great list of foods|http://www.whfoods.com/]]''
[[Has reviews of supplements|http://www.evitamins.com/]]
[[List all ingredients and dosages|http://www.anyvitamins.com/vitamin-info.htm]]
''[[''nutraingredients'' - interesting articles|http://www.nutraingredients.com/]]''
[[Pages of Atkins book|http://samsnyder.com/2011/05/27/healing-spices/]]
[[Vitamin chart + dosage|http://www.1choicevitamins.com/page/953358]]
[[healthsupplementsnutritionalguide|http://www.healthsupplementsnutritionalguide.com/]]
[[Ingredients A-Z|http://www.bodybuilding.com/store/infopages.html]]
[[natural-homeremedies.com/category/home-remedies/|http://www.natural-homeremedies.com/category/home-remedies/]]
[[Netdoctor vitamins|http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/health_advice/facts/vitamins_which.htm]]
[[nutritionreview.org/index.php|http://www.nutritionreview.org/index.php]]
[[optiderma.com/en/natural-remedies/skin-essential-oils.html|http://www.optiderma.com/en/natural-remedies/skin-essential-oils.html]]
[[Sports supplements|http://forum.bodybuilding.com/forumdisplay.php?f=70]]
[[stopagingnow.com/liveinthenow/|http://www.stopagingnow.com/liveinthenow/]]
[[supplementscompared.com/|http://www.supplementscompared.com/]]
!Other
[[Webmd|http://www.webmd.com/]]
[[advance-health.com|http://www.advance-health.com]]
[[Aikidonortheast|http://www.aikidonortheast.com/]]
[[askmen.com/|http://www.askmen.com/]]
[[askmen.com/sports/foodcourt|http://www.askmen.com/sports/foodcourt]]
[[Brian Mac|http://www.brianmac.co.uk/index.htm]]
[[care2.com/|http://www.care2.com/]]
[[chriskresser|http://chriskresser.com/]]
[[consumerhealthanswers|http://www.consumerhealthanswers.com]]
[[Doctors reference site|www.drsref.com.au]]
[[doctorshealthpress.com/|http://www.doctorshealthpress.com/]]
[[emedtv.com/|http://www.emedtv.com/]]
[[Everybody|http://www.everybody.co.nz/centre_arth.html]]
[[Everydayhealth|http://www.everydayhealth.com/]]
[[everydayhealth.com/|http://www.everydayhealth.com/]]
[[fitfaqs.co.uk/|http://www.fitfaqs.co.uk/]]
[[food.gov.uk/|http://www.food.gov.uk/]]
[[healthcastle.com/|http://www.healthcastle.com/]]
[[Healthyreader|http://www.healthyreader.com/]]
[[intelihealth.com|http://www.intelihealth.com]]
[[konkura.com/|http://www.konkura.com/]]
[[love-handles|http://www.military.com/military-fitness/weight-loss/lose-love-handles]]
[[Male health|www.malehealth.co.uk]]
[[Medhealth|http://www.rice.edu/~jenky/]]
*Medicines
[[Medline|http://www.healthworks.co.uk]]
[[menshealth.co.uk/|http://www.menshealth.co.uk/]]
[[merckmanuals.com/home/index.html|http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/index.html]]
[[mercola.com/nutritionplan/foodalert.htm|http://www.mercola.com/nutritionplan/foodalert.htm]]
[[motherearthliving.com/|http://www.motherearthliving.com/]]
[[mrsupplement|http://www.mrsupplement.com.au]]
[[naturalfoodfinder|http://www.naturalfoodfinder.co.uk/]]
[[natural-medicine|http://tlc.howstuffworks.com/family/natural-medicine.htm]]
[[naturalproductsinsider.com/topics/heart-health.aspx|http://www.naturalproductsinsider.com/topics/heart-health.aspx]]
[[Over the counter medicines lowdown|http://bnf.org/bnf/]]
[[sarsasparilla|http://www.rain-tree.com/plants.htm]]
[[sciencedaily|http://www.sciencedaily.com]]
[[spine-health.com/wellness/ergonomics/office-chair-how-reduce-back-pain|http://www.spine-health.com/wellness/ergonomics/office-chair-how-reduce-back-pain]]
[[The-Land-Of-Enchantment|http://stores.ebay.co.uk/The-Land-Of-Enchantment]]
[[Time Halth and Family|http://healthland.time.com/]]
[[vitacost.com/science/index.html|http://www.vitacost.com/science/index.html]]
[[vitaminherbuniversity.com|http://www.vitaminherbuniversity.com]]
===
+++[Newcastle upon Tyne]
http://www.newcastle-hospitals.org.uk/services/urology.aspx
http://www.newcastle-hospitals.org.uk/services/renal.aspx
===
----
[[Cholesterol]]
[[Cosmetics]]
[[Diets and recipes]]
[[Health documents]]
[[Hair loss]]
[[Healthy food and drink]]
[[Liver detox]]
----
[[Tag index|Health]]
[[Key Herbs for Health]]
!Tea and coffee
Green tea and black tea are from the same plant but the curing process produces different effects. A tea extract seems to be as good as or even better than the real thing. You need to drink 3 to 6 cups a day for clinical benefits. Good for the heart, blood pressure, mental health and antioxidant activity.
Tea consumption consistently leads to a significant increase in the antioxidant capacity of the blood.
http://www.webmd.boots.com/healthy-eating/guide/health-benefits-tea
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14519827
*[[Black tea|http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-997-black%20tea.aspx?activeingredientid=997&activeingredientname=black%20tea]] is better for the heart than green tea - reduces the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16855537
*[[Green tea|http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-960-green%20tea.aspx?activeingredientid=960]] has anti-oxidant effect
*[[Coffee|http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-980-coffee.aspx?activeingredientid=980&activeingredientname=coffee]] reduces the risk of colorectal cancer
+++[Excel health notes]
<html><body>
<embed src="http://www.box.com/embed/tn62jxsysecsk5t.swf" width="950" height="600" wmode="opaque" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowFullScreen="true" allowScriptAccess="always">
</body></html>
===
+++[Tara Stiles Yoga]
<html><body>
<iframe frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="border:0px" src="http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Y8uBKkif-z8C&lpg=PA101&ots=pQ8qj1C-qW&dq=Tara%20Stiles%20%22Knee%20across%20%22&pg=PA224&output=embed" width=500 height=500></iframe>
</body></html>
===
[[Sources of Omega 3]]
----
Look for supplements that have minerals in a chelated form, or as orotates, citrates or gluconates. Alternatively, colloidal minerals are a good bet.
http://superfoodprofiles.com/
[[For a list of food ordered by nutritional content|http://www.healthaliciousness.com/nutritionfacts/]]
[[40 good foods]]
[[Recipes|recipes]]
[[Atkins Diet]]
[[Fat controversy]]
!The basis for a healthy body
*Keep your gut healthy by eating fermented products like yoghurt, kefir and even cheese. Yoghurt must be "live" with pro-biotic cultures.
*Watch your carbohydrate intake. Think protein first then vegetables and then carbs.
**The best protein is from fish and chicken (25g from 100g). Eggs are a whole food.
!Supplements
*[[Brewers Yeast]]
!Snacks
*Hummus
*sardines on toasted whole meal bread
*cheddar cheese and apple slices
*baked beans on toast
*Egg - poached, boiled
*soup
!Food friends
Hummus
Cottage Cheese
Yoghurt
Smoothies
Eggs
Peanut Butter
Small salad with oil and vinegar dressing or as real mayonnaise
!!Fruit and nuts
Nuts, seeds and dried fruit mix
Berries - blueberries
Apples - fibre
Grapefruit
!!Protein
[[Protein]]
----
Poultry
Calf's liver
Beans - protein and fibre
Tofu - yuk
Salmon - wild
!!Fiber
*Oats - esp. wholegrain - esp. oatbran
*Wheatbran - mix with oatbran = 70% oatbran and 30% wheatbran
!!Healthy fats
Olive oil - monounsaturated fat
Avocados
Coconut oil
!!Good carbs
Eat foods that'' improve insulin sensitivity'' with higher carb foods.
Certain foods increase insulin sensitivity and improve the body’s ability to store the carbs you eat as muscle glycogen, which is a fuel source for the muscle, instead of as fat.
* ''Vinegar, green tea, nuts, and berries'' are among the foods that are beneficial for insulin sensitivity. For example, vinegar improves something called “nutrient partitioning” that makes muscle cells more sensitive to insulin so that carbs get stored as glycogen.
* Vinegar also improves pancreatic function so that your body releases less insulin in response to the carbs you eat. This is useful because when you eat high-glycemic carbs, the pancreas tends to overestimate the amount of insulin needed and releases too much.
How to do it: Cook carbohydrates with any of the following:
• Healthy fats such as butter, olive oil, or coconut oil
• Flavor food with acids such as vinegars, lemon, or lime
• Eat ''pickled foods'' such as kim chi, sauerkraut, or pickled ginger as condiments
• Use cinnamon, fenugreek, and turmeric to spice foods
• Pair high-carb and antioxidant-rich foods like oatmeal and blueberries or rice and kale
!!Drink
Water
Red wine - darker better
Green tea
Buttermilk
!Apple Cider Vinegar
http://www.care2.com/greenliving/apple-cider-vinegar-miracle-for-home-and-body.html
!!Evidence
http://www.webmd.com/diet/apple-cider-vinegar?page=2
!Lowers glycemic response
The antiglycemic properties of vinegar are evident when small amounts of vinegar are ingested with meals composed of complex carbohydrates. In these situations, vinegar attenuated PPG by 20% compared to placebo.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20068289
the addition of vinegar or peanut products to a high-glycemic load meal significantly reduced postprandial glycemia.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16321601
http://books.guardian.co.uk/departments/generalfiction/story/0,,2030237,00.html Saturday March 10, 2007
Mocked for the swooning obstructiveness of his style, and lambasted for his doctrinal tone, DH Lawrence is often described as a difficult novelist. But this is to ignore the daring beauty of his writing, which is nowhere more evident than in The Rainbow, argues James Wood
In several senses of the word, DH Lawrence is a difficult writer - difficult to follow at times, difficult to like at others. There must be many who agree with the young Samuel Beckett, who read Lawrence's novella St Mawr in 1930, and afterwards wrote in a journal: "lovely things as usual and plenty of rubbish". Lawrence's religious language can sound merely religiose, and his attempts to describe the indescribable can lapse into ponderous, melodramatic floridity, as people wince through their wombs, swoon into helplessness, and feel flames of nausea in their bellies.
It is Lawrence's misfortune that this highly doctrinal and metaphysical writer is more often discussed doctrinally and metaphysically than aesthetically. The Rainbow is indeed full of "lovely things", yet it's rare to find detailed advocacy on behalf of its many verbal beauties. Lawrence is famous for his desire to capture the ineffable, to put into words the shifting ecstasies, both negative and positive, of the human soul in flux. His reputation for "obscurity" is founded on such efforts. But at bottom he is an extraordinarily acute noticer of the world, human and natural.
The Rainbow, perhaps his greatest novel, abounds in moments of stunning exactitude, as words strange yet precise are finely marshalled. Again and again the narrative pauses to take the most sensitive inventory of the passage of the seasons. Autumn comes, bringing a nakedness "under the wind, showing the birds' nests no longer worth hiding". Christmas passes, and there are bright winter days "when every sound rang again, and the birds were many and sudden and brusque in the hedges". In summer weather, "the moors were tangled with harebells like water in the ruts of the road", and Anna lifts her throat to "the breeze that came across the fields, and she felt it handling her like sisters fondling her, she drank it in perfume of cowslips and of appleblossoms". And autumn comes round again, and Ursula goes walking "among the yellows and the deep-vibrating reds". And winter follows again, when the sun "went down in his fiery winter haste", and "pine branches were torn down in the snow, the green pine needles looked rich upon the ground. There was the wonderful, starry, straight track of a pheasant's footsteps across the snow imprinted so clear; there was the lobbing mark of the rabbit, two holes abreast, two holes following behind."
Lawrence's father, a Nottinghamshire miner, knew all the names of the plants and trees in his area and taught them to his son. A miner, underground all day and rising to the surface to find, at least in winter, that night has fallen, might indeed cherish the visible palpabilities of the natural world. Lawrence is his father's son, heir to all the senses: he sees, so beautifully, the "little fumes like fire" bursting out of the yew-tree as a bird settles on its branches; he sees the difference between the track of a pheasant's footsteps in snow and a rabbit's; he hears the birds "sudden and brusque" in the trees.
More than this preternatural sensitivity, what is striking is the delicacy of Lawrence's metaphorical power. And he is happy to be bold with metaphor, mixing different sensory experiences: when we first encounter the "deep-vibrating reds" of autumn, we are momentarily stopped, because colour is not sound. But we know exactly what Lawrence means by "deep-vibrating reds"; we know that dark colour resonates.
And it is not just the natural world that beckons Lawrence to flood it with beautiful language. For all of his reputation as the great rhapsodist of "blood" and the dark, dim tides of feeling, he can be as precise and compact an observer of human interaction as Flaubert or Forster. When Will is angry with Anna, "his wrists quivered murderously". Will notices that, as his pregnant wife is nearing her due date, she is becoming rounder "and the breasts becoming important". When Tom dies in the great flood - a marvellous scene - his final moment is seen thus: "something struck his head, a great wonder of anguish went over him, then the blackness covered him entirely". A great wonder of anguish: that, we feel, is just what an unexpected death might feel like, and Tolstoy did not better it in his many descriptions of death. At the school where Ursula goes to teach, she notices that "horrible dry plants were shadowily looking through the windows": "shadowily" has the nice Lawrentian touch, but the idea of the plants "looking through the windows" is wonderfully strange, reversing the accustomed view and turning the plants into forlorn voyeurs, old people or cats condemned to watch a more vivid world go by.
Lawrence may have finally disliked Flaubert for his fatalism, but he must have learned from him something about sensuous tactility, especially when describing erotic excitement: for every passage of ecstatic swooning there is another of closely observed exactitude, as when, in a famous scene, Will and Anna stack sheaves of corn under a harvest moon, and the sheaves are brought together "with a faint, keen clash", or when Skrebensky rides home with Ursula and, under cover of her blanket, takes her hand "to push back her glove from her hand, carefully laying bare her hand". (Lawrence may have had in mind the scene in Madame Bovary when Léon and Emma go for a ride in a curtained carriage, the erotic journey ending with Léon putting his "naked hand" out of the window, proof of mutual uncovering.) Even the urban world can be naturalised: dawn in London from a hotel balcony is seen like this: "the lamps of Piccadilly, stringing away beside the trees of the park, were becoming pale and moth-like, the morning traffic was clock-clocking down the shadowy road". Pale and moth-like!
Lawrence writes the way he does because he wants to bring language closer to life than it has ever been, and is willing to take the risk of inscribing in the language itself the difficulty of this enterprise. "The struggle for verbal consciousness should not be left out of art," he wrote. "It is a very great part of life ... It is the passionate struggle into conscious being." Lawrence's generation felt its difference from its Edwardian predecessors, those confident writers like HG Wells, Arnold Bennett and John Galsworthy, who seemed to have such easy relations with the known, and for whom reality, in the late-19th-century naturalistic or realist tradition, was full of inventoried things. Ford Madox Ford, Lawrence, Joyce, Katherine Mansfield and Virginia Woolf felt that they had broken with such confidence. Bennett thought that Sherlock Holmes was a "real character"; for Woolf, he was empty, just "a sack stuffed with straw". Woolf and Lawrence wanted to sharpen reality into the invisible, while the Edwardians blunted it by stubbing it into things - houses, income, furniture, clothes. Lawrence's generation was willing to risk what might look like failure.
It is this struggle that produces the distinctive, much-mocked obstructiveness of Lawrence's mature style, with its compounds, its omission of the definite article, its repetitions, its massing of nouns and adjectives, its threat of tautology, its earnest, romantic approximations: "the swerving, the declination, ah, to the ecstasy, the touch, to the meeting and the consummation, the meeting, the clasp, the close embrace, the neutrality, the perfect, swooning consummation, the timeless ecstasy". Popular myth holds that Lawrence's prose is mimicking sexual desire or sexual activity; but it would be more accurate to say that for Lawrence all life possesses a findable ecstasy which, for many of us, is only discovered during sexual rapture: Lawrence is a religious writer, through and through (the sentence above concerns not sex, but Will Brangwen's response to Lincoln Cathedral). His language often strives to capture difficult feeling while gesturing towards the difficulty of doing so; his language, in its effort of continual, ragged expiration, is a cloud always chasing the sun of experience.
Repetition, so often misunderstood, is a good test-case of how Lawrence strives to capture the trembling stream of existence. Take this description of a hen on the Brangwen farm:
A grey hen appeared stepping swiftly in the doorway, pecking, and the light through her comb and her wattles made an oriflamme tossed here and there, as she went, her grey body was like a ghost.
Here, "grey" is repeated in the same sentence. And there is the peculiar little comma-enforced hiccup between "here and there" and "as she went", and the run-on of "her grey body was like a ghost". All in all, a grammarian's nightmare. But surely the repetition, the run-on and the rhythmic jumpiness are all related: the hen is passing by our eyes, is on the move, and the prose is adjusting itself to the hen's movement - first a grey hen (our first sighting); and then the light though her comb and wattles making a flaming banner (our more delighted viewing as the now-golden hen moves past us); and then the hen seen moving away, now no longer in the sun, its body merely grey once again - and not merely grey, but especially grey when compared to the remembered radiance of the comb and wattles (hence not just a grey hen, but now a "grey ghost"). So the word "grey" has changed its meaning in the course of the sentence: the second "grey" is not the same as the first; the word is the same, but the meaning is not.
The Rainbow, written between 1913 and 1915, was Lawrence's attempt to blend at least three literary elements: biblical myth, of the kind found in Genesis, Exodus and Deuteronomy; historical realism, of the kind found in such 19th-century examples as Anna Karenina and Middlemarch; and a new form of fiction-telling, in which the young modernist writer attempts to explode the norms of realist writing, and plunge into the self in ways not comprehended even by the likes of Flaubert and Henry James. It recounts the passage of three generations of the Brangwen family, from about 1840 to about 1905, and from pastoral idyll to modern, urban complication.
We begin with an explicitly mythical description of the rural Nottinghamshire landscape, where the Brangwens have lived and worked "for generations". Around 1840, explains the novel, a railway arrived, and then a colliery, and now the Brangwen farm, The Marsh, is cut off from the surrounding countryside. Myth breaks off here, and history begins.
Tom Brangwen, a farmer who is full of "inarticulate, powerful religious impulses", marries Lydia Lensky, a Polish incomer with German blood, who is the widow of a Polish doctor and nationalist. Lydia is proud, separate, and the unreachability of her European past makes her to some extent always foreign to Tom. Yet their marriage is a great success, partly because they are at once separate to each other and deeply united. They both, for instance, tend to throw away the formal husk of Christianity - they are not interested in dogmas and rites - and retain what Lawrence calls "some fundamental religion".
Lydia has a daughter from her first marriage, and it is clear from the start that Anna is a more curious, self-conscious being than her mother. She is "only half safe within her mother's unthinking knowledge". Sometimes Anna tries to talk to her stepfather, Tom, about such matters, and he becomes uneasy. "He did not want to have things dragged into consciousness." Anna grows up and meets Will Brangwen, Tom's nephew. A shift has occurred: Tom worked on the farm, but Will works in Nottingham, in the town, as a lace-maker. Like his uncle, he has a powerful attraction to religion, and works on a wood-carving, a "Creation-panel" about Adam and Eve in Eden.
But another shift has occurred: Anna has a restless, sceptical, modern quizzicality when it comes to religion, and is easily irritated by the way, in church, Will wants "a dark, nameless emotion, the emotion of all the great mysteries of passion. There was something subterranean about him, as if he had an underworld refuge." He feels she jeers at his soul, and the famous chapter, "The Cathedral", dramatises their sharply divergent responses to the religious impulse as they visit Lincoln Cathedral. The marriage is passionate, but often murderously combative, too, and it appears that the couple find the balance achieved by Tom and Lydia harder to inhabit. When Will sees his pregnant wife dancing naked in her bedroom, "lifting her hands and her body to the Unseen, to the Unseen Creator who had chosen her, to whom she belonged", he feels alienated from her.
Despite her restless curiosity, Anna is fulfilled by motherhood, and her house is soon full of children. Among them are Ursula and Gudrun, who will go on to dominate Women in Love. Ursula belongs to the third Brangwen generation. Like her father and great-uncle, she has religious impulses and little time for the literalism of Christianity. Unlike her mother or grandmother, she is not content with motherhood and wifehood, and must live out the new, modern, female question: "Whither to go, how to become oneself?" She falls in love with Anton Skrebensky, a lieutenant in the army.
But another generational shift has occurred, and this relationship, for all its passion, both spiritual and erotic - unlike her mother and grandmother, she has sex before marriage with her lover - founders on the rock of this new historical moment. She finds Skrebensky "inert" and "persistent", and not enough of an individual. She has a lesbian affair with her schoolmistress, Miss Inger, and teaches at a grim school in Ilkeston. She gets engaged to Skrebensky, but changes her mind.
The novel ends with her decision to return home, a two-week bout of sickness, and what looks like a spiritual regeneration: from the window of the family home, she sees the colliers, who seem already "buried alive", the "raw new houses" on the crest of the hill, and the encroaching "corruption" of modernity. But she also sees a rainbow, and sees in this "the earth's new architecture, the old, brittle corruption of houses and factories swept away, the world built up in a living fabric of Truth, fitting to the over-arching heaven".
This rather dull, uninflected version of the novel's events passes over its many astonishing and memorable scenes: Will and Anna stacking sheaves of corn in the harvest moonlight; the chapter called "Anna Victrix", which describes the first, swooning months of the marriage, as the two discover the sublimity of their sexual union and realise that the world is insignificant to the passion they share; Anna dancing naked in her bedroom, as David once danced before the Lord; the chapter devoted to the visit to Lincoln Cathedral; the great flood, which kills Tom Brangwen; Ursula and Skrebensky, kissing under the moon; Ursula at the oppressive school in Ilkeston (surely one of the best accounts in literature of the hardships of teaching); the marvellous scenes in which Skrebensky and Ursula run away to London and Paris, striking for their fearless sensuality - for this is a great novel about female sexual self-awakening, and there is something very simple and beautiful about the way Ursula, while always finding something spiritually lacking in Skrebensky, emphatically falls in love with sex, and with her lover's body. In a London hotel room she watches him bathing: "He was slender, and, to her, perfect, a clean, straight-cut youth, without a grain of superfluous body."
Lawrence was quite explicit about his attempt to write a new version of Genesis. The Rainbow is a mythical-historical account of the development of modern consciousness, particularly as it makes its way through three generations of women. In mythical or sacred time - ie before 1840 - the Brangwens live in thoughtless, sensuous communion with the earth. The women look beyond, but are satisfied by local consolations, like the vicar and the gentry. But after 1840, a Fall into historical time occurs, and the Brangwens, generation by generation, are successively driven from this Eden into modern, profane time.
Each generation, more keen than the last to "drag things into consciousness", finds it harder to achieve a fulfilled marriage - marriage being, for Lawrence, the emblem of fulfilment, and indeed of the eternal and infinite. The self-confidence and curiosity of the women increases as the individuality of the men seems to wane. Certain impulses remain strong, notably a fundamental religious hunger, in all three generations; but a deep fracture has been revealed, and the novel ends optimistically yet uncertainly: the rainbow is a promise that may, after all, be broken.
Lawrence's biblical scheme allows him to draw on an enormous range of motifs from both the Old and New Testaments - the Lord appearing in the burning bush; Noah's Flood and the rainbow that God hangs in the sky as his covenant that he will never destroy mankind again; Moses and the Promised Land; and the promise of the renewal of the spirit held out by Jesus in the Gospels and especially by the writer of the Book of Revelation. This religiosity is blended with other influences: from Flaubert, George Moore and Arnold Bennett, Lawrence learned something, more perhaps than he would like to admit, about the female heroine kicking against the walls of bourgeois life. In Thomas Hardy, he admired the way individuals were seen against an enormous, cosmic background. In Middlemarch and Anna Karenina he had a model of spacious realism, the relaxed capturing of the passage of time in rural and urban communities.
The most immediate literary precursor was probably Thomas Mann's novel Buddenbrooks (Lawrence had read, though not liked, Mann), which describes the slow decline, over three generations, of a merchant family. Just as, in The Rainbow, social realism gives way to anguished, passionate spiritual history, so Buddenbrooks moves from a solid, bourgeois notation of the mercantile and familial world to an involved personal spiritual history, in which the last representative of the family surrenders bourgeois success to a lengthy immersion in music and Schopenhauer (another writer Lawrence had recently read).
It is always difficult to know how seriously to take Lawrence's "doctrine". As philosophy, it hardly bears serious examination; as a kind of alternative religion, it is often moving and eloquent. But its religiosity is precisely what creates a number of contradictions, both in itself and in The Rainbow. It is not clear, for instance, that Lawrence can inhabit such a markedly religious discourse without dragging behind him a great deal of markedly religious baggage. It is all very well for Lawrence to tell us that the Brangwens have no time for the formal husks of Christianity; yet the novel itself insists on using a series of motifs and words that belong to this formal husk (baptism, spirit, the covenant, and so on). If Lawrence wants only the metaphorical power of biblical religious language, why not find a new, non-biblical language? Can you invent a new religion while refusing to abandon the terms of an old one?
Lawrence's "doctrine" impales him on a paradox. He emphasised again and again that the novel dissolves doctrine, that one should trust the tale not the teller. The novel, he says, refuses the absolute. Most novelists, he felt, were like Tolstoy, "little Jesuses" strutting on the page with their ennobling philosophies, thrusting their thought upon their characters. The novel should contain "no didactive absolute". But how often Lawrence seems to break his own commandments! He bullies his characters with precisely "the didactive absolute". The difficulty is that Lawrence is the great expounder, and novelistic enactor, of that impossible thing, a religion of the absolute that insists on its own anti-absolutism. That is why his work seems so often to be trying to dissolve the absolute in absolutist ways. This can sometimes get unwittingly comic, as when, in his essay "The Crown", Lawrence seems to thump the table, and yells in absolutist tones: "Damn all absolutes. Oh damn, damn, damn all absolutes! I tell you, no absolute is going to make the lion lie down with the lamb." He is like a fat man ordering us to go on a diet.
This religiosity of Lawrence's is an essentialism that dare not speak its name, and the contradiction is most strongly felt in Lawrence's desire to write about a self that is at once continually in flux and yet stays the same. In June 1914, Lawrence wrote a now- famous letter to his editor, Edward Garnett, in which he claimed that his characters are always changing - there can be no "stable ego", he said - but that underneath they are always the same, just as diamond and coal are the same "pure single element of carbon. The ordinary novel would trace the history of the diamond - but I say, 'Diamond, what! This is carbon.' And my diamond might be coal or soot, and my theme is carbon." In other words, characters change but are essentially the same, as coal and diamond are essentially always carbon. This is why, in his fiction, his characters are always disdaining their "social" selves and proclaiming the authenticity of their "permanent" or "fundamental" selves. Lawrence announces his escape from the old 19th-century novel, but it sounds as if his own novel has just replaced the schematic fatalism of the naturalists (in which social and economic forces determine a character's fate) with the schematic fatalism of religion (in which what he calls "some greater, inhuman will" determines a character's fate instead).
Can the novel describe both flux and essential stasis? Can Lawrence escape this contradiction? Partly, I think. First of all, more than any of his novelistic predecessors, he is willing to take these paradoxes and incoherencies to the forge of language, to let language take the risk of failure. As we saw, his use of repetition is a pretty good example of how his language can precisely register the paradox of something simultaneously changing and staying fundamentally the same.
Second, and just as important, though Lawrence's doctrine is schematic, his greatest novels strive to escape absolutism. The Rainbow ends on a note of optimism, which readers may or may not find convincing, but it also ends in uncertainty, and Lawrence liked to keep his novels open-ended in this way. Ursula is at home, and poised on the cusp of a new life. Her engagement to Skrebensky is over, but the questions she has wrestled with over the preceding 150 pages are decidedly not.
The best example of the way in which Lawrence proceeds dialectically and not schematically can be found in how he deals with the relations between men and women in this novel. Ever since Kate Millett launched her famous attack, Lawrence has been seen as the great misogynist. This is true, in some ways, but notice how The Rainbow reverses the polarities of male strength and female submission. It is the men who are sunk in blood consciousness, who are "inert", bloated with their own sensual wordlessness, afraid of dragging knowledge into consciousness, while the women want to pull away into individuation - the women, especially Anna and Ursula, are curious, rational, sceptical, proud, powerful, and so on.
This is why, despite Lawrence's obvious disapproval of the mechanistic "weekday world" which Ursula wants to enter, despite his characterisation of Ursula as a "harpy", despite his palpable lack of interest in Miss Inger's work as a suffragette, he seems - as a novelist - more interested in what Ursula will make of the "weekday world" than in fondling his own little condemnations. The Rainbow can easily be read in feminist terms, and it is a great comic paradox that the hated misogynist author was surely the first novelist in English literature to describe, in Ursula's frank erotic pleasure in both Miss Inger and Anton Skrebensky, the sexual awakening of a young woman. There is something finally magnificent, triumphant indeed, about the novel when Ursula writes to Skrebensky: "I love you very much. I love your body. It is so clear and fine. I am glad you do not go naked, or all the women would fall in love with you. I am very jealous of it, I love it so much."
!Dialogue
Wáng xiān shēng/ nín zǎo.
Good morning, Mr.Wang.
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Lǐ tài tai/ nín zǎo
Mrs. Li. Good morning to you.
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Nín hǎo ma
How are you?
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wǒ hěn hǎo xiè xie nín
I'm fine. Thank you.
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Wáng tài tai hǎo ma
How is Mrs. Wang?
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tā hěn hǎo xiè xie
She's fine. Thank you.
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!Words and phrases
ní zǎo
Goog morning
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xiàwǔ hǎo
Good afternoon
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wǎnshàng hǎo
Good evening
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hǎo ma
Are you all right? OK? All right?; Shall we?
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tā hǎo ma
How is he?
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tā hěn hǎo
She's very well.
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wǒ tài tai hěn hǎo xiè xie̊
My wife is fine. Thank you.
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Qiān xiè wàn xiè I cannot thank you enough! (lit. a thousand thanks) qiān = one thousand wàn = ten thousand
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Wéi
hello; hey there! (Used on the telephone or to attract someone’s attention.)
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Nĭ zhēn hăo
How good of you; You’re really good.
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Hăo jí le
That’s delightful; I’d be delighted.
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!Extra vocabulary
Nánpéngyou
male friend / boyfriend
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mǔqīn
mother
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māma
mama
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fùqīn
father
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bà bà
father / dad
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gǒu
dog
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http://www.greenworks.com/plants.htm#RecommendedPlants
http://www.gardenguides.com/index.htm
!Creams
Basically infused oil + beeswax + essential oils + water or infused water
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[[Creams]] are used to treat skin conditions of all kinds. They can be made by melting petroleum jelly and adding the herbs, although that is rather messy. A better method is to boil approximately 1 cup of the herb(s) to be used in 3 to 4 cups of water, in a non-metallic container, for about 15 minutes for leafy herbs and 30 minutes for root herbs to extract the volatile oils. You can then strain the herbs out, or leave them in if you so desire, depending on the kind of cream you are making. Add 5 ounces of sesame or olive oil to the water remaining and continue to simmer over low heat until all of the water has evaporated. Melt 2 ounces of beeswax, and stir into the oil mixture. TIP: try to have the wax and the oil near the same temperature, and stir vigorously! After the mixture cools a bit, add 2 teaspoons (or 4 to 6 capsules) of Vitamin E oil as a preservative, and mix it in well. Pour into containers and allow to cool completely. Most creams will keep for up to one year.
Gathering
http://www.allnatural.net/pages/index.shtml
!GATHERING
When gathering or harvesting your herbs, first be absolutely sure you know what you are gathering! This is very important when gathering plants from the wild. Be absolutely certain you know what the plant is before you attempt to use it. If you are not sure of a particular plant, or it “looks like” something but could be something else, leave it alone. You would be better off to purchase the herb through a store or mail order. The alternative may leave you dead. If you care about our natural plants, you will prefer to purchase or grow what you need. Today’s herbal needs are creating quite a strain on the numbers of medicinal plants in the wild.
Know what part of the plant you need. Some plants are used in their entirety, others only specific parts. When you are gathering plants from the wild, or even your own garden, remember not to take all of a particular species you may find in an area. Leave some to grow and seed and flourish for the next time you need them. Removing all of a group of plants is irresponsible (unless it is from your own herbal garden). Sprinkle around some of their seeds, to help them propagate. Also remember to give them some natural fertilizer. When taking leaves or branches of a plant, leave plenty for the plant to survive. You should offer the same respect to those plants you gather from your own gardens.
The parts of the plant above ground should be harvested in the morning, before the heat of the sun has a chance to wilt them. It is preferable to do so when the dew is still on the plants. Leaves should be harvested before the buds and blooms appear, and flowers should be harvested before the fruits and seeds appear. Bark and roots should be harvested in the early spring, just as the plant is beginning to show its leaf buds, or in the fall. Don’t strip bark from around the trunk of the tree, as this will kill it. Instead, strip bark from small patches, or particular limbs, to preserve the plant for later use, and to preserve its life.
!Liniments
Liniments are made very similar to tinctures. Since these are for external applications only, rubbing alcohol is used in place of the grain alcohol for tinctures. Crush the herbs to be used, then steep for two weeks in 12 to 16 ounces of rubbing alcohol. Herbs that are recommended for easing rheumatism, arthritis, and muscle aches and pains are the ones used in making liniments. Before use, a dropperful of olive or almond oil may be added to a small amount of the mixture, to ease the skin around the affected area as well as the joint or area itself.
Oil infusions
!Oils
Oil extracts are made from fresh herbs that contain volatile oils used for healing. Fresh herbs are necessary for the extraction of the oils. The fresh herbs are usually crushed with a mortar and pestle. Olive or sesame oil is then added, at the rate of one pint of oil to every two ounces of herbs. The mixture is allowed to stand in a warm place, out of direct light, for three days. The oils are stored in dark, air-tight, glass containers. Add one to two capsules of Vitamin E to each bottle for preserving the extracted oils. This is a process that is best begun on the new moon.
http://www.innvista.com/health/herbs/modeuse/oilinfus.htm
!Oil Infusions
Infusing an herb in oil allows its active fat-soluble ingredients to be extracted. Hot infused oils are simmered, while cold infused oils are heated naturally in the sun. Both types of oil can be used externally as massage oils or added to creams and ointments.
!Preparation
Oil Infusion—Hot Method 250 g dried (500 g fresh) herb 750 mil olive, sunflower, or other good quality oil
Stir the chopped herb and oil together in a glass bowl over a saucepan of boiling water. Cover and simmer gently for two to three hours. Remove from heat and allow to cool. Pour into a wine press or jelly bag secured in a jug and press out as much of the liquid as possible. Collect all the strained oil and pour into clean, dark bottles. Seal and label. Store in sterilized, airtight, dark glass bottles for up to a year; but for best results, use within six months. Although hot infused oils can last up to a year, they are most potent when made fresh.
Many herbs make effective hot infused oils, especially such spicy herbs as ginger, cayenne, and pepper. These oils can be rubbed into the skin to relieve rheumatic and arthritic pain, improve local blood flow, and relax muscles. Other hot infused oils from such leafy herbs as comfrey speed wound healing; mullein is used for earaches and ear infections; and chickweed ointment may also be produced from a hot infused oil.
!Oil Infusion—Cold Method
Fill a clear, glass jar with an herb. Cover the herb completely with oil. Close the jar and shake well. Place in a sunny spot and leave for two to six weeks. Strain the oil through a jelly bag or wine press squeezing out as much of the oil as possible. Pour the infused oil into dark glass bottles and label.
This is a slow process and involves leaving a jar packed with herbs and oil to stand for several weeks. Sunlight encourages the plant to release its active constituents into the oil. It is the most suitable method for fresh plant material, especially the more delicate parts as flowers.
St. John’s wort (anti-inflammatory and analgesic) and calendula are the most commonly produced cold infused oils. Olive oil is particularly suitable for cold infusion as it rarely turns rancid. The intensity of the sunlight and length of time an herb is infused affect the concentration of its medicinal constituents. For greater strength, add the extracted oil to a fresh supply of herbs and infuse again.
Storing
http://www.allnatural.net/pages/index.shtml
!STORING
When using an entire plant, it is customary to hang the plant upside down in a dry area free from pests to allow the plant to dry. Make sure your herbs have dried thoroughly before storing them for further use, or you may discover that you have a moldy mess instead of a useful herb. Roots should be carefully washed, scraped, and chopped into small pieces, then laid on an elevated screen for circulation, to be sure they dry uniformly and thoroughly. Bulbs should be tied together and hung up to dry. Individual leaves can be laid out on a raised screen to dry completely.
The dried portions can then be stored according to your needs. Roots are usually ground into powder for use, or left in small chunks for uses in decoctions, tinctures, and syrups. Leaves are usually stored in their entirety, or crumbled for use in teas. The same applies for blossoms. Store your herbs in air-tight containers. The best containers to use are colored dark glass. The herb then does not pick up impurities from plastics, and does not eat through your plastics, as can happen.
Store in a dry, cool area, and keep out of the light. This is the reason for using colored glass. Light can often break down the remains of your gathered herbs, shortening their shelf life and rendering them nearly useless after a short period of time. So if you can only use normal glass, store those containers in a dark pantry or cabinet. If stored properly, the shelf life of dried herbs is approximately one year. Tinctures can be stored for up to five years. Capsules should be used within one year. Once an herb has been ground, it shortens the amount of time the herb is effective. So do pay careful attention to when you have purchased or stored an herb, for maximum effectiveness.
!Syrups
http://www.allnatural.net/pages/index.shtml
Syrups are used for treating coughs and sore throats, and is an easy way to give herbs to children. Two ounces of herb are added to 4 cups of water in a nonmetallic container, and boiled down slowly and gently until about 2 cups of liquid is left. Strain while it is still warm, and add two ounces of honey and/or glycerine. Lemon juice can also be added for flavor. Store in a dark glass container.
!Teas
The herbs that will be used for herbal teas are generally the cut and sifted form, or the crumbled dried leaves. Herbs should always be prepared in nonmetallic containers. This prevents the herb from picking up impurities in the metals, and prevents the breakdown of the essential oils in the herbs which can occur when they come in contact with metallics. Steep the herbs in a nonmetallic container with water that has just been brought to a boil. This is an infusion and is used for the more delicate herbs to prevent destroying their healing agents.
A decoction is used to extract the healing agents from herbs that are roots and barks. The herbs are simmered in a nonmetallic cooking container for about one hour. Simmer uncovered until the amount of water is reduced by one half. Those herbs that contain important volatile oils should be simmered slowly in a tightly covered pot.
Don’t add table sugar to herbal teas. If a sweetener is needed, use pure, unmolested honey. Refined sugars are unhealthy for our digestive systems, and can actually interfere with the effectiveness of many herbs, as well as aggravate several diseases. If you are allergic to honey and other bee products, you can substitute stevia.
!Tinctures
Tinctures are easy to make, and are a very convenient way to make use of the healing herbs in today’s fast society. They are made with the more potent herbs that are generally not taken as herbal teas.
Tinctures are made by combining 1 to 4 ounces of a powdered or thoroughly crushed herb with one pint of alcohol. The alcohol most often used is vodka. The amount of liquid should be more than the herbs can absorb, so you may need to add more liquid as the days go by. Shake it daily and allow to stand in a warm place, out of direct light, for two weeks. The liquid is then poured through a cloth, such as layers of cheesecloth. The herbs that remain are squeezed thoroughly to remove as much of the liquid from them as possible. Keep the tincture stored in a dark glass bottle or jar.
Tinctures are used by the drop, or teaspoon. If you want to be sure the alcohol won’t affect you, or you are a recovering alcoholic, add the recommended number of tincture drops into a 4 ounce cup of hot water, wait a few moments, and then drink. The alcohol will evaporate. Tinctures can be made of single herbs, or herbal combinations, depending upon your needs.
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http://www.innvista.com/health/herbs/modeuse/tincture.htm
!!Dosage
A dropperful is about 15-20 drops, or 1ml. A teaspoon is roughly equivalent to 5ml. The most commonly used dose for tinctures is 20-40 drops or 1-2 dropperfuls. In general, the more acute a condition, the more frequent the doses.
!Tinctures and Vinegars
Tinctures are made by extracting, and preserving, the active properties of herbs using alcohol. In early times, this was accomplished by boiling the herb in wine. Tinctures have a stronger action than infusions or decoctions and can be made with fresh or dried herbs, but some herbs may require different strengths of alcohol (15-90% proof).
DO NOT use industrial alcohol, methyl alcohol, or rubbing alcohol (isopropyl alcohol). To make non-alcoholic tinctures, replace the alcohol with vinegar or glycerol.
!!Recipes
!!!Tincture
The standard guide is 1:4 or 1:5 (one part herb to four or five parts alcohol)
25 g (1 oz) dried herbs or 50 g (2 oz) fresh
600 ml (1 pint or 2 ½ cups) alcoholic liquid (usually vodka or rum)
OR
1 kg (2 pounds) herb
4 liters or pints alcohol/water mix
OR
100 g herb
400-500 ml alcohol/water mix
Place the herb in a large, clean, glass jar and cover with the alcohol. Close the jar and label. Shake well and store in a cool, dark place for ten to fourteen days, shaking the jar every one or two days. At the end of that time, pour the mixture into a wine press or cloth bag and express the liquid from the herb. Discard the herb. Pour the tincture into clean, dark, glass bottles and close the bottle with a cork or screw top lid. Label. Tinctures will generally keep indefinitely. The amounts are really immaterial and can be large or small, depending on the need.
!!!Non-alcholic Tincture
In some cases, a tincture made from alcohol is unsuitable or undesireable as an herbal remedy. Such cases include pregnancy, gastric or liver inflammations, and for children or recovering alcoholics. It also includes those who choose not to take alcohol of any kind in any amount, including that found in vanilla extract. For these people, a non-alcoholic tincture is prescribed.
Preparation
Put the tincture dose (usually about 5 ml) into 25-50 ml (5-10 teaspoons) of almost boiling water in a cup and leave uncovered for five minutes while the alcohol evaporates.
Another method is to use vinegars rather than tinctures. ''Organic apple cider vinegar or wine vinegars'' are the most versatile. They contain ''acetic acid which helps to preserve and extract the essential ingredients of herbs''.
!Vinegar
Place herbs in a wide mouth glass jar and cover with vinegar. Cover and store for a minimum of two weeks, although some prefer to leave it for one or two months, in a cool, dark place, shaking every day. Strain off liquid and bottle. The vinegar should be left for another two weeks before using.
Herbal vinegars can be taken internally in the same way as tinctures; or they can be added to salads, soups, or as an ingredient in pickles. Externally, they can be added to bathwater or used as a lotion or hair rinse. Combining apple cider vinegar with elderflowers, for example, makes a good remedy for itchy skin.
Plants as medicine
http://2bnthewild.com/phvsixn.htm
http://www.innvista.com/health/herbs/default.htm
The elimination of transitive meaning has remained a feature of empirical sociology.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 114
Where these reduced (operational - E.W.) concepts govern the analysis of the human reality, individual or social, mental or material, they arrive at a false concreteness - a concreteness isolated from the conditions which constitute its reality. In this context, the operational treatment of the concept assumes a political function. The individual and his behavior are analyzed in a therapeutic sense - adjustment to his society. Thought and expression, theory and practice are to be brought in line with the facts of his existence without leaving room for the conceptual critique of these facts.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 106-107
The society which projects and undertakes the technological transformation of nature alters the base of domination by gradually replacing personal dependence (of the slave on the master, the serf on the lord of the manor, the lord on the donor of the fief, etc.) with dependence on the "objective order of things" (on economic laws, the market, etc.).
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 144
Nature, scientifically comprehended and mastered, reappears in the technical apparatus of production and destruction which sustains and improves the life of the individuals while subordinating them to the masters of the apparatus.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 166
Observation and experiment, the methodical organization and coordination of data, propositions, and conclusions never proceed in an unstructured, neutral, theoretical space. The project of cognition involves operations on objects, or abstractions from objects which occur in a given universe of discourse and action. Science observes, calculates, and theorizes from a position in this universe.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 157
... all cognitive concepts have a transitive meaning: they go beyond descriptive reference to particular facts.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 106
If the linguistic behavior blocks conceptual development, if it militates against abstraction and mediation, if it surrenders to the immediate facts, it repels recognition of the factors behind the facts, and thus repels recognition of the facts, and of their historical content. In and for the society, this organization of functional discourse is of vital importance; it serves as a vehicle of coordination and subordination. The unified, functional language is an irreconcilably anti-critical and anti-dialectical language. In it, operational and behavioral rationality absorbs the transcendent, negative, oppositional elements of Reason.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 97
The abbreviations (e.g. NATO, UN, USSR - E.W.) denote that and only that which is institutionalized in such a way that the transcending connotation is cut off. The meaning is fixed, doctored, loaded. Once it has become an official vocable, constantly repeated in general usage, "sanctioned" by the intellectuals, it has lost all cognitive value and serves merely for recognition of an unquestionable fact.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 94
The functional language is a radically anti-historical language: operational rationality has little room and little use for historical reason.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 98
"Concept" is taken to designate the mental representation of something that is understood, comprehended, known as the result of a process of reflection.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 105
This (functional - E.W.) language controls by reducing the linguistic forms and symbols of reflection, abstraction, development, contradiction; by substituting images for concepts. It denies or absorbs the transcendent vocabulary; it does not search for but establishes and imposes truth and falsehood.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 103
If I speak of the mind of a person, I do not merely refer to his mental processes as they are revealed in his expression, speech, behavior, etc., nor merely of his dispositions or faculties as experienced or inferred from experience. I also mean that which he does not express, for which he shows no disposition, but which is present nevertheless, and which determines, to a considerable extent, his behavior, his understanding, the formation and range of his concepts.
Thus "negatively present" are the specific "environmental" forces which precondition his mind for the spontaneous repulsion of certain data, conditions, relations. They are present as repelled material.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), The one-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 209
The disharmony between the individual and social needs, and the lack of representative institutions in which the individuals work for themselves and speak for themselves, lead to the reality of such universals as the Nation, the Party, the Constitution, the Corporation, the Church - a reality which is not identical with any particular identifiable entity (individual, group, or institution).
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 206
Critical thought strives to define the irrational character of the established rationality (which becomes increasingly obvious) and to define the tendencies which cause this rationality to generate its own transformation.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), The one-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 227
At its most advanced stage, domination functions as administration, and in the overdeveloped areas of mass consumption, the administered life becomes the good life of the whole, in the defense of which the opposites are united.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), The one-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 255
If the completion of the technological project involves a break with the prevailing technological rationality, the break in turn depends on the continued existence of the technical base itself. For it is this base which has rendered possible the satisfaction of needs and the reduction of toil - it remains the very base of all forms of human freedom. The qualitative change rather lies in the reconstruction of this base - that is, in its development with a view of different ends.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), The one-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 231
Multi-dimensional language is made into one-dimensional language, in which different and conflicting meanings no longer interpenetrate but are kept apart; the explosive historical dimension of meaning is silenced.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 198
The social position of the individual and his relation to others appear to be determined by objective qualities and laws, but these qualities and laws seem to lose their mysterious and uncontrollable character; they appear as calculable manifestations of (scientific) rationality. The world tends to become the stuff of total administration, which absorbs even the administrators.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 169
The rational society subverts the idea of Reason.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 167
Under the repressive conditions in which men think and live, thought - any mode of thinking which is not confined to pragmatic orientation within the status quo - can recognize the facts and respond to the facts only by "going behind" them. Experience takes place before a curtain which conceals and, if the world is the appearance of something behind the curtain of immediate experience, then, in Hegel's terms, it is we ourselves who are behind the curtain. We ourselves not as the subjects of common sense, as in linguistic analysis, nor as the "purified" subjects of scientific measurement, but as the subjects and objects of the historical struggle of man with nature and with society. Facts are what they are as occurrences in this struggle. Their factuality is historical, even where it is still that of brute, unconquered nature.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 185
Society is indeed the whole which exercises its independent power over the individuals, and this Society is no unidentifiable "ghost". It has its empirical hard core in the system of institutions, which are the established and frozen relationships among men.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 191
The trouble is that the statistics, measurements, and field studies of empirical sociology and political science are not rational enough. They become mystifying to the extent to which they are isolated from the truly concrete context which makes the facts and determines their function. This context is larger and other than that of the plants and shops investigated, of the town and cities studied, of the areas and groups whose public opinion is polled or whose chance of survival is calculated. And it is also more real in the sense that it creates and determines the facts investigated, polled, and calculated. This real context in which the particular subjects obtain their real significance is definable only within a theory of society.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 190
The impact of progress turns Reason into submission to the facts of life, and to the dynamic capability of producing more and bigger facts of the same sort of life.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 11
Indeed, in the most highly developed areas of contemporary society, the transplantation of social into individual needs is so effective that the difference between them seems to be purely theoretical.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 8
Technological rationality reveals its political character as it becomes the great vehicle of better domination, creating a truely totalitarian universe in which society and nature, mind and body are kept in a state of permanent mobilization for the defense of this universe.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 18
Domination is transfigured into administration. The capitalist bosses and owners are losing their identity as responsible agents; they are assuming the function of bureaucrats in a corporate machine.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 32
To the extent to which the machine becomes itself a system of mechanical tools and relations and thus extends far beyond the individual work process, it asserts its larger domination by reducing the "professional autonomy" of the laborer and integrating him with other professions which suffer and direct the technical ensemble.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 27-28
Free election of masters does not abolish the masters or the slaves.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 7
Technology serves to institute new, more effective, and more pleasant forms of social control and social cohesion.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), The one-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, xlvii
Contemporary society seems to be capable of containing social change - qualitative change which would estalish essentially different institutions, a new direction of the productive process, new modes of human existence.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), The one-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, xliv
Under the conditions of a rising standard of living, non-conformity with the system itself appears to be socially useless, and the more so when it entails tangible economic and political disadvantages and threatens the smooth operation of the whole.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), The one-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 2
To impose Reason upon an entire society is a paradoxical and scandalous idea.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), The one-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 7
The government of advanced and advancing industrial societies can maintain and secure itself only when it succeeds in mobilizing, organizing, and exploiting the technical, scientific, and mechanical productivity available to industrial civilization. And this productivity mobilizes society as a whole, above and beyond any particular individual or group interest.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), The one-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 3
This society turns everything it touches into a potential source of progress and exploitation, of drudgery and satisfaction, of freedom and of oppression.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 78
Sex is integrated into work and public relations and is thus made more susceptible to (controlled) satisfaction.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 75
Just as this society tends to reduce and even absorb opposition (the qualitative difference!) in the realm of politics and higher culture, so it does in the instinctual sphere. The result is the atrophy of the mental organs for grasping the contradictions and the alternatives and, in the one remaining dimension of technological rationality, the Happy Consciousness comes to prevail.
It reflects the beliefe that the real is rational, and that the established system, in spite of everything, delivers the goods.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 79
Propositions assume the form of suggestive commands - they are evocative rathern than demonstrative. Predication becomes prescription; the whole communication has a hypnotic character. At the same time it is tinged with a false familiarity - the result of constant repetition, and of the skillfully managed popular directness of the communication. This relates itself to the recipient immediately - without distance of status, education, and office - and hits him or her in the informal atmosphere of the living room, kitchen, and bedroom.
The same familiarity is established through personalized language, which plays a considerable role in advanced communication.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 91-92
The unification of opposites which characterizes the commercial and political style is one of the many ways in which discourse and communication make themselves immune against the expression of protest and refusal.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 90
The organism is thus being preconditioned for the spontaneous acceptance of what is offered. Inasmuch as the greater liberty involves a contraction rather than extension and development of instinctual needs, it works for rather than against the status quo of general repression - one might speak of "institutionalized desublimation". The latter appears to be a vital factor in the making of the authoritarian personality of our time.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 74
The growing productivity of labor creates an increasing surplus-product which, whether privately or centrally appropriated and distributed, allows an increased consumption - notwithstanding the increased diversion of productivity. As long as this constellation prevails, it reduces the use-value of freedom; there is no reason to insist on self-determination if the administered life is the comfortable and even the "good" life. This is the rational and material ground for the unification of opposites, for one-dimensional political behavior.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 49
The prospect of containment of change, offered by the politics of technological rationality, depend on the prospects of the Welfare State. Such a state seems capable of raising the standard of administered living, a capability inherent in all advanced industrial societies where the streamlined technical apparatus - set up as a separate power over and above the individuals - depends for its functioning on the intensified development and expansion of productivity. Under such conditions, decline of freedom and opposition is not a matter of moral or intellectual deterioration or corruption. It is rather an objective societal process insofar as the production and distribution of an increasing quantity of goods and services make compliance a rational technological attitude.
However, with all its rationality, the Welfare State is a state of unfreedom because its total administration is systematic restriction of (a) "technically" available free time; (b) the quantity and quality of goods and services "technically" available for vital individual needs; (c) the intelligence (conscious and unconscious) capable of comprehending and realizing the possibilities of self-determination.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 48-49
If mass communications blend together harmoniously, and often unnoticeably, art, politics, religion, and philosophy with commercials, they bring these realms of culture to their common denominator - the commodity form. The music of the soul is also the music of salesmanship. Exchange value, not truth value counts.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 57
Artistic alienation is sublimation. It creates the images of conditions which are irreconcilable with the established Reality Principle but which, as cultural images, become tolerable, even edifying and useful. Now this imagery is invalidated. Its incorporation into the kitchen, the office, the shop; its commercial release for business and fun is, in a sense, desublimation - replacing mediated by immediate gratification.
(...)
The Pleasure Principle absorbs the Reality Principle
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 72
In the realm of culture, the new totalitarianism manifests itself precisely in a harmonizing pluralism, where the most contradictory works and truths peacefully coexist in indifference.
Marcuse, Herbert (1964), One-dimensional man. Studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. With a new introduction by Douglas Kellner. Boston (Beacon Press) 1991, 61
Copyright © by Eberhard Wenzel, 1997-2000
"Economic freedom would mean freedom from the economy - from being controlled by economic forces and relationships; freedom from the daily struggle for existence, from earning a living. Political freedom would mean liberation of the individuals from politics over which they have no control. Similarly, intellectual freedom would mean the restoration of individual thought now absorbed by mass communication and indoctrination, abolition of "public opinion" together with its makers." (p.4)
"...the spoken phrase is an expression of the individual who speaks it, and of those who make him speak as he does, and of whatever tension or contradiction may interrelate them." (p.193)
"The inherent limit of the established science and scientific method, by virtue of which they extend, rationalize, and insure the prevailing Lebenswelt without altering its existential culture - that is without envisaging a qualitatively new mode of "seeing" and qualitatively new relations between men, and between men and nature." (p.165)
"'The power of the negative' is the principle which governs the development of concepts, and contradiction becomes the distinguishing quality of Reason. (Hegel)" (p.171)
"[The philosopher`s job is] to understand [the world in which we live] in terms of what it has done to man, and what it can do to man." (p.183)
"Today, in the prosperous warfare and welfare states, the human qualities of a pacified existence seem asocial and unpatriotic - qualities such as the refusal of all toughness, togetherness, and brutality; disobedience to the tyranny of the majority; profession of fear and weakness (the most rational reaction to this society!); a sensitive intelligence sickened by that which is being perpetrated; the commitment to the feeble and ridiculed actions of protest and refusal." (p.243)
"...a freedom which is a necessary a priori of liberation. This is freedom of thought in the only sense in which thought can be free in the administered world - as the consciousness of its repressive productivity, and as the absolute need for breaking out of this whole." (p.253)
"...the outcasts and outsiders, the exploited and persecuted of other races and colors, the unemployed and the unemployable...Their opposition hits the system from without, and is therefore not deflected by the system; it is an elementary force which violates the rules of the game and, in doing so, reveals it as a rigged game...The fact that they start refusing to play the game may be the beginning of the end of a period." (p.256)
Herbert Marcuse, An Essay On Liberation, Boston: Beacon Press, 1969.
"How can [the individual] satisfy his own needs without hurting himself, without reproducing, through his aspirations and satisfactions, his dependence on an exploitative apparatus which, in satisfying his needs, perpetuates his servitude?" (p.4)
"This 'voluntary' servitude (voluntary inasmuch as it is introjected into the individuals), which justifies the benevolent masters, can be broken only through a political practice which reaches the roots of containment and contentment in the infrastructure of man, a political practice of methodological disengagement from and refusal of the Establishment, aiming at a radical transvaluation of values." (p.6)
"Such a practice involves a break with the familiar, the routine ways of seeing, hearing, feeling, understanding things..." (p.6)
"Prior to all ethical behavior in accordance with specific social standards, prior to all ideological expression, morality is "a disposition" of the organism, perhaps rooted in the erotic drive to counter aggressiveness, to create and preserve 'ever greater unities'." (p.10)
"Science and techmology [are] the great vehicles of liberation, and it is only their use and restriction in the repressive society which makes them into vehicles of domination?" (p.12)
"...a sensitivity receptive to forms and modes of reality which thus far have been projected only by the aesthetic imagination." (p.27)
"Reality has to be discovered and projected." (p.39)
"Radical change in consciousness is the beginning, the first step in changing social existence: emergence of the new Subject." (p.53)
"And the driving force is the refusal to grow up, to mature, to perform efficiently and "normally" in and for society, which compels the vast majority of the population to "earn" their living in stupid, inhuman, and unnecessary jobs..." (p.62)
"The translation of the potential into the actual is the work of political practice." (p.79)
"The possibilities of the new society are sufficiently abstract, i.e. removed from and incongruous with the established universe, to defy any attempt to identify them in terms of this universe." (p.86)
"Negative thinking is by virtue of its own internal concepts 'positive': oriented toward, and comprehending a future which is 'contained' in the present." (p.87)
Herbert Marcuse, Five Lectures: Psychoanalysis, Politics, And Utopia , Boston: Beacon Press, 1970.
"Freedom is a form of domination: the one in which the means provided satisfy the needs of the individual with a minimum of displeasure and renunciation." (p.2)
"Under optimal conditions, domination is reduced to a rational division of labor and experience." (p.2)
"The individual reproduces on the deeper level, in his instinctual structure, the values and behavior patterns that serve to maintain domination." (p.3)
"The pleasure principle: the instincts strive for pleasurable release of tension, for painless satisfaction of needs." (p.5)
"But culture is sublimation: postponed, methodically controlled satisfaction which presupposes unhappiness." (p.5)
"The idea that mankind, in general and in its individuals, is still dominated by "archaic" powers is one of Freud`s most profound insights." (p.8)
"'love' - the ethical taming and inhibiting of Eros." (p.9)
"The suppression of instincts - for sublimation is also supression - becomes the basic condition of life in civilized society." (p.9)
"In psychoanalysis the private reveals itself to be a particular instance of the general destiny, of the traumatic wound that the repressive transformation of the instincts has inflicted on man." (p.13)
"It is as though the free space which the individual has at his disposal for his psychic processes has been greatly narrowed down: it is no longer possible for something like an individual psyche with its own demands and decisions to develop, the space is occupied by public, social forces." (e.g. "people`s frozen gestures, the de-privatized, centralized, universalized, controlled leisure-time activities." (p.14)
"All freedoms are predetermined and preformed by [the whole] and subordinated not so much by political force as to the rational demands of the apparatus." (p.16)
"...the governed who are no longer in opposition, or whose opposition itself is integrated into the positive whole, as a calculable and manipulable corrective that demands improvement in the apparatus." (p.16)
"The energy won from sexuality and sublimated constantly increases the psychic "investment fund" for the increasing productivity of labor (technical progress." (p.21)
"The degree of domination of nature and of social wealth attained makes it possible to reduce ungratifying labor to a minimum: quantity is transformed into quality, free time can become the content of life and work can become the free play of human capacities." (p.22)
Alienated Labor - "labor that denies individuals the fulfillment of their human capacities and needs, and grants gratification, if at all, only secondarily or after work." (p.30)
"Are revolutions perhaps not only vanquished, reversed, and unmade from outside; is there perhaps in individuals themselves already a dynamic at work that internally negates possible liberation and gratification and that supports external forces of denial." (pp.38-39)
"The less renunciation and denial are biologically necessary, the more must men be made the instruments of repressive policies that restrain them from realizing the social potentialities they would otherwise think of by themselves." (p.43)
"The psychological categories do not have to be "related" to social and political conditions - they are themselves social and political categories." (p.44)
"These star-leaders...are in turn functionaries of a higher authority which is no longer embodied in a person: the authority of the prevailing apparatus... This apparatus includes the whole of the physical plant of production and distribution, the technics, technology, and science applied in this process, and the social division of labor sustaining and propelling the process." (p.54)
"...letting the realm of freedom appear within the realm of necessity - in labor and not only beyond labor." (p.63)
"The material and intellectual forces for the transformation are technically at hand though their rational application is prevented by the existing organization of the forces of production." (p.64)
"...these historical possibilities must be conceived in forms that signify a break rather than a continuity with previous history..." (p.65)
"Human nature is a historically determined nature and develops in history." (p.72)
"But the aim here is to transform the will itself, so that people no longer want what they want now." (p.77)
"Technification of domination means that if we rationally think through technological processes to their end, we find that they are incompatible with existing capitalist institutions." (p.78)
"The result of [the integration of the dominated class] is the absence of the subjective necessity of a radical transformation whose objective necessity becomes ever more flagrant." (p.84)
"Preaching nonviolence on principle reproduces the existing institutionalized violence." (p.90)
"Appealing to the right of resistance is an appeal to a higher law, which has universal validity, that is, which goes beyond the self-defined right and privilege of a particular group." (p.105)
Herbert Marcuse, The Aesthetic Dimension: Toward A Critique Of Marxist Aesthetic , Boston: Beacon Press, 1978.
"By virtue of its aesthetic form, art is largely autonomous vis a vis the given social relations. In its autonomy, art both protests these relations, and, at the same time, transcends them. Thereby art subverts the dominant consciousness, the ordinary experience." (p.IX)
"A work of art can be called revolutionary if, by virtue of the aesthetic transformation, it represents, in the exemplary fate of individuals, the prevailing unfreedom and the rebelling forces, thus breaking through the mystified (and petrified) social reality, and opening the horizon of change (liberation)." (p.XI)
"[Art`s] relation to praxis is inexorably indirect, mediated, and frustrating." (p.XII)
"With the affirmation of the inwardness and subjectivity, the individual steps out of the network of exchange relationships and exchange values, withdraws from the reality of bourgeois society, and enters another dimension of existence." (p.4)
"Art envisions a concrete universal, humanity, which no particular class can incorporate (embody)." (p.16)
"[What is needed] is a radical transformation of the drives nad needs of the individuals: an organic development within the socio-historical." (p.17)
"In a free society the images become aspects of the real." (p.28)
"Art cannot change the world, but it can contribute to changing the consciousness and drives of the men and women who could change the world." (pp.32-33)
"To work for the radicalization of consciousness means to make explicit and conscious the material and ideological discrepancy between the writer and "the people". Revolutionary art may well become 'the Enemy of the People.'" (p.35)
"[The world of a work of art] is "unreal" not because it is less, but because it is more as well as qualitatively "other" than the established reality." (p.54)
"(Quote by Hegel) The entire sphere of the empirical inner and outer reality is to be called, in a stronger sense, than that reserved for art, the world of mere illusion and a bitterer deception, rather than the world of reality. True reality is to be found only beyond the immediacy of sensation and of external objects." (p.55)
"The accomplished work of art perpetuates the memory of the moment of gratification." (p.64)
"The ultimate goal of all revolutions [is] the freedom and happiness of the individual." (p.69)
"The utopia in great art is never the simple negation of the reality principle, but its transcending preservation (Aufhebung) in which past and present cast their shadow on fulfillment." (p.73)
"The horizon of history is still open." (p.73)
Herbert Marcuse, Eros And Civilization: A Philosophical Inquiry Into Freud, Boston: Beacon Press, 1974.
"The very forces that rendered society capable of pacifying the struggle for existence [serve] to repress in the individuals the need for a liberation." (p.XI)
"[thesis]... to make the human body an instrument of pleasure rather than labor." (p.XV)
"No philosophy, no theory can undo the democratic introjection of the masters into their subjects." (p.XV)
"... revolt as a matter of physical and mental hygiene." (p.XVII)
"Is the conflict between pleasure principle and reality principle irreconcilable to such a degree that it necessitates the repressive transformation of man's instinctual structure?" (p.5)
"[instinct] ...a primary drive of the human organism which is subject to historical modification." (p.8)
"... a commitment to the past experience of pleasure which spurns the desire for its conscious recreation." (p.19)
"(Freud) The memory of gratification is at teh origin of all thinking, and the impulse to recapture past is the hidden driving power behind the process of thought." (p.31)
"Performance principle: the prevailing historical form of the reality principle." (p.35)
"The sex instincts bear the brunt of the reality principle."(p.40)
"Performance principle - society is startified according to the competitive economic performances of its members." (p.44)
"(Freud) [The archaic heritage] includes memory traces of the experiences of former generations." (p.56)
"Free choice - a small selection between pre-established necessities." (p.85)
"The existing liberties and the existing gratifications are tied to the requirements of repression: they themselves become instruments of repression." (p.92)
"The destructiveness of the present stage reveals its full significance, only if the present is measured, not in terms of past stages, but in terms of its own potentialities." (p.102)
"Consciousness, increasingly less burdened by autonomy, tends to be reduced to the task of regulating the co-ordination of the individual with the whole." (p.103)
"Knowledge of the whole truth is hardly conducive to happiness." (p.104)
"The true mode of freedom is not the incessant activity of conquest, but its coming to rest in the transparent knowledge and gratification of being." (p.115)
"The tyranny of becoming over being must be broken if man is to come to himself in a world which is truly his own." (p.122)
"The eternal return is the will and vision of an erotic attitude toward being for which necesity and fulfillment coincide." (p.122)
"(Freud) Being is striving for pleasure." (p.125)
"[Phantasy] links the deepest layers of the unconscious with the highest products of consciousness (art)." (p.140)
"[goals] ...general automatization of labor, reduction of labor time to a minimum, and exchangeability of functions." (p.152)
"(Baudelaire) La, tout n'est qu'ordre et beaute' / Luxe, calme, et volupte'. - There all is order and beauty / Luxury, calm, and sensuousness." (p.164)
"The discipline of aesthetic installs the order of sensuousness as against the order of reason." (p.181)
"Only an order of abundance is compatible with freedom." (p.194)
"The free development of transformed libido beyond the institutions of the performance principle differs essentially from the release of constrained sexuality within the dominion of these institutions." (p.202)
"Work as free play cannot be subject to administration: only alienated labor can be organized and administered by rational routine." (p.218)
"... the quantitative reduction in labor time and energy leads to a qualitative change in the human existence." (p.222)
"... a rationality of gratification in which reason and happiness converge." (p.224)
"Time loses its power when remembrance redeems the past." (p.233)
"The powers that be have a deep affinity with death: death is a token of unfreedom, of defeat." (p.236)
"At the present stage, the personality tends toward a standardized reaction pattern established by the hierarchy of power and functions and by its technical, intellectual, and cultural apparatus." (p.252)
Marcuse, Herbert, Negations: Essays in Critical Theory , Trans. Jeremy Shapiro, Boston: Beacon Press, 1968.
"On Hedonism" (1938)
"Insofar as the individual partakes of universality only as a rational being and not with the empirical manifold of his needs, wants, and capacities, this idea of reason implicitly contains the sacrifice of the individual." (p.159)
"In the principle of hedonism, in an abstract and undeveloped form, the demand for the freedom of the individual is extended into the realm of the material conditions of life." (p.162)
"Happiness, as the fulfillment of all potentialities of the individual presupposes freedom: at root, it is freedom." (p.180)
"Historical facts [(the needs and wants) should be] subject to questioning as to their 'right:' Are they of such a sort that their gratification can fulfill the subjective and objective potentialities of individuals." (pp.189-190)
"Many instincts and wants become false due to the false forms into which their satisfaction is channeled." (p.189)
"Truth to which the liberated individual relates in happiness is both general and particular." (p.194)
"The Concept of Essence" (1936)
"Form and content can be separated, for the former is only a particular historical pattern in which the latter is realized... There are tendencies toward the abolition of the form at work in the content." (pp.82-83)
"Theory ... has the task of moving beyond appearance to essence and explicating its content as it appears to true consciousness." (p.85)
"The dialectical concepts transcend the given social reality in the direction of another historical structure which is present as a tendency in the given reality." (p.86)
"All materialist concepts contain an accusation and an imperative." (p.86)
"The Affirmative Character of Culture" (1937)
affirmative culture - "...the culture of bourgeois epoch [which led] to the segregation from civilization [from the totality of social relations] of the mental and spiritual world as an independent realm of value that is also considered superior to civilization... [it was postulated to be] universally obligatory, eternally better and more valuable world, realizable by every individual from 'within' himself, without any transformation of the state of fact." (p.95)
"For the bourgeoisie, when it came to power, abstract equality sufficed for the flourishing of real individual freedom and real individual happiness, since it already disposed of the material conditions that could bring about such satisfaction." (p.97)
"... materialist philosophy takes seriously the concern for happiness and fights for its realization in history." (p.100)
"[The bourgeios] culture exalts the individual without freeing him from factual debasement." (p.103)
"The medium of beaty decontamines truth and sets it apart from the present." (p.114)
"[Beauty] contains a dangerous violence that threatens the given form of existence. ... Stendhal 'une promess de bonheur" (p.115)
"From the beginning, the prohibition of pleasure was a condition of freedom." (p.115)
"When the body has completely become an object, a beautiful thing, it can foreshadow a new happiness. In suffering the most extreme reification man triumphs over reification (e.g. circus, vaudeville)" (p.116)
"Culture individuates men to the isolation of self-contained personalities whose fulfillment lies within himself." (p.124)
"It is precisely because the soul dwells beyond the economy that the latter can manage it so easily." (p.126)
"In utilitarianism the interest of the individual remains linked to the basic interest of the established whole." (p.130)
"When culture gets to the point of having to sustain fulfillment itself and no longer merely desire it, it will no longer be able to do so in contents that, as such, bear affirmative character." (p.131)
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http://www.historychannel.com
http://books.google.co.uk/books/about/Bentley_s_miscellany.html?id=0jsFAAAAQAAJ
|Chinese History via Official Posters| http://www.iisg.nl/~landsberger/plpk.html|
!HoMedics IH-100 theraP
The [[iHeal|http://www.homedics.co.uk/health/homedics-iheal.html]] Uses [[PEMF|http://www.pemft.com/pulseform-for-PEMF-therapy]] (pulsed, electro-magnetic field) technology to treat tendonitis, carpel tunnel syndrome, arthritic inflammation, sports tendon injuries, repetitive strain injury, tennis and golfers elbow etc
It emits a ''pulsating magnetic field using a modified saw tooth waveform'' - every 1 second. The magnetic field is ''100 Gauss'' approx
Sustained iHeal therapy has two effects on the body’s natural healing - enlarging blood capillaries within the damaged tissue (bringing more blood to the treated area) and increasing the cell metabolic rate (speeding natural cell repair). Healing time is dramatically reduced - up to 30% faster.
Use for 4 hours a day minimum.
A Class IIa certified medical device
Use Micropore Surgical Tape to keep it in place.
Powered by 2 CR2025 batteries - positive facing upwards.
----
[[PEMF]]
https://home.gocompare.com/
<<tableOfContents "label:Contents" sort:title width:100px size:1>>
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[[News articles|*News]]
[[News Sources]]
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[[History]]
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[[Writing and Learning]]
[[Quotes and Jokes]]
[[Reference Shelf]]
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[[DIY]]
[[Fun]]
[[Health]]
[[Recipes|recipes]]
[[Shopping]]
[[Travel|Travel Menu]]
[[Work and Money]]
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[[Comments|Please leave comments! - Hopefully constructive!]]
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!Reviews
https://www.rac.co.uk/drive/car-reviews/honda/jazz/jazz-2008-2010/
!General car maintenance information
MOT: 8 November
----
Emissions130 g/km
Tax Band D
Engine 1339cc
Power/torque: 98bhp/127Nm
Two engines were offered in the second generation Fit. A 1.3 L (79 cu in) i-VTEC produces 98 hp (73 kW) at 6,000 rpm and 98 lbf⋅ft (133 N⋅m) at 4,500 rpm.
----
http://paultan.org/2007/10/22/new-second-generation-honda-jazz-details/
https://www.honestjohn.co.uk/carbycar/honda/jazz-2008/good/
https://www.autoexpress.co.uk/honda/jazz/17232/honda-jazz-14-ex
!Manuals and help
http://www.hondafitjazz.com/manual3/index.html
https://www.manualslib.com/manual/811004/Honda-Jazz.html?page=306
https://www.hondacarindia.com/ownersmanual/webom/eng/jazz/2016/details/106278046-15513
!Reset service reminder
If you wish to, you can re-set this service reminder your self. You do this by switching the ignition ON and applying the hand brake, press the Select/reset button until the service reminder screen is shown. Now press and hold the Select/reset button for 20-30 seconds. It will show the reset symbol, press Select/reset again then press the (i) button, this will re-set the service reminder to the next required service, if the CVT Fluid is still shown repeat this until its re-set and cleared.
!Repairs
None till November 2018: replaced front suspension ro
----
Replace headlight bulb -https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uh5hdgbL2LM.
Unplug, remove rubber protector, unclip securing pin, remove and reverse.
http://www.hfitinfo.com/hofi-2.html
Radio code https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gIwjZ-hTQmk
Trans Mount Reaplacement -
transmission and oil fluid change - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6X5LIJyJZo
Spark plugs - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9n_j9DWsYcM
Replace Wheel Nut/Stud - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=La4vd2NTUoY
fuel injectors replacement - https://youtu.be/DCVbMtUJbCc
----
Battery - https://clubjazz.org/forum/index.php?topic=1387.0
Change wiper blades - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_vDmEx-o6NA
----
!Honda Jazz forums and help
https://clubjazz.org
https://www.diynot.com/diy/forums/automotive-repairs/
https://www.fitfreak.net/forums/
!Honda Jazz spare parts
https://thehappymotorist.co.uk/car-parts/?v=HONDA.JAZZ.2009.PETROL.1339.hatch
http://www.247spares.co.uk/
http://www.expresscarparts.co.uk - good diagrams
http://www.mister-auto.co.uk
!Breakers or Auto dismantlers
M&J Modern Car Spares - Wallsend Road, North Shields, NE29 7SH 0191 2961616 http://www.mjautosalvage.com
----
Transmission Fluid Change
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ImrrM_FFFFM
+++[Batteries]
Calcium based is better for lots of short journeys.
----
Always be sure to check the ground wire first as most ground systems are connected to the negative terminal.
----
http://www.atbatt.com/car-battery/faq
----
http://www.thebatteryguys.co.uk/12-solite-202.html?category=Fiat&car=Punto%201.1,%201.2%20Petrol
===
+++[Oil and filter]
Synthetic based multigrade oil - SAE 5W/30 to 10W/40
===
+++[Windscreen wipers]
part number 51704326
*Fiat Punto 03-07 Wiper Motor Linkage Windscreen New GEN - £66 from Ebay - http://myworld.ebay.co.uk/parts-direct-uk/
*Wipex who supply a new set of linkage arms - http://www.puntowipers.com/ - £30
*A temporary [[clip|http://www.askthemechanic.co.uk/puntowipers/]] for £5
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YRxaZwOSwEI
http://www.askthemechanic.co.uk/puntowipers/index.html
http://www.fiatforum.com/punto/280319-cheapest-punto-1-8-wiper-motor-linkage.html#post2844492
*Removal and replace video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GgsN3Fj6Ypg
http://www.fiatforum.com/punto-mk2-2b-guides/348504-how-replace-front-wiper-motor.html
===
+++[Induction Kit]
http://www.europerformance.co.uk/pages/products/product_info.mhtml?product=12569649
===
+++[Spark plugs]
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7hJh4e9GaCo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WwU0ydFg0o0
===
+++[Exhaust parts]
Holts Gun Gum Flexiwrap
Exhaust bandage
===
!Car parts Wallsend
Daves Auto Parts - Car Accessories And Parts NE28 8HZ - 0191 263 0596
!!(car and vehicle dismantlers = scrapyards)
Norman Marshall Ltd, Unit 12, Newburn Industrial Estate, Shelley Rd, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE15 9RT Tel: ''0191 2645066 ''
M and J, Wallsend Rd, North Shields, Tyne And Wear NE29 7SH ''0191 296 1616''
Backworth auto dismantlers, West Hollywell, NE270HZ ''0191 2684203''
Rowley's auto dismantlers, 73-74 Hudson Street, N Shields NE30 1DL ''0191 2579697''
!Garages Newcastle
New Princess Motors - NE61QU 01912652757 - Adrian and Arthur
ATS - Mark for exhaust repairs
The issue with additives in ‘adult’ foods is not so much that scientists fear they will give us all ADHD, but rather that they are strong indicators that the food we are eating is far from fresh. The party foods identified by our experts as being high in additives or highly processed, represent a small sample of the chemically-laden foods we could eat most days. As with additives in kids’ food, scientists don’t really know the long-term effects of eating highly processed foods, or what happens when lots of additives are consumed at the same time.
All the additives and processing methods used in the UK are approved by the Food Standards Agency and E numbers are approved by the European Union. None the less, some scientists and nutritionists still question their use and safety.
What is certainly true is that the increasing availability of processed food makes it easier for us to avoid the fresh produce we need while eating certain foods that may taste pleasant but are nutritionally suspect. Processed meats like cheap pâté are often simply saturated fats and salt mixed with preservatives, flavourings and bulking agents, and are relatively low in protein, essential minerals and vitamins. Full- or reduced-fat desserts can be empty of anything but calories.
It’s hardly surprising then that nutritionists like Jane Clarke and Patrick Holford suggest avoiding additives like these in order to keep your diet as healthy as possible.
!! Maltodextrin
Maltodextrin is a sweet polysaccharide made from corn. Arguably, it has no real nutritional value beyond that of sugar as it is as rapidly absorbed as glucose. It is used primarily to give body, flavour and viscosity to foods like packaged desserts and crisps as well as having a nice ‘mouth feel’.
!! Emulsifiers, thickeners and stabilisers
Emulsifiers, thickeners and stabilisers are designed to add viscosity to liquids while still feeling right in the mouth, as well as binding or stabilising other ingredients. They are common in dressings, sauces and desserts. Many of these have natural sources, such as guar gum ( E412 from the guar bean), xantham gum (E415 from glucose), carrageenan ( E407 from seaweed) and pectin (from fruit).Mono and di-glycerides of fatty acids (and E numbers from 471-9) are sometimes derived from genetically modified soy beans. These products do not pose any specific health risks; they merely suggest the finished product is a processed one.
!! Potassium sorbate
Potassium sorbate (E203) is an [[antifungal]], increasing shelf life.
Dr Richardson has ‘come across offenders who consume so much sugar in drinks that they are virtually flatline hypo-glycaemic, which can contribute to offending behaviours’.
Sodium acetate (E262i) is a chemical used in the paper industry and in heating pads. In food it is used as a preservative.
!! Flavour enhancers
Flavour enhancers may be included in foods marketed for adults, such as disodium inosate (E631), disodium 5-ribonucleotide (E635), ordisodium guanylate (E627), which is not permitted in foods for infants and young children under the age of three in some countries.
!! Stimulants
Stimulants taurine, glucuronolactone andcaffeine are present in some fizzy and ‘energy’ drinks. Caffeine is the world’s most popular psychoactive drug. Renowned nutritionist Patrick Holford points out that combined with large amounts of sugar it may have a ‘behavioural effect causing aggression and irritability’.
!! ‘Reclaimed’ meat
‘Reclaimed’ meat, such as pork connective tissue, is common in cheap meat-based products such as paté and sausages. Made from the last scraps of meat and offal left on the carcass after the more nutritious cuts of meat have been removed, it goes through a number of processes in order to make it palatable.
!! Potassium nitrate
Potassium nitrate (E249 or saltpetre) is a preservative, which also happens to be used in fireworks.
!! Sodium nitrite
Sodium nitrite is a colour-fixative and preservative. It can only be used in EU countries in very tiny quantities as it is toxic to mammals and is banned in foods for under-threes.
!! Sodium metabisulphite
Sodium metabisulphite (E223) is a preservative sometimes associated with skin reactions.
!! Phosphates
Phosphates are antioxidants and acidity regulators or raising agents.
!Processed foods
!!Sainsbury’s Strawberry Trifle
Maltodextrin, emulsifiers, gelling agents, red colouring, sodium citrate, plus trisodium citrate, tetrasodium diphosphate, dicalcium phosphate, and anti-fungal potassium sorbate. A serving gives you nearly 24g of your daily 90g of sugar as sugar, dextrose and strawberry juice concentrate, plus 9g saturated fat.
!!WeightWatchers from Heinz Chicken & Lemon Risotto
The ‘cooked chicken’ makes up 15 per cent of the dish as a whole, but in the ingredients list the ‘marinated chicken’ is listed as being made from 11 per cent chicken, potentially making the dish just 1.6 per cent actual chicken. There is, however, chicken stock and chicken fat in other components of the meal, which may make up the difference. Other ingredients include ‘flavourings’, tri and di- phosphates, carrageenan and xantham gum (naturally sourced gelling agents) and sugar under the names of milk sugar, sugar and dextrose plus maltodextrin and 2g of salt per serving.
!!Gourmet Pringles
MSG, sodium acetate, lactic acid, more maltodextrin, the emulsifiers mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids (glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl distearate), 2g of salt per 100g and over 11g of saturated fat per 120g packet.
!!Jacobs Thai Bites with ‘value’ chicken liver pâté on top
The crackers contain flavour enhancers MSG, disodium inosinate (E631), and disodium guanylate (E627), pyroligneous acid, and a relatively high 1.5g salt per 100g. The liver pâté has pork connective tissue as its third ingredient, sodium nitrite (E250), mono and diglycerides of fatty acids, di and tri phosphates, and sugar in the guise of dextrose.
!!‘Value’ supermarket pizza
Along with sodium nitrate and more pentasodium triphosphate, there’s also potassium nitrate, listed as saltpetre (E249), in this pizza, an ingredient also used in fireworks and nitrite salt. ‘Ferments’ are also listed, which in this case are presumably enzymes, but it’s impossible to tell what sort. There’s also 2.5g of salt per serving. In another similar pizza we found a mould inhibitor called calcium proponiate (E282).
!!Reduced-fat cheese-and-onion crisps
Flavour enhancers MSG and disodium 5’-ribonucleotide, natural colourings, plus some ‘flavourings’.
!!Cheap sausages wrapped in cheap bacon
The bacon contains sodium nitrite, which prevents botulism in meats among other functions. The main additive is water, as pork only makes up 87 per cent of the final product - the next ingredients by volume are salt and sugar. Three rashers will give you 20.5g of fat. The sausages are 67 per cent pork, 11 per cent pork fat, rusk, and potato starch, wheat fibre and soya protein, sodium metabisulphite, a further shot of cochineal colouring and some ‘flavourings’. Per 50g sausage you get 11g of fat, of which half is saturated. Two sausages give you nearly 2g of salt.
!!Crab sticks
Just 30 per cent actual fish, the rest of the bulk comes from wheat starch, sugar and soya protein. The pink colour comes not from crab, but from cochineal, and the white from calcium carbonate, otherwise known as chalk.
!!Irn Bru
Taurine, caffeine (the world’s most popular psychoactive drug, also habit-forming) and glucuronolactone which are all stimulants. Sunset yellow (E110), cochineal (E124). Sugar and glucose are the second and third ingredients after water.
Share your tips on eating healthily and ethically here.
Guardian Unlimited © Guardian News and Media Limited 2007
Rebecca Seal uncovers the chemicals in your canapés. Share your tips on eating healthily and ethically here
Rebecca Seal Sunday August 20, 2006 Observer
!The goal
A successful diet will burn fat instead of creating it.
The low carb diet is based on the theory that our body energy runs on glucose and will go for the fastest available carbohydrate source. Any excess glucose is turned into fat. The purpose of the diet is to train your body to consume fat as a source of glucose. You can eat any protein and no-carb food - hence the use of cream in the Atkins diet. Fats are not carbohydrates and are not the source of your fatness. Overconsumption of sugar and white carbohydrates are.
The deadly combination seems to be carbohydrates plus fat and sugar. But fats such as olive oil and even butter are better for you that 100g of shortbread biscuit will give you 65 out of your 130g of carbs plus a mass of sugar you can see how easy it is to go over the top without realising it. 100g of Mars Bar has 65g. At one time I might have had 2 of them at work in the day.
The first part of the diet deprives your body of its usual source of glucose - white bread, biscuits, pizzas, potatoes etc so that it switches over to burning body fat. You then reintroduce low sugar carbohydrates into your diet, rebalance your insulin levels and eventually find your own optimum carbs intake.
!Science
Dietary carbohydrate increases blood glucose levels, particularly in the postprandial period, and consequently also insulin levels and plasma triglycerides. The detrimental effects of a high-carbohydrate diet on plasma glucose/insulin, triglyceride/HDL or fibrinolysis occur only when carbohydrate foods with a high glycaemic index are consumed, while they are abolished if the diet is based largely on fibre-rich, low-glycaemic-index foods. In conclusion, weight reduction is a powerful measure for the treatment of metabolic syndrome. Moreover, the diet for the treatment of the metabolic syndrome should be limited in the intake of saturated fat, while high fibre/low-glycaemic-index foods should be used without specific limitations. Moderate amounts of monounsaturated fat could be permitted as they do not induce detrimental metabolic effects.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10889805
All carbohydrates (a category including sugars) convert to sugar in the blood, and the more refined the carbs are, the quicker the conversion goes. When you eat a glazed doughnut or a serving of mashed potatoes, it turns into blood sugar very quickly. To manage the blood sugar, the pancreas produces insulin, which moves sugar into cells, where it's stored as fuel in the form of glycogen.
If you have a perfectly healthy metabolism, the system works beautifully, says Dr. Stephen Phinney, a nutritional biochemist and an emeritus professor of UC Davis who has studied carbohydrates for 30 years. "However, over time, as our bodies get tired of processing high loads of carbs, which evolution didn't prepare us for … how the body responds to insulin can change," he says.
When cells become more resistant to those insulin instructions, the pancreas needs to make more insulin to push the same amount of glucose into cells. As people become insulin resistant, carbs become a bigger challenge for the body. When the pancreas gets exhausted and can't produce enough insulin to keep up with the glucose in the blood, diabetes develops.
The first sign of insulin resistance is a condition called metabolic syndrome — a red flag that diabetes, and possibly heart disease, is just around the corner. People are said to have the syndrome when they have three or more of the following: high blood triglycerides (more than 150 mg); high blood pressure (over 135/85); central obesity (a waist circumference in men of more than 40 inches and in women, more than 35 inches); low HDL cholesterol (under 40 in men, under 50 in women); or elevated fasting glucose.
!Foods and supplements
An overview of evidence from 2004 is here: http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/79/4/529.long
----
!!!Rasperry Ketones
A 200-250mg daily dose is recommended
!!!Ephedrine
Ephedrine in its natural form, known as má huáng (麻黄) in traditional Chinese medicine, has been documented in China since the Han Dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD) as an antiasthmatic and stimulant.
Ephedrine is obtained from the plant Ephedra sinica and other members of the Ephedra genus.
The ECA stack, containing caffeine and aspirin besides ephedrine and is a popular supplement taken by body builders to cut down body fat before a competition
!Garcinia Cambogia
Supplements that also contain ''potassium'',''calcium'' and ''chromium'' are significantly relevant for absorption purposes and numerous clinical studies supports this statement.
! CLA and chromium
CLA and chromium have emerged as major dietary supplements that reduce body weight and fat mass, and increase basal metabolic rate in animal models. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16933788
----
[[Atkins Diet]]
Summaries of different diets: http://www.chewfo.com/diets/
http://supplementreviews.com/categories/weight-loss
!How to use the external Javascript files
Add a location reference to the MarkupPostBody Shadowed Tiddler like this:
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Here are some horrible truths:
Most radio drama is very badly written. Radio drama is an endangered species. It has never taken a hold of mainstream programming on commercial radio in the UK. It used to be the mainstream in the States and Australia but lost out to TV in the middle to late fifties.
It is under threat within public radio services including the BBC because of the pressure of monetarist ideology and the fact that authors and radio drama directors have been too complacent. IRDP is a significant oasis and continues to support the principle of the original play.
Ground rules
The Beginning
The beginning is everything. If this part of it does not work you are 'up shit creek without a paddle'. Your listeners will desert you. You have failed. You do not exist as a dramatist. Booo!
The Moment of Arrival
This is how you drop your listeners into the story. Don't give them a warm bed with comfortable pillows and a hot water bottle. The background and sub-text of previous histories is better explored through revelation in dramatic action. So parachute your listener into a top dramatic moment. Not the climax. That would be premature. Find the MOMENT to join the story. Avoid the slow snail's explicatory route. Kick 'em into a high energy trip and whoosh them through the rapids.
Structure
Set up...struggle...resolution. You can reverse this if the set-up is more dramatic and explosive than the resolution. Regard your play as a series of phases
The Plot
This is the story with lots of twists and turns. The more the merrier. Most listeners like good exciting plots. Without a good plot you're eating a souffle that has gone flat. You need plot, more plot and more plot. Run at least two story lines. Two sub plots would be interesting. Keep the plots linked logically within the same play. The best system is a major and a minor storyline linked to one another. Get them to come together at the end.
Surprise
People are hungry for entertainment. If they wanted boredom they would be filling out their tax returns instead of listening to your radio play. Make people afraid, but also excited.
Character
Your main character must have the sympathy of the audience. Your audience has to identify with your main character. If this does not happen you have created a failure. Booo!
Conflict
Drama = conflict = audience. There has to be an emotional, financial, human, moral, physical struggle so your listeners can laugh or cry. Yes, you want your listeners to laugh or cry or laugh and cry. If you don't, give up.
Polarities or Extremes
The art of story telling is exploring the extreme limits of our psychological or physical existence. To pitch one polarity against another.
The Climax
I apologize for the sexual metaphor. But there is something in this. The better sex has foreplay, development, sustained excitement, surprise and affection, nay love followed by an explosion of ecstasy. Good radio drama is not all that different. If you don't use it, you lose it.
Dialogue
This is how we engage dramatically with the world. Characters inform, argue, amuse, outrage, argue through the ebb and flow of dialogue. When we do we talk and that is how great radio plays are made.....by talking in dramatic dialogue.
Atmosphere / Ambience
This sets the emotional spirit of the play. It determines whether your listeners believe in the world that you have created. Worlds are not created by dramatic dialogue alone. There is attitude and atmosphere. This is determined by detail and relevant detail. It could be in a sound effect. It could be in the writing. It could be in the music. It could be in everything. But the result is that the fifth dimension of radio writing - the imagination of the listener - is stimulated to become a picture palace of the mind.
Emotion
Got to be there. You have to generate an emotional response from the audience....preferably to the main character....also not so strongly in relation to the other characters. Emotion = love, hate, admiration. Never mind about the type of emotion.....concentrate on whether it is there or not. Emotional connection between the writing and the listener = good radio drama.
Balance Character and Plot
You have to have both. You cannot trade. One can predominate over the other. Where they are balanced equally....it can only work if characterisation relates to plot development. If your main plot is character intensive, make sure that your minor plot is plot intensive.
Purpose
Crook's golden rule is that every word, every line, every scene must serve a dramatic purpose in terms of characterisation and plot development. Drop anything that does not have a dramatic purpose.
Tension and Humour
To stop the listener dropping off or switching off, maintain the tension always and throw in the humour. Tension, humour, tension, humour, tension humour...like the foxtrot..Make the emotional rhythm of the play dance on the listener's heart and mind. Charm and alarm, charm and alarm. But they've got to be linked. Your character uses humour to react to the tension in the scene or play. Keep one character who uses humour to deal with difficult situations. Make sure the humour is verbal. Slapstick belongs to a different type of play or entertainment. Make sure you do not have characters taking it in turns to be funny. This is not stand up comedy or sitcom. Make sure that the character who uses humour has a consistent sense of humour.
Get your listener inside the world of your play. How?
a. Sympathy or empathy with the main character.
b. A bloody good set up.
c. A big, nasty antagonist or villain.
d. Great Plot...Great Story....twists and turns.
e. Crisis at the beginning is dramatic and a great start.
f. Emotional intensity. Hit some high points.
g. Escalating conflict so the structure climbs with tension and humour.
h. Strike the colours with detail so there's an atmosphere, mood...ambience.
I. Modulate charm with alarm...humour with tension...tension with humour...funny policeman nasty policeman.
j. Surprise, surprise...that's what you do to the listener, through the plot.
The principle of developing scenes
Introduction.
Character one...goal and objective.
Character two...goal and objective.
Purpose of scene in overall plot.
One of the characters achieves a goal.
Link to the next scene by introducing or pointing to location of next scene or presence of character in next scene.
Question marks in the mind of the listener. Always keep one, better two or three
The Principle of Character
Believable and recognisable.
Purpose within the plot.
Characters have to have function. Character has to be consistent with function.
Characters have to be intentional.
Start with a stereotype to ensure rapid recognition, then twist the stereotype. Challenge the homily that there is nothing new under the sun by making it new under the moon.
Give each character a dominant physical or behavioural characteristic. Make the dominant characteristic purposeful. Make it extreme.
Your main character must be active.
Active character / urgent plot. The character's energy has to fight the urgency of the plot and the urgency of the plot makes the character more energetic.
The principle of Hero / Heroine
Listeners look up to main characters, want to admire them because we all want heroes and heroines in our lives. Life's eternal fantasy that transcendent people and transcendent moments conquer adversity.
If you are very clever you can transfer the hero from the obvious to the humble and make great the inferior or character who has greater potential for human dignity.
Charisma. Characters need intensity and conviction. They may not be perfect but they are attractive. You cannot identify with people who are unlike ourselves...too perfect, no beliefs...take themselves too seriously...lack a sense of humour..
Give your characters private moments when they drop their guards and allow us into their minds and hearts. Make the listener privileged. Use this moment for revelation.
The main character has to change and has to be changed by the plot.
You must have a main character and secondary characters. Your main character changes. Your secondary characters are probably more singular in their characteristics. Your secondary characters are already committed. Your main character is still weighing up the options.
You must have characters who are extreme in relation to each other...characters that are different make drama.
Where are we now?
Well, we should be here....
a. The main character is in the middle of the story.
b. You've used dominant characteristics.
c. The listener likes the main character.
d. The listener cares what happens to the main character.
e. The listener hates the antagonist.
f. The main character is developing.
Principles of Dialogue
a. Dialogue must be a response to a situation, plot or action.
b. Dialogue must be a response to each character in the scene.
c. Dialogue must be comic relief.
d. Dialogue must connect to the next scene.
e. Avoid reflective, passive and neutral. Go for active, and direct and emotional.
f. Dialogue must be believable by being specific...by being specific to the character's background and emotional state.
g. If dialogue is reacting to action or situation then it must be dramatic and poised on polarities. The goals of the characters in each scene should be different.
h. Dialogue should be continuous. Tip...characters often take a tag by repeating the last word spoken by the first character.
i. Dialogue must relate to function.
j. You can mix direct with indirect between two characters because they have different goals.
k. Humorous dialogue is not a character telling a joke but a line or lines responding to the dramatic situation.
l. Heightened dialogue vs naturalistic dialogue. Heightened language is the language of the theatre...high octane communication...poetic, philosophical...charged..the expression of the playwright...It serves not only the development of the plot and character, but it also presents the view of the writer. Works well in radio. But there is now a tendency for more naturalism. Radio producers like to go out on location and explore realism. In these situations you must stick to natural dialogue.
Principles peculiar to Radio
The inner existence.
The tension and conflict between the interior and exterior.
More psychological.
Easier to explore the real and the surreal and to delineate the line between the two.
Have to work in the fifth dimension...the energy of the listener's imaginative participation.
The interior existence offers exploration of personal thoughts, fantasies, emotions and conflicts.
All levels of external conflict can be explored.
The precipitating event through plot has to threaten the inner life of the main character. This is the kick-off in radio drama.
The end or resolution in radio drama is more deeply rooted in the emotional equilibrium and insight of the main character. Changes are internal as well as external.
Time transposition and translocation are faster and more rapid and more complicated. Flashbacks...flashforwards... different ages.
Radio requires less rather than more characters. Characterisation needs to be strong and fascinating.
Maintain the focus of the main character and plot.
Economy of words underlines subtextual surprise and engagement with the listener's imagination.
Wit is vital because language is so important...cleverness with words...energy with words..humour with words...Wit is advanced by surprising the listener...being aggressive with the listener..being fast, short and clever with the listener.
Irony is pathos and bathos. It's conflict between the inner life and outer action.
On February 3, we invited you to speculate on how Lord Hutton, author of the controversial report on the inquiry into the death of Dr David Kelly, might have interpreted episodes from history. Copies of the new Guardian book, The Hutton Inquiry and its Impact, were the prizes on offer. Below are the 10 winners, followed by a few that narrowly missed the cut.
Hutton on the crucifixion of Jesus Christ:
"I am satisfied that the decision to crucify Jesus Christ was one that was made after an independent and rigorous trial by Pontius Pilate. I am further satisfied that Pilate's questioning of him was appropriate and that the Jewish and Roman authorities fully exercised their duty of care towards him.
From the evidence I have heard, I conclude that Pilate acted impartially throughout, although I cannot entirely rule out the possibility that he was subconsciously influenced by thousands of people - led by the Jewish elders - shouting: "Crucify him, crucify him."
The issues of whether the trial before the Jewish elders was fair, whether Jesus Christ is the son of God, and whether he deserved to die fall outside my remit, and I therefore wash my hands of them."
Peter Walsh
Hutton on Adam and Eve:
The story of Original Hutton, into which all Blairites are born and upon which the New Labour religion is based. Previously based on the Anglican church, the government is currently based on the church of Can-Find-an-Angle. That has necessitated an inquiry into the Bible. The Genesis report, as revealed by the Sun from impartial sources:
Serpent: unauthorised meeting with Eve - expelled from the Garden
Eve: became wise (as promised) but misrepresented serpent's words - expelled from the Garden
Adam: didn't check Eve's sources and notes - expelled from the Garden
God: was untruthful saying that Adam and Eve would die from the fruit, but, as He was previously believed to be a reliable source, the allegation that He lied on purpose was unfounded (He previously claimed to be omniscient, but now blames faulty intelligence) - exonerated and will remain in the government (er, Garden) forever
Fruit: not found, but search continues
Gretchen Lippett
Hutton on the 1987 hurricane:
"I conclude with confidence that the alleged "hurricane" in October 1987 never actually occurred. My reasons are as follows. Firstly, hurricanes are confined to the western Atlantic, from which the UK is far removed. Secondly, I researched the weather records for that month, concentrating on Scotland, since average winds speeds are highest there. No hurricane force winds were recorded there throughout that month. Thirdly, it was claimed that many trees in southern England had been uprooted, but, during a tour there last week I saw no fallen trees at all; indeed, many were young and healthily growing. Finally, on checking the weather broadcasts, I discovered the source of this misconception. A woman in France had told Mr Michael Fish that a hurricane was coming, but he categorically denied that during his forecast. Ironically, it appears that his public denial may actually have been the source of this entirely unfounded allegation.
Dr Martin Thomas
Hutton on the battle of the Somme:
Quotations from Hutton's "Inquiry into the battle of the Somme"
"I completely exonerate General Haig. He is the model of authority and honesty. Who could not be impressed by this man, his posture, moustache, shiny boots and the rows of ribbons pinned to his uniform?
"Anyone reading the 'German Somme Defences' dossier - prepared for General Haig by his intelligence and PR officers - would have unquestionably accepted its two central conclusions: that the risk level of the attack was zero, and that boredom would be the army's most dangerous enemy.
"Since General Haig's actions were wholly based upon the information in the dossier, he can in no way be responsible for the 58,000 casualties suffered on the 1st July or the additional 360,000 suffered up until November 1916. We all know how dangerous it is to stop a military process - just ask Count von Schlieffen."
Robin Flowers
Hutton on the death of Thomas a Becket:
"I find the allegation by the Broadsheet of the Borough of Canterbury and its reporter, Andrew of Gillingham, that four knights acting on the orders of King Henry murdered Archbishop Thomas Becket to be totally without foundation and tantamount to libel.
"Archbishop Becket was a well known eccentric and I totally accept the evidence of the respected knights that he repeatedly ran at, and impaled himself upon, their swords when they entered the cathedral to make confession.
"The suggestion that the knights had previously had any communication with King Henry is a gross calumny on the part of the BBC.
"While the allegation that there had existed some dispute between the archbishop and the king is regarded by some as important, it is outside the remit of my inquiry and has no bearing on my investigation."
The Lord Brian de Hutton
John Wright
Hutton on Guy Fawkes:
"As for the lighted taper in his hand, I am persuaded that Mr Fawkes' explanation, that he was lighting his pipe, is to be accepted. The wisdom of his action is no doubt open to question. But it is undoubtedly the case that the large number of barrels stacked against the walls partially, if not wholly, obscured the NO SMOKING signs. Questions regarding the contents of these barrels are, of course, beyond the scope of this inquiry."
J V P Whittle
Hutton on the Hutton report:
1. My terms of reference were:
"Urgently to conduct an investigation into the Inquiry by Lord Hutton"
2. I consider the terms of reference required me to consider the circumstances preceding and leading up to the Inquiry of Lord Hutton, in particular (1) they might have an effect on his state of mind and influenced his actions preceding and leading up to his Report or (2) they might have influenced the actions of others affecting Lord Hutton preceding and leading up to his Report.
3. The term "report" is an Establishment expression, the meaning of which lacks clarity when authorised by the PM. It is capable of two meanings. It could mean "an account or statement of a judicial opinion", or it could mean a "whitewash designed to please the Government", at odds with the evidence and reality. If the former, then indeed the Hutton Report could not be called a Report. However, in the context, I believe it was the latter definition that was required, and was delivered.
Matthew Turner
Hutton on the 1966 World Cup final
Germany win 1966 World Cup final, despite England scoring more goals
Even as Bobby Moore held aloft the cup in front of jubilant English supporters, Lord Hutton, an impartial spectator, declared Germany the winner.
"Having sat through the whole proceedings, it is my considered opinion that three of the goals, all from the boot of Geoff Hurst, were unreliable.
"In contrast, Germany's goals were more convincing. My verdict: England 1 Germany 2."
Alf Ramsey, while disappointed with the verdict, immediately tendered his resignation, much to the dismay of the English fans. "Whitewash," said one, with a banner urging Alf to stay. "It's all a load of bollocks," said another.
David Grundy
Hutton on the birth of British printing and William Caxton:
Matt Buck
Hutton on the death of King Harold:
28 January, 1067.
His Royal Highness, in his terms of reference, commanded me to conduct "an urgent inquiry into the apparent suicide of Harold" who was found in a field in Hastings with an arrow through his eye. He had apparently led a mass suicide of his followers, 12,472 of whom also apparently suicided [sic] by falling on swords, arrows, clubs, spears, etc.
This inquiry, "frankly", took place amid widespread allegations that Our Royal Highness, William, (known as "the Conkerer" for his boyhood devotion to that traditional English pursuit) staged an "illegal invasion" of England. These allegations are beyond my strict remit (but between you and me, HRH is a really top bloke).
I find that Harold invited HRH to Hastings for a picnic, but chose to kill himself, along with his large catering staff, when the soufflés dropped.
Case closed.
Baron Hutton
Colin McKerlie
The best of the rest:
Hutton on the death of Ann Boleyn:
"I am satisfied that Ms Boleyn took her own life by severing her neck from her body. In the months leading up to her death, she was under considerable pressure, particularly following gross allegations of adultery and her consequent trial for treason. No blame can be attached to the King for the emergence of the allegations for, as he himself said in evidence, "once it became public that the spouse of the monarch was accused of an adulterous affair with her brother, it was only a matter of time before Ms Boleyn's identity was made manifest". The comment by the King's agent to London criers, characterising Ms Boleyn as "a goggle-eyed whore" (for which he subsequently apologised) was regrettable, but had no bearing on the tragedy.
"I was particularly impressed by the evidence of the Doctor of Physick who cited the possession of six fingers as indicative of suicidal tendencies."
Catherine Emerson
Hutton on the Battle of Waterloo:
Monsieur Hutton reports to Napoleon I on the causes of the inconveniences encountered in Waterloo.
"It appears that Marshall Grouchy lost the address of his correspondent, the Duke of Wellington, so that the two could not meet to solve their differences and your majesty had to intervene on behalf of Marshall Grouchy.
"The secret service, having not informed you of the presence of a certain Mr Blucher and of some Prussian acolytes of his, your highness was inconvenienced in his conversation with the Duke. Insulted by Mr Blucher's bad manners, your majesty rightly refused to have anything to do with such gross character and withdrew to Paris.
"The Press inflated the affair and gave undue weight to what happened to the other 120,000 French soldiers in the field. Their behaviour during an ordinary weekend of vacation abroad was misinterpreted and reported with grave inexactitudes.
"For example, it was reported that they had breakfast at 6am, while we were given ample evidence to prove that it did not take place before 6.15am.
"I suggest therefore that, before any announcement of pretended defeats in battle, the Press should be required to exhibit in Paris all the corpses of the pretended dead soldiers as well as an official statement of Your Majesty's about the battle's outcome."
Luca Einaudi
Hutton on the charge of the Light Brigade:
From the Manchester Guardian, evening edition of December 1 1854
Hutton censures poet laureate for 'Light Brigade'; commanders escape unscathed
This morning, Lord Hutton rendered public the results of his inquiry into the events of the battle of Balaclava on October 25th. The peer was entrusted with this task after Alfred, Lord Tennyson, in his ode to the soldiers of the 13th light dragoons, insinuated incompetence on the part of its commanders Lords Raglan and Lucan with the words "someone had blundered". Hutton reports that Tennyson is entirely to blame for mistaken reporting and failing to check his sources. By contrast, the learned judge refused to believe that officers in Her Majesty's service could commit such a blunder. In particular, testimony that Lord Raglan had indeed given the vague, disastrous order to "charge those guns" was entirely disregarded.
Thus Tennyson, as representative of the critical media of our free realm, emerges severely chastened, while Lords Raglan and Lucan have been utterly cleared of any incompetence or misconduct.
This journalist unhesitatingly labels the report a whitewash.
Fabio del Piero
Hutton on the sinking of the Belgrano:
Her Majesty's Government has accorded in me, Lord Denyng Mutton-Widgery-Pokery, on this Third day of December 1982, the duty to report on the circumstances of the sinking of the warship Belgrano. My report before the House consists of 79 pages, 31,289 words total, of which I now read you a summary:
"Evidence offered by the Argentine government, the Houston Space Satellite and various drunken RAF and naval personnel that the Belgrano was outside territorial waters cannot be substantiated. Moreover, when the Captain of the Belgrano was requested to remove his warship, the reply ' ****** off ' was clearly heard.
"On the Prime Minister's personal intervention, we now know that the Belgrano WAS sunk in territorial waters and that it was only freak winds which caused it to be found underwater 350 miles west of the Falklands.
This matter is now closed. Now is the time to move on.
Russell Telfer
Hutton on the sinking of the Titanic:
Summing up, Lord Hutton stressed that the crew of the ship were "emphatically not to blame" for the tragedy which cost many lives. Although His Lordship accepted that the crew may have been "subconsciously" aware of an infantile desire by their superiors to break records for the transatlantic crossing, claims that undue pressure was put on them to ignore warnings and proceed willy-nilly into the unknown were "without foundation".
Animadverting briefly to the fact that the speed of the ship was, given the conditions, contrary to generally accepted and well established international maritime convention, His Lordship said that this "was beyond the terms of his remit" and that the blame for the tragedy lay fairly and squarely with the iceberg, which had clearly drifted south "without proper authorisation" very early in the morning.
Diarmuid Deeney
Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2005
[source: http://www.guardian.co.uk/print/0,3858,4857550-111624,00.html]
http://www.diyncrafts.com/10960/health/51-extraordinary-everyday-uses-for-hydrogen-peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide is seen as an environmentally safe alternative to chlorine-based bleaches, as it degrades to form oxygen and water and it is generally recognized as safe as an antimicrobial agent by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
http://enjoyment.independent.co.uk/theatre/features/article483991.ece
//With Ibsen’s titanic struggles of man against woman and both against nature, modern theatre was born in all its glorious complexity. In his centenary year, only Shakespeare rivals Ibsen’s stature. Paul Binding celebrates his enduring appeal - Published: 14 May 2006//
‘You are Norwegian?” Peer Gynt is asked during his exile in North Africa. “Yes, by birth,” he answers, “but a world citizen by nature.” His creator too was Norwegian by birth - in Skien, southern Norway, on 20 March 1828. But for 27 years he lived away from his country, maintaining from Germany and Italy a deliberate distance while focusing in his writing on its people and drawing on its landscape, folklore, history and cultural debates. And also while receiving, from 1866 onwards, an annual grant from the Norwegian Parliament. In 1891, age brought him back, just as it had Peer Gynt himself, and an inner healing of wounds surely followed. “Any man who wishes to understand me fully must know Norway,” he declared. As for world-citizenship, this centenary year - Ibsen died on 23 May 1906 - sees abundant vindication of his own claim to this.
“Ibsen 2006” in Oslo has established a website which, in March alone, had 1.3 million hits. It reports 6,000 different Ibsen events round the world this year: mostly theatre productions, but also festivals, conferences, library exhibitions, art-shows. The anniversary month finds seminars in Bangladesh, performances of The Master Builder in Beijing and Colombo, an Ibsen Day at the British Library, and a ceremony at the Library of Congress, Washington. Ibsen 2006 officially closes in October, in Egypt, with a Peer Gynt concert, Grieg’s music played beside the Sphinx, who reminded Peer of legendary creatures from his own valley.
In any ordinary year, Ibsen, with about 150 new productions of plays world-wide, is outdone only by Shakespeare himself, with Peer Gynt and Hedda Gabler eclipsing all but the top Shakespearean handful. Ibsen studies thrive not just in western Europe, but in China, where he’s admired for his assault on male hegemony, and India, with an Ibsen tradition of its own, Indian writers having turned to him for inspiration after Independence.
Would Ibsen be surprised at the vitality and extent of his present reputation? No! His self-belief and unflagging dedication to his work were as remarkable as the plays they brought into being. Would his contemporaries be surprised? Again, no. He had, of course, more than his share of detractors, even haters, often on so-called moral grounds, vociferous among them members of the British press. “The most dreary and purposeless drivel we have ever heard in an English theatre,” said Evening News about The Master Builder; “unwholesome... simply blasphemous”, said Morning Post. But Ibsen’s challenging and feeling diagnoses of both society and the individual were hearkened to and absorbed. In 1890s Britain he won, through William Archer’s translations, creative response from Hardy, James, Gosse, Shaw, Galsworthy and the young Forster - and, in Ireland, the even younger James Joyce.
Ibsen’s consecration of himself to his creativity is shown in his strange relationship to his family. His father, an unsatisfactory, grandiloquent businessman, went bankrupt, causing his son deep resentment and shame; later he portrayed him as Jon Gynt and as Old Ekdal in The Wild Duck. Rumours, almost certainly mistaken, circulated about Henrik’s true paternity, doubts about parentage stalk his work, most harrowingly the last-mentioned play. His mother and siblings got caught up in evangelical revivalism to which Ibsen was intractably hostile. He attacked “all or nothing” faith in Brand. A 10-day-visit to Skien in 1850 was the last time he saw any of his kin, except for his sister Hedvig, and her daughter, and he saw them only late in life. For some years his father wondered if he were dead. Effectively, Ibsen had severed himself from home at 15, when he’d gone to work as an apothecary’s assistant in Grimstad, a little south-coast sea-port. Here, at 17, he made a servant-girl pregnant. He never saw this son afterwards, though for the next 15 years he contributed to his upkeep. But vanished or dead children haunt his oeuvre.
He went on to do notable work for theatres in both Bergen and Christiania (Oslo), and the historical plays he wrote as a young man still have a freshness in their animation of the distant past. But from the world-citizen point of view Ibsen’s oeuvre begins with two long verse-dramas which he feared were unactable, Brand (1866) and Peer Gynt (1867) - written when he was living abroad with his wife, Suzannah, and their only child, Sigurd. Brand asks the question: what religious faith can be inclusive enough for us to live by? Peer Gynt takes on the Norwegian national character and the average male’s alarming ability to make or destroy his life through fantasy. In both works, technical accomplishment and originality match adventurousness of theme, and with them Ibsen became the most distinguished Norwegian writer of his generation, Bjørnson apart.
Posterity has not remained faithful to Ibsen’s rumpus-causing topical comedy, The League of Youth (1869), so very popular throughout his life-time, and even less so to his gigantic “world-drama” about Julian the Apostate, Emperor and Galilean (1873). But in 1877 he produced Pillars of the Community, the first of 12 prose-plays with contemporary settings, and with it serious modern drama, quite simply, began. In recognisable rooms, meticulously described in the stage-directions, recognisable representative members of society, speaking colloquially (and never at any unreal theatrical length) relate to each other, or strive to do so. We have not entered the theatre to leave behind questions of money, property, work, ethics, personal obligations, emotional needs, sexual drives. Ibsen never embarked on a play without knowing every “chink and cranny” of his characters’ lives. As a result, his plays are crystallisations of an elaborate network of relationships and inter-dependencies in which his people, like all of us, have their being. The past continually presses against the present. A tycoon’s scapegoating of his best friend, an eminent father’s secret profligacy, a young woman’s possibly incestuous relationship with an older man - these refuse to lie hidden but obtrude in ugly, unexpected guises. Then the present will demand decisions pitting rational considerations against deeper inner forces.
Often the resolutions these conflicts enforce are terrifying: Nora walking out on husband and children (A Doll’s House, 1879), Mrs Alving about to carry out euthanasia on her only son whose mind has gone through syphilis (Ghosts, 1881). In Hedda Gabler (1890), only suicide can deliver the central character from the tightening of the mostly self-woven web. The social problems behind many of these predicaments were frequently, particularly in Britain, taken as Ibsen’s principal concern. In fact, Ibsen is interested in the whole person, hence Freud’s espousal of him. It is in this that his radicalism, of which he was proud, lies, not in any socio-political adherences (which were inconsistent). Yes, the truth demands to be pursued (An Enemy of the People, 1882) but we should respect illusions as a psychological necessity for some (the incomparably moving Wild Duck, 1884).
Ibsen’s radicalism appears above all in his treatment of women. Each female protagonist is a universe in herself, and often connects to elements of the external universe in ways logos-driven man finds hard to understand. This is the subject of The Lady from the Sea (1888) where Ellida’s kinship with the ocean only ceases to threaten familial peace when fully confronted. As his prose cycle moves forward, Ibsen’s insistence on the role of the natural world in human life and on its innate interior correspondences becomes all-pervasive. This aspect of his work should be singularly sympathetic to the 21st century.
Ibsen’s last four plays - The Master Builder (1892), Little Eyolf (1894), John Gabriel Borkman (1896), When We Dead Awaken (1899) - are works of intricate artistry and complexity of thought. Like Yeats’s later poems, another appropriate comparison, they are obsessed by the (apparent) waning of creativity in those who have hitherto believed will-power to be life’s key determinant. Yet, the plays persuade us, it is possible for us even when most agonised by our sense of loss to survey existence with a completeness of vision withheld from us earlier. Solness, the Master Builder, comes, fearfully, to realise the guilty foundations of his success, to see how his achievements rest on others’ sufferings, of which he’s been by no means unaware. But even in the midst of such painful comprehension he responds to the magic aura of the young woman, Hilde, and refuses to spurn his own most audacious building. In When We Dead Awaken, the world-famous sculptor Arnold Rubek acknowledges his failure to attain that level of insight he’d earlier approached. And he knows that this failure is intimately bound up with his betrayal of his first, and loving, model, Irene. Solness, after mounting the high tower of his new villa with a confidence he’s lacked for a whole decade, falls to his death; Rubek and Irene, together again, ascend their mountain only to be killed by a hurtling avalanche. Yet, strangely, these appalling endings not only move us, they exhilarate and even comfort us. This is what human-kind can rise to - truly a case of Yeats’s “gaiety transfiguring all that dread”.
In March 1900, Ibsen suffered the first of the strokes that incapacitated him for further literary work. He had anyway already designated When We Dead Awaken a “dramatic epilogue” - to the last four plays, to his prose-dramas from A Doll’s House on, perhaps to his entire oeuvre. Certainly he insisted that each play of his should be considered alongside its predecessors and successors. Frode Helland of the Ibsen Centre, Oslo, himself the author of a fine recent study of the last plays, notices a certain movement today away from these vanguard modernist classics, back to Brand and the perennially popular Peer Gynt as well as to such central achievements as A Doll’s House. This is understandable, just as one can see why, after intensive post-structuralist scrutiny, Ibsen should now be receiving attention again for the cultural and political dimensions of his work. Myself, I continue to regard the final quartet of plays as the very summation of his unique art and one of literature’s greatest glories. But I feel constant gratitude for so generous-sized a corpus that transcends time in its appeal to intellect, conscience and heart.
Paul Binding’s ‘With Vine-leaves in His Hair: Ibsen and the Artist’ comes out from Norvik Press later this year
‘You are Norwegian?” Peer Gynt is asked during his exile in North Africa. “Yes, by birth,” he answers, “but a world citizen by nature.” His creator too was Norwegian by birth - in Skien, southern Norway, on 20 March 1828. But for 27 years he lived away from his country, maintaining from Germany and Italy a deliberate distance while focusing in his writing on its people and drawing on its landscape, folklore, history and cultural debates. And also while receiving, from 1866 onwards, an annual grant from the Norwegian Parliament. In 1891, age brought him back, just as it had Peer Gynt himself, and an inner healing of wounds surely followed. “Any man who wishes to understand me fully must know Norway,” he declared. As for world-citizenship, this centenary year - Ibsen died on 23 May 1906 - sees abundant vindication of his own claim to this.
“Ibsen 2006” in Oslo has established a website which, in March alone, had 1.3 million hits. It reports 6,000 different Ibsen events round the world this year: mostly theatre productions, but also festivals, conferences, library exhibitions, art-shows. The anniversary month finds seminars in Bangladesh, performances of The Master Builder in Beijing and Colombo, an Ibsen Day at the British Library, and a ceremony at the Library of Congress, Washington. Ibsen 2006 officially closes in October, in Egypt, with a Peer Gynt concert, Grieg’s music played beside the Sphinx, who reminded Peer of legendary creatures from his own valley.
In any ordinary year, Ibsen, with about 150 new productions of plays world-wide, is outdone only by Shakespeare himself, with Peer Gynt and Hedda Gabler eclipsing all but the top Shakespearean handful. Ibsen studies thrive not just in western Europe, but in China, where he’s admired for his assault on male hegemony, and India, with an Ibsen tradition of its own, Indian writers having turned to him for inspiration after Independence.
Would Ibsen be surprised at the vitality and extent of his present reputation? No! His self-belief and unflagging dedication to his work were as remarkable as the plays they brought into being. Would his contemporaries be surprised? Again, no. He had, of course, more than his share of detractors, even haters, often on so-called moral grounds, vociferous among them members of the British press. “The most dreary and purposeless drivel we have ever heard in an English theatre,” said Evening News about The Master Builder; “unwholesome... simply blasphemous”, said Morning Post. But Ibsen’s challenging and feeling diagnoses of both society and the individual were hearkened to and absorbed. In 1890s Britain he won, through William Archer’s translations, creative response from Hardy, James, Gosse, Shaw, Galsworthy and the young Forster - and, in Ireland, the even younger James Joyce.
Ibsen’s consecration of himself to his creativity is shown in his strange relationship to his family. His father, an unsatisfactory, grandiloquent businessman, went bankrupt, causing his son deep resentment and shame; later he portrayed him as Jon Gynt and as Old Ekdal in The Wild Duck. Rumours, almost certainly mistaken, circulated about Henrik’s true paternity, doubts about parentage stalk his work, most harrowingly the last-mentioned play. His mother and siblings got caught up in evangelical revivalism to which Ibsen was intractably hostile. He attacked “all or nothing” faith in Brand. A 10-day-visit to Skien in 1850 was the last time he saw any of his kin, except for his sister Hedvig, and her daughter, and he saw them only late in life. For some years his father wondered if he were dead. Effectively, Ibsen had severed himself from home at 15, when he’d gone to work as an apothecary’s assistant in Grimstad, a little south-coast sea-port. Here, at 17, he made a servant-girl pregnant. He never saw this son afterwards, though for the next 15 years he contributed to his upkeep. But vanished or dead children haunt his oeuvre.
He went on to do notable work for theatres in both Bergen and Christiania (Oslo), and the historical plays he wrote as a young man still have a freshness in their animation of the distant past. But from the world-citizen point of view Ibsen’s oeuvre begins with two long verse-dramas which he feared were unactable, Brand (1866) and Peer Gynt (1867) - written when he was living abroad with his wife, Suzannah, and their only child, Sigurd. Brand asks the question: what religious faith can be inclusive enough for us to live by? Peer Gynt takes on the Norwegian national character and the average male’s alarming ability to make or destroy his life through fantasy. In both works, technical accomplishment and originality match adventurousness of theme, and with them Ibsen became the most distinguished Norwegian writer of his generation, Bjørnson apart.
Posterity has not remained faithful to Ibsen’s rumpus-causing topical comedy, The League of Youth (1869), so very popular throughout his life-time, and even less so to his gigantic “world-drama” about Julian the Apostate, Emperor and Galilean (1873). But in 1877 he produced Pillars of the Community, the first of 12 prose-plays with contemporary settings, and with it serious modern drama, quite simply, began. In recognisable rooms, meticulously described in the stage-directions, recognisable representative members of society, speaking colloquially (and never at any unreal theatrical length) relate to each other, or strive to do so. We have not entered the theatre to leave behind questions of money, property, work, ethics, personal obligations, emotional needs, sexual drives. Ibsen never embarked on a play without knowing every “chink and cranny” of his characters’ lives. As a result, his plays are crystallisations of an elaborate network of relationships and inter-dependencies in which his people, like all of us, have their being. The past continually presses against the present. A tycoon’s scapegoating of his best friend, an eminent father’s secret profligacy, a young woman’s possibly incestuous relationship with an older man - these refuse to lie hidden but obtrude in ugly, unexpected guises. Then the present will demand decisions pitting rational considerations against deeper inner forces.Often the resolutions these conflicts enforce are terrifying: Nora walking out on husband and children (A Doll’s House, 1879), Mrs Alving about to carry out euthanasia on her only son whose mind has gone through syphilis (Ghosts, 1881). In Hedda Gabler (1890), only suicide can deliver the central character from the tightening of the mostly self-woven web. The social problems behind many of these predicaments were frequently, particularly in Britain, taken as Ibsen’s principal concern. In fact, Ibsen is interested in the whole person, hence Freud’s espousal of him. It is in this that his radicalism, of which he was proud, lies, not in any socio-political adherences (which were inconsistent). Yes, the truth demands to be pursued (An Enemy of the People, 1882) but we should respect illusions as a psychological necessity for some (the incomparably moving Wild Duck, 1884).
Ibsen’s radicalism appears above all in his treatment of women. Each female protagonist is a universe in herself, and often connects to elements of the external universe in ways logos-driven man finds hard to understand. This is the subject of The Lady from the Sea (1888) where Ellida’s kinship with the ocean only ceases to threaten familial peace when fully confronted. As his prose cycle moves forward, Ibsen’s insistence on the role of the natural world in human life and on its innate interior correspondences becomes all-pervasive. This aspect of his work should be singularly sympathetic to the 21st century.
Ibsen’s last four plays - The Master Builder (1892), Little Eyolf (1894), John Gabriel Borkman (1896), When We Dead Awaken (1899) - are works of intricate artistry and complexity of thought. Like Yeats’s later poems, another appropriate comparison, they are obsessed by the (apparent) waning of creativity in those who have hitherto believed will-power to be life’s key determinant. Yet, the plays persuade us, it is possible for us even when most agonised by our sense of loss to survey existence with a completeness of vision withheld from us earlier. Solness, the Master Builder, comes, fearfully, to realise the guilty foundations of his success, to see how his achievements rest on others’ sufferings, of which he’s been by no means unaware. But even in the midst of such painful comprehension he responds to the magic aura of the young woman, Hilde, and refuses to spurn his own most audacious building. In When We Dead Awaken, the world-famous sculptor Arnold Rubek acknowledges his failure to attain that level of insight he’d earlier approached. And he knows that this failure is intimately bound up with his betrayal of his first, and loving, model, Irene. Solness, after mounting the high tower of his new villa with a confidence he’s lacked for a whole decade, falls to his death; Rubek and Irene, together again, ascend their mountain only to be killed by a hurtling avalanche. Yet, strangely, these appalling endings not only move us, they exhilarate and even comfort us. This is what human-kind can rise to - truly a case of Yeats’s “gaiety transfiguring all that dread”.
In March 1900, Ibsen suffered the first of the strokes that incapacitated him for further literary work. He had anyway already designated When We Dead Awaken a “dramatic epilogue” - to the last four plays, to his prose-dramas from A Doll’s House on, perhaps to his entire oeuvre. Certainly he insisted that each play of his should be considered alongside its predecessors and successors. Frode Helland of the Ibsen Centre, Oslo, himself the author of a fine recent study of the last plays, notices a certain movement today away from these vanguard modernist classics, back to Brand and the perennially popular Peer Gynt as well as to such central achievements as A Doll’s House. This is understandable, just as one can see why, after intensive post-structuralist scrutiny, Ibsen should now be receiving attention again for the cultural and political dimensions of his work. Myself, I continue to regard the final quartet of plays as the very summation of his unique art and one of literature’s greatest glories. But I feel constant gratitude for so generous-sized a corpus that transcends time in its appeal to intellect, conscience and heart.
Paul Binding’s ‘With Vine-leaves in His Hair: Ibsen and the Artist’ comes out from Norvik Press later this year
http://www.runnersworld.com/tag/itbs-iliotibial-band-syndrome
Swelling is not symptom!
<<importTiddlers inline>>
/***
|Name|ImportTiddlersPlugin|
|Source|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#ImportTiddlersPlugin|
|Version|3.5.1|
|Author|Eric Shulman - ELS Design Studios|
|License|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#LegalStatements <<br>>and [[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]|
|~CoreVersion|2.1|
|Type|plugin|
|Requires||
|Overrides|config.macros.importTiddlers.handler|
|Description|interactive controls for import/export with filtering.|
When many people share and edit copies of the same TiddlyWiki document, the ability to quickly collect all these changes back into a single, updated document that can then be redistributed to the entire group is very important. It can also be very extremely helpful when moving your own tiddlers from document to document (e.g., when upgrading to the latest version of TiddlyWiki, or 'pre-loading' your favorite stylesheets into a new 'empty' TiddlyWiki document.)
This plugin lets you selectively combine tiddlers from any two TiddlyWiki documents. An interactive control panel lets you pick a document to import from, and then select which tiddlers to import, with prompting for skip, rename, merge or replace actions when importing tiddlers that match existing titles. Automatically add tags to imported tiddlers so they are easy to find later on. Generates a detailed report of import 'history' in ImportedTiddlers.
''Note: As of 3/21/2007, the interactive {{{<<importTiddlers>>}}} and non-interactive {{{<<loadTiddlers>>}}} macro definitions and related code have been split into separate [[ImportTiddlersPlugin]] and [[LoadTiddlersPlugin]] to permit selective installation of either the interactive and/or non-interactive macro functions''
!!!!!Usage
<<<
{{{<<importTiddlers>>}}} or {{{<<importTiddlers core>>}}}
invokes the built-in importTiddlers macro (TW2.1.x+). If installed in documents using TW2.0.x or earlier, fallback is to use 'link' display (see below)
{{{<<importTiddlers link>>}}}
creates "import tiddlers" link that when clicked to show/hide import control panel
{{{<<importTiddlers inline>>}}}
creates import control panel directly in tiddler content
<<importTiddlers inline>>
Press ''[browse]'' to select a TiddlyWiki document file to import, and then press ''[open]''. Alternatively, you can type in the path/filename or a remote document URL (starting with http://). When you have entered the desired source location, press ''[load]'' to retrieve the tiddlers from the remote source. //Note: There may be some delay to permit the browser time to access and load the document before updating the listbox with the titles of all tiddlers that are available to be imported.//
Select one or more titles from the listbox (hold CTRL or SHIFT while clicking to add/remove the highlight from individual list items). You can press ''[select all]'' to quickly highlight all tiddler titles in the list. Use the ''[-]'', ''[+]'', or ''[=]'' links to adjust the listbox size so you can view more (or less) tiddler titles at one time. When you have chosen the tiddlers you want to import and entered any extra tags, press ''[import]'' to begin copying them to the current TiddlyWiki document.
''select: all, new, changes, or differences''
You can click on ''all'', ''new'', ''changes'', or ''differences'' to automatically select a subset of tiddlers from the list. This makes it very quick and easy to find and import just the updated tiddlers you are interested in:
>''"all"'' selects ALL tiddlers from the import source document, even if they have not been changed.
>''"new"'' selects only tiddlers that are found in the import source document, but do not yet exist in the destination document
>''"changes"'' selects only tiddlers that exist in both documents but that are newer in the source document
>''"differences"'' selects all new and existing tiddlers that are different from the destination document (even if destination tiddler is newer)
''Import Tagging:''
Tiddlers that have been imported can be automatically tagged, so they will be easier to find later on, after they have been added to your document. New tags are entered into the "add tags" input field, and then //added// to the existing tags for each tiddler as it is imported.
''Skip, Rename, Merge, or Replace:''
When importing a tiddler whose title is identical to one that already exists, the import process pauses and the tiddler title is displayed in an input field, along with four push buttons: ''[skip]'', ''[rename]'', ''[merge]'' and ''[replace]''.
To bypass importing this tiddler, press ''[skip]''. To import the tiddler with a different name (so that both the tiddlers will exist when the import is done), enter a new title in the input field and then press ''[rename]''. Press ''[merge]'' to combine the content from both tiddlers into a single tiddler. Press ''[replace]'' to overwrite the existing tiddler with the imported one, discarding the previous tiddler content.
//Note: if both the title ''and'' modification date/////time match, the imported tiddler is assumed to be identical to the existing one, and will be automatically skipped (i.e., not imported) without asking.//
''Import Report History''
When tiddlers are imported, a report is generated into ImportedTiddlers, indicating when the latest import was performed, the number of tiddlers successfully imported, from what location, and by whom. It also includes a list with the title, date and author of each tiddler that was imported.
When the import process is completed, the ImportedTiddlers report is automatically displayed for your review. If more tiddlers are subsequently imported, a new report is //added// to ImportedTiddlers, above the previous report (i.e., at the top of the tiddler), so that a reverse-chronological history of imports is maintained.
If a cumulative record is not desired, the ImportedTiddlers report may be deleted at any time. A new ImportedTiddlers report will be created the next time tiddlers are imported.
Note: You can prevent the ImportedTiddlers report from being generated for any given import activity by clearing the "create a report" checkbox before beginning the import processing.
<<<
!!!!!Installation
<<<
copy/paste the following tiddlers into your document:
''ImportTiddlersPlugin'' (tagged with <<tag systemConfig>>)
create/edit ''SideBarOptions'': (sidebar menu items)
^^Add {{{<<importTiddlers>>}}} macro^^
''Quick Installation Tip #1:''
If you are using an unmodified version of TiddlyWiki (core release version <<version>>), you can get a new, empty TiddlyWiki with the Import Tiddlers plugin pre-installed (''[[download from here|TW+ImportExport.html]]''), and then simply import all your content from your old document into this new, empty document.
<<<
!!!!!Revision History
<<<
''2007.04.19 [3.5.1]'' in readTiddlersFromHTML(), for TW2.2 and above, use importTiddlyWiki() (new core functionality) to get tiddlers from remote file content. Also, copied updated TW21Loader.prototype.internalizeTiddler() definition from TW2.2b5 so plugin can read tiddlers from TW2.2+ even when running under TW2.1.x
''2007.03.22 [3.5.0]'' in refreshImportList(), add handling for 'select section' when a heading is selected. Makes it really easy to import by tag or date!
''2007.03.21 [3.4.0]'' split loadTiddlers functionality into separate plugin (see LoadTiddlersPlugin)
''2007.03.20 [3.3.1]'' tweak to previous change to allow relative file references via http: (bypasses getLocalPath() so remote URL will be used)
''2007.03.20 [3.3.0]'' added support for local, relative file references: in loadRemoteFile(), check for fileExists(). If not found, prepend relative path location and try again. Allows use of simple "foo.html" file references with importTiddlers and/or loadTiddlers macros
''2007.02.24 [3.2.1]'' re-labeled control panel "open" button to "load" to avoid confusion with "open" button in system-provided Browse... dialog. (i.e., "browse, open, open" becomes "browse, open, load")
''2007.02.09 [3.2.0]'' loadTiddlers: added support for "noReload" tag (prevents overwriting existing tiddler, even if inbound tiddler is newer)
''2007.02.08 [3.1.3]'' loadTiddlers: added missing code and documentation for "newTags" handling (a feature change from long, long ago that somehow got lost!)
|please see [[ImportTiddlersPluginHistory]] for additional revision details|
''2005.07.20 [1.0.0]'' Initial Release
<<<
!!!!!Credits
<<<
This feature was developed by EricShulman from [[ELS Design Studios|http:/www.elsdesign.com]]
<<<
!!!!!Code
***/
// // ''MACRO DEFINITION''
//{{{
// Version
version.extensions.importTiddlers = {major: 3, minor: 5, revision: 1, date: new Date(2007,4,19)};
// IE needs explicit global scoping for functions/vars called from browser events
window.onClickImportButton=onClickImportButton;
window.refreshImportList=refreshImportList;
// default cookie/option values
if (!config.options.chkImportReport) config.options.chkImportReport=true;
// fixups for TW2.0.x and earlier
if (window.merge==undefined) window.merge=function(dst,src,preserveExisting)
{ for (p in src) if (!preserveExisting||dst[p]===undefined) dst[p]=src[p]; return dst; }
if (config.macros.importTiddlers==undefined) config.macros.importTiddlers={ };
merge(config.macros.importTiddlers,{
label: "import tiddlers",
prompt: "Copy tiddlers from another document",
openMsg: "Opening %0",
openErrMsg: "Could not open %0 - error=%1",
readMsg: "Read %0 bytes from %1",
foundMsg: "Found %0 tiddlers in %1",
countMsg: "%0 tiddlers selected for import",
importedMsg: "Imported %0 of %1 tiddlers from %2",
src: "", // path/filename or URL of document to import (retrieved from SiteUrl tiddler)
proxy: "", // URL for remote proxy script (retrieved from SiteProxy tiddler)
useProxy: false, // use specific proxy script in front of remote URL
inbound: null, // hash-indexed array of tiddlers from other document
newTags: "", // text of tags added to imported tiddlers
addTags: true, // add new tags to imported tiddlers
listsize: 8, // # of lines to show in imported tiddler list
importTags: true, // include tags from remote source document when importing a tiddler
keepTags: true, // retain existing tags when replacing a tiddler
index: 0, // current processing index in import list
sort: "" // sort order for imported tiddler listbox
});
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.coreHandler==undefined)
config.macros.importTiddlers.coreHandler=config.macros.importTiddlers.handler; // save built-in handler
config.macros.importTiddlers.handler = function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
if (!params[0] || params[0].toLowerCase()=='core') { // default to built in
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.coreHandler)
config.macros.importTiddlers.coreHandler.apply(this,arguments);
else
createTiddlyButton(place,this.label,this.prompt,onClickImportMenu);
}
else if (params[0]=='link') // show link to floating panel
createTiddlyButton(place,this.label,this.prompt,onClickImportMenu);
else if (params[0]=='inline') {// show panel as INLINE tiddler content
createImportPanel(place);
document.getElementById("importPanel").style.position="static";
document.getElementById("importPanel").style.display="block";
}
else if (config.macros.loadTiddlers)
config.macros.loadTiddlers.handler(place,macroName,params); // any other params: loadtiddlers
}
//}}}
// // ''INTERFACE DEFINITION''
// // Handle link click to create/show/hide control panel
//{{{
function onClickImportMenu(e)
{
if (!e) var e = window.event;
var parent=resolveTarget(e).parentNode;
var panel = document.getElementById("importPanel");
if (panel==undefined || panel.parentNode!=parent)
panel=createImportPanel(parent);
var isOpen = panel.style.display=="block";
if(config.options.chkAnimate)
anim.stopAnimating(new Slider(panel,!isOpen,e.shiftKey || e.altKey,"none"));
else
panel.style.display = isOpen ? "none" : "block" ;
e.cancelBubble = true;
if (e.stopPropagation) e.stopPropagation();
return(false);
}
//}}}
// // Create control panel: HTML, CSS
//{{{
function createImportPanel(place) {
var panel=document.getElementById("importPanel");
if (panel) { panel.parentNode.removeChild(panel); }
setStylesheet(config.macros.importTiddlers.css,"importTiddlers");
panel=createTiddlyElement(place,"span","importPanel",null,null)
panel.innerHTML=config.macros.importTiddlers.html;
refreshImportList();
var siteURL=store.getTiddlerText("SiteUrl"); if (!siteURL) siteURL="";
document.getElementById("importSourceURL").value=siteURL;
config.macros.importTiddlers.src=siteURL;
var siteProxy=store.getTiddlerText("SiteProxy"); if (!siteProxy) siteProxy="SiteProxy";
document.getElementById("importSiteProxy").value=siteProxy;
config.macros.importTiddlers.proxy=siteProxy;
return panel;
}
//}}}
// // CSS
//{{{
config.macros.importTiddlers.css = '\
#importPanel {\
display: none; position:absolute; z-index:11; width:35em; right:105%; top:3em;\
background-color: #eee; color:#000; font-size: 8pt; line-height:110%;\
border:1px solid black; border-bottom-width: 3px; border-right-width: 3px;\
padding: 0.5em; margin:0em; -moz-border-radius:1em;\
}\
#importPanel a, #importPanel td a { color:#009; display:inline; margin:0px; padding:1px; }\
#importPanel table { width:100%; border:0px; padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:8pt; line-height:110%; background:transparent; }\
#importPanel tr { border:0px;padding:0px;margin:0px; background:transparent; }\
#importPanel td { color:#000; border:0px;padding:0px;margin:0px; background:transparent; }\
#importPanel select { width:98%;margin:0px;font-size:8pt;line-height:110%;}\
#importPanel input { width:98%;padding:0px;margin:0px;font-size:8pt;line-height:110%}\
#importPanel .box { border:1px solid black; padding:3px; margin-bottom:5px; background:#f8f8f8; -moz-border-radius:5px;}\
#importPanel .topline { border-top:2px solid black; padding-top:3px; margin-bottom:5px; }\
#importPanel .rad { width:auto; }\
#importPanel .chk { width:auto; margin:1px;border:0; }\
#importPanel .btn { width:auto; }\
#importPanel .btn1 { width:98%; }\
#importPanel .btn2 { width:48%; }\
#importPanel .btn3 { width:32%; }\
#importPanel .btn4 { width:24%; }\
#importPanel .btn5 { width:19%; }\
#importPanel .importButton { padding: 0em; margin: 0px; font-size:8pt; }\
#importPanel .importListButton { padding:0em 0.25em 0em 0.25em; color: #000000; display:inline }\
#importCollisionPanel { display:none; margin:0.5em 0em 0em 0em; }\
';
//}}}
// // HTML
//{{{
config.macros.importTiddlers.html = '\
<!-- source and report -->\
<table><tr><td align=left>\
import from\
<input type="radio" class="rad" name="importFrom" value="file" CHECKED\
onClick="document.getElementById(\'importLocalPanel\').style.display=this.checked?\'block\':\'none\';\
document.getElementById(\'importHTTPPanel\').style.display=!this.checked?\'block\':\'none\'"> local file\
<input type="radio" class="rad" name="importFrom" value="http"\
onClick="document.getElementById(\'importLocalPanel\').style.display=!this.checked?\'block\':\'none\';\
document.getElementById(\'importHTTPPanel\').style.display=this.checked?\'block\':\'none\'"> web server\
</td><td align=right>\
<input type=checkbox class="chk" id="chkImportReport" checked\
onClick="config.options[\'chkImportReport\']=this.checked;"> create a report\
</td></tr></table>\
<!-- import from local file -->\
<div id="importLocalPanel" style="display:block;margin-bottom:5px;margin-top:5px;padding-top:3px;border-top:1px solid #999">\
local document path/filename:<br>\
<input type="file" id="fileImportSource" size=57 style="width:100%"\
onKeyUp="config.macros.importTiddlers.src=this.value"\
onChange="config.macros.importTiddlers.src=this.value;">\
</div><!--panel-->\
\
<!-- import from http server -->\
<div id="importHTTPPanel" style="display:none;margin-bottom:5px;margin-top:5px;padding-top:3px;border-top:1px solid #999">\
<table><tr><td align=left>\
remote document URL:<br>\
</td><td align=right>\
<input type="checkbox" class="chk" id="importUseProxy"\
onClick="config.macros.importTiddlers.useProxy=this.checked;\
document.getElementById(\'importSiteProxy\').style.display=this.checked?\'block\':\'none\'"> use a proxy script\
</td></tr></table>\
<input type="text" id="importSiteProxy" style="display:none;margin-bottom:1px" onfocus="this.select()" value="SiteProxy"\
onKeyUp="config.macros.importTiddlers.proxy=this.value"\
onChange="config.macros.importTiddlers.proxy=this.value;">\
<input type="text" id="importSourceURL" onfocus="this.select()" value="SiteUrl"\
onKeyUp="config.macros.importTiddlers.src=this.value"\
onChange="config.macros.importTiddlers.src=this.value;">\
</div><!--panel-->\
\
<table><tr><td align=left>\
select:\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="importSelectAll"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)" title="select all tiddlers">\
all </a>\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="importSelectNew"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)" title="select tiddlers not already in destination document">\
added </a> \
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="importSelectChanges"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)" title="select tiddlers that have been updated in source document">\
changes </a> \
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="importSelectDifferences"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)" title="select tiddlers that have been added or are different from existing tiddlers">\
differences </a> \
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="importToggleFilter"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)" title="show/hide selection filter">\
filter </a> \
</td><td align=right>\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="importListSmaller"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)" title="reduce list size">\
– </a>\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="importListLarger"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)" title="increase list size">\
+ </a>\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="importListMaximize"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)" title="maximize/restore list size">\
= </a>\
</td></tr></table>\
<select id="importList" size=8 multiple\
onchange="setTimeout(\'refreshImportList(\'+this.selectedIndex+\')\',1)">\
<!-- NOTE: delay refresh so list is updated AFTER onchange event is handled -->\
</select>\
<input type=checkbox class="chk" id="chkAddTags" checked\
onClick="config.macros.importTiddlers.addTags=this.checked;">add new tags \
<input type=checkbox class="chk" id="chkImportTags" checked\
onClick="config.macros.importTiddlers.importTags=this.checked;">import source tags \
<input type=checkbox class="chk" id="chkKeepTags" checked\
onClick="config.macros.importTiddlers.keepTags=this.checked;">keep existing tags<br>\
<input type=text id="txtNewTags" size=15 onKeyUp="config.macros.importTiddlers.newTags=this.value" autocomplete=off>\
<div align=center>\
<input type=button id="importLoad" class="importButton" style="width:32%" value="load"\
title="load listbox with tiddlers from source document"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)">\
<input type=button id="importStart" class="importButton" style="width:32%" value="import"\
title="add selected source tiddlers to the current document"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)">\
<input type=button id="importClose" class="importButton" style="width:32%" value="close"\
title="clear listbox or close control panel"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)">\
</div>\
<div id="importCollisionPanel">\
tiddler already exists:\
<input type=text id="importNewTitle" size=15 autocomplete=off">\
<div align=center>\
<input type=button id="importSkip" class="importButton" style="width:23%" value="skip"\
title="do not import this tiddler"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)">\
<input type=button id="importRename" class="importButton" style="width:23%" value="rename"\
title="rename the incoming tiddler"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)">\
<input type=button id="importMerge" class="importButton" style="width:23%" value="merge"\
title="append the incoming tiddler to the existing tiddler"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)">\
<input type=button id="importReplace" class="importButton" style="width:23%" value="replace"\
title="discard the existing tiddler"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)">\
</div>\
</div>\
';
//}}}
// // Control interactions
//{{{
function onClickImportButton(which)
{
// DEBUG alert(which.id);
var theList = document.getElementById('importList');
if (!theList) return;
var thePanel = document.getElementById('importPanel');
var theCollisionPanel = document.getElementById('importCollisionPanel');
var theNewTitle = document.getElementById('importNewTitle');
var count=0;
switch (which.id)
{
case 'fileImportSource':
case 'importLoad': // load import source into hidden frame
importReport(); // if an import was in progress, generate a report
config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound=null; // clear the imported tiddler buffer
refreshImportList(); // reset/resize the listbox
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.src=="") break;
// Load document into hidden iframe so we can read it's DOM and fill the list
config.macros.importTiddlers.loadRemoteFile(config.macros.importTiddlers.src, function(src,txt) {
var tiddlers = readTiddlersFromHTML(txt);
var count=tiddlers?tiddlers.length:0;
displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.foundMsg.format([count,src]));
config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound=tiddlers;
window.refreshImportList(0);
});
break;
case 'importSelectAll': // select all tiddler list items (i.e., not headings)
importReport(); // if an import was in progress, generate a report
for (var t=0,count=0; t < theList.options.length; t++) {
if (theList.options[t].value=="") continue;
theList.options[t].selected=true;
count++;
}
clearMessage(); displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.countMsg.format([count]));
break;
case 'importSelectNew': // select tiddlers not in current document
importReport(); // if an import was in progress, generate a report
for (var t=0,count=0; t < theList.options.length; t++) {
theList.options[t].selected=false;
if (theList.options[t].value=="") continue;
theList.options[t].selected=!store.tiddlerExists(theList.options[t].value);
count+=theList.options[t].selected?1:0;
}
clearMessage(); displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.countMsg.format([count]));
break;
case 'importSelectChanges': // select tiddlers that are updated from existing tiddlers
importReport(); // if an import was in progress, generate a report
for (var t=0,count=0; t < theList.options.length; t++) {
theList.options[t].selected=false;
if (theList.options[t].value==""||!store.tiddlerExists(theList.options[t].value)) continue;
for (var i=0; i<config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound.length; i++) // find matching inbound tiddler
{ var inbound=config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[i]; if (inbound.title==theList.options[t].value) break; }
theList.options[t].selected=(inbound.modified-store.getTiddler(theList.options[t].value).modified>0); // updated tiddler
count+=theList.options[t].selected?1:0;
}
clearMessage(); displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.countMsg.format([count]));
break;
case 'importSelectDifferences': // select tiddlers that are new or different from existing tiddlers
importReport(); // if an import was in progress, generate a report
for (var t=0,count=0; t < theList.options.length; t++) {
theList.options[t].selected=false;
if (theList.options[t].value=="") continue;
if (!store.tiddlerExists(theList.options[t].value)) { theList.options[t].selected=true; count++; continue; }
for (var i=0; i<config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound.length; i++) // find matching inbound tiddler
{ var inbound=config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[i]; if (inbound.title==theList.options[t].value) break; }
theList.options[t].selected=(inbound.modified-store.getTiddler(theList.options[t].value).modified!=0); // changed tiddler
count+=theList.options[t].selected?1:0;
}
clearMessage(); displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.countMsg.format([count]));
break;
case 'importToggleFilter': // show/hide filter
case 'importFilter': // apply filter
alert("coming soon!");
break;
case 'importStart': // initiate the import processing
importReport(); // if an import was in progress, generate a report
config.macros.importTiddlers.index=0;
config.macros.importTiddlers.index=importTiddlers(0);
importStopped();
break;
case 'importClose': // unload imported tiddlers or hide the import control panel
// if imported tiddlers not loaded, close the import control panel
if (!config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound) { thePanel.style.display='none'; break; }
importReport(); // if an import was in progress, generate a report
config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound=null; // clear the imported tiddler buffer
refreshImportList(); // reset/resize the listbox
break;
case 'importSkip': // don't import the tiddler
var theItem = theList.options[config.macros.importTiddlers.index];
for (var j=0;j<config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound.length;j++)
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[j].title==theItem.value) break;
var theImported = config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[j];
theImported.status='skipped after asking'; // mark item as skipped
theCollisionPanel.style.display='none';
config.macros.importTiddlers.index=importTiddlers(config.macros.importTiddlers.index+1); // resume with NEXT item
importStopped();
break;
case 'importRename': // change name of imported tiddler
var theItem = theList.options[config.macros.importTiddlers.index];
for (var j=0;j<config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound.length;j++)
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[j].title==theItem.value) break;
var theImported = config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[j];
theImported.status = 'renamed from '+theImported.title; // mark item as renamed
theImported.set(theNewTitle.value,null,null,null,null); // change the tiddler title
theItem.value = theNewTitle.value; // change the listbox item text
theItem.text = theNewTitle.value; // change the listbox item text
theCollisionPanel.style.display='none';
config.macros.importTiddlers.index=importTiddlers(config.macros.importTiddlers.index); // resume with THIS item
importStopped();
break;
case 'importMerge': // join existing and imported tiddler content
var theItem = theList.options[config.macros.importTiddlers.index];
for (var j=0;j<config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound.length;j++)
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[j].title==theItem.value) break;
var theImported = config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[j];
var theExisting = store.getTiddler(theItem.value);
var theText = theExisting.text+'\n----\n^^merged from: ';
theText +='[['+config.macros.importTiddlers.src+'#'+theItem.value+'|'+config.macros.importTiddlers.src+'#'+theItem.value+']]^^\n';
theText +='^^'+theImported.modified.toLocaleString()+' by '+theImported.modifier+'^^\n'+theImported.text;
var theDate = new Date();
var theTags = theExisting.getTags()+' '+theImported.getTags();
theImported.set(null,theText,null,theDate,theTags);
theImported.status = 'merged with '+theExisting.title; // mark item as merged
theImported.status += ' - '+theExisting.modified.formatString("MM/DD/YYYY 0hh:0mm:0ss");
theImported.status += ' by '+theExisting.modifier;
theCollisionPanel.style.display='none';
config.macros.importTiddlers.index=importTiddlers(config.macros.importTiddlers.index); // resume with this item
importStopped();
break;
case 'importReplace': // substitute imported tiddler for existing tiddler
var theItem = theList.options[config.macros.importTiddlers.index];
for (var j=0;j<config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound.length;j++)
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[j].title==theItem.value) break;
var theImported = config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[j];
var theExisting = store.getTiddler(theItem.value);
theImported.status = 'replaces '+theExisting.title; // mark item for replace
theImported.status += ' - '+theExisting.modified.formatString("MM/DD/YYYY 0hh:0mm:0ss");
theImported.status += ' by '+theExisting.modifier;
theCollisionPanel.style.display='none';
config.macros.importTiddlers.index=importTiddlers(config.macros.importTiddlers.index); // resume with THIS item
importStopped();
break;
case 'importListSmaller': // decrease current listbox size, minimum=5
if (theList.options.length==1) break;
theList.size-=(theList.size>5)?1:0;
config.macros.importTiddlers.listsize=theList.size;
break;
case 'importListLarger': // increase current listbox size, maximum=number of items in list
if (theList.options.length==1) break;
theList.size+=(theList.size<theList.options.length)?1:0;
config.macros.importTiddlers.listsize=theList.size;
break;
case 'importListMaximize': // toggle listbox size between current and maximum
if (theList.options.length==1) break;
theList.size=(theList.size==theList.options.length)?config.macros.importTiddlers.listsize:theList.options.length;
break;
}
}
//}}}
// // refresh listbox
//{{{
function refreshImportList(selectedIndex)
{
var theList = document.getElementById("importList");
if (!theList) return;
// if nothing to show, reset list content and size
if (!config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound)
{
while (theList.length > 0) { theList.options[0] = null; }
theList.options[0]=new Option('please open a document...',"",false,false);
theList.size=config.macros.importTiddlers.listsize;
return;
}
// get the sort order
if (!selectedIndex) selectedIndex=0;
if (selectedIndex==0) config.macros.importTiddlers.sort='title'; // heading
if (selectedIndex==1) config.macros.importTiddlers.sort='title';
if (selectedIndex==2) config.macros.importTiddlers.sort='modified';
if (selectedIndex==3) config.macros.importTiddlers.sort='tags';
if (selectedIndex>3) {
// display selected tiddler count
for (var t=0,count=0; t < theList.options.length; t++) {
if (!theList.options[t].selected) continue;
if (theList.options[t].value!="")
count+=1;
else { // if heading is selected, deselect it, and then select and count all in section
theList.options[t].selected=false;
for ( t++; t<theList.options.length && theList.options[t].value!=""; t++) {
theList.options[t].selected=true;
count++;
}
}
}
clearMessage(); displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.countMsg.format([count]));
return; // no refresh needed
}
// get the alphasorted list of tiddlers (optionally, filter out unchanged tiddlers)
var tiddlers=config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound;
tiddlers.sort(function (a,b) {if(a['title'] == b['title']) return(0); else return (a['title'] < b['title']) ? -1 : +1; });
// clear current list contents
while (theList.length > 0) { theList.options[0] = null; }
// add heading and control items to list
var i=0;
var indent=String.fromCharCode(160)+String.fromCharCode(160);
theList.options[i++]=new Option(tiddlers.length+' tiddler'+((tiddlers.length!=1)?'s are':' is')+' in the document',"",false,false);
theList.options[i++]=new Option(((config.macros.importTiddlers.sort=="title" )?">":indent)+' [by title]',"",false,false);
theList.options[i++]=new Option(((config.macros.importTiddlers.sort=="modified")?">":indent)+' [by date]',"",false,false);
theList.options[i++]=new Option(((config.macros.importTiddlers.sort=="tags")?">":indent)+' [by tags]',"",false,false);
// output the tiddler list
switch(config.macros.importTiddlers.sort)
{
case "title":
for(var t = 0; t < tiddlers.length; t++)
theList.options[i++] = new Option(tiddlers[t].title,tiddlers[t].title,false,false);
break;
case "modified":
// sort descending for newest date first
tiddlers.sort(function (a,b) {if(a['modified'] == b['modified']) return(0); else return (a['modified'] > b['modified']) ? -1 : +1; });
var lastSection = "";
for(var t = 0; t < tiddlers.length; t++) {
var tiddler = tiddlers[t];
var theSection = tiddler.modified.toLocaleDateString();
if (theSection != lastSection) {
theList.options[i++] = new Option(theSection,"",false,false);
lastSection = theSection;
}
theList.options[i++] = new Option(indent+indent+tiddler.title,tiddler.title,false,false);
}
break;
case "tags":
var theTitles = {}; // all tiddler titles, hash indexed by tag value
var theTags = new Array();
for(var t=0; t<tiddlers.length; t++) {
var title=tiddlers[t].title;
var tags=tiddlers[t].tags;
if (!tags || !tags.length) {
if (theTitles["untagged"]==undefined) { theTags.push("untagged"); theTitles["untagged"]=new Array(); }
theTitles["untagged"].push(title);
}
else for(var s=0; s<tags.length; s++) {
if (theTitles[tags[s]]==undefined) { theTags.push(tags[s]); theTitles[tags[s]]=new Array(); }
theTitles[tags[s]].push(title);
}
}
theTags.sort();
for(var tagindex=0; tagindex<theTags.length; tagindex++) {
var theTag=theTags[tagindex];
theList.options[i++]=new Option(theTag,"",false,false);
for(var t=0; t<theTitles[theTag].length; t++)
theList.options[i++]=new Option(indent+indent+theTitles[theTag][t],theTitles[theTag][t],false,false);
}
break;
}
theList.selectedIndex=selectedIndex; // select current control item
if (theList.size<config.macros.importTiddlers.listsize) theList.size=config.macros.importTiddlers.listsize;
if (theList.size>theList.options.length) theList.size=theList.options.length;
}
//}}}
// // re-entrant processing for handling import with interactive collision prompting
//{{{
function importTiddlers(startIndex)
{
if (!config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound) return -1;
var theList = document.getElementById('importList');
if (!theList) return;
var t;
// if starting new import, reset import status flags
if (startIndex==0)
for (var t=0;t<config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound.length;t++)
config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[t].status="";
for (var i=startIndex; i<theList.options.length; i++)
{
// if list item is not selected or is a heading (i.e., has no value), skip it
if ((!theList.options[i].selected) || ((t=theList.options[i].value)==""))
continue;
for (var j=0;j<config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound.length;j++)
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[j].title==t) break;
var inbound = config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[j];
var theExisting = store.getTiddler(inbound.title);
// avoid redundant import for tiddlers that are listed multiple times (when 'by tags')
if (inbound.status=="added")
continue;
// don't import the "ImportedTiddlers" history from the other document...
if (inbound.title=='ImportedTiddlers')
continue;
// if tiddler exists and import not marked for replace or merge, stop importing
if (theExisting && (inbound.status.substr(0,7)!="replace") && (inbound.status.substr(0,5)!="merge"))
return i;
// assemble tags (remote + existing + added)
var newTags = "";
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.importTags)
newTags+=inbound.getTags() // import remote tags
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.keepTags && theExisting)
newTags+=" "+theExisting.getTags(); // keep existing tags
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.addTags && config.macros.importTiddlers.newTags.trim().length)
newTags+=" "+config.macros.importTiddlers.newTags; // add new tags
inbound.set(null,null,null,null,newTags.trim());
// set the status to 'added' (if not already set by the 'ask the user' UI)
inbound.status=(inbound.status=="")?'added':inbound.status;
// do the import!
// OLD: store.addTiddler(in); store.setDirty(true);
store.saveTiddler(inbound.title, inbound.title, inbound.text, inbound.modifier, inbound.modified, inbound.tags);
store.fetchTiddler(inbound.title).created = inbound.created; // force creation date to imported value
}
return(-1); // signals that we really finished the entire list
}
//}}}
//{{{
function importStopped()
{
var theList = document.getElementById('importList');
var theNewTitle = document.getElementById('importNewTitle');
if (!theList) return;
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.index==-1)
importReport(); // import finished... generate the report
else
{
// DEBUG alert('import stopped at: '+config.macros.importTiddlers.index);
// import collision... show the collision panel and set the title edit field
document.getElementById('importCollisionPanel').style.display='block';
theNewTitle.value=theList.options[config.macros.importTiddlers.index].value;
}
}
//}}}
// // ''REPORT GENERATOR''
//{{{
function importReport(quiet)
{
if (!config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound) return;
// DEBUG alert('importReport: start');
// if import was not completed, the collision panel will still be open... close it now.
var panel=document.getElementById('importCollisionPanel'); if (panel) panel.style.display='none';
// get the alphasorted list of tiddlers
var tiddlers = config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound;
// gather the statistics
var count=0;
for (var t=0; t<tiddlers.length; t++)
if (tiddlers[t].status && tiddlers[t].status.trim().length && tiddlers[t].status.substr(0,7)!="skipped") count++;
// generate a report
if (count && config.options.chkImportReport) {
// get/create the report tiddler
var theReport = store.getTiddler('ImportedTiddlers');
if (!theReport) { theReport= new Tiddler(); theReport.title = 'ImportedTiddlers'; theReport.text = ""; }
// format the report content
var now = new Date();
var newText = "On "+now.toLocaleString()+", "+config.options.txtUserName
newText +=" imported "+count+" tiddler"+(count==1?"":"s")+" from\n[["+config.macros.importTiddlers.src+"|"+config.macros.importTiddlers.src+"]]:\n";
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.addTags && config.macros.importTiddlers.newTags.trim().length)
newText += "imported tiddlers were tagged with: \""+config.macros.importTiddlers.newTags+"\"\n";
newText += "<<<\n";
for (var t=0; t<tiddlers.length; t++) if (tiddlers[t].status) newText += "#[["+tiddlers[t].title+"]] - "+tiddlers[t].status+"\n";
newText += "<<<\n";
// update the ImportedTiddlers content and show the tiddler
theReport.text = newText+((theReport.text!="")?'\n----\n':"")+theReport.text;
theReport.modifier = config.options.txtUserName;
theReport.modified = new Date();
store.saveTiddler(theReport.title, theReport.title, theReport.text, theReport.modifier, theReport.modified, theReport.tags);
if (!quiet) { story.displayTiddler(null,theReport.title,1,null,null,false); story.refreshTiddler(theReport.title,1,true); }
}
// reset status flags
for (var t=0; t<config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound.length; t++) config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[t].status="";
// refresh display if tiddlers have been loaded
if (count) { store.setDirty(true); store.notifyAll(); }
// always show final message when tiddlers were actually loaded
if (count) displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.importedMsg.format([count,tiddlers.length,config.macros.importTiddlers.src]));
}
//}}}
// // File and XMLHttpRequest I/O
//{{{
config.macros.importTiddlers.fileExists=function(theFile) {
var found=false;
// DEBUG: alert('testing fileExists('+theFile+')...');
if(window.Components) {
try { netscape.security.PrivilegeManager.enablePrivilege("UniversalXPConnect"); }
catch(e) { return false; } // security access denied
var file = Components.classes["@mozilla.org/file/local;1"].createInstance(Components.interfaces.nsILocalFile);
try { file.initWithPath(theFile); }
catch(e) { return false; } // invalid directory
found = file.exists();
}
else { // use ActiveX FSO object for MSIE
var fso = new ActiveXObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject");
found = fso.FileExists(theFile)
}
// DEBUG: alert(theFile+" "+(found?"exists":"not found"));
return found;
}
config.macros.importTiddlers.loadRemoteFile = function(src,callback,quiet,ask,filter,force) {
if (src==undefined || !src.length) return null; // filename is required
if (!quiet) clearMessage();
if (!quiet) displayMessage(this.openMsg.format([src]));
if (src.substr(0,5)!="http:" && src.substr(0,5)!="file:") { // if src is relative (i.e., not a URL)
if (!this.fileExists(src)) { // if file cannot be found, might be relative path.. try fixup
var pathPrefix=document.location.href; // get current document path and trim off filename
var slashpos=pathPrefix.lastIndexOf("/"); if (slashpos==-1) slashpos=pathPrefix.lastIndexOf("\\");
if (slashpos!=-1 && slashpos!=pathPrefix.length-1) pathPrefix=pathPrefix.substr(0,slashpos+1);
src=pathPrefix+src;
if (pathPrefix.substr(0,5)!="http:") src=getLocalPath(src);
}
}
if (src.substr(0,4)!="http" && src.substr(0,4)!="file") { // if not a URL, read from local filesystem
var txt=loadFile(src);
if ((txt==null)||(txt==false)) // file didn't load
{ if (!quiet) displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.openErrMsg.format([src,"(unknown)"])); }
else {
if (!quiet) displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.readMsg.format([txt.length,src]));
if (callback) callback(src,convertUTF8ToUnicode(txt),quiet,ask,filter,force);
}
}
else {
var x; // get an request object
try {x = new XMLHttpRequest()} // moz
catch(e) {
try {x = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP")} // IE 6
catch (e) {
try {x = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP")} // IE 5
catch (e) { return }
}
}
// setup callback function to handle server response(s)
x.onreadystatechange = function() {
if (x.readyState == 4) {
if (x.status==0 || x.status == 200) {
if (!quiet) displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.readMsg.format([x.responseText.length,src]));
if (callback) callback(src,x.responseText,quiet,ask,filter,force);
}
else {
if (!quiet) displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.openErrMsg.format([src,x.status]));
}
}
}
// get privileges to read another document's DOM via http:// or file:// (moz-only)
if (typeof(netscape)!="undefined") {
try { netscape.security.PrivilegeManager.enablePrivilege("UniversalBrowserRead"); }
catch (e) { if (!quiet) displayMessage(e.description?e.description:e.toString()); }
}
// send the HTTP request
try {
var url=src+(src.indexOf('?')<0?'?':'&')+'nocache='+Math.random();
x.open("GET",src,true);
if (x.overrideMimeType) x.overrideMimeType('text/html');
x.send(null);
}
catch (e) {
if (!quiet) {
displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.openErrMsg.format([src,"(unknown)"]));
displayMessage(e.description?e.description:e.toString());
}
}
}
}
function readTiddlersFromHTML(html)
{
// for TW2.2+
if (TiddlyWiki.prototype.importTiddlyWiki!=undefined) {
var remoteStore=new TiddlyWiki();
remoteStore.importTiddlyWiki(html);
return remoteStore.getTiddlers("title");
}
// for TW2.1 and earlier
// extract store area from html
var start=html.indexOf('<div id="storeArea">');
var end=html.indexOf("<!--POST-BODY-START--"+">",start);
if (end==-1) var end=html.indexOf("</body"+">",start); // backward-compatibility for older documents
var sa="<html><body>"+html.substring(start,end)+"</body></html>";
// load html into iframe document
var f=document.getElementById("loaderFrame"); if (f) document.body.removeChild(f);
f=document.createElement("iframe"); f.id="loaderFrame";
f.style.width="0px"; f.style.height="0px"; f.style.border="0px";
document.body.appendChild(f);
var d=f.document;
if (f.contentDocument) d=f.contentDocument; // For NS6
else if (f.contentWindow) d=f.contentWindow.document; // For IE5.5 and IE6
d.open(); d.writeln(sa); d.close();
// read tiddler DIVs from storeArea DOM element
var sa = d.getElementById("storeArea");
if (!sa) return null;
sa.normalize();
var nodes = sa.childNodes;
if (!nodes || !nodes.length) return null;
var tiddlers = [];
for(var t = 0; t < nodes.length; t++) {
var title = null;
if(nodes[t].getAttribute)
title = nodes[t].getAttribute("title"); // TW 2.2+
if(!title && nodes[t].getAttribute)
title = nodes[t].getAttribute("tiddler"); // TW 2.1.x
if(!title && nodes[t].id && (nodes[t].id.substr(0,5) == "store"))
title = nodes[t].id.substr(5); // TW 1.2.x
if(title && title != "")
tiddlers.push((new Tiddler()).loadFromDiv(nodes[t],title));
}
return tiddlers;
}
//}}}
// // COPIED FROM TW2.2beta5
// // enables reading tiddler definitions using TW2.2 storeArea format, even when plugin is running under TW2.1.x
// // storeArea format changes include:
// // <pre> nodes
// // attribute(tiddler) renamed to attribute(title)
// // attribute(modified) is omitted if created==modified
//{{{
if (version.major+version.minor/10 <= 2.1) TW21Loader.prototype.internalizeTiddler = function(store,tiddler,title,node)
{
var e = node.firstChild;
var text = null;
if(node.getAttribute("tiddler")) {
text = getNodeText(e).unescapeLineBreaks();
} else {
while(e.nodeName!="PRE" && e.nodeName!="pre") {
e = e.nextSibling;
}
text = e.innerHTML.replace(/\r/mg,"").htmlDecode();
}
var modifier = node.getAttribute("modifier");
var c = node.getAttribute("created");
var m = node.getAttribute("modified");
var created = c ? Date.convertFromYYYYMMDDHHMM(c) : version.date;
var modified = m ? Date.convertFromYYYYMMDDHHMM(m) : created;
var tags = node.getAttribute("tags");
var fields = {};
var attrs = node.attributes;
for(var i = attrs.length-1; i >= 0; i--) {
var name = attrs[i].name;
if (attrs[i].specified && !TiddlyWiki.isStandardField(name)) {
fields[name] = attrs[i].value.unescapeLineBreaks();
}
}
tiddler.assign(title,text,modifier,modified,tags,created,fields);
return tiddler;
};
//}}}
On 25 April 2007 14:04:52, KeithRichardson imported 2 tiddlers from
[[http://tiddlythemes.com/empties/DevFire.html|http://tiddlythemes.com/empties/DevFire.html]]:
<<<
#[[PageTemplate]] - replaces PageTemplate - 1/12/2007 23:13:00 by YourName
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[[http://tiddlythemes.com/empties/Bleach.html|http://tiddlythemes.com/empties/Bleach.html]]:
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[[http://tiddlythemes.com/|http://tiddlythemes.com/]]:
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On 25 April 2007 13:54:36, KeithRichardson imported 1 tiddler from
[[F:\JSAS\http_root\www\wikis\princewiki\starthere.html|F:\JSAS\http_root\www\wikis\princewiki\starthere.html]]:
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On 25 April 2007 13:53:05, KeithRichardson imported 6 tiddlers from
[[F:\JSAS\http_root\www\wikis\princewiki\starthere.html|F:\JSAS\http_root\www\wikis\princewiki\starthere.html]]:
<<<
#[[*Offline Sites]] - added
#[[ConfigurationSummary]] - added
#[[InlineJavascriptPlugin]] - added
#[[Latest news clips]] - added
#[[SiteSubtitle]] - replaces SiteSubtitle - 4/25/2007 13:42:00 by YourName
#[[SiteTitle]] - replaces SiteTitle - 4/25/2007 13:42:00 by YourName
<<<
!Spicy raita
Raita is served as a cooling dish in most Indian states. I’ve found that having raita on the menu at Rasa is essential - British people are used to having raitas with Indian meals - and we make them in a number of ways. South Indians like their raitas to have plenty of flavour and colour. This one helps make a meal of a spicy treat and has proved most popular with our Indian customers. If you prefer a mild raita, just omit the chillies. Serves 4.
200g plain yogurt
1 tomato, cubed
50g cucumber, cubed
3 fresh green chillies, finely sliced
1.5cm cube fresh root ginger, finely chopped
a few sprigs of fresh coriander, chopped
a pinch of chilli powder
In a large bowl, combine the yogurt, tomato, cucumber, green chillies and ginger. Mix well, then garnish with the coriander and chilli powder. Serve cold.
!Tomatoes with turmeric and yoghurt
A tomato curry with a deeply spiced brick- red sauce. Wonderful with brown rice.
serves 4
onions - 2 medium
groundnut oil - 3 tbs
garlic - 4 juicy cloves
a hot red chilli
brown mustard seed - 1 tsp
ground turmeric - 2 tsp
cumin seed - 2 tsp
a ‘thumb’ of ginger
crushed tinned tomatoes - 400g
largish tomatoes - 8-12 (Marmande would be just right)
thick yoghurt - 100g
Peel the onions and roughly chop them, then let them cook slowly in groundnut oil over a low to moderate heat. Peel the garlic, slice it thinly then add it to the onions.Chop the chilli finely and add it, with its seeds, to the onions. Stir in the mustard seed, turmeric and cumin seed and continue cooking. Peel the ginger then cut it into matchstick-sized shreds. Add it to the pan and let it cook briefly before you add the tinned tomatoes, 400ml of water and a grinding of black pepper and salt. Turn up the heat and bring to the boil, then add the whole tomatoes.
Turn the heat down to a gentle simmer and leave to cook, covered with a lid, for 25 to 35 minutes, turning the tomatoes once or twice during cooking. You want them to soften but not totally collapse. Add a little more water should the mixture thicken too quickly.
Push the tomatoes to one side, then stir in the yoghurt. Let the sauce heat through, stirring gently, but without letting it come to the boil. Serve with rice or warm naan
!Roast chicken and mint salad
A sound use for leftover pilau rice, but so good is it that I often cook a pan of rice especially. I usually use leftover roast chicken, but there is no reason why one couldn’t roast a couple of breasts. A nice garden lunch this one.
serves 3
basmati rice - 200g
sprouted seeds (mung, lentils etc) - 175g
small, hot red chillies - 2
mint - 6 bushy sprigs
nam pla (Thai fish sauce) - 2 tbs
lime juice - 2 tbs
olive oil - 3 tbs
2 roast chicken breasts or leftover chicken
Wash the rice then put it into a small pan covered by about the same volume of water. Add a little salt and bring to the boil. Turn down to a jolly simmer and cover with a tight lid.When the water has evaporated (and deep holes have appeared in the surface) test it for tenderness. Turn the heat off, then leave the rice covered with its lid for 10 minutes. Fluff up the rice with a fork and leave to cool. Rinse the sprouted seeds in cold running water and drain. Make the dressing by chopping and seeding the chillies, chopping the mint leaves (and discarding the stem) and mixing in a serving dish with the nam pla, lime juice and olive oil.Cut the chicken into thin strips. Toss them with the dressing then add the cooled rice. Mix gently then check the seasoning. You may need a little salt. Leave for 20 minutes or so for the flavours to marry.
#Raw materials
#Process
#Shape
#Produce end product
----
+++[Research sources]
https://www.emeraldinsight.com/
[[Aslib Proceedings|https://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?issn=0001-253X]]
===
There is some information here: [url]http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0HKL/is_1_8/ai_76445405[/url]
"Ultrasound uses a single high frequency (20,000-1,000,000 Hz) to stimulate a local area and heat up tissue. Therapeutic infrasound produces alpha sound waves in the approximate range of 8 to 14Hz in a multiple, random, chaotic signal. The sound waves travel and penetrate deeply throughout the body. Infrasound can be applied over a plaster cast, boots or wraps. Unlike a single frequency, the chaotic nature of the infrasound overrides the body's natural ability to tune out a rhythmic, predictable pattern. Infrasound is inaudible to the human ear and can travel great distances without distortion. It is, in fact, what whales use to communicate."
I've just discovered ultrasound for my knee cartilage teat and now you send me on another wild chase after yet another therapy! I'm making notes here: [url]http://mediawiki.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/index.php/Category:Health[/url]. Please add your findings if you want.
There seems to be a lot of positive results from these "alternative" medical therapies and I've learnt not to discount them. Doctors are a very conservative breed and are not generally very up to date on cutting edge therapies.
I found out that there are now cheap home ultrasound devices and I've bought one. Maybe you can buy an infra sound one yourself if there is one available yet.
Also it depends on what your condition is - the purpose of many of these deep tissue therapies is to stimulate the blood supply and to transport and focus nutrients in a particular area to allow your own defence systems to get to work. They can't repair cartilage splits (like mine) or broken bones but they can speed up the repair and protect process - or so I have understood since I'm not a medical professional.
Source: [[Infra sound treatment - HealthBoards Message Boards|http://www.healthboards.com/boards/showthread.php?p=3920319#post3920319]]
http://mediawiki.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/index.php?title=Sound_therapy_gadgets
/***
|Name|InlineJavascriptPlugin|
|Source|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#InlineJavascriptPlugin|
|Version|1.6.0|
|Author|Eric Shulman - ELS Design Studios|
|License|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#LegalStatements <<br>>and [[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]|
|~CoreVersion|2.1|
|Type|plugin|
|Requires||
|Overrides||
|Description|Insert Javascript executable code directly into your tiddler content.|
''Call directly into TW core utility routines, define new functions, calculate values, add dynamically-generated TiddlyWiki-formatted output'' into tiddler content, or perform any other programmatic actions each time the tiddler is rendered.
!!!!!Usage
<<<
When installed, this plugin adds new wiki syntax for surrounding tiddler content with {{{<script>}}} and {{{</script>}}} markers, so that it can be treated as embedded javascript and executed each time the tiddler is rendered.
''Deferred execution from an 'onClick' link''
By including a {{{label="..."}}} parameter in the initial {{{<script>}}} marker, the plugin will create a link to an 'onclick' script that will only be executed when that specific link is clicked, rather than running the script each time the tiddler is rendered. You may also include a {{{title="..."}}} parameter to specify the 'tooltip' text that will appear whenever the mouse is moved over the onClick link text
''External script source files:''
You can also load javascript from an external source URL, by including a src="..." parameter in the initial {{{<script>}}} marker (e.g., {{{<script src="demo.js"></script>}}}). This is particularly useful when incorporating third-party javascript libraries for use in custom extensions and plugins. The 'foreign' javascript code remains isolated in a separate file that can be easily replaced whenever an updated library file becomes available.
''Display script source in tiddler output''
By including the keyword parameter "show", in the initial {{{<script>}}} marker, the plugin will include the script source code in the output that it displays in the tiddler.
''Defining javascript functions and libraries:''
Although the external javascript file is loaded while the tiddler content is being rendered, any functions it defines will not be available for use until //after// the rendering has been completed. Thus, you cannot load a library and //immediately// use it's functions within the same tiddler. However, once that tiddler has been loaded, the library functions can be freely used in any tiddler (even the one in which it was initially loaded).
To ensure that your javascript functions are always available when needed, you should load the libraries from a tiddler that will be rendered as soon as your TiddlyWiki document is opened. For example, you could put your {{{<script src="..."></script>}}} syntax into a tiddler called LoadScripts, and then add {{{<<tiddler LoadScripts>>}}} in your MainMenu tiddler.
Since the MainMenu is always rendered immediately upon opening your document, the library will always be loaded before any other tiddlers that rely upon the functions it defines. Loading an external javascript library does not produce any direct output in the tiddler, so these definitions should have no impact on the appearance of your MainMenu.
''Creating dynamic tiddler content''
An important difference between this implementation of embedded scripting and conventional embedded javascript techniques for web pages is the method used to produce output that is dynamically inserted into the document:
* In a typical web document, you use the document.write() function to output text sequences (often containing HTML tags) that are then rendered when the entire document is first loaded into the browser window.
* However, in a ~TiddlyWiki document, tiddlers (and other DOM elements) are created, deleted, and rendered "on-the-fly", so writing directly to the global 'document' object does not produce the results you want (i.e., replacing the embedded script within the tiddler content), and completely replaces the entire ~TiddlyWiki document in your browser window.
* To allow these scripts to work unmodified, the plugin automatically converts all occurences of document.write() so that the output is inserted into the tiddler content instead of replacing the entire ~TiddlyWiki document.
If your script does not use document.write() to create dynamically embedded content within a tiddler, your javascript can, as an alternative, explicitly return a text value that the plugin can then pass through the wikify() rendering engine to insert into the tiddler display. For example, using {{{return "thistext"}}} will produce the same output as {{{document.write("thistext")}}}.
//Note: your script code is automatically 'wrapped' inside a function, {{{_out()}}}, so that any return value you provide can be correctly handled by the plugin and inserted into the tiddler. To avoid unpredictable results (and possibly fatal execution errors), this function should never be redefined or called from ''within'' your script code.//
''Accessing the ~TiddlyWiki DOM''
The plugin provides one pre-defined variable, 'place', that is passed in to your javascript code so that it can have direct access to the containing DOM element into which the tiddler output is currently being rendered.
Access to this DOM element allows you to create scripts that can:
* vary their actions based upon the specific location in which they are embedded
* access 'tiddler-relative' information (use findContainingTiddler(place))
* perform direct DOM manipulations (when returning wikified text is not enough)
<<<
!!!!!Examples
<<<
an "alert" message box:
><script show>
alert('InlineJavascriptPlugin: this is a demonstration message');
</script>
dynamic output:
><script show>
return (new Date()).toString();
</script>
wikified dynamic output:
><script show>
return "link to current user: [["+config.options.txtUserName+"]]";
</script>
dynamic output using 'place' to get size information for current tiddler:
><script show>
if (!window.story) window.story=window;
var title=story.findContainingTiddler(place).id.substr(7);
return title+" is using "+store.getTiddlerText(title).length+" bytes";
</script>
creating an 'onclick' button/link that runs a script:
><script label="click here" title="clicking this link will show an 'alert' box" show>
if (!window.story) window.story=window;
alert("Hello World!\nlinktext='"+place.firstChild.data+"'\ntiddler='"+story.findContainingTiddler(place).id.substr(7)+"'");
</script>
loading a script from a source url:
>http://www.TiddlyTools.com/demo.js contains:
>>{{{function demo() { alert('this output is from demo(), defined in demo.js') } }}}
>>{{{alert('InlineJavascriptPlugin: demo.js has been loaded'); }}}
><script src="demo.js" show>
return "loading demo.js..."
</script>
><script label="click to execute demo() function" show>
demo()
</script>
<<<
!!!!!Installation
<<<
import (or copy/paste) the following tiddlers into your document:
''InlineJavascriptPlugin'' (tagged with <<tag systemConfig>>)
<<<
!!!!!Revision History
<<<
''2007.02.19 [1.6.0]'' added support for title="..." to specify mouseover tooltip when using an onclick (label="...") script
''2006.10.16 [1.5.2]'' add newline before closing '}' in 'function out_' wrapper. Fixes error caused when last line of script is a comment.
''2006.06.01 [1.5.1]'' when calling wikify() on script return value, pass hightlightRegExp and tiddler params so macros that rely on these values can render properly
''2006.04.19 [1.5.0]'' added 'show' parameter to force display of javascript source code in tiddler output
''2006.01.05 [1.4.0]'' added support 'onclick' scripts. When label="..." param is present, a button/link is created using the indicated label text, and the script is only executed when the button/link is clicked. 'place' value is set to match the clicked button/link element.
''2005.12.13 [1.3.1]'' when catching eval error in IE, e.description contains the error text, instead of e.toString(). Fixed error reporting so IE shows the correct response text. Based on a suggestion by UdoBorkowski
''2005.11.09 [1.3.0]'' for 'inline' scripts (i.e., not scripts loaded with src="..."), automatically replace calls to 'document.write()' with 'place.innerHTML+=' so script output is directed into tiddler content. Based on a suggestion by BradleyMeck
''2005.11.08 [1.2.0]'' handle loading of javascript from an external URL via src="..." syntax
''2005.11.08 [1.1.0]'' pass 'place' param into scripts to provide direct DOM access
''2005.11.08 [1.0.0]'' initial release
<<<
!!!!!Credits
<<<
This feature was developed by EricShulman from [[ELS Design Studios|http:/www.elsdesign.com]]
<<<
!!!!!Code
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.inlineJavascript= {major: 1, minor: 6, revision: 0, date: new Date(2007,2,19)};
config.formatters.push( {
name: "inlineJavascript",
match: "\\<script",
lookahead: "\\<script(?: src=\\\"((?:.|\\n)*?)\\\")?(?: label=\\\"((?:.|\\n)*?)\\\")?(?: title=\\\"((?:.|\\n)*?)\\\")?( show)?\\>((?:.|\\n)*?)\\</script\\>",
handler: function(w) {
var lookaheadRegExp = new RegExp(this.lookahead,"mg");
lookaheadRegExp.lastIndex = w.matchStart;
var lookaheadMatch = lookaheadRegExp.exec(w.source)
if(lookaheadMatch && lookaheadMatch.index == w.matchStart) {
if (lookaheadMatch[1]) { // load a script library
// make script tag, set src, add to body to execute, then remove for cleanup
var script = document.createElement("script"); script.src = lookaheadMatch[1];
document.body.appendChild(script); document.body.removeChild(script);
}
if (lookaheadMatch[5]) { // there is script code
if (lookaheadMatch[4]) // show inline script code in tiddler output
wikify("{{{\n"+lookaheadMatch[0]+"\n}}}\n",w.output);
if (lookaheadMatch[2]) { // create a link to an 'onclick' script
// add a link, define click handler, save code in link (pass 'place'), set link attributes
var link=createTiddlyElement(w.output,"a",null,"tiddlyLinkExisting",lookaheadMatch[2]);
link.onclick=function(){try{return(eval(this.code))}catch(e){alert(e.description?e.description:e.toString())}}
link.code="function _out(place){"+lookaheadMatch[5]+"\n};_out(this);"
link.setAttribute("title",lookaheadMatch[3]?lookaheadMatch[3]:"");
link.setAttribute("href","javascript:;");
link.style.cursor="pointer";
}
else { // run inline script code
var code="function _out(place){"+lookaheadMatch[5]+"\n};_out(w.output);"
code=code.replace(/document.write\(/gi,'place.innerHTML+=(');
try { var out = eval(code); } catch(e) { out = e.description?e.description:e.toString(); }
if (out && out.length) wikify(out,w.output,w.highlightRegExp,w.tiddler);
}
}
w.nextMatch = lookaheadMatch.index + lookaheadMatch[0].length;
}
}
} )
//}}}
If you look carefully at instructions written in English (for example, a cooking recipe, the notice in a public telephone box, the directions which tell you how to use a machine), you will often find that the grammar is not quite the same as that of ordinary English. Articles are often left out, for instance:
{{{
'In case of fire, break glass' Other words may disappear too: in particular, the word ' it' is often omitted:
' Chill thoroughly before serving'
}}}
!!Exercise
Read these two short texts carefully, and note how the sentences are constructed. Then write a set of instructions yourself. (Some suggestions: explain how to play a gramophone record, drive a car, shave, wash, boil an egg; give the recipe for a more complicated dish.)
----
!Elastoplast First Aid Plasters
!!Directions
#Cleanse wound and surrounding skin carefully.
#Dry thoroughly - dressing will not adhere in the presence of moisture, grease, powder
etc.
#Remove protective covering and apply dressing to wo\±nd.
#Firmly, but gently press down adhesive edges.
----
!Advocaat Belvedere
Mix together 6 large egg yolks and 6 oz. castor sugar and heat in a saucepan together with i large can of evaporated milk until the mixture thickens. Allow to cool, stirring occasionally to stop skin forming. When cool, pour into a bottle and top with brandy to taste. Will keep in a refrigerator for 2-3 days. Costs about 55 p, serves about 8. (Recipe from Woman's Own)
----
http://www.radioandtelly.co.uk/internetradio.html
!Interview questions
http://www.questionpro.com/akira/TakeSurvey;jsessionid=daa8WQ5xEOCiFS
http://www.geekinterview.com/
http://www.drmyhill.co.uk/wiki/Iodine_-_what_is_the_correct_daily_dose%3F
https://www.rometoolkit.com/
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/italy/campania/pompeii/articles/pompeii-guide-tickets-advice-opening-hours/
https://www.rome.net/
Many people suffer with jaw joint (TMJ) problems; sometimes some simple advice is helpful. Firstly some general advice;
Don't bite your fingernails
Never bite your lower lip
Avoid biting on your front teeth
Keep your upper & lower teeth apart when you are at rest.
It may help to carry out the exercise below, which will strengthen the muscles that pull the lower jaw backwards. This in turn will relax the muscles that close the mouth and will prevent from functioning those muscles that pull the jaw forward and to one side. The jaw joint will act more as a hinge and this will take the strain off it.
Firstly chose a relaxed time in the day to carry out the exercise then
1. Close your mouth on your back teeth, resting the tip of your tongue on the roof of the mouth just behind the front teeth.
2. Run the tip of the tongue backwards along the roof as far back as it will go, still biting.
3. Holding the tongue in this place slowly open your mouth until the tongue is just pulled away from the roof. Do not open further. Hold this position for five seconds then close your mouth and relax.
4. Repeat this exercise over the next five minutes in a firm relaxed manner.
As you open your mouth you should feel tension in the muscles at the back of your jaw and beneath your chin. For the first few times you do the exercise you should check in front of a mirror that the lower teeth move vertically.
Sometimes your pain may seem worse but this is because of the unaccustomed exercise.
If the exercise is being carried out correctly, there will be no clicks or noise from the joints.
One other thing; Yawning can put quite a strain on the TMJ, when you feel the urge to yawn.
Drop your chin down onto your chest first; this will limit the jaw opening!
A SERIAL conman was last night facing jail for tricking his way into Windsor Castle by posing as a policeman during a series of scams. Michael Hammond invented a string of false identities and pretended to live like a millionaire playboy who was friends with the royals and had celebrity lovers such as Jordan and Dannii Minogue. But the debt-ridden son of a decorator's fantasies also resulted in innocent people being stopped by armed police after he posed as an officer to claim they were terrorists or gangsters. He even had an Iraqi family stopped on a cross-channel ferry when he told detectives they were linked to al-Qaeda. And hours of police time were wasted responding to his hoax calls. The 36-year-old was last night described by one officer as the "most professional conman" he had ever come across and said to be "incapable of telling the truth". Hammond bluffed his way into Windsor Castle on May 17 last year by calling police stationed there and posing as Det Supt Simon Morgan - the officer leading the Operation Minstead hunt for Britain's most prolific sex attacker who preys on elderly women around London. A court heard he claimed he was accompanying friends of Princes William and Harry who were known to the public and did not want to use the regular entrance. Despite wearing torn jeans and a jumper, he was let through the Henry VIII gate, normally reserved for members of the Royal Family and staff, with friend Tracey Simmonds, 29. Once inside he even called police again saying one of the princes' friends had got lost. A livery porter was dispatched to find the bogus missing person. Hammond's escapades came to light when officers spotted him on the castle CCTV and watched him pretending to be the policeman while talking on his mobile. No members of the Royal Family were there at the time. Simmonds was not charged in connection with the incident. Tall, pleasant and polite, Hammond gatecrashed celebrity parties as part of his scam to convince people he was a playboy. He adopted the double-barrelled name Edwards-Hammond, featured regularly in newspapers, and collected the many press cuttings linking him with stars. Among others he was pictured with Elton John, actress Judi Shekoni, model Elli Goodall and linked to Renee Zellweger and TV star Catalina Guirado. Sgt Neil John, in charge of the case, likened Hammond to Leonardo DiCaprio's character Frank Abagnale Jr in the film Catch Me If You Can. In the movie Abagnale pretends to be a doctor and a pilot to cash fraudulent cheques before being caught. Sgt John said: "He lives in a fantasy world. There's a lot of intelligence there. People have described him as Walter Mitty. "He was the type of person who would blag his way into a party, go up and put his arm around the principal guy or girl, get his picture taken by the paparazzi and claim he knew them or was having a relationship with them. "He's the most professional conman I've seen." Jordan insisted she met the fraudster only three times and Dannii Minogue branded his claims of a relationship with her as "ludicrous". Hammond, who said he played polo, has even been photographed with Princes Charles and William at the sporting events. He claims he knows them and Prince Harry "very well". The royals, however, are said to have "no recollection" of him. But while Hammond was only deluding himself with his playboy fantasies around the rich and famous, his more sinister ploy of masquerading as a police officer caused others grief. Prosecutor Anthony Connell described him as a "wicked and dishonest man". Hammond posed as an array of different officers between September 2003 and August 2004. Phone records showed his mobile was used to call police 133 times, mostly the Met but also Essex, Kent, City of London, Manchester, Cambridgeshire, Sussex and British Transport Police. The calls started when he claimed armed raiders were attacking his penthouse flat in Canary Wharf, East London. Six armed officers were dispatched to the incident. Last February Hammond was given a police escort after calling the City of London police saying he was a surgeon on his way to perform an vital operation on a sick child. Two days later, he pretended to be an officer from Operation Trident claiming he had spotted three black males, one with a hand gun, acting suspiciously opposite McDonald's near Downing Street. Firearms and Diplomatic protection unit officers were sent and the three men were searched at gunpoint. In April, he asked for assistance in Soho, London, with an armed and dangerous Trident suspect. Last July he posed as an Interpol officer while travelling on a P&O cross-channel ferry. He pointed out an Iraqi family and had them stopped and investigated. He pulled a similar stunt with other Iraqis days later. Mr Connell told Isleworth crown court in South West London: "He has caused many innocent people, including members of ethnic minorities, to be detained by police often at gunpoint." Lucy Kennedy, defending, said the con artist had "difficulties" and said the offences were linked to drinking alcohol. The court was told Hammond had 102 previous convictions including two for impersonating police officers. The others were for fraud or deception. In 2000 he was jailed for six months when he posed as a Special Branch officer and tried to con money from a lorry driver. Hammond was arrested at various stages during his hoax campaign but usually got off court proceedings by claiming sickness. It was only when police examined phone logs and other details that a full picture emerged. Hammond's Windsor Castle scam came after a series of security breaches at royal households. Self-styled comedy terrorist Aaron Barschak's had gatecrashed Prince William's 21st birthday party at the castle. And Mirror reporter Ryan Parry got a job working as a footman at Buckingham Palace ahead of US President George Bush's state visit. Hammond admitted being a public nuisance, falsely impersonating a police officer and wasting police time. He was remanded in custody and will be sentenced on February 4. The crook is reportedly writing a book about his experiences, under the working title Almost Famous or Faking It.
http://www.mirror.co.uk
By Jane Kerr
[[Road to fitness stories]]
[[Rebounder exercises]]
[[Nutrient Timing for Peak Performance]]
[[Healthy food and drink]]
[[Sports supplements]]
[[The 7 minute workout]]
[[Therapies]]
----
http://www.simplyshredded.com
http://www.simplyshredded.com/top-10-muscle-myths-we-test-research-the-10-biggest-axioms-of-bodybuilding.html
!Shortcuts
*HIT - High Intensity Training:
A BBC Horizon programme tested research that claimed that only 1 minute's HIT on an exercise bike could significantly decrease insulin levels and increase aerobic fitness - if you had the correct genes! (Type 2 diabetes occurs when blood sugar levels build up to dangerously high levels due to reduced insulin function, often caused by a sedentary lifestyle.)
Insulin sensitivity is important for keeping blood sugar or glucose stable. When you eat, your digestion starts putting glucose into your bloodstream. This causes the pancreas to release insulin, a hormone that triggers body tissue to absorb circulating glucose.
If your insulin sensitivity reduces, the pancreas has to release more and more insulin to keep blood glucose levels stable.
Abnormally low insulin sensitivity is known as insulin resistance, a condition that results in high levels of insulin, glucose and fats circulating in the bloodstream. It is a main risk factor for metabolic syndrome, which increases the risk for coronary artery disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes.
----
<html><body>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/v7-h_w7bJrU" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</body></html>
----
Recent HIT research shows that doing ten one-minute sprints on a stationary exercise bike with about one minute of rest in between, three times a week, is as good for improving muscle as many hours of less strenuous conventional long-term biking.
This type of exercise is not suitable for weight loss as the sprints are too short to burn many calories, but it was shown to improve general fitness.
HIT for 60sec then 90sec easy for 8 reps will stimulate G.H production, no carbs for 1hr as this will block the GH
!Aerobic fitness
The evidence that ties aerobic fitness to health shows that one of the best predictors of a healthy long life is the body's ability to take in and use oxygen while we are exercising maximally. The more blood the heart pumps around the body, the more oxygen our muscles use and the lower our risk of disease and early death.
So the purpose of aerobic workouts is to increase the body's ability to take in and use oxygen, something scientists measure as VO2 max: the maximum volume of oxygen used during exercise. The higher a person's VO2 max, the more resilient they are to illness. Your ability to increase your VO2 max might be conditioned by your genes.
Apparently, around 15% of the population are non-responders, and around 20% are high-responders.
!Bodybuilding food
*Protein or whey protein
Per 30g Serving:
Energy kJ/Kcal 518/122, Protein 24.2g, Carbohydrate 1.5g, (of which sugars) 1.5g, Fat 2g, (of which saturates) 0.76g.
http://www.myprotein.com/sports-nutrition/essential-whey-60/10530747.html
*Creatine
*Fish oil
*Casein at night = cottage cheese
While casein is "optimal" before bed, don't forget that milk is 80% casein (the other 20% being whey), and if you mix your whey with some milk, and then throw in some natural peanut butter, olive oil, or other healthy fats -you can slow the absorbtion down quite a bit, thus "mimicking" casein protein.
!Kettlebells
These exercises are not for beginners and you MUST do a warmup first.
<html><body>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/NkXw9hB0Zpo" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</body></html>
http://www.runnersworld.com/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kefir
http://users.sa.chariot.net.au/~dna/kefir_cheese.html
Parody of Online Help
Phone the Samartins and get through to an Options voice message
Source: [[Keith's Notebook - 03 May 2007 16:33:21It is all a frame of mind, this enjoyment of living. [Lin Yutang] |file:///F:/JSAS/http_root/www/wikis/1keithsnotes.html]]
+++[Aloe vera barbadensis]
<<wikipedia 'Aloe Vera'>>
Historical or traditional use of aloe (may or may not be supported by scientific studies)
Aloe has been historically used for many of the same conditions for which it is used today—particularly constipation and minor cuts and burns. In India, it has been used by herbalists to treat intestinal infections, suppressed menses, and colic.
Active constituents of aloe
The constituents of aloe latex responsible for its laxative effects are known as anthraquinone glycosides. These molecules are split by the normal bacteria in the large intestines to form other molecules (aglycones), which exert the laxative action. Since aloe is such a powerful laxative, other plant laxatives such as senna or cascara are often recommended first.
Topically, it is not yet clear which constituents are responsible for the wound healing properties of aloe.1 Test tube studies suggest polysaccharides, such as acemannon, help promote skin healing by anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and immune-stimulating actions. Aloe’s effects on the skin may also be enhanced by its high concentration of amino acids, as well as vitamin E, vitamin C, zinc, and essential fatty acids.
Aloe has been used to treat minor burns.2 Stabilized aloe gel is applied to the affected area of skin three to five times per day. Older case studies reported that aloe gel applied topically could help heal radiation burns,3 and a small clinical trial found it more effective than a topical petroleum jelly in treating burns.4 However, a large, modern, placebo-controlled trial did not find aloe effective for treating minor burns.5
Two small controlled human trials have found that aloe, either alone or in combination with the oral hypoglycemic drug, glibenclamide, effectively lowers blood sugar in people with type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes.6 7
An aloe extract in a cream has been shown effective in a double-blind, controlled trial in people with psoriasis.8
How much aloe is usually taken?
For constipation, a single 50–200 mg capsule of aloe latex can be taken each day for a maximum of ten days.
For minor burns, the stabilized aloe gel is applied topically to the affected area of skin three to five times per day. Treatment of more serious burns should only be done under the supervision of a healthcare professional. For internal use of aloe gel, two tablespoons (30 ml) three times per day is used by some people for inflammatory bowel conditions, such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis (see precautions below). For type 2 diabetes, clinical trials have used one tablespoon (15 ml) of aloe juice, twice daily. Treatment of diabetes with aloe should only be done under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional.
Are there any side effects or interactions with aloe?
Except in the rare person who is allergic to aloe, topical application of the gel is generally safe. For any burn that blisters significantly or is otherwise severe, medical attention is absolutely essential. In some severe burns and wounds, aloe gel may actually impede healing.9
The latex form of aloe should not be used by anyone with inflammatory intestinal diseases, such as Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, or appendicitis. It should also not be used by children, or by women during pregnancy or breast-feeding.10
In people with constipation, aloe latex should not be used for more than ten consecutive days as it may lead to dependency and fluid loss. Extensive fluid loss may lead to depletion of important electrolytes in the body such as potassium.11
===
!Waste systems
!!Bottle trap
<html><img src="https://i.imgur.com/OZmeLHQ.png"></html>
!!Flexible m/f waste pipe £10.49
Compression to spigot 40mm
https://www.screwfix.com/p/floplast-ft40-flexible-waste-pipe-white-40mm-x-320mm/27334
[[Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS)]]
[[Knee synovitis]]
http://www.kombuchatea.co.uk
http://www.wikihow.com/Make-Kombucha-Tea
LED’s are a non-coherent source of light (scattered beam) as compared to the laser which is a coherent light source (focused beam).
!What to buy
*[[Dual Infrared & RED Light|https://www.amazon.com/Infrared-Light-Therapy-Speeds-Healing/dp/B003VOVZZ6/ref=sr_1_6?s=hpc&ie=UTF8&qid=1415391894&sr=1-6&keywords=Cold+Laser]] - 120 LEDs - 8 rows of 8 LEDs each of the 660 red, and 7 rows of 8 LEDs of the 850 infrared
*[[FIGERM Red LED Light Therapy Device|https://www.amazon.com/dp/B01EXZ6PW4?psc=1]] - ONE 808nm 150-220mw and 650nm 5mW
*[[TENDLITE|https://www.amazon.com/TENDLITE-Worlds-Therapy-Muscle-Relief/dp/B004QECAU4/ref=pd_sim_121_3?_encoding=UTF8&pd_rd_i=B004QECAU4&pd_rd_r=33HGCY0QJTFPCERM05DH&pd_rd_w=hnWDz&pd_rd_wg=KFSsk&psc=1&refRID=33HGCY0QJTFPCERM05DH]] - 660nm
----
Quite a few here - https://www.theledman.com/handheld.html
----
!My Skinlite
https://www.stressnomore.co.uk/the-beauty-works-skin-light-therapy-unit-81419.html
Blue - calms the body & influences elastic tissue content of new cell growth.
Red - stimulates deep into the dermal layers, activates collagen and elastin production
Yellow - strengthens your endocrine functions & purifies toxins
Lilac - healing light it promotes circulation and restores your skins natural balance
Green - helps reduce inflammation and swelling of tissue and has a sedating and balancing effect on your mind and body
Orange - increase the blood and lymph circulation removing waste matter and helps nourish the cells
!Roast leg of lamb with tomato gravy
Late autumn often produces some of the best tomatoes, sweet-sharp and intensely flavoursome. Some spinach and roast potatoes would be good here.
serves 6
leg of lamb - 2kg
a little olive oil
2 whole heads of garlic
tomatoes - 750g
olive oil - 50ml
balsamic vinegar - 50ml
several sprigs of oregano
Set the oven at 230 c/gas 8. Rub the lamb all over with a little olive oil. Season the fat and any flesh you can get at with salt and black pepper and lay it in a roasting tin, tuck the heads of garlic, halved and tossed in a little olive oil, under the meat. Roast in the hot oven for 20 minutes. Turn down the heat to 200 c/gas 6 and continue cooking for a further 30 minutes.
Cut the larger tomatoes in half and toss them in a bowl with a grinding of salt and pepper, the olive oil, balsamic vinegar and oregano leaves pulled from their stems. When the 30 minutes cooking is up, tip the tomatoes and their dressing around the lamb and continue roasting for a further 25 minutes.
Remove the lamb from the roasting tin and leave it to rest, somewhere warm and with a bowl or tea towel over it. This will keep the flesh moist and allow it to relax. Please, don’t skip this resting; it will keep the meat much juicier than if you hack at it the second it comes from the oven.
Turn the oven up to 230 c/gas 8. Return the tomatoes, garlic and pan juices to the oven and leave them for 10-15 minutes while the meat rests. Take the roasting tin out of the oven, remove about a third of the roast tomatoes and keep them warm. Using a potato masher or draining spoon, squash the remaining tomatoes and the garlic into the pan juices. Tip the the lot into a sieve suspended over a warm bowl or saucepan. Push the tomato pulp through the sieve with a wooden spoon then discard the remains. Check the seasoning of the tomato ‘gravy’ underneath, and correct it with salt, pepper and balsamic vinegar. I tend to heat it up for a minute, too, but then, I like my gravy really hot.
Carve the lamb and spoon and serve with the roasted tomatoes and the tomato gravy.
+++[Dictionaries and translators]
!Metasearchers
|Meta-search|http://www.onelook.com/|
|dictionary.net/|http://www.dictionary.net/|
|Dictionary.com|http://www.dictionary.com/|
|FreeDictionary|http://www.thefreedictionary.com/|
!Translators
|AltaVista Translator|http://babelfish.altavista.digital.com|
===
----
[[English Language]]
[[English as a Foreign Language]]
[[Linguistic Terms]]
[[Use of English]]
!Green laser
Bahr and other acupuncturists also conducted a study with 27 patients and applied both traditional metal needles and laser needles. The laser beam power varied between 1.5 and five Watt per square centimetre. With the help of Doppler sonography the scientists tested if the flow rate of blood within the eye artery responded to the treatment. The result: Both the metal needles and their laser peers increased the flow rate. In addition, the more intensive the laser stimulus was, the higher was the flow rate.
Green laser light only fits for ear acupuncture, says Bahr. Within a depth of four millimetres, half of it is already absorbed. Red light permeates the skin up to ten millimetres, infrared light makes it up to four to six centimetres below the body’s surface.
----
MEDICA.de; Source: Dt. Gesellschaft zur Förderung der med. Diagnostik e. V.
----
Depending on the power and type of laser you are using, generally you are going to treat for approximately 15-60 seconds per point. Most practitioners report having good treatment effects in 10-15 seconds, depending on the type of laser used. Points that require deeper needling, like the legs and torso, may need longer treatment times. Ears, hands and feet require less treatment time.
Most commonly you will find 5 mW lasers for acupuncture
----
http://www.acupuncturetoday.com/mpacms/at/article.php?id=32725
----
There are basically two types of frequencies used in cold laser therapy: red and infrared. The common red laser types are 635nm, 650nm, and 660nm. The power output greatly varies, depending on the manufacturer. Some common outputs are 5mW, 10mW, and 50mW. The red frequencies/wavelengths penetrate about 1cm deep into the tissues. The red lasers are mainly used to treat skin lesions, wounds and acpuncture points. Many practitioners prefer a little stronger output (10mW or 50mW) to treat acupuncture points since they report quicker and more effective results with the sedation and tonification points.
The infrared frequencies (808nm, 830nm, 904nm) penetrate a lot deeper, about 5cm which is 2 inches. These are used to treat muscles, joints, and tendons. The 808nm lasers are actually referred to as ‘near’ infrared since you can still see the light they emit in a dark room.
The advantage of having multiple lasers on one laser head (cluster wand) is simply quicker treatments since you can cover more area.
!Wavelength: 630 nm
''[[Biostick|http://www.syrolight.com/biostick]]'' - LEDs - coldsores
Beam area at focus: 0.5 cm2
Number of therapeutic LED: 4
Continuous Wave Mode
Total light power: 18 mW
----
''Venkman softlaser pen''
----
Unit class: Low-level laser class 3 A
Laser: GaALAs (Gallium-Aluminium-Arsenide) diode, continuous beam
Power output: max. 6mW
Laser wavelength: 635-670nm
!660nm
*Lloyds Pharmacy SpotClear Advance - has a 7 LED or 24 LED option
Designed for clearing acne but theoretically should improve skin.
![[1072 nm light]]
''[[Lipzore|http://www.expresschemist.co.uk/lipzor-light-device.html]]'' for cold sores
''Virulite'' - cold sores
----
1072 nm light as an anti-ageing agent
human lymphocytes pre-irradiated with 1072 nm light are afforded some protection against subsequent ultraviolet light toxicity.
!!For cold sores
Reduces healing time by 1/3
[[Virulite Coldsore Machine|http://www.virulite.eu/about-virulite/]]
[[Lipzore|http://www.lipzor.net/lipzor-net/]] - uses an LED
!How to use
A factor of importance here is the compressive removal of blood in the target tissue. When you press lightly with a laser probe against skin, the blood flows to the sides, so that the tissue right in front of the probe (and some distance into the tissue) is fairly empty of blood. As the haemoglobin in the blood is responsible for most of the absorption, this mechanical removal of blood greatly increases the depth of penetration of the laser light.
!Hay fever and allergies
[[Lloyds Pharmacy Nasal probes|http://www.lloydspharmacy.com/en/allergy-reliever-15677]] - 652 nanometer & 940 nm
This device is stated to be a class IIA medical device that uses dual wavelength photo-therapy (652 nanometer & 940 nm).One wavelength is stated to improve blood flow and circulation whilst the second red light wavelength suppresses the cells that release histamine therefore reducing inflamation and the irritation symptoms of allergic rhinitis.
!Laser types
Low level laser therapy is a valuable tool for pain management. It should be considered as the first line of intervention for any type of pain. To maximize results use resonating lasers that produces 5mW of energy to release tight muscles and then apply a stimulating laser that applies more joules of energy directly to the painful nerves, bone, joints, tendons, cartilage, and ligaments.
*''Resonating Low Level Laser''
A resonating low level laser is any laser that operates under 5mW. It can be either a single wavelength laser or a multiple wavelength diode laser, but clinical results appear better with multi wavelength lasers that operate under 5mW. Resonating lasers are best for releasing stress in the bellies of muscles, glands, and organs. If the pain is in an organ or gland, a resonating laser may be all that is needed to control the pain.
*''Stimulating Low Level Laser''
A stimulating low level laser can be a single wave length or a multiple diode instrument that operates from 5mW to 1000mW or one watt. Most stimulating low level lasers do not operate above 500mW because if they surge over 1000mW they are no longer considered a low level laser and fall under different regulations. Most stimulating lasers available today are single wavelength lasers or multiples of the same wavelengths. Stimulating low level lasers are used for nerves, bone, joints, tendons, cartilage, ligaments, and acupoint therapy. Acupoint laser therapy is best accomplished with a single wavelength laser. However, to treat pain associated with any of these conditions, it is best to first release the tight muscles related to the bone or joint with a resonating low level laser first, and then apply the stimulating laser directly to the affected nerves, bone, joints, tendons, cartilage, and ligaments.
!Byuing guides
http://www.coldlasers.org/home-equipment/
http://coldlasertherapyreviews.com/
http://www.aliexpress.com/cold-laser_reviews.html
----
70% of the manufacturers offer pulsed waves and these manufacturers typically advice people to use pulsing for better long-term healing. Pulsing the lasers can allows for higher peak power levels while still being safe. On the other side, continuous wave lasers allow for better pain control and they allow for saturation of a damaged area with photons. Higher dosage power levels can be good because people feel immediate pain relief. Because of instant patient feedback, having the continuous wave option is recommended for medical professionals. For home use where the user want healing, it is less of an issue. If possible, it is best to buy a laser that does both pulsed and continuous.
!How much power do you need?
One of the biggest debates in the industry is about the power requirements and there is no one right answer. In general, more power = shorter treatment times. If the power is too low, the treatment might not ever get enough energy density into the tissue to help very much. Longer, lower power-level treatments get better healing while short high power bursts are better for pain control. With the exception of very low power-level devices (less than 30mW) and very high power devices mainly for pain control, it seems that the best option is to buy a device that has the most flexibility, not the most power.
!Products 2017
*''Handy Cure Laser'' - Super pulsed infrared laser diode 905nm wavelength, 4 Visible Red LEDs 635nm, 4 Infrared LEDs 875nm £300
https://www.win-health.com/handy-cure-laser.html
http://www.pulselaserrelief.com.au/
Laser radiation: 0.4 – 6.25 mW
Infrared radiation: 30 – 40 mW
Red LEDs radiation: 2 – 10 mW
*''LTP-100IR'' 808nm 100mw Laser $300
http://energyhealersteve.com/the-laser-therapy-pen/
The cross beam pattern was chosen so that large or small areas of pain could be dealt with easily. AC power is utilized for consistent laser output and reliability. Instructions and velvet carrying pouch included.
*''LTP-100P'' - 660nm 100mw Laser $250
Battery Powered Laser Therapy Pen features a large circular beam pattern at a distance of six inches for greater coverage of treatment areas
*''Vetrolaser'' - the infrared Vetrolaser (808nm/300mW--Class 3B), a bonus single diode red laser (650nm/5mW $500
http://www.vetrolaser.com/
The three diode infrared Vetrolaser (808nm/300mW) can penetrate up to 2 inches and is ideal for treating deep tissues such as tendons, muscles, and joints.
The six diode VetroRed laser (Six 650nm Diodes/5mW) penetrates 1cm and is the wavelength recommended for treating wounds and wire cuts. A red laser can also be used for quick pain control since it can quickly reduce inflammation over superficial nerve endings.
*''Photizo® Vetcare'' - LEDs = 633nw red, 850nm infrared 1 300mW? £240
http://www.asomerville.ltd.uk/photizo-vetcare.html
A better life with light Not many people know about the extensive research done into the fascinating effects of red light, which works by restoring energy into cells to help speed up, recover and provide natural pain relief. Photizo® provides a non-invasive, once-per-day treatment for wounds, infectious or inflammatory conditions, musculoskeletal injuries and pain relief in domestic animals, large livestock and horses. It was specifically developed to be used by professionals...
*''Gigaa Laser--Lasers for DEEP Tissue Therapy''
http://www.gigaalaser.com/content/therapy.php?gclid=CLSe55O80dICFQ4UGwodT3sBOQ
*''Q-1000 Resonating Multi-Frequency Laser''
http://www.lightforhealth.co.uk/products/q1000/
12 Laser Diodes and 8 Light Emitting Diodes (LEDS) with multiple wavelengths ranging from 470-940nm
*''[[Lightsim for pain|http://www.currentbody.com/lightstim-for-pain.html?currency=GBP&gclid=CIi_kdSF3NICFesW0wod7toNWw#fo_c=129&fo_k=f9b57921367c2b5e6e21d3647bef0ab2&fo_s=gplauk]]''
!Reviews
A higher powered laser is ideal = shorter time and greater depth.
http://www.aliexpress.com/cold-laser_reviews.html
http://coldlasertherapyreviews.com/
!Types of laser
Therapeutic lasers (where the mechanism is not based oh heat):
|''Laser''|''Wavelength''|''Use''|
|GaAs|904 nm (super pulsed)|Treatment of deep problems (back, shoulders, knees, head ache etc)|
|GaAlAs|780-808-890 nm (cont. or chopped)|Also deep problem, often a complement ot the GaAs-laser|
|InGaAlP|630-700 nm|Treatment of skin and mucose problems|
If the laser output is 1 watt, it takes 10 seconds to give 10 joules. With a 100 mW laser it takes 100 seconds to produce 10 joules.
GaAs laser, are always pulsed. The pulses are very short but the peak power of the pulse is very high, several watts, but the pulse duration is typically only 100 to 200 nano seconds. Other lasers like the HeNe and the GaAlAs are normally continuous, but can be pulsed by mechanical or electrical devices. This means that the beam is turned off and on but the peak output power of each pulse is the same as if the light is continuous.
----
[[Laser wavelengths]]
!Ask questions
https://www.mdtalks.com/
https://www.medhelp.org/user_posts/feeds
!Information
https://collections.nlm.nih.gov/
https://www.justvitamins.co.uk/blog/
http://www.knowledgeofhealth.com/
[[Trust me I'm a doctor|http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/3rPBmcgXQf8qmlNkTbbQVg9/issues-covered-in-the-programme]]
----
http://www.medgadget.com/
----
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<iframe width="400" height="400" align="left" style="border:none;" src="http://output90.rssinclude.com/output?type=iframe&id=1125499&hash=d2a43e7b7c5ccae5c1eb10b4d425a9cb"></iframe><iframe width="900" height="400" style="border:none;" src="http://output10.rssinclude.com/output?type=iframe&id=1125504&hash=51f98f8c936282a4ef0b87f845ff7330"></iframe></body></html>
[[Road to fitness stories]]
<<showUpdates maxEntries:10>>
http://www.takelegaladvice.com
http://www.communitylegaladvice.org.uk
http://www.lawontheweb.co.uk
To make energy-boosting lemonade you will need:
2 tbs fresh squeezed lemon juice (approx. ½ - 1 organic or unwaxed lemon)
300-500ml water
1 tsp organic Grade B maple syrup (optional)
Pinch cayenne pepper
+++[24 March BBC news reports on wind farms and Arab protest]
Yet more examples of BBC bias, partiality and lack of objectivity. Sometimes when I am listening to BBC television news it is like listening to a propaganda broadcast for the Israeli government or today, for the Wind Farm Business interest. ON BBC News at about 11.25:
Subject: report on Umm al-Fahm protest.
The item ended with "Umm al-Fahm is a bastion of Arab-Israeli nationalism." Well that's all right then. Why make such a statement? It's got nothing to do with the protests - certainly not as you reported it - and is it even true? Is it relevant? And I think it is more approprate to state who the marchers were but you did not. The reason for making such an odd statement is to shift the blame onto the Arabs. It's such a jarring addon the the story it was obviously deliberately and for no good reason inserted by one of your editorial staff - is he/she Jewish by any chance? Also, the video clips I am watching from your own web site show far more clearly the severity of the events. Why was a watered down non-event shown on live TV - are we afraid of offending my granny? Not much chance of that.
Subject: Report on the RSPB's decision not to oppose Wind Farms
Your reporter sounded like a messenger from the Wind Farm industry, talking about delays to to planning decsions, how far we are behind (our own targets would you believe!!) some other countries. And so! Doh! What that does is plant seeds of misinformaation into the minds of the majority brainless public.
Watching BBC news is a bit like watching Question Time - a waste of time because you are not going to hear anything that rocks the establishment boat - no dissenting voices here!
===
+++[23 Oct to Daily Mail on Nick Griffith]
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1222424/BNPs-Nick-Griffin-jeered-BBC-Question-Time.html
Question Time was a disgrace. It was a packed audience consisting of all the people you would expect to hate the BNP, unrepresentative of what the rest of Britain actually thinks. It was an ugly Lynch mob, showing the ugly, irrational. hysterical face of the democratic mob. And Dimbelby was not impartial either. What are his crimes? He attacks Islam - not allowed. He doesn't want immigration - bad boy, not allowed. He thinks the invasion of Iraq and Afghanistan are illegal. Not allowed. He doesn't believe that 6m Jews were killed in the Holaucast - a crime. But when the Muslim MP (who talked the most sense actually) criticised immigration policy - not a murmur. The Thought Police are just around the corner, watching You and the audience were the heavies ready to attack anyone thinking the wrong way. Churchill was an Imperialist, basically a white supremacist - he certainly didn't fight the Nazis to liberate India, Vietnam or Malaysia.
===
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light_therapy
http://coldlaserforum.org/
http://www.electrotherapy.org/
http://www.acupuncturetoday.com/mpacms/at/article.php?id=32725
http://softlaser.wikia.com/wiki/Low_Level_Laser_Wiki
[[Low level laser therapy]]
[[Lasers for home use]]
[[LED devices]]
[[Photodynamic Therapy]]
[[SCENAR]]
----
Light therapy or phototherapy or photobiomodulation (classically referred to as heliotherapy) consists of exposure to daylight or to specific wavelengths of light using polychromatic polarised light, lasers, light-emitting diodes, fluorescent lamps, dichroic lamps or very bright, full-spectrum light. The light is administered for a prescribed amount of time and, in some cases, at a specific time of day.
Lasers and LED's produce intense beams of light at specific wavelengths. When the right wavelength at the right intensity is used at the correct anatomical location for the right amount of time you can stimulate repair, resolve inflammation and reduce pain by changing biochemical reactions at the level of the cell. LED light can be as effective as a laser.
All living cells within the body need a macromolecule called ATP (adenosine triphosphate). ATP serves as the primary energy carrier and without it, all cellular functions cease. When a cell is damaged (through injury, disease or surgical procedures) the cell function is compromised and eventually the cell dies.
Much like a form of life support, light therapy physically stimulates the basic energy processes in the Mitochondria (energy compartments) of each cell. Simply put, the light therapy gives each cell a helping hand in its healing process. With light therapy the Mitochondria in the damaged cells are provided with a source of introduced photon energy which in turn leads to the synthesis of ATP (cell energy) and thus the cell has an increased chance of survival and repair.
When near-infrared light is used, wavelength sensitive constituents inside the cell (chromophores, cytochrome systems) are activated. Optimal light wavelengths (proven in prior studies of laser and LED light (3-11) to speed wound healing, range between 640nm and 880nm. These wavelengths can be produced accurately by LED-based devices.
The therapeutic range of wavelengths is from 600 to 1200 nanometers which is red light that you can see at the lower end moving into invisible light at the upper end. Wavelengths in the range 600–700 nm are used to treat superficial tissue, and longer wavelengths in the range 780–950 nm, which penetrate further, are used to treat deeper-seated tissues.
You can find devices like these in Boots for example, mostly for skin quality enhancement and for clearing spots. Even a common laser pointer uses a therapeutic wavelength of about 660nm. Theoretically you could use it to help clear a cold sore by shining the light directly onto the cold sore for 1 to 3 minutes 3 times a day.
Pulsing the lasers can allows for higher power levels while still being safe. On the other side, continuous wave lasers allow for better pain control and they allow for saturation of a damaged area with photons. Extreme power levels can be good because people feel immediate pain relief. Because of instant patient feedback, having the continuous wave option is recommended for medical professionals. For home use where the user want healing, it is less of an issue.
https://www.electriciancourses4u.co.uk/useful-resources/inside-the-circuit-pendant-lighting/
https://www.hometips.com/repair-fix/electrical-circuit-overload-short.html
https://www.hometips.com/how-it-works/electrical-panel-circuit-breakers.html
+++[Homophones]
Words which sound the same but have a different meaning & spelling.
Surely you can do something!
I can, but don’t call me Shirley!
!!Homophonic phrases
Syllable for syllable, phrases sound alike, but the sum of the meaning is different. Not frequently found in English - have to be forced.
Where did Humpty Dumpty leave his hat?
Humpty dumped ‘is ‘at on a wall.
What happened to the snake with a cold?
She adder viper nose.
What did the electrician’s wife say when he came in late?
Wire you insulate?
===
+++[Homonyms]
Words which are spelled the same but have different meanings.
How do you hire a horse?
Put a brick under each foot.
Is the tomb of Karl Marx just another Communist plot?
Bloodnok: You can’t come in, I’m in the bath,
Seagoon: (off) What are you doing in the bath?
Bloodnok: I’m watching television.
Seagoon: (off) What’s showing?
Bloodnok: Nothing, I’ve got a towel round me.
Which plant makes money?
Mint.
Whether life is worth living depends on the liver .
The small of my back is too big doctor.
Where do fish learn to swim?
In a school.
What runs along every street in town?
The pavement
Can I interest you in a nightcap?
No thanks, I don’t wear one. (Naked Gun)
How do you get down from an elephant? (get down=phrasal verb)
You don’t, you get down from a swan. (get down = verb + object)
There was a record number of births in Kilburn this week. Apparently, it was due to the Irish sweep. He has now moved to Camden Town.
Of a neon display in STOPPARD’S “REAL INSPECTOR HOUND” :
Moon: It has scale, it has colour, it is, in the best sense of the word, electric. (p11)
===
+++[Homonymic phrases]
Whole phrases can be turned into homonymic puns.
’I have designs on you’ as the tattooist said to his girlfriend.
What did the needle say to the thread?
I’ve got my eye on you.
===
+++[Mimes]
Phonetic similitudes, usually rhymes, with the appeal of homophones.
What do cannibals play at parties?
Swallow my leader.
What is pink, wobbly and flies?
A jellycopter.
What do policeman have in their sandwiches?
Truncheon meat.
What did the duck say as it flew upside down?
I’m quacking up.
What do hedgehogs eat for breakfast?
Prickled onions.
===
+++[Mimetic phrases]
As mimes, but based on well known phrases.
Hollywood, land of mink and honey.
Your honey or your life.
Your honey - or your wife?
Are Eskimos God’s frozen people?
A cannibal came home to find his wife cutting up a boa constrictor and a small native. ‘Oh, no’, he said, ‘not snake and pygmy pie again.
===
+++[Deconstruction or pseudomorphs]
!!False word forms.
Seagoon: A penguin please
Sellers: Certainly, I’ll look in the catalogue.
Seagoon: But I don’t want a cat, I want a penguin.
Sellers: Then I’ll look in the penguin-logue
What do you do with a wombat?
Play wom.
Samson was terribly dis-tressed by Delilah.
Be alert!
Your country needs lerts.
What do you give an injured lemon?
Lemon-aid
Which bird always succeeds?
A budgie with no teeth.
===
+++[Bilingual puns]
Where a foreign words is made to bear the sense of an English word by homophonic accident or literal translation.
What do Frenchmen eat for breakfast?
Huit-heures bix. (Weetabix)
Here lies Willie Longbottom Aged 6.
Ars longa, vita brevis
’Je t’adore’, he whispered passionately in her ear.
’Shut it yourself’ she shouted back at him.
===
+++[Other forms of word play]
!!Playing with rules of conversation
At customs –
Customs officer: Cigarettes, brandy, whisky...
Girl: How kind you are in this country. I’ll have a coffee please.
(Request for information mistaken for offer- same form covers different functions.)
You know your great great great great grandfather?
Yes?
No you don’t, he’s dead!
(Conversation markers taken literally).
Where did King John sign the Magna Carta?
At the bottom.
Waiter, your thumb is in my soup.
Don’t worry , Sir, it’s not hot.
How do you stop a skunk smelling?
Hold his nose.
===
+++[Malapropism]
The use of a word in mistake for one sounding similar to comic effect (Named after Mrs Malaprop in Sheridan’s play The Rivals who made many such mistakes.)
Illiterate him, I say, quite from your memory.
He is the very pineapple of politeness!
She’s as headstrong as an allegory on the banks of the Nile. (all Sheridan)
Dot Cotton, Eastenders - Why don’t you go & do some aerobatics ? (aerobics)
Heat is generated internally by eccentricity and distributed through conviction .
(electricity, convection)
===
+++[Portmanteaux]
Lewis Carroll’s term for two words and meanings packed into one word.
If buttercups are yellow, what colour are hiccups?
Burple.
What do you call an overweight pumpkin?
A plumpkin.
===
+++[Spoonerism]
Ttransposition, usually accidental, of the initial letters etc of two or more words. Named after Rev W. A. Spooner, English scholar, died 1930 - reputed to have made such errors in speaking.
You have hissed the mystery lectures.
The Lord is a shoving leopard.
You have deliberately tasted two worms (wasted two terms) and will leave Oxford on the town drain (down train).
pillified and villoried (STOPPARD’S “REAL INSPECTOR HOUND”)
When I pick you up, I’ll heap my porn outside your door.
A type of joke is based on this kind of wordplay:
What’s the difference between a night watchman and a butcher?
One stays awake, the other weighs a steak.
What’s the difference between a barber in Rome and a mad circus owner?
One is a shaving Roman and the other a raving showman.
===
+++[Axial clash]
Where a word changes in grammatical function creating another meaning.
How do you make a cat drink?
Put it in a liquidizer.
Why did the window box?
Because it saw the garden fence.
How do you make a sausage roll?
Give it a push.
How do you make a Maltese cross?
Tread on his toes.
How do you make an elephant float?
Take two scoops of ice-cream,some lemonade, and add one elephant
===
+++[Playing with word boundaries]
Steven , you have acute appendicitis.
I came here to be treated, not admired doctor.
How could you say in one word that you had come across a doctor?
Metaphysician.
Knock Knock
Who’s there?
Felix
Felix who?
Felix-ited all over!
Keep Fit by Jim Nastics
Hospitality by Colin Anytime
Keep it up by Lucy Lastic
Is a Buddhist monk refusing an injection at the dentist trying to transcend dental meditation?
Why can’t you starve in the desert?
Because of the sandwich is there.
Why did the man throw the butter out of the window?
Because he wanted to see the butterfly.
===
+++[Playing with syntax]
The surgeon told the man that he would be in a deep sleep throughout the operation.
She took the stethoscope from round his neck and twisted it nervously in her hands.
(unclear what the pronoun refers to)
Mummy, Mummy, I don’t like Daddy.
Then leave him on the side of your plate and eat your vegetables.
A Scotsman takes all his money out of the bank once a year for a holiday; once it’s had a holiday he puts it back again.
Mummy, can I go out to play?
With these holes in your trousers?
No, with the girl next door.
Is it bad to write on an empty stomach?
No, but it’s better to write on paper.
===
+++[Mocking language of certain groups]
In STOPPARD’S “REAL INSPECTOR HOUND”, ‘critic- speak’, including their tendency to refer to other texts and to sprinkle their comments with foreign phrases, is mocked throughout, e.g.:
Moon : Let me say at once that it has elan while at the same time avoiding eclat .
Moon : Je suis , it seems to be saying, ergo sum . .... I think we are entitled to ask - and here one is irresistibly reminded of Voltaire’s cry, ‘ Voila ‘! - I think we are entitled to ask - Where is God ?
===
+++[Inappropriate register]
Radio : Here is another police message. Essex county police are still searching in vain for the madman who is at large in the deadly marshes of the coastal region. Inspector Hound, who is masterminding the operation.is not available for comment but it is widely believed that he has a secret plan.... Meanwhile police and volunteers are combing the swamps with loud-hailers, shouting, ‘Don’t be a madman. Give yourself up.’
(STOPPARD’S “REAL INSPECTOR HOUND” p14)
Birdboot : ...I can’t... I’m not alone.... All right! I love your little pink ears and you are my own fluffy bunny-boo....
(STOPPARD’S “REAL INSPECTOR HOUND” p32)
===
+++[Sexual innuendo]
Birdboot : Of course, she lacks technique as yet- (STOPPARD’S “REAL INSPECTOR HOUND” p36)
Magnus : Well I think I’ll go and oil my gun. (STOPPARD’S “REAL INSPECTOR HOUND” p38)
===
+++[Ambiguity]
!!Playing with rules of conversation
’This car has had one careful owner Sir’, said the salesman.
’But it’s covered with dents and scratches!’
’I’m afraid the other owners weren’t so careful’.
Hound : You never know, there might have been a serious matter.
Cynthia : Drink?
Hound : More serious than that, even.
(STOPPARD’S “REAL INSPECTOR HOUND” p27)
===
+++[Hyperbole]
Exaggeration for effect, often comic.
===
+++[Bathos]
An anticlimax; a change in mood from the sublime to the absurd or trivial.
Moon : Pistachio fudge? Nectarine cluster? Hickory Nut Praline? Chateau Neuf de Pape ‘55 Cracknell?
Birdboot : I’m afraid not.. Caramel?
Moon : Faced as we are with such ubiquitous obliquity it is hard, it is hard indeed, and therefore I will not attempt, to refrain from invoking the names of Kafka, Sartre, Shakespeare, St. Paul, Beckett, Birkett, Pinero, Pirandello, Dante and Dorothy L. Sayers.
This A-Level English Language resource was found free at www.englishresources.co.uk
===
[[Literature Articles|Literature]]
[[Literature Websites]]
[[Book Reviews]]
[[Famous Writers]]
----
http://shakespeare.clusty.com
http://www.opensourceshakespeare.com
!Definitions
|Complete but wordy|http://humanities.byu.edu/rhetoric/Canons/Style.htm|
!Underground Poems
|London Underground collection|http://tube.tfl.gov.uk/content/poems/archive.asp|
!Great Artists
|European Artists|http://www.artofeurope.com/|
!Selection of books with downloadable texts and some audio
|Books to download|http://www.hylandmadrid.com/en/books/book.htm|
+++*[THE VICTORIAN AGE (1837−1901)]
HISTORICAL OUTLINE. Amid the many changes which make the reign of Victoria the most progressive in English history, one may discover three tendencies which have profoundly affected our present life and literature. The first is political and democratic: it may be said to have begun with the Reform Bill of 1832; it is still in progress, and its evident end is to deliver the government of England into the hands of the common people. In earlier ages we witnessed a government which laid stress on royalty and class privilege, the spirit of which was clarioned by Shakespeare in the lines:
Not all the water in the rough rude sea
Can wash the balm from an anointed king.
In the Victorian or modern age the divine right of kings is as obsolete as a suit of armor; the privileges of royalty and nobility are either curbed or abolished, and ordinary men by their representatives in the House of Commons are the real rulers of England.
With a change in government comes a corresponding change in literature. In former ages literature was almost as exclusive as politics; it was largely in the hands of the few; it was supported by princely patrons; it reflected the taste of the upper classes. Now the masses of men begin to be educated, begin to think for themselves, and a host of periodicals appear in answer to their demand for reading matter. Poets, novelists, essayists, historians,-all serious writers feel the inspiration of a great audience, and their works have a thousand readers where formerly they had but one. In a word, English government, society and literature have all become more democratic. This is the most significant feature of modern history.
===
+++*[THE SCIENTIFIC SPIRIT]
The second tendency may be summed up in the word “scientific.” At the basis of this tendency is man’s desire to know the truth, if possible the whole truth of life; and it sets no limits to the exploring spirit, whether in the heavens above or the earth beneath or the waters under the earth. From star−dust in infinite space (which we hope to measure) to fossils on the bed of an ocean which is no longer unfathomed, nothing is too great or too small to attract man, to fascinate him, to influence his thought, his life, his literature. Darwin’s Origin of Species (1859), which laid the foundation for a general theory of evolution, is one of the most famous books of the age, and of the world. Associated with Darwin were Wallace, Lyell, Huxley, Tyndall and many others, whose Outlines of English and American Literature 165 essays are, in their own way, quite as significant as the poems of Tennyson or the novels of Dickens.
It would be quite as erroneous to allege that modern science began with these men as to assume that it began with the Chinese or with Roger Bacon; the most that can be said truthfully is, that the scientific spirit which they reflected began to dominate our thought, to influence even our poetry and fiction, even as the voyages of Drake and Magellan furnished a mighty and mysterious background for the play of human life on the Elizabethan stage. The Elizabethans looked upon an enlarging visible world, and the wonder of it is reflected in their prose and poetry; the Victorians overran that world almost from pole to pole, then turned their attention to an unexplored world of invisible forces, and their best literature thrills again with the grandeur of the universe in which men live.
===
+++*[IMPERIALISM]
A third tendency of the Victorian age in England is expressed by the word “imperialism.” In earlier ages the work of planting English colonies had been well done; in the Victorian age the scattered colonies increased mightily in wealth and power, and were closely federated into a world−wide Empire of people speaking the same noble speech, following the same high ideals of justice and liberty.
The literature of the period reflects the wide horizons of the Empire. Among historical writers, Parkman the American was one of the first and best to reflect the imperial spirit. In such works as A Half−Century of Conflict and Montcalm and Wolfe he portrayed the conflict not of one nation against another but rather of two antagonistic types of civilization: the military and feudal system of France against the democratic institutions of the Anglo−Saxons. Among the explorers, Mungo Park had anticipated the Victorians in his Travels in the Interior of Africa (1799), a wonderful book which set England to dreaming great dreams; but not until the heroic Livingstone’s Missionary Travels and Research in South Africa, The Zambesi and its Tributaries and Last Journals
[Footnote: In connection with Livingstone’s works, Stanley’s How I Found Livingstone (1872) should also be read. Livingstone died in Africa in 1873, and his Journals were edited by another hand. For a summary of his work and its continuation see Livingstone and the Exploration of Central Africa (London, 1897).] appeared was the veil lifted from the Dark Continent. Beside such works should be placed numerous stirring journals of exploration in Canada, in India, in Australia, in tropical or frozen seas,-wherever in the round world the colonizing genius of England saw opportunity to extend the boundaries and institutions of the Empire. Macaulay’s Warren Hastings, Edwin Arnold’s Indian Idylls, Kipling’s Soldiers Three,-a few such works must be read if we are to appreciate the imperial spirit of modern English history and literature.
===
+++*[POETS OF THE VICTORIAN AGE]
<<<
ALFRED TENNYSON (1809−1892)
ROBERT BROWNING (1812−1889)
ELIZABETH BARRETT BROWNING (1806−1861)
MATTHEW ARNOLD (1822−1888)
<<<
!THE PRE−RAPHAELITES.
In the middle of the nineteenth century, or in 1848 to be specific, a number of English poets and painters banded themselves together as a Pre−Raphaelite Brotherhood. [Footnote: The name was used earlier by some German artists, who worked together in Rome with the purpose of restoring art to the medieval simplicity and purity which, as was alleged, it possessed before the time of the Italian painter Raphael. The most famous artists of the English brotherhood were John Everett Millais and William Holman Hunt.] They aimed to make all art more simple, sincere, religious, and to restore “the sense of wonder, reverence and awe” which, they believed, had been lost since medieval times. Their sincerity was unquestioned; their influence, though small, was almost wholly good; but unfortunately they were, as Morris said, like men born out of due season. They lived too much apart from their own age and from the great stream of common life out of which superior art proceeds. For there was never a great book or a great picture that was not in the best sense representative, that did not draw its greatness from the common ideals of the age in which it was produced.
The first poet among the Pre−Raphaelites was Dante Gabriel Rossetti (1828−1882), the son of an exiled Italian writer.
<<<
William Morris (1834−1896)
ALGERNON CHARLES SWINBURNE (1837−1909)
<<<
===
+++*[THE VICTORIAN NOVELISTS]
<<<
CHARLES DICKENS (1812−1870)
WILLIAM MAKEPEACE THACKERAY (1811−1863)
MARY ANN EVANS, “GEORGE ELIOT” (1819−1880)
Charlotte Bronte (1816−1855)
Charles Reade (1814−1884)
Anthony Trollope (1815−1882)
<<<
===
!Calf's liver and bacon - Mrs Beaton
Ingredients
900g liver
900g bacon
pepper and salt, to taste
a small piece of butter
flour
2 tbsp lemon-juice
150ml water
Preparation method
Cut the liver in thin slices, and cut as many slices of bacon as there are of liver; fry the bacon first, and put that on a hot dish before the fire.
Fry the liver in the fat which comes from the bacon, after seasoning it with pepper and salt and dredging it with a little flour. Turn the liver occasionally to prevent its burning, and when done lay it round the dish with a piece of bacon between each. Pour away the bacon fat, put in a small piece of butter, dredge in a little flour, add the lemon-juice and water, give one boil, and pour it in the middle of the dish.
!Calves Liver with Bacon,Onions and Balsamico - Jamie Oliver
Ingredients
Serves 2
1 tbsp butter
1 large onion, thinly sliced
1 tsp sugar
2 tbsp balsamico
6 rashers of streaky bacon(rindless)
300-350g calves liver, thinly sliced
2 tbsp olive oil
Some flour for dusting.
Salt and black pepper.
''Method''
Before you start put the oven/grill on a low heat to keep the onions and bacon warm whilst you cook the liver.
1.Melt the butter in a frying pan and fry the onions and sugar over a medium heat, stirring often. They should be nicely browned when they're ready (takes about 8-10 mins).
2.Add the balsamic vinegar, some salt and pepper and stir into the onions. Remove from the pan and keep them warm.
3. Using the same pan, fry the bacon till browned but not TOO crispy. Keep warm.
4. Now season the liver with salt and pepper then coat lightly with the flour.
5. Clean your frying pan and heat it up till its nice and hot. Add the olive oil then the liver slices and fry over a high heat for about 30 seconds per side. You want the liver to be browned on the outside and pink on the inside. Cooking the liver too long will make it tough and dry !
Serve the liver with mashed potatoes and drizzle with a little balsamico creme (a thicker version of balsamic vinegar, usually sold in a squeezy bottle).
Tip ! You can also serve the liver just as it is with a lambs lettuce salad and some italian/french bread.
!Lemon Olive Oil Liver-Gallbladder Flush
Ingredients: 1/2 Red Grapefruit, 1/4 small lemon, small clove grated garlic (if you are not going anywhere), 1 - 2 Tablespoons first cold-pressed Extra Virgin Olive Oil.
Cut the half grapefruit in 4 slices and cut the rind off. Slice lemon and do the same. Throw the chunks of citrus in the blender. Add grated garlic (optional) and olive oil.
Wait 1 hour before eating.
!Lemon Olive Oil Liver-Gallbladder Flush #2
This is simply the next logical step using the above recipe. It is a short (2 - 3 day) fast. The grapefruit lemon olive oil drink is taken morning and evening and in between, herb teas, vegetable broth and raw vegetable juice provide sustenance.
The day before and day after such a cleanse, eat lightly - mostly raw salads, a little protein, and raw fruits.
!Expat info
http://www.easyexpat.com/
http://www.expat-blog.com/
http://britishexpats.com
!!Gibraltar
http://www.friday-ad.gi/
!Information
http://www.visitlondon.com
http://www.londonpass.com
http://golondon.about.com
http://www.timeout.com/london/
http://www.londonmarkets.co.uk/
http://www.londonsalsa.co.uk/
!Accommodation
!Travel
http://www.tfl.gov.uk
http://wellnessmama.com/4770/lotion-bars/
[[Light therapy]]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_level_laser_therapy
http://www.intechopen.com/books/a-textbook-of-advanced-oral-and-maxillofacial-surgery/applications-of-low-level-laser-therapy
[[Lasers for home use]]
[[Laser waverlengths]]
[[Cold laser technical detail]]
[[Pulsed electromagnetic field therapy - PEMF]]
[[Laser acupuncture]]
----
[[Radiofrequency therapies]]
----
!What is LLLT
Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) uses low-level (low-power) lasers or light-emitting diodes to alter cellular function. Whereas high-power lasers ablate tissue, low-power lasers are claimed to stimulate it and to encourage the cells to function. Sometimes called Cold or Biostimulation lasers. Laser light is coherent (it travels in a straight line), monochromatic (a single wavelength) and polarized (it concentrates its beam in a defined location or spot).
----
http://www.laser.nu/lllt/Faq1.htm
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3288797/
----
[[Low-level laser (light) therapy (LLLT)|http://europepmc.org/articles/pmc4126803]] is a fast-growing technology used to treat a multitude of conditions that require stimulation of healing, relief of pain and inflammation, and restoration of function. Although the skin is the organ that is naturally exposed to light more than any other organ, it still responds well to red and near-infrared wavelengths. The photons are absorbed by mitochondrial chromophores in skin cells. Consequently electron transport, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) nitric oxide release, blood flow, reactive oxygen species increase and diverse signaling pathways get activated. Stem cells can be activated allowing increased tissue repair and healing. In dermatology, LLLT has beneficial effects on wrinkles, acne scars, hypertrophic scars, and healing of burns. LLLT can reduce UV damage both as a treatment and as a prophylaxis. In pigmentary disorders such as vitiligo, LLLT can increase pigmentation by stimulating melanocyte proliferation and reduce depigmentation by inhibiting autoimmunity. Inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis and acne can also benefit.
----
!Therapeutic Benefits of Laser Therapy
Lasers and LED's produce intense beams of light at specific wavelengths. When the right wavelength at the right intensity is used at the correct anatomical location for the right amount of time you can stimulate repair, resolve inflammation and reduce pain by changing biochemical reactions at the level of the cell. In addition, high intensity single point lasers can release trigger points and treat acupuncture points instead of needles.
*Anti-inflammatory Action: Laser light reduces swelling, leading to decreased pain, less stiffness, and a faster return to normal joint and muscle function.
*Rapid Cell repair: Laser light accelerates cellular reproduction and healing.
*Faster Wound Healing: Laser light stimulates fibroblast development and accelerates collagen synthesis in damaged tissue.
*Reduced Fibrous Tissue Formation: Laser light reduces formation of scar tissue, leading to more complete healing, with less chance of weakness and re-injury later.
*Increased Vascular Activity: Laser light increases blood flow to the injured area.
*Stimulated Nerve Function: Laser light speeds nerve cell processes, which may decrease pain and numbness associated with nerve-related conditions.
----
!What Are The Five Effects Of Coherent (Cold Laser Light) On Body Tissues?
There are basically five effects cold laser light has on living tissues as concerns therapeutic value.
1. Speeding Up Tissue Repair: Just like the sun is responsible for photosynthesis (which is the conversion of light energy into chemical energy), the light used in cold laser therapy acts to increase energy to the cells by aiding in the synthesis of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate). Increased energy to the cells means increased cellular activity for all of the cell’s components that rely on this energy. Speeding up tissue repair also means less scar tissue formation. Scar tissue is a cheaper grade of tissue than never injured tissue. This is particularly important in tendons where they attach to muscles higher up in the leg where there are skeletal muscles. A scarred tendon has less elasticity than normal tendons.
2. Faster Collagen Formation: Much of an animal’s body tissue is composed of the protein known as collagen. Increased collagen production is necessary for rapid tissue repair, and as mentioned above, to decrease scar tissue formation. This is especially apparent where you see a gooey residue formation around wounds.
3. Increased Production Of natural Body Painkillers: Endorphins (endomorphines) are endogenous opiod biochemical compounds. They are peptides produced by the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus in vertebrates, and they resemble opiates in their abilities to produce analgesia and a send of well-being. In other words, they might work as "natural pain killers. The term endorphin rush has been adopted in popular speech to refer to feelings of exhilaration brought on by pain or danger, supposedly due to the influence of endorphins, although this term does not occur in the medical literature.
4. Increased Lymphatic Drainage: Studies have shown that cold laser therapy can dramatically increase the size of the lymphatic ducts thus facilitating protein waste removal. This is especially important in the lower legs of a horse where circulation is limited.
5. Increased Vascularization: This means increased blood flow to the tissues because of increased capillary formation. That’s the best positive sign you notice when treating a wound. This happens to deeper tissues as well—the ones you can’t see such as muscles and tendons. But when you see blood vessel formation over a wound you know the tissue is starting to heal. Again, first and foremost, never take any chances with healing.
!Conditions treated using laser therapy
*[[Acute soft tissue injuries]] e.g. sprains/strains
!!Back and neck pain
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19913903
!!Osteoarthritis
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1751-1097.2011.01032.x/full - on rats!
The 660 nm laser demonstrated a biostimulating effect on the formation of new blood cells (angiogenesis) but 808 nm was the most effective.
Energy density was 6 Jcm
*Chronic pain syndromes e.g. RSI, frozen shoulder, chronic low back pain
*Fractures and non-union fractures
!![[Hair loss]]
7 Red 660 Nanometre Energy Diodes stimulate the deepest parts of hair follicles
7 Blue 470 Nanometre Energy Diodes regenerates surface of the hair follicle
!!Knee synovitis
Knee synovitis occurs when the synovial membrane which lines and lubricates the knee joint, becomes inflamed. Synovitis may be caused by another condition, such as rheumatoid arthritis or gout, or may develop on its own. All of the large joints in the body (such as the knee, hip and shoulder) are synovial joints. These joints are surrounded by a synovial membrane which encapsulates the joint and lubricates it by secreting synovial fluid. This lining can become inflamed, causing pain and stiffness in the joint. Synovitis is usually a secondary condition, caused by another ailment, such as arthritis.
Inflammation of the synovial membrane plays an important role in the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA). The synovial tissue of patients with initial OA is characterized by infiltration of mononuclear cells and production of proinflammatory cytokines and other mediators of joint injury.
Low level laser treatment with 50 mW was more efficient than 100 mW in reducing cellular inflammation, and decreased the expression of IL-1β and IL-6. However, the 100 mW treatment led to a higher reduction of TNFα compared with the 50 mW treatment.
808 nm, 4 J, 142.4 J/cm2
http://arthritis-research.com/content/15/5/R116
*Nerve pain (Neuropathic pain) e.g. from disc injuries
*Ulcers e.g. diabetic ulcers
*Post operative care: Post operative pain, tendon repair, post mastectomy lymphoedema, infected wounds,
*Burns
!How does LLLT or Photomedicine therapy work?
http://youtu.be/Hunknb_g56I
*Therapeutic lasers work by supplying energy to the body in the form of photons of light.
The tissue and cells then absorb this energy, where it is used to accelerate the normal rate of tissue healing.
*The red and near infrared light (600nm – 1000nm) commonly used in LLLT can be produced by laser or high intensity LED. The intensity of LLLT laser and LEDs is not high like a surgical laser and there is no heating effect.
Once the light energy passes through the layers of skin and reaches the target area, it is absorbed and interacts with the light sensitive elements in the cell.
The effects of LLLT are photochemical, like photosynthesis in plants. The laser can affect cell membrane permeability and aid the production of ATP (the fuel for our cells) thereby providing the cell with more energy, which in turn means the cell is in optimum condition to play its part in a natural healing process.
!Evidence
Effect of low-level laser therapy in patients... [Lasers Med Sci. 2014] - PubMed - NCBISourceURL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23912778
Effect of low-level laser therapy in patients with chronic knee osteoarthritis
Cold Laser Therapy for Pain and Sports InjuriesSourceURL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mcZwYjAt7Jk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mcZwYjAt7Jk
http://www.electrotherapy.org/
----
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The one thing I learned from Euell Gibbons' love affair with nature is
that every day there's something to harvest in the wild for my crock. Jack Keller
In Stalking the Good Life, the late naturalist Euell Gibbons wrote about wild berries. "Actually," he wrote, "I begin picking berries about the time the last spring snow melts away." He then describes in one chapter a succession of harvests of wild wintergreen berries (teaberries), strawberries, red raspberries, black raspberries, wineberries, dewberries, blackberries, blueberries, huckleberries, squaw huckleberries (deerberries), and elderberries. Elsewhere in the book he describes harvests of wild barberries, black haws, cherries, chokecherries, cranberries, grapes, juneberries, wild raisins, squashberries, shadbush berries, serviceberries, sarvisberries, sugar pears, and sugar plums. These are just some of the berries -- but a sampling of what is out there -- growing in the wild and available to be harvested and turned into wine.
No matter where you live in the world, you live but a short walk or drive away from more edible wild plants than you probably ever imagined. Ancient man was successful as a species because he was capable of eating a very large variety of plants and animals. Many plants bear fruit or other components that can be made into wine suitable for just about any palate. On the pages that follow, I will be describing but a few of the thousands of wild edible plants in the United States and Canada which are suitable in one way or another for winemaking. Readers living outside this geographic area should not turn away. Many of the plants featured herein have relatives scattered all over the globe, and I have consistently tried to identify the genus (and species) of each plant featured so that distant relatives can be identified and recipes adapted to suit them. See "Adapting Recipes," below, for tips on how to do this.
At the end of the text portions of this section, I have listed a few recipes for making wine from wild edible plants. This list is presently small, but will grow in time. Please check back from time to time to see how it has grown. If you want to see a particular recipe there that isn't, send me an email requesting it. I may not respond immediately, but I will respond.
Adapting Recipes
Okay, you're out walking in the woods and come across a thick stand of salmonberries. You pull a couple of plastic bags from your day pack and an hour later you're heading for home with 8-10 pounds of sweet (but slightly tart), fresh fruit. You check your well-thumbed copy of First Steps in Winemaking and strike out. Then you fire up the computer and start burning up the search engines. Nothing! What to do? Well, hopefully you've got a bookmark set to The Winemaking Home Page and are therefore in luck. No, I don't have a salmonberry wine recipe (yet), but I can tell you how to make salmonberry wine. More acurately, I can tell you how to adapt a recipe to serve your purposes, and that's better than nothing.
The first thing you do is ask yourself, "What is a salmonberry similar to?" By similar, I mean most like in type of fruit, taste, pulp, firmness, color, skin or rind if that applied, and type plant. It is unwise to compare fruit from vining plants with fruit from bushes or trees unless there simply is no alternative. So, let's compare the salmonberry with similar berries.
Well, it looks like a salmon-colored blackberry, but tastes more like a red raspberry, wineberry or thimbleberry. Except, in reality, it tastes like none of these. Still, it comes closer in taste to a red raspberry than a blackberry, wineberry or thimbleberry. We might be able to narrow it down further, but this will do--quite nicely, actually. Start with a red raspberry wine recipe and go from there. But first, there are a few things you need to think about.
Fruit Content
With few exceptions, the more fruit you use in making a wine, the fruitier tasting it will be. This can be good or it can be too much. If good, so much the better. If too much, you have a problem. You can blend it with a complementary but weaker tasting wine or with a "second" wine made from the same fruit pulp as the first batch--if you happened to have made one. There really isn't much more you can do. Why is this important?
It's important for two reasons. When making a wine by recipe that specifies a varied quantity--such as 4-6 lbs--you can be assured that using the lesser quantity will make an acceptable wine, but using the larger quantity will make a fruitier wine. If you opt to use the larger quantity, you would be wise to also make a "second" batch using the pressed pulp from the first batch. This will always make a weaker wine, but one that is almost always acceptable on its own merit. More importantly, you'll have that "second" wine to use in blending with the first batch should its taste be too strong for you.
But it's also important when adapting a recipe for another ingredient. If the substituted ingredient lacks the fullness of flavor of the original ingredient called for in the recipe, you'll need to adjust the quantity upwards to make up for what is naturally lacking. In the case of substituting salmonberries for red raspberries, I can tell you right off that salmonberries lack the flavor and aroma raspberries are so famous for. Thus, you'll want to adjust the quantity upwards, but not too much. Berry wines should be subtle, not overpowering. My red raspberry recipe calls for 3-4 lbs of fruit. If using salmonberries instead of raspberries, use 4-5 lbs.
Another thing to consider about fruit content is that when using less fruit rather than more, the lesser amount, if within the recipe limitations, will usually produce a wine that more closely approximates the taste of grape wine, albeit the approximation may take a leap of imagination. What I mean is this: in truth, grape wines do not taste like grape juice, and fruit wines should not taste like fruit juice. My favorite peach wine recipe calls for 3 lbs of peaches per gallon, but I will reduce the amount of fruit to 2-1/2 lbs for an exceptionally flavorable crop. Conversely, for a weakly flavored crop I might increase the amount to 3-1/2 lbs.
Sugar Content and Supplementation
More than anything else, it is the conversion of sugar into carbon dioxide and alcohol by the action of yeast that makes wine. A critical amount of sugar simply must be present or you are wasting your time and ingredients. When this amount is absent, you must add sugar.
The amount you must add, of couse, depends on how much is there to begin with. You determine this by using a hydrometer to measure the specific gravity (S.G.) of the diluted liquor. What I mean by diluted liquor is the combined ingredients in the recipes less the sugar and yeast. If you measured the S.G. of the fruit juice alone and added sugar to attain a starting S.G. of, say, 1.095, that reading would be meaningless the moment you added water and other ingredients. So, combine the ingredients less the sugar and yeast, measure the S.G., and then add sugar to raise the S.G. accordingly.
This is especially important when adapting a recipe to a substitute ingredient. The substitute ingredient almost certainly will not contain exactly the same natural sugar as the ingredient specified in the recipe. You then adjust the sugar content accordingly. This will probably mean an amount close to that called for in the recipe, but not exactly the same amount.
Sugar can be added in several forms and several ways, but usually this boils down to adding refined sugar or adding honey. Unless a recipe specifically calls for honey, I always use sugar, and unless it specifically calls for light or dark brown sugar, I use finely granulated white cane sugar. Cane and beet sugar are both sucrose and are chemically the same. Unrefined brown sugar can still be found, but it is imported these days and usually costs more than domestic brown sugar. Domestic brown sugar is really refined sugar with molasses added. It will affect both taste and color of the wine, but for some wines it is required. Corn sugar is dextrose, preferred for beermaking but tradionally avoided by winemakers. Terry Garey and a few others say you can use it if you want to, but long ago I was taught "vinters scorn what comes from corn;" this ditty may be unfounded, but I've never wanted to risk a batch of wine testing its veracity.
Honey is another subject altogether. It comes in many, many flavors, depending upon the flowers the bees predominately visited while collecting pollens and nectares used to make it. These flavors do affect the wine, but so does the honey itself. Honey tends to mellow out a wine and contributes ever so slightly to body. Some people prefer it for that reason alone, while others prefer it for ecological reasons. I use it only when the recipe calls for it, when I know the wine will otherwise be thin, or when I want to impart a specific flavor to the wine--such as heather, clover, orange, or mesquite.
My problem with honey is that it slows down the clarification process considerably. Honey contains pollen, and pollen takes a long time to settle out. Even when settled, it can easily be lifted from the lees by the siphoning action of racking, and then it must again settle out. If you filter your wine, this is much less a problem than if you don't.
Acidity
Salmonberries are just a little bit more tart than red raspberries. This means it contains something red raspberries don't contain, or lacks something red raspberries don't. Tartness is usually caused by acid, but it could be caused by tannin, pectin, or simply a natural flavor. In the case of salmonberries, it's acid. If the difference were great, you'd want to adjust the amount of added acid in the recipe to be adapted downward, but in this case the difference is so slight as to be negligible. Indeed, the amount of acid blend you might remove from the red raspberry wine recipe is so small that it might easily be absent depending upon how you measure 1/2 tsp. A pinch less might be justified, but that is only about 20-30 grains of the crystalline blend, and that is not worth fretting about.
On the other hand, if the berries were unusually tart, you might cut the amount of acid blend used by 1/8 to 1/5. You wouldn't want to reduce it by more, as acid is essential to the health and reproduction of yeast.
Acidity should not generally be a worry if you have compared your fruit wisely and correctly. If in doubt, however, use an acid testing kit and adjust acidity to no more than 0.60% tartaric.
http://www.maltadirect.com/
!Mango with lime juice
The mangoes at the moment are as good as I’ve ever eaten. Show respect by eating them as they are, or with a squeeze of lime.
serves 3-4
mangoes - 2, perfectly ripe
lime - 1, ripe
Peel the mangoes and discard the skin. Working over a bowl, cut long slices from each side of the fruit, catching as much of the juice as you can in the bowl. Then squeeze over the juice from the lime and leave to chill for half an hour or so. Serve just as it is, without cream, sugar or any other fruit.
http://www.transportdirect.info/TransportDirect/en/
http://www.seat61.com/index.html - for overland travel
http://uk8.multimap.com
http://www.streetmap.co.uk
http://maps.google.co.uk
http://www.viewlondon.co.uk
+++[London]
[[Tube map|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:London_Underground_Zone_1.png#file]]
http://www.infotransport.co.uk/index.php
===
<script type="text/javascript" src=http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/plugins/NestedSlidersPlugin.js>
<script type="text/javascript" src=http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/plugins/BreadCrumbs2.js>
<script type="text/javascript" src=http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/plugins/Dates.js>
<script type="text/javascript" src=http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/plugins/WikiBar.js>
<meta name="verify-v1" content="BmliJ5OnDNDSva3NBDt/hsbj4pwhCH6kqktv7AT7mOo=" />
<!--{{{-->
<link rel='alternate' type='application/rss+xml' title='RSS' href='index.xml'/>
<!--}}}-->
!Breakfast
* Porridge or Muesli
* Cereal and banana
* Toast and jam or marmite
* French toast
* Cinnamon toast
* Poached or scrambled egg on toast
* Boiled eggs
* Bacon sandwhich
* Egg and bacon
!Lunch
* Sandwhich - egg, bacon etc
* Cheese salad
* Toastie - cheese and tomato
* Sardines on toast
* Omelette
* Boiled, Poached or scrambled egg
* Soup
* Bacon bone soup and lentils
* Pizza
* Baked potato and filling (tuna)
* Pasta
* Packet noodles
* Macaroni
* Beans on toast with egg or cheese top
!Tea
* Bacon, eggs and chips
* Chili con canre
* Curry
* Fish in Parsley sauce
* Ham salad and chips or potatoes
* Lamb chops and potatoes and vegetables
* Lasagne
* Mince and dumplings in the oven
* Omelette
* Pasta - tuna, garlic, tomatoes etc
* Pie and muchy peas
* Pizza and chips and salad
* Risotto
* Sausage, tomatoes and mashed potatoes
* Shepherds pie
* Smoked haddock
* Spaghetti Bolognese
* Spanish omelette
* Stew
* Stir Fry
This is a version of ''Media Wiki'' integrated into Mambo or Joomla. It uses an Iframe so it is best to assign a clean and full page template for the component menu link.
''Help''
http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/MediaWiki
http://www.lyquidity.com/mambo/components/com_mambowiki/index.php?title=Main_Page
http://aiddlywiki.sourceforge.net/wikibar_demo_2.html
!Sections
Sections in Mediawiki are created by creating their headers. Please, use the example below and replace Section, Subsection and Sub-Subsection with the names you would like to give to your sections:
==Section==
===Subsection===
====Sub-subsection====
----
http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/MediaWiki
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knee_cartilage_replacement_therapy
Meniscal transplantation - London Sports Orthopaedics
http://www.kneeguru.co.uk/
http://www.kneeguru.co.uk/KNEEnotes/guest-contributors/mrs-lesley-hall/cruciate-ligament-rehabilitation-tutorials-lesley-hall/cruciate-6
http://kneedoctor.ca/
http://www.saveyourknees.org/
!Calcium
Higher consumption of milk/dairy products reduces the risk of colon cancer, and high calcium intake reduces the risk of CRC.
High calcium intake had a greater protective effect against tumors of the distal colon and rectal cancer vs. proximal colon.
In vivo and in vitro studies suggest that dairy products, calcium, and dietary vitamin D inhibits the development of colorectal cancer (CRC).
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19116875
http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/diet/calcium-fact-sheet
In this large prospective study in a prostate cancer screening trial, greater dietary intake of calcium and dairy products, particularly low-fat types, may be modestly associated with increased risks for nonaggressive prostate cancer, but was unrelated to aggressive disease. Furthermore, we found no relationship between calcium intake and circulating vitamin D.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18086766
/%
|Name|MiniBrowser|
|Source|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#MiniBrowser|
|Version|0.0.0|
|Author|Eric Shulman - ELS Design Studios|
|License|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#LegalStatements <<br>>and [[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]|
|~CoreVersion|2.1|
|Type|script|
|Requires|InlineJavascriptPlugin, MiniBrowserList|
|Overrides||
|Description|use an 'inline frame' to display another site inside a tiddler with navigation buttons and a dropdown list of favorite URLs.|
Usage:
<<tiddler MiniBrowser with: myid>>
where:
id - (optional) specifies an ID to assign to the DOM element for the embedded IFRAME. If you want to have **more than one** MiniBrowser displayed at a time, you MUST provide an ID, so that each MiniBrowser can be uniquely identified within the DOM structure.
Note: MiniBrowserList can be *empty*, but must already exist for you to ADD a favorite to the list. If you don't copy the sample list from TiddlyTools, be sure to create this tiddler in your own document if you intend to use the MiniBrowser's "favorites" droplist.
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<option value="">bookmarks...</option>
</select><!--
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onclick="window.miniBrowserAddBookmark(this.form.url);"><!--
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onclick="window.miniBrowserDeleteBookmark(this.form.bookmarks);"><!--
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onclick="story.displayTiddler(null,'MiniBrowserList',2)"><!--
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place.form.w.value=w; place.form.h.value=h; // update width/height input fields
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</script><<tiddler HideTiddlerTags>>
----
Google
http://www.google.co.uk/ig?hl=en
----
Lifestyles
http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk
----
Yahoo UK
http://www.yahoo.co.uk
----
Google Groups - discussion/community help
http://groups.google.com/group/TiddlyWiki/
----
http://www.jointhealthmagazine.com/
http://www.herbion.com/herbionwebsite/Arthritis.html
----
*[[Athroplex or Arthrosolve|http://www.lifenaturalcures.com/Scripts/prodView.asp?idProduct=101]] - scam site??
Arnica
• Horse Chestnut
• Meadowsweet
• Mint and Juniper
• Liquorice
• Harpagophytum
• Papaya and pineapple
• Solomon’s Seal
*Oxycollasyn
Biocell Collagen, Celadrin, Opti-MSM, Fruite X-B, 5-Loxin, Sam-E and Regenasure.
Glucosamine Sulfate, Chondroitin Sulfate, Cetyl Myristoleate, Avocado, SAM-e, Turmeric, Ginger Root, White Willow, Cat's Claw, Alfalfa, Barley, Buckwheat, Devil's Claw, Cayenne, Flaxseed, Garlic, Lactobacillus Acidophilus, Soy Isoflavones, Wheatgrass, Acai, Bromelain, Vitamin C, Copper
Manchester University embryonic stem cell research
!Research
http://www.pulsetoday.co.uk/clinical/therapy-areas/complementary-medicine/little-evidence-for-most-complementary-medicines-in-arthritis-finds-review/20001534.article
There is a lack of evidence that complementary therapies such as glucosamine and copper bracelets help treat musculoskeletal conditions, and many therapies carry a risk of side effects, a report by an arthritis charity has found.
The evidence-based review, commissioned by Arthritis Research UK, found that most complementary therapies rated poorly for evidence of efficacy for rheumatoid arthritis, with only fish body oil scoring well and some evidence supporting the use of borage seed oil and evening primrose oil. Only four complementary products were assessed for efficacy in fibromyalgia and none were highly effective, the report found.
There was also concern about the safety of some complementary treatments, with treatments such as chiropractic, osteopathy and flaxseed oil being assigned ‘amber’ warnings for frequency of minor adverse effects.
The complementary therapies that were had the best evidence for efficacy included acupuncture for osteoarthritis, low back pain and fibromyalgia, massage for fibromyalgia and low back pain, tai chi for osteoarthritis and yoga for back pain.
In terms of supplements, capsaicin had the highest level of evidence for efficacy in osteoarthritis, while the nutritional supplement SAMe (S-adneosyl-methionine) was also found to be well tolerated and showed evidence for effectiveness in osteoarthritis.
Other therapies that showed modest evidence for efficacy in osteoarthritis included evening primrose oil, rose hip ginger and green-lipped mussel extract. There was mixed evidence for the efficacy of the widely-used supplement glucosamine in osteoarthritis, with the review noting that it had shown ‘little clinical benefit in terms of pain or changes in the joint’.
Professor Alan Silman, medical director of Arthritis Research UK, said the effectiveness of some complementary therapies in arthritic conditions was likely due to a placebo effect.
‘Complementary therapies are largely chosen by the patient and quite often paid for by the patient, and the relationship between patient and practitioner seems to be crucial in the effectiveness of the treatment,’ he said.
The report noted that up to 60% of people with musculoskeletal conditions in the UK use complementary therapies.
Description: A healthy combination of chicken, fresh tomatoes and spices.
Overall preparation time: 40 mins
Serves: 4
Per serving: 268 calories, 7 (g) of fat
Ingredients:
15ml spoon olive oil
1 red onion, finely sliced
1 clove garlic, crushed
500g pack chicken mince
2 x 5ml spoons ground cinnamon
5ml spoon ground coriander
500g pack fresh plum tomatoes, roughly chopped or 400g can chopped tomatoes
150g ready to eat dried apricots
15ml spoon tomato puree
salt and freshly ground black pepper
Method:
Heat the oil in a large saucepan, add the onion and garlic and cook for 3-4 minutes.
Add the chicken to the onions and cook stirring occasionally for 10 minutes, then add the cinnamon, apricots, coriander, tomatoes and tomato puree. Cover the pan and cook for a further 15 minutes.
Season to taste and serve.
http://www.chainreactioncycles.com/Models.aspx?ModelID=8543
https://www.amazon.co.uk/Slime-Inner-tube-sealant-8oz/dp/B000W45GGW
!Buying tyres
[[Buyers guide|http://www.evanscycles.com/buying-guides/tyres]]
----
My Bike - Super East 57-559 ''26x2.125'' = ''660x54mm'' 35-50 PSI
----
For urban riding a slick tyre with maximum puncture resistance is all you really need, but if you want to take it of the beaten track a little, then you should consider a hybrid tyre that has a central tread that is predominantly slick for low rolling resistance, but has a more aggressive side tread, with knobbles to bite into the dirt for off road grip.
Folding bead is supposed to be the best.
!Prices
Continental Traffic MTB Mountain Bike Tyre 26" X 2.1 " Black - £13 - http://www.pedal-pedal.co.uk/
<!--{{{-->
<!--- http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#MptwEditTemplate ($Rev: 1829 $) --->
<div class='toolbar' macro='toolbar +saveTiddler cancelTiddler deleteTiddler closeOthers permalink references jump wikibar'></div>
<div class="title" macro="view title"></div>
<div class="editLabel">Title</div><div class="editor" macro="edit title"></div>
<div class="editLabel">Tags</div><div class="editor" macro="edit tags"></div>
<div class="editorFooter"><span macro="message views.editor.tagPrompt"></span><span macro="tagChooser"></span></div>
<div macro="showWhenExists EditPanelTemplate">[[EditPanelTemplate]]</div>
<div class="editor" macro="edit text"></div>
<!--}}}-->
/***
| Name|MptwLayoutPlugin|
| Description|A package containing templates and css for the MonkeyPirateTiddlyWiki layout|
| Version|3.0 ($Rev: 1845 $)|
| Source|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#MptwLayoutPlugin|
| Author|Simon Baird <simon.baird@gmail.com>|
| License|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#TheBSDLicense|
!Notes
Presumes you have TagglyTaggingPlugin installed. To enable this you should have a PageTemplate containing {{{[[MptwPageTemplate]]}}} and similar for ViewTemplate and EditTemplate.
***/
//{{{
// used in MptwViewTemplate
config.mptwDateFormat = 'DD/MM/YY';
config.mptwJournalFormat = 'Journal DD/MM/YY';
//config.mptwDateFormat = 'MM/0DD/YY';
//config.mptwJournalFormat = 'Journal MM/0DD/YY';
config.shadowTiddlers.GettingStarted += "\n\nSee also MonkeyPirateTiddlyWiki.";
//}}}
//{{{
merge(config.shadowTiddlers,{
'MptwEditTemplate':[
"<!--{{{-->",
"<!--- http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#MptwEditTemplate ($Rev: 1829 $) --->",
"<div class=\"toolbar\" macro=\"toolbar +saveTiddler saveCloseTiddler closeOthers -cancelTiddler cancelCloseTiddler deleteTiddler\"></div>",
"<div class=\"title\" macro=\"view title\"></div>",
"<div class=\"editLabel\">Title</div><div class=\"editor\" macro=\"edit title\"></div>",
"<div class=\"editLabel\">Tags</div><div class=\"editor\" macro=\"edit tags\"></div>",
"<div class=\"editorFooter\"><span macro=\"message views.editor.tagPrompt\"></span><span macro=\"tagChooser\"></span></div>",
"<div macro=\"showWhenExists EditPanelTemplate\">[[EditPanelTemplate]]</div>",
"<div class=\"editor\" macro=\"edit text\"></div>",
"<!--}}}-->",
""
].join("\n"),
'MptwPageTemplate':[
"<!--{{{-->",
"<!-- http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#MptwPageTemplate ($Rev: 1829 $) -->",
"<div class='header' macro='gradient vert [[ColorPalette::PrimaryLight]] [[ColorPalette::PrimaryMid]]'>",
" <div class='headerShadow'>",
" <span class='siteTitle' refresh='content' tiddler='SiteTitle'></span> ",
" <span class='siteSubtitle' refresh='content' tiddler='SiteSubtitle'></span>",
" </div>",
" <div class='headerForeground'>",
" <span class='siteTitle' refresh='content' tiddler='SiteTitle'></span> ",
" <span class='siteSubtitle' refresh='content' tiddler='SiteSubtitle'></span>",
" </div>",
"</div>",
"<!-- horizontal MainMenu -->",
"<div id='topMenu' refresh='content' tiddler='MainMenu'></div>",
"<!-- original MainMenu menu -->",
"<!-- <div id='mainMenu' refresh='content' tiddler='MainMenu'></div> -->",
"<div id='sidebar'>",
" <div id='sidebarOptions' refresh='content' tiddler='SideBarOptions'></div>",
" <div id='sidebarTabs' refresh='content' force='true' tiddler='SideBarTabs'></div>",
"</div>",
"<div id='displayArea'>",
" <div id='messageArea'></div>",
" <div id='tiddlerDisplay'></div>",
"</div>",
"<!--}}}-->",
""
].join("\n"),
'MptwStyleSheet':[
"/*{{{*/",
"/* http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#MptwStyleSheet ($Rev: 1860 $) */",
"",
"/* a contrasting background so I can see where one tiddler ends and the other begins */",
"body {",
" background: [[ColorPalette::TertiaryLight]];",
"}",
"",
"/* sexy colours and font for the header */",
".headerForeground {",
" color: [[ColorPalette::PrimaryPale]];",
"}",
".headerShadow, .headerShadow a {",
" color: [[ColorPalette::PrimaryMid]];",
"}",
"",
"/* separate the top menu parts */",
".headerForeground, .headerShadow {",
" padding: 1em 1em 0;",
"}",
"",
".headerForeground, .headerShadow {",
" font-family: 'Trebuchet MS' sans-serif;",
" font-weight:bold;",
"}",
".headerForeground .siteSubtitle {",
" color: [[ColorPalette::PrimaryLight]];",
"}",
".headerShadow .siteSubtitle {",
" color: [[ColorPalette::PrimaryMid]];",
"}",
"",
"/* make shadow go and down right instead of up and left */",
".headerShadow {",
" left: 1px;",
" top: 1px;",
"}",
"",
"/* prefer monospace for editing */",
".editor textarea {",
" font-family: 'Consolas' monospace;",
"}",
"",
"/* sexy tiddler titles */",
".title {",
" font-size: 250%;",
" color: [[ColorPalette::PrimaryLight]];",
" font-family: 'Trebuchet MS' sans-serif;",
"}",
"",
"/* more subtle tiddler subtitle */",
".subtitle {",
" padding:0px;",
" margin:0px;",
" padding-left:0.5em;",
" font-size: 90%;",
" color: [[ColorPalette::TertiaryMid]];",
"}",
".subtitle .tiddlyLink {",
" color: [[ColorPalette::TertiaryMid]];",
"}",
"",
"/* a little bit of extra whitespace */",
".viewer {",
" padding-bottom:3px;",
"}",
"",
"/* don't want any background color for headings */",
"h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {",
" background: [[ColorPalette::Background]];",
" color: [[ColorPalette::Foreground]];",
"}",
"",
"/* give tiddlers 3d style border and explicit background */",
".tiddler {",
" background: [[ColorPalette::Background]];",
" border-right: 2px [[ColorPalette::TertiaryMid]] solid;",
" border-bottom: 2px [[ColorPalette::TertiaryMid]] solid;",
" margin-bottom: 1em;",
" padding-bottom: 2em;",
"}",
"",
"/* make options slider look nicer */",
"#sidebarOptions .sliderPanel {",
" border:solid 1px [[ColorPalette::PrimaryLight]];",
"}",
"",
"/* the borders look wrong with the body background */",
"#sidebar .button {",
" border-style: none;",
"}",
"",
"/* this means you can put line breaks in SidebarOptions for readability */",
"#sidebarOptions br {",
" display:none;",
"}",
"/* undo the above in OptionsPanel */",
"#sidebarOptions .sliderPanel br {",
" display:inline;",
"}",
"",
"/* horizontal main menu stuff */",
"#displayArea {",
" margin: 1em 15.7em 0em 1em; /* use the freed up space */",
"}",
"#topMenu br {",
" display: none;",
"}",
"#topMenu {",
" background: [[ColorPalette::PrimaryMid]];",
" color:[[ColorPalette::PrimaryPale]];",
"}",
"#topMenu {",
" padding:2px;",
"}",
"#topMenu .button, #topMenu .tiddlyLink, #topMenu a {",
" margin-left: 0.5em;",
" margin-right: 0.5em;",
" padding-left: 3px;",
" padding-right: 3px;",
" color: [[ColorPalette::PrimaryPale]];",
" font-size: 115%;",
"}",
"#topMenu .button:hover, #topMenu .tiddlyLink:hover {",
" background: [[ColorPalette::PrimaryDark]];",
"}",
"",
"/* for Tagger Plugin, thanks sb56637 */",
".popup li a {",
" display:inline;",
"}",
"",
"/* make it print a little cleaner */",
"@media print {",
" #topMenu {",
" display: none ! important;",
" }",
" /* not sure if we need all the importants */",
" .tiddler {",
" border-style: none ! important;",
" margin:0px ! important;",
" padding:0px ! important;",
" padding-bottom:2em ! important;",
" }",
" .tagglyTagging .button, .tagglyTagging .hidebutton {",
" display: none ! important;",
" }",
" .headerShadow {",
" visibility: hidden ! important;",
" }",
" .tagglyTagged .quickopentag, .tagged .quickopentag {",
" border-style: none ! important;",
" }",
" .quickopentag a.button, .miniTag {",
" display: none ! important;",
" }",
"}",
"/*}}}*/",
""
].join("\n"),
'MptwViewTemplate':[
"<!--{{{-->",
"<!--- http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#MptwViewTemplate ($Rev: 1830 $) --->",
"",
"<div class='toolbar'>",
" <span macro=\"showWhenTagged systemConfig\">",
" <span macro=\"toggleTag systemConfigDisable . '[[disable|systemConfigDisable]]'\"></span>",
" </span>",
" <span style=\"padding:1em;\"></span>",
" <span macro='toolbar closeTiddler closeOthers +editTiddler deleteTiddler undoChanges permalink references jump'></span>",
" <span macro='newHere label:\"new here\"'></span>",
" <span macro='newJournalHere {{config.mptwJournalFormat?config.mptwJournalFormat:\"MM/0DD/YY\"}}'></span>",
"</div>",
"",
"<div class=\"tagglyTagged\" macro=\"tags\"></div>",
"",
"<div class='titleContainer'>",
" <span class='title' macro='view title'></span>",
" <span macro=\"miniTag\"></span>",
"</div>",
"",
"<div class='subtitle'>",
" <span macro='view modifier link'></span>,",
" <span macro='view modified date {{config.mptwDateFormat?config.mptwDateFormat:\"MM/0DD/YY\"}}'></span>",
" (<span macro='message views.wikified.createdPrompt'></span>",
" <span macro='view created date {{config.mptwDateFormat?config.mptwDateFormat:\"MM/0DD/YY\"}}'></span>)",
"</div>",
"",
"<div macro=\"showWhenExists ViewPanelTemplate\">[[ViewPanelTemplate]]</div>",
"",
"<div macro=\"hideWhen tiddler.tags.containsAny(['css','html','pre','systemConfig']) && !tiddler.text.match('{{'+'{')\">",
" <div class='viewer' macro='view text wikified'></div>",
"</div>",
"<div macro=\"showWhen tiddler.tags.containsAny(['css','html','pre','systemConfig']) && !tiddler.text.match('{{'+'{')\">",
" <div class='viewer'><pre macro='view text'></pre></div>",
"</div>",
"",
"<div macro=\"showWhenExists ViewDashboardTemplate\">[[ViewDashboardTemplate]]</div>",
"",
"<div class=\"tagglyTagging\" macro=\"tagglyTagging\"></div>",
"",
"<!--}}}-->",
""
].join("\n")
});
//}}}
<!--{{{-->
<!-- http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#MptwPageTemplate ($Rev: 1829 $) -->
<div class='header' macro='gradient vert [[ColorPalette::PrimaryLight]] [[ColorPalette::PrimaryMid]]'>
<div class='headerShadow'>
<span class='siteTitle' refresh='content' tiddler='SiteTitle'></span>
<span class='siteSubtitle' refresh='content' tiddler='SiteSubtitle'></span>
</div>
<div class='headerForeground'>
<span class='siteTitle' refresh='content' tiddler='SiteTitle'></span>
<span class='siteSubtitle' refresh='content' tiddler='SiteSubtitle'></span>
</div>
</div>
<!-- horizontal MainMenu -->
<div id='topMenu' refresh='content' tiddler='MainMenu'></div>
<!-- original MainMenu menu -->
<!-- <div id='mainMenu' refresh='content' tiddler='MainMenu'></div> -->
<div id='sidebar'>
<div id='sidebarOptions' refresh='content' tiddler='SideBarOptions'></div>
<div id='sidebarTabs' refresh='content' force='true' tiddler='SideBarTabs'></div>
</div>
<div id='displayArea'>
<div id='messageArea'></div>
<div id='tiddlerDisplay'></div>
</div>
<!--}}}-->
/*{{{*/
/* http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#MptwStyleSheet ($Rev: 1860 $) */
/* a contrasting background so I can see where one tiddler ends and the other begins */
body {
background: [[ColorPalette::TertiaryLight]];
}
/* sexy colours and font for the header */
.headerForeground {
color: [[ColorPalette::PrimaryPale]];
}
.headerShadow, .headerShadow a {
color: [[ColorPalette::PrimaryMid]];
}
/* separate the top menu parts */
.headerForeground, .headerShadow {
padding: 1em 1em 0;
}
.headerForeground, .headerShadow {
font-family: 'Trebuchet MS' sans-serif;
font-weight:bold;
}
.headerForeground .siteSubtitle {
color: [[ColorPalette::PrimaryLight]];
}
.headerShadow .siteSubtitle {
color: [[ColorPalette::PrimaryMid]];
}
/* make shadow go and down right instead of up and left */
.headerShadow {
left: 1px;
top: 1px;
}
/* prefer monospace for editing */
.editor textarea {
font-family: 'Consolas' monospace;
}
/* sexy tiddler titles */
.title {
font-size: 250%;
color: [[ColorPalette::PrimaryLight]];
font-family: 'Trebuchet MS' sans-serif;
}
/* more subtle tiddler subtitle */
.subtitle {
padding:0px;
margin:0px;
padding-left:0.5em;
font-size: 90%;
color: [[ColorPalette::TertiaryMid]];
}
.subtitle .tiddlyLink {
color: [[ColorPalette::TertiaryMid]];
}
/* a little bit of extra whitespace */
.viewer {
padding-bottom:3px;
}
/* don't want any background color for headings */
h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {
background: [[ColorPalette::Background]];
color:#273F66;
}
h1 {
background: [[ColorPalette::Background]];
color:#0454CB;
font-size: 2em;
}
/* give tiddlers 3d style border and explicit background */
.tiddler {
background: [[ColorPalette::Background]];
border-right: 2px [[ColorPalette::TertiaryMid]] solid;
border-bottom: 2px [[ColorPalette::TertiaryMid]] solid;
margin-bottom: 1em;
padding-bottom: 2em;
}
/* make options slider look nicer */
#sidebarOptions .sliderPanel {
border:solid 1px [[ColorPalette::PrimaryLight]];
}
/* the borders look wrong with the body background */
#sidebar .button {
border-style: none;
}
/* this means you can put line breaks in SidebarOptions for readability */
#sidebarOptions br {
display:none;
}
/* undo the above in OptionsPanel */
#sidebarOptions .sliderPanel br {
display:inline;
}
/* horizontal main menu stuff */
#displayArea {
margin: 1em 15.7em 0em 1em; /* use the freed up space */
}
#topMenu br {
display: none;
}
#topMenu {
background: [[ColorPalette::PrimaryMid]];
color:[[ColorPalette::PrimaryPale]];
}
#topMenu {
padding:2px;
}
#topMenu .button, #topMenu .tiddlyLink, #topMenu a {
margin-left: 0.5em;
margin-right: 0.5em;
padding-left: 3px;
padding-right: 3px;
color: [[ColorPalette::PrimaryPale]];
font-size: 115%;
}
#topMenu .button:hover, #topMenu .tiddlyLink:hover {
background: [[ColorPalette::PrimaryDark]];
}
/* for Tagger Plugin, thanks sb56637 */
.popup li a {
display:inline;
}
/* make it print a little cleaner */
@media print {
#topMenu {
display: none ! important;
}
/* not sure if we need all the importants */
.tiddler {
border-style: none ! important;
margin:0px ! important;
padding:0px ! important;
padding-bottom:2em ! important;
}
.tagglyTagging .button, .tagglyTagging .hidebutton {
display: none ! important;
}
.headerShadow {
visibility: hidden ! important;
}
.tagglyTagged .quickopentag, .tagged .quickopentag {
border-style: none ! important;
}
.quickopentag a.button, .miniTag {
display: none ! important;
}
}
/*}}}*/
For upgrading directly from tiddlyspot. See [[ImportTiddlers]].
URL: /proxy/mptw.tiddlyspot.com/upgrade.html
For upgrading. See [[ImportTiddlers]].
URL: http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/upgrade.html
<!--{{{-->
<!--- http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#MptwViewTemplate ($Rev: 1830 $) --->
<div class='toolbar'>
<span macro="showWhenTagged systemConfig">
<span macro="toggleTag systemConfigDisable . '[[disable|systemConfigDisable]]'"></span>
</span>
<span style="padding:1em;"></span>
<span macro='toolbar closeTiddler closeOthers +editTiddler deleteTiddler undoChanges permalink references jump'></span>
<span macro='newHere label:"new here"'></span>
<span macro='newJournalHere {{config.mptwJournalFormat?config.mptwJournalFormat:"MM/0DD/YY"}}'></span>
</div>
<div style="float:left;" class="tagglyTagged" macro="tags"></div>
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<style>
#socialinks {}
#socialinks .div_link {padding:0px 2px 0px 2px;}
</style>
<div id='socialinks'>
<div style="float:right;"><a href="http://digg.com/submit?phase=2&url=http%3A//www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk&title=Lifestyles" target="_blank"><div class="div_link"><img border="0" src="http://www.linuxuser.at/socialinks/images/digg.png" alt="Digg This" title="Digg This" /></div></a></div>
<div style="float:right;"><a href="http://reddit.com/submit?url=http%3A//www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk&title=Lifestyles" target="_blank"><div class="div_link"><img border="0" src="http://www.linuxuser.at/socialinks/images/reddit.png" alt="Reddit" title="Reddit" /></div></a></div>
<div style="float:right;"><a href="http://del.icio.us/post?url=http%3A//www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk&title=Lifestyles" target="_blank"><div class="div_link"><img border="0" src="http://www.linuxuser.at/socialinks/images/delicious.png" alt="del.icio.us" title="del.icio.us" /></div></a></div>
<div style="float:right;"><a href="http://slashdot.org/bookmark.pl?url=http%3A//www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk&title=Lifestyles" target="_blank"><div class="div_link"><img border="0" src="http://www.linuxuser.at/socialinks/images/slashdot.png" alt="slashdot" title="slashdot" /></div></a></div>
<div style="float:right;"><a href="http://www.stumbleupon.com/submit?url=http%3A//www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk&title=Lifestyles" target="_blank"><div class="div_link"><img border="0" src="http://www.linuxuser.at/socialinks/images/stumbleupon.png" alt="stumbleupon" title="stumbleupon" /></div></a></div>
<div style="float:right;"><a href="http://technorati.com/faves?add=http%3A//www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk" target="_blank"><div class="div_link"><img border="0" src="http://www.linuxuser.at/socialinks/images/technorati.png" alt="Technorati" title="Technorati" /></div></a></div>
<div style="float:right;"><a href="http://myweb2.search.yahoo.com/myresults/bookmarklet?u=http%3A//www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk&t=Lifestyles" target="_blank"><div class="div_link"><img border="0" src="http://www.linuxuser.at/socialinks/images/yahoomyweb.png" alt="YahooMyWeb" title="YahooMyWeb" /></div></a></div>
<div style="float:right;"><a href="http://www.furl.net/storeIt.jsp?u=http%3A//www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk&t=Lifestyles" target="_blank"><div class="div_link"><img border="0" src="http://www.linuxuser.at/socialinks/images/furl.png" alt="Furl" title="Furl" /></div></a></div>
</div>
<div class='titleContainer'>
<span class='title' macro='view title'></span>
<span macro="miniTag"></span>
</div>
<div macro="showWhenExists ViewPanelTemplate">[[ViewPanelTemplate]]</div>
<div macro="hideWhen tiddler.tags.containsAny(['css','html','pre','systemConfig']) && !tiddler.text.match('{{'+'{')">
<div class='viewer' macro='view text wikified'></div>
</div>
<div macro="showWhen tiddler.tags.containsAny(['css','html','pre','systemConfig']) && !tiddler.text.match('{{'+'{')">
<div class='viewer'><pre macro='view text'></pre></div>
</div>
<div macro="showWhenExists ViewDashboardTemplate">[[ViewDashboardTemplate]]</div>
<div class="tagglyTagging" macro="tagglyTagging"></div>
<!--}}}-->
| !includeTag | !excludeTag | !title | !description | !filename |
| Index | systemConfig| | everything but plugins | homepage.xml|
<html><body>
<p width="100%" align="center"><embed pluginspage="http://www.adobe.com/go/getflashplayer" src="http://www.yourminis.com/Dir/GetContainer.api?uri=yourminis/yourminis/mini:mp3" FlashVars="view_mode=2&height=260&xheight=270&xwidth=250&width=240&uri=yourminis%2Fyourminis%2Fmini%3Amp3&swfurl=%2Fwidget%5Fmp3%2Eswf&" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowScriptAccess="always" wmode="transparent" width="250" height="270"></embed><br /></p>
</body></html>
Umej Bhatia discusses Muslim memories of the Crusades and their resonances in Middle Eastern politics today.
On December 11th, 1917, eight centuries after the Kurdish warrior-general Saladin expelled the Crusaders from the holy city of Jerusalem, a British-led Egypt expeditionary force overcame its beleaguered Turkish defenders. The holy city had changed hands after nearly a millennium of Muslim rule, which had been interrupted only by the short-lived Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem (1099-1291) and assorted Crusader states which had introduced an alien, Western Christian, feudal order to the Levant.
Now, as the Ottoman empire tottered, the commander-in-chief of the expeditionary force, General Sir Edmund Allenby approached the Jaffa Gate on the West Wall. Wearing the unspectacular khaki of the British Army, he entered on foot as a mark of respect to the Holy City. But the General had other strategic considerations in mind. The British and Imperial forces included Indian Muslim sepoys who shared the faith of the Ottoman army. After a failed mutiny in the Far East in 1915, they were deemed highly susceptible to the pan-Islamic propaganda of the Central Powers. Allenby therefore had to be careful not to offend their sentiments by invoking a Christian victory. European media coverage was far less circumspect. Allenby’s victory was presented as the ‘consummation of Europe’s last crusade’. The triumphal narrative drew a straight line from the glorious First Crusade of 1095-1101, down to the thwarted Eighth in 1270, encompassing the inconclusive and fizzled Crusades of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. This allowed the popular imagination in Europe to claim a final victory in 1917.
But two years after Allenby’s British and Imperial forces took Palestine, it was victory of a more concrete sort that occupied Western statesmen and diplomats who convened in Paris for the frenzied diplomatic activity of the 1919 Peace Conference. Part of the wider mandate to create a lasting post-war peace, which found expression in the Treaty of Versailles, it was also a meeting to supervise the carve-up of the Middle East. In one of many sessions devoted to address the so-called Eastern Question, the French foreign minister Stéphen Jean Marie Pichon began a speech to seek political support for France’s claim to Syria, which he confidently dated back to the Crusades. Pichon’s words resonated among some members of his audience.
But not all were amused. Among those concentrating on the interpretation of the minister’s speech was the Emir Feisal of the Hijaz. The Emir’s father, the Hashemite Sharif Husayn of Mecca, had led the Arab revolt against Ottoman rule in support of Allied victory in the Middle East. Planned by General Allenby and the Emir’s military advisor, Colonel T.E. Lawrence (Lawrence of Arabia), the desert combat had claimed the lives of many Arab fighters. In return, Sharif Husayn had been promised British support for an Arab state, with the expectation that this would include Greater Syria.
Feisal overcame French obstruction to arrive in Paris for the Conference, his credentials naming him as his father’s representative, and not as the Crown Prince. Serving as Feisal’s interpreter and aide was the colourful Lawrence, decked out in full Arab regalia. As Pichon held forth on Syria and the Crusades, the trained diplomats present at the meeting would have paid attention to Feisal’s body language. But maintaining the stately composure that had so impressed the American Secretary of State Robert Lansing, Feisal restricted his response to a succinct retort: ‘Pardon me, Monsieur Pichon, but which of us won the Crusades?’
Feisal’s riposte had been drawn from a collective memory of the Crusades as a proud and ultimately victorious phase in Islamic history. Pichon, disdainful of Feisal as a British puppet and less impressed by the sight of a regal Arab than his American counterpart, unapologetically asserted France’s crusading pedigree in Syria. In gambits that resemble today’s trans-Atlantic divide, France and Britain played out their age-old rivalry. When Colonel Lawrence met separately with the French Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau, the British officer was reminded of the French blood spilled during the Crusades. Lawrence’s reply was cutting: ‘Yes… but the Crusaders had been defeated and the Crusades had failed.’
France was not deterred by the mere fact of a monumental defeat. A powerful log-rolling lobby ranging from fabric manufacturers in Lyons to Jesuit priests in Beirut had their sights trained on Greater Syria. This was all part of the routine realpolitik of the infamous Sykes-Picot Agreement by which Britain and France agreed to divide the Middle East between them. In addition, France drew inspiration from the poetic glory of the Chanson de Roland, a classic of national poetry that celebrated French valour in the face of a Muslim victory at Roncesvalles.
Even as Feisal collected debating points, Pichon’s tricolore and a Great-Power backroom deal bested the Hashemite potentate. At the San Remo Conference held in Italy in April 1920, France arrogated to itself the mandate over Greater Syria. Barely three months later, after Feisal’s exile to Italy, the first French high commissioner in Syria, General Henri Gouraud entered Damascus and strode up to Saladin’s tomb. According to some possibly exaggerated accounts, he kicked the tomb, or perhaps merely stumbled, before announcing: ‘Saladin, we have returned. My presence here consecrates the victory of the Cross over the Crescent.’
The historic truth of such episodes notwithstanding, contemporary events in the Middle East impart a powerful resonance to the memory of such affronts to Muslim dignity. As the past is recalled, the facts are selectively presented in terms of present preoccupations. Ironically, as distinct terms, the Arabic terms al-hurub al-salibiyya (Crusader wars), or hurub al-salib (wars of the Cross) and al-salibiyyun (Crusaders) first appeared only in modern times among Syrian Christian intelligentsia. Today, shaping the collective memory of the ummah, the worldwide community of Muslims, in particular the majority Sunni population, is a stream of invective designed to resurrect painful memories of the Crusaders and connect them to their contemporary avatars.
During Islam’s nahda (Rebirth) period of the late nineteenth century, the liberal Egyptian reformer Muhammed Abduh (1849-1905) promoted a polemical view of the Crusades. Rational and judicious, he demonstrated a blind spot, perhaps deliberately cultivated, when it came to discussing the Crusades. Influenced by the pan-Islamic rhetoric of his teacher Jamal al-Afghani, he referred to Europeans as the Franks in the style of his medieval predecessors. He harshly equated the British prime minister William Gladstone, who disliked Jesuit missionaries and was an unenthusiastic imperialist, with Peter the Hermit, the eleventh-century French monk who helped direct the first popular Crusade towards the Holy Land. Making explicit his comparison between the Crusaders and modern European colonialists, Abduh declared: ‘A Frank might reach the highest ranks, like Gladstone, yet still, every word he utters seems to be coming out of Peter the Hermit!’
The godfather of modern, militant Islam, Sayyid Qutb (1906-66), expanded Abduh’s polemics on the Crusades. From Egypt, Qutb’s writings on ‘Crusaderism’ spread throughout extremist circles in the Arab Middle East and beyond. In 1988, the Palestinian Hamas Charter referred to both the Allenby and Gouraud incidents. In 1998, Osama Bin Laden, chief ideologue of the transnational terror organisation al-Qaeda, readily played up the clash between the Cross and the Crescent:
There are two parties to the conflict: World Christianity, which is allied with Jews and Zionism, led by the United States, Britain, and Israel. The second party is the Islamic world.
Yet, bin Laden’s view does not speak for all Muslims. A more nuanced and potentially more authentic, collective memory of the Middle Eastern Crusades does exist, symbolized in part by the memoirs of a twelfth-century Syrian emir, Usamah Ibn Munqidh. He saw the positive and negative aspects of the crusading enterprise, but his voice is a forgotten one. As the Allenby episode demonstrates, the media tends to simplify and thus distort some critical nuances.
The one-dimensional, black-and-white message of the fundamentalists is well suited to the nature of the mass media, whereas so-called moderates, for want of a better term, have a harder time getting their message across. While the extremists are usually men of action or ideologues, most articulate, moderate Muslims tend to be of an intellectual bent. Their message is not pitched to the lowest common denominator. It is a case of logic versus emotion, and those with effective sound-bites will drown out those who think well but speak softly.
In the case of the Muslim memory of the Crusades, the extremist, agit-prop version of history, whether nationalist or Islamist, is ascendant. You have to look hard to find those who actually tap honestly into the genuine, collective memory of the Crusades. The 1998 novel, Harith al-Miyah (Tiller of the Waves), by the Paris-based Lebanese writer Hoda Barakat describes the multi-layered recollections of a textile merchant, Niqula Mitri in Beirut. His hallucinating imagination amidst the contemporary devastation of Beirut is inter-woven with memories of the disasters that befell the city in the past, including the Frankish invasions, Venetian bombardment, internal wars and Druze-Christian feuds. Barakat sees the period of the medieval Crusades as one of a series of destructive events involving military leaders from different factions in different wars. Religion, solidarity or territorial expansion is not the key factor. He draws no moral or lesson that equates Western imperialism or globalisation with the Crusades. Instead, Barakat’s humane and apolitical vision catalogues the facts of destruction and hopes for survival. In telling the story of the Crusades as one thread in the tapestry of destruction visited upon Beirut, Barakat makes a return to the tradition established by the first Muslim chronicler of the Crusades period, the twelfth-century ad scholar Ibn al-Qalanisi, in his Chronicle of Damascus.
Tamin al-Barghouti, a young Palestinian poet who teaches at the American University of Cairo, is also among a handful of writers who demonstrate a deep understanding and authentic connection with this episode of history.
Commenting on a recent American foray into the Shi’ite holy city of Najaf, Tamim al-Barghouti recounts a folk tale about an Arab and Frankish fisherman in the coastal town of Acre in the early days of the Crusades. Their fishing lines get tangled, and a quarrel ensues. The Muslim fisherman realises that further provocation would be pointless since the Crusaders out-number the Arabs in Levantine Acre. He makes a deal with the Frank. Each will hit the other with a stick, and the last man standing will take the fish. The hardy Frank agrees, receives his beating without complaint and proceeds to return the favour in kind to the Arab. But the Arab discards his stick and walks away, expressing his dislike for fish, and inviting the Frank to keep his catch. Barghouti recounts the folk tale to illustrate the conviction that invaders of Muslim lands can never claim a conclusive victory:
Whatever victory the Americans claim in Najaf is like the fish the Frank took from the Arab; the Frank can celebrate the fish as much as he wants but the sea speaks Arabic.
Does the West need to develop a better understanding of the Crusades and other watershed events in Muslim memory? Can it help produce insights to help win the hearts and minds of those swayed by extremist rhetoric, or influenced by the fundamentalist reconstruction of history? Is there not a need to develop a greater sensitivity to the implications of policy decisions on the historical imagination of the worldwide community of Muslims, along with an appraisal of the impact of past attempts to shape the Middle East?
After all, don’t today’s events become tomorrow’s memories?
Umej Bhatia, a Singapore Foreign Service officer, is researching the Crusades in Muslim memory at Harvard University. He has served as an Alternate Representative on the UN Security Council. This article is written in his personal capacity.
+++[Lifestyles]
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===
+++[Greenpolitics]
<<rssReader asText http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/proxy.php?url=http://greenpolitics.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/rss/2.html>>
===
+++[Worldwideweb]
<<rssReader asText http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/proxy.php?url=http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/worldwideweb.xml>>
===
+++[Writers site]
<<rssReader asText http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/proxy.php?url=http://elearningandwriting.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/rss/2.html>>
===
+++[Dokuwiki blog]
<<rssReader asText http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/proxy.php?url=http://dokuwiki.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/feed.php?mode=list&type=rss&linkto=page&ns=blog>>
===
+++[Free Mediawiki]
<<rssReader asText http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/proxy.php?url=http://mediawiki.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/index.php?title=Special:Newpages&feed=rss>>
===
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<body>
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<iframe src ="http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/" height=210px width="100%">
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Influence of N-acetylcysteine on chronic bronchitis or COPD exacerbations: a meta-analysis
http://err.ersjournals.com/content/24/137/451
Dosage: if a patient suffering from chronic bronchitis presents a documented airway obstruction, NAC should be administered at a dose of ≥1200 mg per day to prevent exacerbations, while if a patient suffers from chronic bronchitis, but is without airway obstruction, a regular treatment of 600 mg per day seems to be sufficient.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23348146
N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) has been proposed as an additional therapeutic agent for AIDS patients because it reduces human immunodeficiency , and it ameliorates immunological reactivity
N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC): NAC supplements are made synthetically from the amino acid l-cysteine. The small molecule slips seamlessly into the blood where it combines with glutamic acid and glycine to restock the liver’s supply of glutathione. A potent liver detoxifier, NAC is approved by the Food and Drug Administration as a tool to limit liver damage caused by acetaminophen overdose.
cysteine. The sulfur-rich amino acid is a key building block for glutathione. The best sources are eggs, garlic and whey protein. If you buy whey protein, make sure it is bioactive and made from undenatured (or nondenatured) proteins, meaning the bond between the amino acids is preserved, and the cysteine is more bioavailable.
Most glutathione is made inside the body from three amino acids: glutamic acid, cysteine and glycine. In addition, some foods, particularly asparagus, spinach, avocado and squash, are high in a plant version of glutathione that the body converts to replenish its supply.
[[Xylitol nasal rinse]]
Nasal polyposis is important in the differential diagnosis of nasal obstruction. Clinical features of nasal polyposis include nasal congestion (100%), loss of smell and/or taste (75%), sneezing and rhinorrhea (60%), post-nasal drip (65%), facial pain (35%), and ocular itching (25%).
Resistant to medical treatment, and often a contributing factor to complicated bacterial sinus infections, nasal polyps are the most common group of mass lesions of the nasal cavity. There are many unanswered questions about the incidence, pathogenesis, and optimal treatment of the lesions.
They are essentially outgrowths of the nasal mucosa and can occasionally be seen on anterior exam with a nasal speculum. Often, they can only be seen with fiberoptic rhinoscopy. The poylps are smooth, gelatinous, semi-translucent, pear-shaped, and pale to white in color. They are located on the lateral wall of the nose, commonly protruding out of the ethmoid sinus area.
They are most commonly confused with hypertrophied or polypoid nasal turbinates. Since polyps are devoid of sensory innervation, they can be distinguished by lack of pain on manipulation (with a swab, e.g.).
The differential diagnosis also includes tumors of the nasal cavity: squamous cell, angiofibroma, inverting papilloma, and sarcoma - all of which are uncommon entities. The "red flags" are unilaterality, friability, firmness, and bleeding (spontaneous or bleeding with light manipulation).
The incidence in general population is unknown - possibly between 0.1 - 2%. One study (Settipane, 1974) documented polyps in 4% of allergic rhinitics, but there is no convincing evidence of a greater incidence in the "atopic" population - i.e., in patients with 1 or more positive skin or RAST tests to common aeroallergens.
There is a higher incidence in asthmatics (20-30%), and even higher (49%) in those asthmatics hypersensitive to aspirin. In general, nasal poylps are most common in middle-aged men. If seen in a young person with concurrent respiratory symptoms, the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis should be considered.
A number of etiologic factors for nasal polyps have been proposed, the most commonly mentioned are inflammatory rhinitis (allergic or irritant-induced, e.g.) and chronic bacterial rhinosinusitis. However, it's likely that both factors are involved in any given individual.
One proposed theory is that blockage of sinus ostia occurs via allergic (or vasomotor) inflammation or viral infection. Subsequently, chronic bacterial infection of the sinuses leads to the elaboration of bacterial toxins and enzymes, as well as to indirect inflammatory changes (edema, infiltration of blood cells). All this can result in epithelial damage with subsequent formation of the polyp.
In fact, Norlander (1993) was able to induce the growth of polyps in the maxillary sinuses of rabbits by implanting bacterial colonies and then artificially occluding the ostia. In humans, it is likely that Staph A and Anaerobic infections are common precipitants, since these organisms are typical of chronic sinusitis. It is important to note that chronic sinus infections are often polymicrobial including both aerobic (mostly strep and staph species) and anaerobic organisms concurrently.
Treatment of nasal polyps is often difficult. The goal is to treat these inflammatory lesions with corticosteroids, and to address the possible infectious component - which may require 3 or more weeks of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Often, a "medical polypectomy" is attempted, which entails a 1 or 2 week course of oral corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone 40 mg/day x 7-14 days).
In many cases, medical treatment is ineffective, and surgical polypectomy is required. After successful treatment of the polyps, patients should be maintained on nasal steroids for an extended period. Avoidance of allergic or irritant environmental triggers is advisable. These measures are crucial since nasal polyps are notorious for recurring. Allergen immunotherapy, although unlikely to shrink nasal polyps, may be a helpful adjunct to avoidance measures in preventing recurrence in allergic individuals.
''[[Join the campaign|https://www.facebook.com/groups/786983251448976]]''
----
!Government action
There are a number of concurrent streams: The Government's Department of Housing consultation and its Committee, Private Members Bill, the All Party Parliamentiary group and the Law Commission (advises the government)
!!Private Members
[[Justin Madders Concurrent Private Members Bill|https://services.parliament.uk/bills/2017-19/leaseholdreform.html]]
!!Ministry of Housing, Communities & Local Government
https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/ministry-of-housing-communities-and-local-government
[[Press release Dec 2017|https://www.gov.uk/government/news/crackdown-on-unfair-leasehold-practices--2]]
[[Research briefing papers|https://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/CBP-8047]]
!Housing Ministry Consultation
[[Consultation - Housing dept. not Law Commission|https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/tackling-unfair-practices-in-the-leasehold-market]]
[[List of the evidence submitted to the Consultation|https://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/housing-communities-and-local-government-committee/inquiries/parliament-2017/leasehold-reform-17-19/publications]]
''[[Implementation - contributions open till 26 Nov 2018|https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/implementing-reforms-to-the-leasehold-system]]''
!!The Housing, Communities and Local Government Select Committee
[[Home page|https://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/housing-communities-and-local-government-committee/inquiries/parliament-2017/leasehold-reform-17-19/]]
[[Roundtable - initial discussions|https://youtu.be/LHSo35yRqlw]]
[[Video recording of 1st Committee meeting 5 Nov 2018|https://goo.gl/2KA8po]]
[[19 November - Committee interviews Landlords|https://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/housing-communities-and-local-government-committee/news/freeholders-developers-evidence-session-17-19/]] and the [[transcript|http://data.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/committeeevidence.svc/evidencedocument/housing-communities-and-local-government-committee/leasehold-reform/oral/92747.html?fbclid=IwAR0c1S8PqwG9k2fgOb_ibrf7my_d9vAyLFzuh3n3Tt2EZBVObbvU0CC-CqY]]
Video - https://goo.gl/xJnv8i
------
[[Final Housing Committee Report|https://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/housing-communities-and-local-government-committee/inquiries/parliament-2017/leasehold-reform-17-19/]]
[[Summary for MPs|https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201719/cmselect/cmcomloc/1468/report-files/146810.htm#_idTextAnchor127]] and [[here|https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201719/cmselect/cmcomloc/1468/report-summary.html#heading-4]]
----
!!All Party Parliamentary Group on leasehold and commonhold reform
[[List of members|https://www.leaseholdknowledge.com/appglist]]
!Law Commission Consultations
Terms of reference - https://s3-eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/lawcom-prod-storage-11jsxou24uy7q/uploads/2018/09/PUBLISHED-Residential-leasehold-terms-of-reference-revised-180920.pdf
[[Home page|https://www.lawcom.gov.uk/project/residential-leasehold-and-commonhold/]]
[[Leasehold Enfranchisement|https://www.lawcom.gov.uk/project/leasehold-enfranchisement/]]
[[Summary of report on Valuation|https://s3-eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/lawcom-prod-storage-11jsxou24uy7q/uploads/2020/01/Enfranchisement-Valuation-Report-Summary-published-9-January-2020.pdf]]
[[Ful report on Valuation|https://s3-eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/lawcom-prod-storage-11jsxou24uy7q/uploads/2020/01/Enfranchisement-Valuation-Report-published-9-January-2020.pdf]]
!!Views on the Valuation report
https://barcode1966.com/2020/01/09/the-law-commissions-report-on-leasehold-valuation-jan-2020-the-salvation-for-leaseholders-or-a-damp-squib/
https://www.theguardian.com/money/2020/jan/09/leasehold-reform-plans-branded-nothing-more-than-tinkering-law-commission
!Human rights issues
[[1986 Case brought by Freeholders|http://www.bailii.org/eu/cases/ECHR/1986/2.html]]
[[Opinion-of-Catherine-Callaghan-QC-on-valuation-reform-FINAL.pdf|https://s3-eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/lawcom-prod-storage-11jsxou24uy7q/uploads/2020/01/Opinion-of-Catherine-Callaghan-QC-on-valuation-reform-FINAL.pdf]]
!Linked projects
https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/improving-the-home-buying-and-selling-process-call-for-evidence
!Media Contacts
calum.macdonald01@bbc.co.uk - connect with me on Facebook (facebook.com/calumam)
https://www.channel4.com/news/contact-us/investigations-team
!History of the issue
Louie Burns - https://barcode1966.com/2018/09/14/the-shameful-history-of-leasehold-reform
[[From a debate on a white paper in 1966|https://www.theyworkforyou.com/debates/?id=1966-02-28a.904.0]] -dealing with extending the Lease by 50 years and a modern ground rent!
!!England
Leasehold Reform Act 1967
Leasehold Reform Housing and Urban Development Act 1993 - right to manage
Housing Act 1996
Commonhold and Leasehold Reform Act 2002
!!Scotland
[[Report on Abolition of the Feudal System 1999 (Scot Law Com No 168)|https://www.scotlawcom.gov.uk/files/1712/8015/2730/26-07-2010_1458_725.pdf]]
[[Abolition of Feudal Tenure etc. (Scotland) Act 2000|https://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2000/5/contents]]
----
Report on Conversion of Long Leases (Scot Law Com No 204)
[[Conversion of Long Leases - Discussion Paper No 112|https://www.scotlawcom.gov.uk/download_file/view/133/]]
[[Long Leases (Scotland) Act 2012|http://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2012/9/enacted]]
!!Northern Ireland
[[Consultation Paper on Land Law NILC2 (2009)|http://www.nilawcommission.gov.uk/land-law-consultation-paper.htm]]
[[Supplementary Consultation Paper Land Law NILC3 (2010)|http://www.nilawcommission.gov.uk/supplementary-consultation-paper-land-law-nilc3_2010-2.htm]]
This Supplementary Consultation Paper discusses and clarifies the law of adverse possession which has been surrounded by controversy in recent years. It also reviews the current law of ground rents and introduces proposals for a new simpler redemption scheme. In addition, it outlines the law relating to covenants and puts forward suggestions to solve the problems surrounding covenants which survive the redemption of ground rents.
Discussion on Radio Ulster - before the report - all the good intentions not realised. - https://youtu.be/mpDY3wwNC7U
[[Report on Land Law - NILC 8 (2010)|http://www.nilawcommission.gov.uk/report_on_land_law_nilc_8__2010.htm]] - final report
[[Report on Apartments NILC 17 (2013) Published|http://www.nilawcommission.gov.uk/report_on_apartments_nilc_17__2013_published.htm]] - only a problem since 1990 as most people did not live in blocks
----
[[Freehold and leasehold]]
!!+++*[Essential Navigation Tips]
#@@color(#993333):Use the menus at the top@@ //for browsing this site only.//
#@@color(#993333):Navigate using the TagCloud.@@ A TagCloud is a kind of A-Z index of content organised by a tagging system.
#@@color(#993333):Use the ''Close others'' button@@ at the top right of every window to clear the screen of all other pages so you can focus on one article at a time. Try it!
#If you get lost, @@color(#993333):''refresh the browser''@@ or click once on the 'Home' link to go back to the beginning or use the ''Breadcrumb navigation'' trail at the top of the page.
===
@@color(#993333):''Use the search window''@@ at the top to find everything.
@@color(#993333):''Click and drag''@@ on a title to rearrange the content windows! Try it now...
Click ''TagCloud'' for an index view which you may find interesting.
----
There are a few time-saving ways of using this document collection.
{{{
To speed things up go to the options panel and uncheck the EnableAnimations box. Refresh your browser.
}}}
*The ''All'' tab <<slider fortabAll TabAll All>> is an alphabetical list of all documents.
*The ''Tags'' tab <<slider fortabTags TabTags TagsTab>> is a list of index categories where you can find groups of related articles.
*The ''Timeline'' tab <<slider forTabTimeline TabTimeline TimelineTags>>will show your own *navigation *history
----
<<search>>
A detailed TiddlyWiki help resource is [[here|TiddlyWikiHelp]]
+++*[Useful sites]
http://www.navsoon.org/viewforum.php?f=18
http://www.hotukdeals.com
===
!Specs
*Supports GDF 3.0 (Geographic Data Files)
*Uses the TurboDog map engine and interface
!!Product Features
*3.5" Colour Touchscreen
*Long-life rechargeable battery built-in
*User Friendly software and interface
*Instant route calculation - make a wrong turning, instant route re-calculation
*7 Digit Postcode Search
*Automatic calculation on driving distance and time
*Voice navigation and warning in an option of 5 Languages:- English, French, Spanish, German & Italian
*3D & 2D Mapping Options - and various route options
*Clear spoken instructions, turn by turn.
*Earphone port
*Portable unit - works just as well in you hand as in your car
!!Technical Specifications
*Centrality Altas III 372 MHZ
*Win CE.NET 5.0 Operating System
*64MB Internal Memory
*Built -in GPS high sensitivity receiver and Antenna
*Audio Jack/Earphone 3.5mm
*3.5h 65k colour TFT display touch panel
*Sirf star III built in GPS Receiver
*PC interface: USB1.1 /2.0
*SD card expansion slot
*Built-in speaker
*Built-in rechargeable Li-ion 1500 mAh battery
*Dimensions: 94mm(H)*89.5mm(V)*25mm(D)
*Weight: 170g box : 660g
*Satellite reacquisiton Time Accuracy: 100ms
*Channel: up to 20
*Position Accuracy: up to 3m possible
*Approvals: RoHS, FCC, CE
Neem oil mixes readily with shampoos, lotions or creams.
* Use 1 to 5 ml of neem oil for every 100 ml of shampoo or lotion/cream. (That's roughly half an ounce to 8 ounces).
Neem oil can also be mixed with other carrier oils, for example olive or almond oil.
* The amounts to use are the same: 2 to 5 ml of neem oil for every 100 ml of oil mixture.
* Mask the horrible neem oil smell with a few drops of essential oil, like lavender or sandalwood.
/***
|Name|NestedSlidersPlugin|
|Source|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#NestedSlidersPlugin|
|Version|2.0.3|
|Author|Eric Shulman - ELS Design Studios|
|License|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#LegalStatements <<br>>and [[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]|
|~CoreVersion|2.1|
|Type|plugin|
|Requires||
|Overrides|Slider.prototype.stop|
|Description|Make any tiddler content into an expandable 'slider' panel, without needing to create a separate tiddler to contain the slider content.|
+++!!!!![Configuration]>
Enable animation for slider panels
<<option chkFloatingSlidersAnimate>> allow sliders to animate when opening/closing
>(note: This setting is in //addition// to the general option for enabling/disabling animation effects:
><<option chkAnimate>> enable animations (entire document)
>For slider animation to occur, you must also allow animation in general.
Debugging messages for 'lazy sliders' deferred rendering:
<<option chkDebugLazySliderDefer>> show debugging alert when deferring slider rendering
<<option chkDebugLazySliderRender>> show debugging alert when deferred slider is actually rendered
===
+++!!!!![Usage]>
When installed, this plugin adds new wiki syntax for embedding 'slider' panels directly into tiddler content. Use {{{+++}}} and {{{===}}} to delimit the slider content. You can also 'nest' these sliders as deep as you like (see complex nesting example below), so that expandable 'tree-like' hierarchical displays can be created. This is most useful when converting existing in-line text content to create in-line annotations, footnotes, context-sensitive help, or other subordinate information displays.
Additional optional syntax elements let you specify
*default to open
*cookiename
*heading level
*floater (with optional CSS width value)
*mouse auto rollover
*custom class/label/tooltip/accesskey
*automatic blockquote
*deferred rendering
The complete syntax, using all options, is:
//{{{
++++(cookiename)!!!!!^width^*{{class{[label=key|tooltip]}}}>...
content goes here
===
//}}}
where:
* {{{+++}}} (or {{{++++}}}) and {{{===}}}^^
marks the start and end of the slider definition, respectively. When the extra {{{+}}} is used, the slider will be open when initially displayed.^^
* {{{(cookiename)}}}^^
saves the slider opened/closed state, and restores this state whenever the slider is re-rendered.^^
* {{{!}}} through {{{!!!!!}}}^^
displays the slider label using a formatted headline (Hn) style instead of a button/link style^^
* {{{^width^}}} (or just {{{^}}})^^
makes the slider 'float' on top of other content rather than shifting that content downward. 'width' must be a valid CSS value (e.g., "30em", "180px", "50%", etc.). If omitted, the default width is "auto" (i.e., fit to content)^^
* {{{*}}}^^
automatically opens/closes slider on "rollover" as well as when clicked^^
* {{{{{class{[label=key|tooltip]}}}}}}^^
uses custom label/tooltip/accesskey. {{{{{class{...}}}}}}, {{{=key}}} and {{{|tooltip}}} are optional. 'class' is any valid CSS class name, used to style the slider label text. 'key' must be a ''single letter only''. Default labels/tootips are: ">" (more) and "<" (less), with no default access key assignment.^^
* {{{">"}}} //(without the quotes)//^^
automatically adds blockquote formatting to slider content^^
* {{{"..."}}} //(without the quotes)//^^
defers rendering of closed sliders until the first time they are opened. //Note: deferred rendering may produce unexpected results in some cases. Use with care.//^^
//Note: to make slider definitions easier to read and recognize when editing a tiddler, newlines immediately following the {{{+++}}} 'start slider' or preceding the {{{===}}} 'end slider' sequence are automatically supressed so that excess whitespace is eliminated from the output.//
===
+++!!!!![Examples]>
simple in-line slider:
{{{
+++
content
===
}}}
+++
content
===
----
use a custom label and tooltip:
{{{
+++[label|tooltip]
content
===
}}}
+++[label|tooltip]
content
===
----
content automatically blockquoted:
{{{
+++>
content
===
}}}
+++>
content
===
----
all options combined //(default open, cookie, heading, sized floater, rollover, class, label/tooltip/key, blockquoted, deferred)//
{{{
++++(testcookie)!!!^30em^*{{big{[label=Z|click or press Alt-Z to open]}}}>...
content
===
}}}
++++(testcookie)!!!^30em^*{{big{[label=Z|click or press Alt-Z to open]}}}>...
content
===
----
complex nesting example:
{{{
+++^[get info...=I|click for information or press Alt-I]
put some general information here, plus a floating slider with more specific info:
+++^10em^[view details...|click for details]
put some detail here, which could include a rollover with a +++^25em^*[glossary definition]explaining technical terms===
===
===
}}}
+++^[get info...=I|click for information or press Alt-I]
put some general information here, plus a floating slider with more specific info:
+++^10em^[view details...|click for details]
put some detail here, which could include a rollover with a +++^25em^*[glossary definition]explaining technical terms===
===
===
===
!!!!!Installation
<<<
import (or copy/paste) the following tiddlers into your document:
''NestedSlidersPlugin'' (tagged with <<tag systemConfig>>)
<<<
!!!!!Revision History
<<<
''2007.03.30 - 2.0.3'' added chkFloatingSlidersAnimate (default to FALSE), so that slider animation can be disabled independent of the overall document animation setting (avoids strange rendering and focus problems in floating panels)
''2007.03.01 - 2.0.2'' for TW2.2+, hijack Morpher.prototype.stop so that "overflow:hidden" can be reset to "overflow:visible" after animation ends
''2007.03.01 - 2.0.1'' in hijack for Slider.prototype.stop, use apply() to pass params to core function
|please see [[NestedSlidersPluginHistory]] for additional revision details|
''2005.11.03 - 1.0.0'' initial public release
<<<
!!!!!Credits
<<<
This feature was implemented by EricShulman from [[ELS Design Studios|http:/www.elsdesign.com]] with initial research and suggestions from RodneyGomes, GeoffSlocock, and PaulPetterson.
<<<
!!!!!Code
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.nestedSliders = {major: 2, minor: 0, revision: 3, date: new Date(2007,3,30)};
//}}}
//{{{
// options for deferred rendering of sliders that are not initially displayed
if (config.options.chkDebugLazySliderDefer==undefined) config.options.chkDebugLazySliderDefer=false;
if (config.options.chkDebugLazySliderRender==undefined) config.options.chkDebugLazySliderRender=false;
if (config.options.chkFloatingSlidersAnimate==undefined) config.options.chkFloatingSlidersAnimate=false;
// default styles for 'floating' class
setStylesheet(".floatingPanel { position:absolute; z-index:10; padding:0.5em; margin:0em; \
background-color:#eee; color:#000; border:1px solid #000; text-align:left; }","floatingPanelStylesheet");
//}}}
//{{{
config.formatters.push( {
name: "nestedSliders",
match: "\\n?\\+{3}",
terminator: "\\s*\\={3}\\n?",
lookahead: "\\n?\\+{3}(\\+)?(\\([^\\)]*\\))?(\\!*)?(\\^(?:[^\\^\\*\\[\\>]*\\^)?)?(\\*)?(?:\\{\\{([\\w]+[\\s\\w]*)\\{)?(\\[[^\\]]*\\])?(?:\\}{3})?(\\>)?(\\.\\.\\.)?\\s*",
handler: function(w)
{
// defopen=lookaheadMatch[1]
// cookiename=lookaheadMatch[2]
// header=lookaheadMatch[3]
// panelwidth=lookaheadMatch[4]
// rollover=lookaheadMatch[5]
// class=lookaheadMatch[6]
// label=lookaheadMatch[7]
// blockquote=lookaheadMatch[8]
// deferred=lookaheadMatch[9]
lookaheadRegExp = new RegExp(this.lookahead,"mg");
lookaheadRegExp.lastIndex = w.matchStart;
var lookaheadMatch = lookaheadRegExp.exec(w.source)
if(lookaheadMatch && lookaheadMatch.index == w.matchStart)
{
// location for rendering button and panel
var place=w.output;
// default to closed, no cookie, no accesskey
var show="none"; var title=">"; var tooltip="show"; var cookie=""; var key="";
// extra "+", default to open
if (lookaheadMatch[1])
{ show="block"; title="<"; tooltip="hide"; }
// cookie, use saved open/closed state
if (lookaheadMatch[2]) {
cookie=lookaheadMatch[2].trim().slice(1,-1);
cookie="chkSlider"+cookie;
if (config.options[cookie]==undefined)
{ config.options[cookie] = (show=="block") }
if (config.options[cookie])
{ show="block"; title="<"; tooltip="hide"; }
else
{ show="none"; title=">"; tooltip="show"; }
}
// parse custom label/tooltip/accesskey: [label=X|tooltip]
if (lookaheadMatch[7]) {
title = lookaheadMatch[7].trim().slice(1,-1);
var pos=title.indexOf("|");
if (pos!=-1) { tooltip = title.substr(pos+1,title.length); title=title.substr(0,pos); }
if (title.substr(title.length-2,1)=="=") { key=title.substr(title.length-1,1); title=title.slice(0,-2); }
if (pos==-1) tooltip += " "+title; // default tooltip: "show/hide <title>"
}
// create the button
if (lookaheadMatch[3]) { // use "Hn" header format instead of button/link
var lvl=(lookaheadMatch[3].length>6)?6:lookaheadMatch[3].length;
var btn = createTiddlyElement(createTiddlyElement(place,"h"+lvl,null,null,null),"a",null,lookaheadMatch[6],title);
btn.onclick=onClickNestedSlider;
btn.setAttribute("href","javascript:;");
btn.setAttribute("title",tooltip);
}
else
var btn = createTiddlyButton(place,title,tooltip,onClickNestedSlider,lookaheadMatch[6]);
// set extra button attributes
btn.sliderCookie = cookie; // save the cookiename (if any) in the button object
btn.defOpen=lookaheadMatch[1]!=null; // save default open/closed state (boolean)
btn.keyparam=key; // save the access key letter ("" if none)
if (key.length) {
btn.setAttribute("accessKey",key); // init access key
btn.onfocus=function(){this.setAttribute("accessKey",this.keyparam);}; // **reclaim** access key on focus
}
// "non-click" MouseOver open/close slider
if (lookaheadMatch[5]) btn.onmouseover=onClickNestedSlider;
// create slider panel
var panelClass=lookaheadMatch[4]?"floatingPanel":"sliderPanel";
var panel=createTiddlyElement(place,"div",null,panelClass,null);
panel.button = btn; // so the slider panel know which button it belongs to
panel.defaultPanelWidth=(lookaheadMatch[4] && lookaheadMatch[4].length>2)?lookaheadMatch[4].slice(1,-1):""; // save requested panel size
btn.sliderPanel=panel;
panel.style.display = show;
panel.style.width=panel.defaultPanelWidth;
// render slider (or defer until shown)
w.nextMatch = lookaheadMatch.index + lookaheadMatch[0].length;
if ((show=="block")||!lookaheadMatch[9]) {
// render now if panel is supposed to be shown or NOT deferred rendering
w.subWikify(lookaheadMatch[8]?createTiddlyElement(panel,"blockquote"):panel,this.terminator);
// align slider/floater position with button
window.adjustSliderPos(place,btn,panel,panelClass);
}
else {
var src = w.source.substr(w.nextMatch);
var endpos=findMatchingDelimiter(src,"+++","===");
panel.setAttribute("raw",src.substr(0,endpos));
panel.setAttribute("blockquote",lookaheadMatch[8]?"true":"false");
panel.setAttribute("rendered","false");
w.nextMatch += endpos+3;
if (w.source.substr(w.nextMatch,1)=="\n") w.nextMatch++;
if (config.options.chkDebugLazySliderDefer) alert("deferred '"+title+"':\n\n"+panel.getAttribute("raw"));
}
}
}
}
)
// TBD: ignore 'quoted' delimiters (e.g., "{{{+++foo===}}}" isn't really a slider)
function findMatchingDelimiter(src,starttext,endtext) {
var startpos = 0;
var endpos = src.indexOf(endtext);
// check for nested delimiters
while (src.substring(startpos,endpos-1).indexOf(starttext)!=-1) {
// count number of nested 'starts'
var startcount=0;
var temp = src.substring(startpos,endpos-1);
var pos=temp.indexOf(starttext);
while (pos!=-1) { startcount++; pos=temp.indexOf(starttext,pos+starttext.length); }
// set up to check for additional 'starts' after adjusting endpos
startpos=endpos+endtext.length;
// find endpos for corresponding number of matching 'ends'
while (startcount && endpos!=-1) {
endpos = src.indexOf(endtext,endpos+endtext.length);
startcount--;
}
}
return (endpos==-1)?src.length:endpos;
}
//}}}
//{{{
window.onClickNestedSlider=function(e)
{
if (!e) var e = window.event;
var theTarget = resolveTarget(e);
var theLabel = theTarget.firstChild.data;
var theSlider = theTarget.sliderPanel
var isOpen = theSlider.style.display!="none";
// if using default button labels, toggle labels
if (theLabel==">") theTarget.firstChild.data = "<";
else if (theLabel=="<") theTarget.firstChild.data = ">";
// if using default tooltips, toggle tooltips
if (theTarget.getAttribute("title")=="show")
theTarget.setAttribute("title","hide");
else if (theTarget.getAttribute("title")=="hide")
theTarget.setAttribute("title","show");
if (theTarget.getAttribute("title")=="show "+theLabel)
theTarget.setAttribute("title","hide "+theLabel);
else if (theTarget.getAttribute("title")=="hide "+theLabel)
theTarget.setAttribute("title","show "+theLabel);
// deferred rendering (if needed)
if (theSlider.getAttribute("rendered")=="false") {
if (config.options.chkDebugLazySliderRender)
alert("rendering '"+theLabel+"':\n\n"+theSlider.getAttribute("raw"));
var place=theSlider;
if (theSlider.getAttribute("blockquote")=="true")
place=createTiddlyElement(place,"blockquote");
wikify(theSlider.getAttribute("raw"),place);
theSlider.setAttribute("rendered","true");
}
// show/hide the slider
if(config.options.chkAnimate && (theSlider.className!='floatingPanel' || config.options.chkFloatingSlidersAnimate))
anim.startAnimating(new Slider(theSlider,!isOpen,e.shiftKey || e.altKey,"none"));
else
theSlider.style.display = isOpen ? "none" : "block";
// reset to default width (might have been changed via plugin code)
theSlider.style.width=theSlider.defaultPanelWidth;
// align slider/floater position with target button
if (!isOpen) window.adjustSliderPos(theSlider.parentNode,theTarget,theSlider,theSlider.className);
// if showing panel, set focus to first 'focus-able' element in panel
if (theSlider.style.display!="none") {
var ctrls=theSlider.getElementsByTagName("*");
for (var c=0; c<ctrls.length; c++) {
var t=ctrls[c].tagName.toLowerCase();
if ((t=="input" && ctrls[c].type!="hidden") || t=="textarea" || t=="select")
{ ctrls[c].focus(); break; }
}
}
if (this.sliderCookie && this.sliderCookie.length) {
config.options[this.sliderCookie]=!isOpen;
if (config.options[this.sliderCookie]!=this.defOpen)
saveOptionCookie(this.sliderCookie);
else { // remove cookie if slider is in default display state
var ex=new Date(); ex.setTime(ex.getTime()-1000);
document.cookie = this.sliderCookie+"=novalue; path=/; expires="+ex.toGMTString();
}
}
return false;
}
// TW2.1 and earlier:
// hijack Slider animation handler 'stop' handler so overflow is visible after animation has completed
Slider.prototype.coreStop = Slider.prototype.stop;
Slider.prototype.stop = function()
{ this.coreStop.apply(this,arguments); this.element.style.overflow = "visible"; }
// TW2.2+
// hijack Morpher animation handler 'stop' handler so overflow is visible after animation has completed
if (version.major+.1*version.minor+.01*version.revision>=2.2) {
Morpher.prototype.coreStop = Morpher.prototype.stop;
Morpher.prototype.stop = function()
{ this.coreStop.apply(this,arguments); this.element.style.overflow = "visible"; }
}
// adjust panel position based on button position
if (window.adjustSliderPos==undefined) window.adjustSliderPos=function(place,btn,panel,panelClass) {
if (panelClass=="floatingPanel") {
var left=0;
var top=btn.offsetHeight;
if (place.style.position!="relative") {
var left=findPosX(btn);
var top=findPosY(btn)+btn.offsetHeight;
var p=place; while (p && p.className!='floatingPanel') p=p.parentNode;
if (p) { left-=findPosX(p); top-=findPosY(p); }
}
if (left+panel.offsetWidth > getWindowWidth()) left=getWindowWidth()-panel.offsetWidth-15;
panel.style.left=left+"px"; panel.style.top=top+"px";
}
}
function getWindowWidth() {
if(document.width!=undefined)
return document.width; // moz (FF)
if(document.documentElement && ( document.documentElement.clientWidth || document.documentElement.clientHeight ) )
return document.documentElement.clientWidth; // IE6
if(document.body && ( document.body.clientWidth || document.body.clientHeight ) )
return document.body.clientWidth; // IE4
if(window.innerWidth!=undefined)
return window.innerWidth; // IE - general
return 0; // unknown
}
//}}}
/***
''Name:'' Weblog
''Version:'' 1.2.0
''Location:'' http://checkettsweb.com/styles/themes.htm#WeblogPlugin
''Author:'' Clint Checketts
''Description:'' Posts the most recently edited tiddlers when the TiddlyWiki is opened, similar to a blog.
''Syntax:'' Change the daysOrPosts and numOfDaysOrPosts variables in the code section.
Examples:
{{{
var daysOrPosts = "days";
var numOfDaysOrPosts = "2";
}}}
will display the defaultTiddlers then all the tiddlers from the 2 most recent days, except those tagged as SystemTiddlers.
{{{
var daysOrPosts = "posts";
var numOfDaysOrPosts = "15";
}}}
will display the defaultTiddlers then the 15 most recent posts, except those tagged as SystemTiddlers.
''Directions:'' Copy this tiddler and tag it as systemConfig. Next, change the daysOrPosts and numOfDaysOrPosts variable to your liking in the 'Settings section'
''Know Issues:'' If a defaultTiddlers references a tiddler that has recently been referenced it will appear in the chronological order rather than at the top of the page. Also, if you are inserting the 15 most recent posts and default tiddlers new enough they too will be part of that count. If there is not text in the default tiddler, the weblog plugin isn't run.
''Revision History:''
v0.1.0 (03 Aug 2005): initial release
v0.1.2 (03 Aug 2005): fixed 'day' sorting order and permalink breakage
v0.1.3 (10 Aug 2005): fixed error for when the numOfDaysOrPosts is greater than number of tiddlers.
v1.1.0 (25 Jan 2005): updated to be compatible with TiddlyWiki 2.0
v1.2.0 (26 Jan 2005): enabled displaying of tiddlers by date created in addition to date modified
!Settings section: (edit these)
***/
//{{{
var daysOrPosts = "posts";
var numOfDaysOrPosts = "1";
var modifiedOrCreate = "modified"
//}}}
/***
!Code section:
***/
//{{{
//modified is the other option
// // We don't want to show tiddlers tagged as systemTiddlers etc. (this doesn't work yet...)
var ignoreTags = ("systemTiddlers","systemConfig","weblogIgnore");
Story.prototype.displayTiddlers_original_TiddlyBlog = Story.prototype.displayTiddlers;
Story.prototype.displayTiddlers = function(src,titles,state,highlightText,highlightCaseSensitive,animate,slowly) {
// if using the addressbar to select tiddlers return
if(window.location.hash) daysOrPosts = "";
if(daysOrPosts == "posts"){
//lookup the last few posts
var tiddlerNames = store.reverseLookup("tags","systemTiddlers",false,modifiedOrCreate);
//Just display all tiddlers if there aren't enough
if(tiddlerNames.length-numOfDaysOrPosts<0) numOfDaysOrPosts = tiddlerNames.length;
for(var t = tiddlerNames.length-numOfDaysOrPosts;t<=tiddlerNames.length-1;t++)
displayTiddler(src,tiddlerNames[t].title,state,highlightText,highlightCaseSensitive,animate,slowly);
}
if (daysOrPosts == "days"){
var lastDay = "";
var tiddlerNames = store.reverseLookup("tags","systemTiddlers",false,modifiedOrCreate);
var t = tiddlerNames.length -1;
var tFollower = 0;
for(t;t>=0;t--) if(numOfDaysOrPosts >= 0){
var theDay = tiddlerNames[t].modified.convertToYYYYMMDDHHMM().substr(0,8);
if(theDay != lastDay){
numOfDaysOrPosts = numOfDaysOrPosts -1;
lastDay = theDay;
tFollower = t;
}
}
for(tFollower = tFollower+1; tFollower < tiddlerNames.length;tFollower++){
displayTiddler(src,tiddlerNames[tFollower].title,state,highlightText,highlightCaseSensitive,animate,slowly);
}
}
// call the original displayTiddlers function
this.displayTiddlers_original_TiddlyBlog(src,titles,state,highlightText,highlightCaseSensitive,animate,slowly);
}
//}}}
/***
| Name:|NewHerePlugin|
| Description:|Creates the new here and new journal macros|
| Version:|3.0 ($Rev: 1845 $)|
| Date:|$Date: 2007-03-16 15:19:22 +1000 (Fri, 16 Mar 2007) $|
| Source:|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#NewHerePlugin|
| Author:|Simon Baird <simon.baird@gmail.com>|
| License|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#TheBSDLicense|
***/
//{{{
merge(config.macros, {
newHere: {
handler: function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
wikify("<<newTiddler "+paramString+" tag:[["+tiddler.title+"]]>>",place,null,tiddler);
}
},
newJournalHere: {
handler: function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
wikify("<<newJournal "+paramString+" tag:[["+tiddler.title+"]]>>",place,null,tiddler);
}
}
});
//}}}
!Walkergate Councillors
[[Councillors|http://www.newcastle.gov.uk/your-council-and-democracy/councillors-and-democracy/councillors]]
!!Walkergate
david.denholm@newcastle.gov.uk
----
Councillor David Denholm - Labour
3rd Thursday of each month
Ray Gray Community Centre, Stotts Road
10am - 11am
1st Tuesday of each month
Walkerville Community Association, Pinewood Close
10am - 11am
----
maureen.lowson@newcastle.gov.uk
stephen.wood@newcastle.gov.uk
!Issues
[[Bulky waste collection costs]]
[[Freehold and leasehold]]
!BBC Complaints
http://www.bbc.co.uk/complaints/
!!BBC Forums and Feedback
[[Newswatch|http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/default.stm]]
[[Have your say|http://newsforums.bbc.co.uk/]]
!Channel 4 correspondents
James Reynolds Haifa
Mark Urban - Diplomatic Editor
----
[[Letters to the Press]]
!Latest
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/
!NewsFeeds
----
+++^[National News]
http://europe.cnn.com/
----
http://news.bbc.co.uk/
https://twitter.com/BBCBreaking?lang=en
https://www.facebook.com/bbcnews/
https://twitter.com/BBCNewsnight
https://www.facebook.com/bbcnewsnight/
http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/
----
http://www.channel4.com/news/about_us/meet-the-team/
mailto:news@channel4.com
----
http://news.sky.com/skynews/
----
https://www.facebook.com/pestonitv/
https://twitter.com/Peston
----
http://news.google.co.uk/
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/
http://www.economist.com/
http://www.express.co.uk/
http://www.ft.com/
http://www.guardian.co.uk/ and https://www.facebook.com/theguardian/ and https://twitter.com/guardian?lang=en
http://www.independent.co.uk/
http://www.itn.co.uk/
http://www.megastar.co.uk
http://www.metro.co.uk/
http://www.mirror.co.uk/
http://www.morningstaronline.co.uk/
http://www.newsnow.co.uk/
http://www.newsoftheworld.co.uk/
http://uk.reuters.com/
http://www.sky.com/news/
http://www.telegraph.co.uk and https://www.facebook.com/TELEGRAPH.CO.UK/ and https://twitter.com/telegraph?lang=en
http://www.thesun.co.uk/
http://www.timesonline.co.uk/
----
http://www.sundaymail.co.uk/
http://www.observer.co.uk/
http://www.sundaymirror.co.uk/
http://www.sunday-times.co.uk
----
http://www.thes.co.uk/
http://www.thestage.co.uk/
http://www.the-tls.co.uk/
http://www.newstatesman.co.uk
http://www.spectator.co.uk/
----
http://www.channel4.com/news/
http://www.channel5.com/shows/5-news-2
----
http://www.theonion.com/
http://www.private-eye.co.uk/
http://www.newscientist.com/news/
http://www.nature.com/
http://www.sciencedaily.com/
http://www.pa.press.net/
----
http://news.sky.com/skynews/Weather
http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/
----
http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/
http://www.newseum.org/todaysfrontpages/default.asp (great for teaching)
http://www.onlinenewspapers.com/
http://www.mediauk.com/
http://findarticles.com/
===
+++[Local newspapers]
http://edinburghnews.scotsman.com/
http://iccoventry.icnetwork.co.uk/
http://icliverpool.icnetwork.co.uk/
http://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/
http://news.stv.tv/
http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/
http://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/
http://www.eveningtimes.co.uk/
http://www.irishnews.com/
http://www.leedstoday.net/
http://www.leicestermercury.co.uk/
http://www.manchesteronline.co.uk/
http://www.newsletter.co.uk/
http://www.newswales.co.uk/
http://www.record-mail.co.uk/
http://www.scotlandonsunday.com
http://www.SheffieldToday.net
http://www.shropshirestar.com/
http://www.southwalesargus.co.uk/
http://www.thecourier.co.uk/
http://www.theherald.co.uk/
http://www.thescotsman.co.uk/
http://www.thesentinel.co.uk/
http://www.thisisderbyshire.co.uk/
http://www.thisishull.co.uk/
http://www.thisisnorthscotland.co.uk/
http://www.thisisnottingham.co.uk/
http://www.thisissouthwales.co.uk/
http://www.walesonline.co.uk/
http://www.westmidlands.com/
===
+++[Research]
[[Reference Shelf]]
http://www.time.com/time/magazine
http://life.time.com/
http://www.thisdayonline.com/
http://www.findarticles.com/
http://www.scribd.com/about
http://www.movietone.com/
http://wn.com/
http://www.articlesbase.com
----
http://uk.reuters.com/
----
===
+++[Humour]
http://www.thepoke.co.uk
http://www.private-eye.co.uk/
===
+++^[European Union]
http://www.eurosource.eu.com/
===
+++^[UK Politics]
http://www.epolitix.com/EN/
http://www.parliament.uk/index.cfm
http://www.theyworkforyou.com/
===
+++[Alternative]
http://www.pressdisplay.com/pressdisplay/viewer.aspx
http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/
http://www.feedfire.com/site/rss.cgi?ChanContentId=001864
===
+++[Freedom]
||http://www.indexonline.org/|
||http://rights.amnesty.org/|
|Information commision|http://www.ico.gov.uk|
===
+++[Web sites with video]
http://www.pbs.org/
http://www.thenewsroom.com
===
+++[Photos]
http://digitalgallery.nypl.org/
* Newcastle Library foto collection of Newcastle - http://www.flickr.com/photos/newcastlelibraries/collections/72157622600850187/
===
+++[Trade Unions]
http://www.iuf.org/buyoutwatch/ - on Private Equity
===
!News aggregates
http://www.legalfutures.co.uk
https://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/
!Consumer
[[You and Yours|http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b006qps9]]
!Track what your government is up to
http://nds.coi.gov.uk/ (The government's news distribution service)
http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/opensecrets/
http://www.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/publicationscheme/ - Cabinet Office Publication Scheme
http://www.parliament.uk/parli.....papers.cfm
http://www.publicwhip.org.uk/ (Voting records of MP's in Parliament)
http://www.statewatch.org
http://www.theyworkforyou.com/
http://www.whatdotheyknow.com/list
----
!Comment and speak to the PM
http://www.number10.gov.uk/output/Page3.asp
+++[UK Newsfeeds]
<html><body>
<iframe id="newsblock" style="border-style: none;border-width: 0;border-color: #FFFFFF;background-color: #FFFFFF;width: 200px;height: 600px;" src="http://www.poweringnews.com/newsframe.aspx?feedurl=http%3A//www.guardian.co.uk/rss&maxitems=-1&showfeedtitle=0&showtitle=1&showdate=1&showsummary=0&showauthor=0&showactionsbox=0&showrsslink=0&showcopyright=1&opennewwindow=0&inheritstyles=0&bgcolor=%23FFFFFF&titlefontsize=10&summaryfontsize=10&fontfamily=Arial%2CHelvetica&titlecolor=%230000CC&summarycolor=%23000000&sepstyle=none&sepcolor=%23A0A0A0&objectid=newsblock19379085" frameborder="0"></iframe>
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===
!Newcastle News
http://icnewcastle.icnetwork.co.uk/
+++[Chronicle Live]
<<rssReader asText http://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/north-east-news/rss.xml>>
===
http://www.newcastle.gov.uk/life.nsf/issues
!Politics
+++[BBC UK]
<<rssReader asHtml http://newsrss.bbc.co.uk/rss/newsonline_world_edition/uk_news/rss.xml>>
===
+++[BBC World]
<<rssReader asHtml http://newsrss.bbc.co.uk/rss/newsonline_uk_edition/world/rss.xml>>
===
+++[Middle East]]
<<rssReader asHtml http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/proxy.php?url=http://rss.news.yahoo.com/rss/mideast>>
===
+++[La Repubblica]
<<rssReader asHtml http://www.repubblica.it/rss/homepage/rss2.0.xml>>
===
!Newsfeeeds from and about the North East of England
+++[Journal News]
<<rssReader asHtml http://www.journallive.co.uk/north-east-news/todays-news/rss.xml>>
===
+++[Journal Culture]
<<rssReader asText http://www.journallive.co.uk/culture-newcastle/rss.xml>>
===
+++[Journal World]
<<rssReader asHtml http://www.journallive.co.uk/north-east-news/uk-news-world/rss.xml>>
===
!Culture
+++[Guardian Film News]
<<rssReader asHtml http://www.guardian.co.uk/rssfeed/0,,16,00.xml>>
===
+++[Guardian Media]
<<rssReader asHtml http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/rss>>
===
+++[BBC Entertainment News]
<<rssReader asHtml http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/proxy.php?url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/rss/newsonline_world_edition/entertainment/rss.xml#>>
===
+++[Independent]
<<rssReader asHtml http://arts.independent.co.uk/film/index.jsp?service=rss>>
===
!World views
+++[France 24 latest]
<<rssReader asHtml http://www.france24.com/en/france/rss>>
===
+++[Buzz words]
Highbrow, lowbrow, left wing, right wing, centre-left, cutting-edge, correspondent, gutter-press, tabloid, broadsheet, hack, Fleet Street, Newspeak: a language designed to diminish the range of thought, in the novel 1984 (1949) by George Orwell] (1950) : propagandistic language marked by euphemism, circumlocution, and the inversion of customary meanings
===
+++[Quotes]
Discuss the implications of the following quotations.
Give some examples that support or disprove the opinion.
Early in life I had noticed that no event is ever correctly reported in a newspaper.
George Orwell
The advertisements are the most truthful part of a newspaper.
Thomas Jefferson
I read the newspapers avidly. It is my one form of continuous fiction.
Aneurin Bevan
Journalists say a thing they know isn't true, in the hope that if they keep on saying it long enough it will be true.
Arnold Bennett
Reporters thrive on the world's misfortune. For this reason they often take an indecent pleasure in events that dismay the rest of humanity.
Russell Baker
===
+++[Social and Political bias]
The Times is read by people who run the country
The Mirror is read by the people who think they run the country
The Guardian is read by people who think they ought to run the country
The Daily Mail is read by the wives of the people who run the country
The Daily Express is read by the people who think the country ought to be run as it used to be
The Telegraph is read by the people who think it still is
The Sun is read by the people who don't care who runs the country - as long as she's got big boobs
The Independent is read .....?
!!Exercise 1
Make 2 columns with Left and Right headings. Add newspapers to the appropriate column according to their perceived political bias.
===
+++[Research]
The political bias of a newspaper is most strongly noticed in "comment" articles or the "Leader" or in the Letters page.
*Find examples that illustrate each newspaper's political bias.
**Analyse the subject and language content to explain your choices.
**Write a similar piece of writing in one of the biased styles
===
+++[Headlines]
Writing the Headlines for articles is a special skill and is done by sub-editors.
British and American newspaper headlines are often extremely hard to understand. Sometimes, of course, this is simply because one doesn’t know enough about what has been going on in the country recently. Obviously, you can’t understand a headline like ‘smith does it again !’ if you have no idea who Smith is, or what he did the first time.
In many cases, however, the problem is a different one: it is that newspaper headlines arc written in a special kind of language, almost like a secret code, with its own vocabulary and grammar.
Vocabulary.
Headlines often contain relatively unusual words which are chosen cither because they arc short (for example, ‘gems’, meaning ‘jewels’; ‘bid’, in the sense of ‘attempt’), or because they are vivid and dramatic (like ‘blaze’, which is often used instead of’fire’).
Grammar.
Newspaper headlines also have a special grammar, which is different from that of ordinary sentences. The main features of this grammar are:
omission of articles and the verb ‘to be’
a special tense system
the very frequent use of nouns as adjectives.
----
The following explanations and exercises will help you to deal with these constructions.
----
!!Omission of articles and the verb ‘to be’
Here are a few examples. The first three are translated into ordinary language; try to translate the others yourself.
ROYAL DOG ILL
One of the Queen’s dogs is ill.
MOON AMERICAN, SAYS US SENATOR
A United States senator says that the moon is American.
OPPOSITION CLAIM GOVERNMENT RESPONSIBLE FOR CRISIS
The opposition claim that the government is responsible for the crisis.
DOG WORSE : ROYAL DOCTOR READY TO OPERATE
?
SHAKESPEARE PLAY DISGUSTING, SAYS EDUCATION COMMITTEE CHAIRMAN
?
BRITISH WOMEN MOST BEAUTIFUL IN WORLD, ACCORDING TO MANCHESTER PROFESSOR
?
===
+++[Tenses]
Newspaper headlines use a very simplified tense system.
It is unusual to find complex verb forms such as ‘is staying’ or ‘has reached’; generally the simple present form (‘stays’, ‘reaches’) is used, whether the headline is about something that has happened, something that is happening, or something that happens repeatedly. Look at the following examples, and try to put them into normal English:
<<<
CHINA LAUNCHES SPACE SATELLITE
STUDENTS FIGHT FOR COURSE CHANGES
FAT BABIES CRY LESS, SAYS DOCTOR
<<<
Sometimes the present progressive tense is used (particularly to describe something that is developing), but the auxiliary verb ‘to be’ is left out. Try to rewrite these examples:
<<<
BRITAIN HEADING FOR NEW CRISIS
WORLD GETTING COLDER, SAY RESEARCHERS
<<<
To refer to the future, headlines usually use the infinitive:
<<<
QUEEN TO VISIT BAFFINLAND
BRITAIN TO SPEND MORE ON CANCER RESEARCH
<<<
Finally, passive sentences are constructed with no auxiliary verbs -just the past participle. So instead of saying, for example, ‘A man is being held by the police’, the headline would probably say ‘man held by police’. Headlines like this are easy to misunderstand, if you are not careful. For instance, ‘black teenagers attacked in race riot’ means that the black teenagers were attacked, not that they attacked somebody else. If the black teenagers did the attacking, the headline would use the present tense (‘ black teenagers attack’).
!!Try to rewrite the following headlines in ordinary English:
<<<
NUDE BATHERS PAINTED ON BEACH
POLICEMAN KILLED IN PUB FIGHT
LOST CAT RETURNED TO DUCHESS
<<<
===
+++[Use of nouns as adjectives]
Even in ordinary English, it is very common to put nouns before other nouns, as if they were adjectives. For example, a rise in prices can be called a price rise; the leg of a table can be called a table leg.
In newspaper headlines, this often goes to an extreme. Three, four, or even five nouns may be put together into a sort of block, with all the nouns except the last acting as adjectives. Imagine, for instance, that there is a research station in the Welsh mountains trying to develop a waterproof sheep, and that one of the staff turns out to be a spy working for a foreign power. The headline reporting this might compress the essential information into a block of five nouns:
SHEEP RESEARCH STATION SPY DRAMA
----
Generally, the easiest way to understand headlines like this is to start at the end and read them backwards: 'bread price rise shock' refers to (i) the shock caused by (2) a rise in (3) the price of (4) bread. Try to rewrite the following examples in ordinary language:
<<<
SPACE RESEARCH TALKS PROPOSAL
CAR INDUSTRY UNEMPLOYMENT THREAT
LIVERPOOL SUPERMARKET BOMB SCARE
<<<
!!Exercise
Here are some more headlines. Try to rewrite them in ordinary language.
<<<
CHRIS CASTS SPELL ON JUDGES
TOXIC DUMPER GETS HEAVY FINE
CAR YOBS DANGER GAME
BEER CHEER
CITY’S DEAD RISE FROM THE SNOW
TEACHER JOBS FACE THE AXE
PIANO FACTORY PAY CUT RIOT DEATH DRAMA
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY CASINO PLAN: NEW MOVE
<<<
===
The Observer | Review | Gerlad Henneman
Gerlad Henneman
Aged 21, the former farm boy served in a five-man crew in the US amphibious fleet that invaded Omaha beach. He had arrived in Cardiff from New York on 6 April, and rehearsed the invasion in the Firth of Clyde, Weymouth and Plymouth. Henneman's task was to let down the ramp on his landing craft and make sure its sand traps did not overheat. After the war he worked on a farm and in a factory. Now 81, he lives in Mondovi, Wisconsin. He is married and has six children, 13 grandchildren and two great-grandchildren.
David Smith
Sunday May 9, 2004
The Observer
There is no retreat once you start an invasion: you hit the beach and you go in. The worst part of the battle was just before we landed. The first wave only got within 300 or 400 feet of the beach. Some men just plain drowned because they had got dropped into the sea.
I was in the fifth wave and we were trying to find a place to hit Omaha beach. We had to wait for an hour before the tide came in enough.
Our job was to get the soldiers on to the beach and then go back. But when we hit the beach our vehicle got stranded in the water. Fortunately the larger vehicles were directing fire away from our 36ft-boat.
We had to run in water up to about our knees and hope and pray we didn't step on a mine. I was worn out because I'd been in the water already trying to get help and I was waterlogged. We had impregnated uniforms, ammunition belts and rifles weighing us down. We ran for a foxhole dug out of the sand, which was big enough for five.
Halfway there I had to rest. I remember lying down right beside a soldier. He looked like he'd come in with the tide, drowned. I was 21 but he was even younger. He looked 17. I remember putting my hand on his face. He was ice cold. If there had been any life in him I'd have tried to save him.
I got to the foxhole and the coxswain said: 'We're all going to get killed!' Another man said: 'Don't worry, we'll get out of here.' I prayed to myself hard. I said, if I ever get out of this alive I'll go home and have a family and take them to church every Sunday. It's a promise I have been able to keep.
We were on the beach for at least an hour. There were big guns pointed to our left and right. I could see a helmet moving as a German ran back and forth in his trench. I picked up my rifle, took my best shot and didn't see the helmet after that. It was a little further than I was used to on the rifle range back home, but it must have scared him.
At last we ran down the beach, keeping our heads down, and reached another landing craft. It had been hit and there was water pouring in so I crammed two lifejackets into the gap but it was still taking in water. We got filled up to the gunwales. When everything was at the worst a miracle happened. There was another barge, and they pulled us up and took us back to the mother ship. I lay on the top deck and water ran out of me like a sponge.
They put us in a hospital ward with the wounded even though we hadn't been hurt and shouldn't have been there. They took off all our clothes, and I remember I had a little Bible in my pocket. Because we were in the ward, the navy sent a telegraph to our parents and wives saying: 'Missing in action, extent of wound unavailable.' You can imagine how awful that was for them. Later we got recommended for the Purple Heart. I've since wondered whether it was because we were on that list.
I'll be spending the 60th anniversary at home because my wife and I have health problems. I have never been back to Normandy. What makes me feel the worst is the thought of those who didn't make it. Two years ago I lost a leg after complications from a heart attack. I could have lost one when I was 21, so I'm pretty lucky.'
Source: http://observer.guardian.co.uk/review/story/0,6903,1212300,00.html
The Observer | Review | Desire Dajon-Lamare
Most civilians in Ouistreham had been evacuated in the weeks leading up to D-Day. But 12-year-old Désiré - whose teenage brother had been deported to a labour camp and whose father was away on Resistance duties - remained in the Normandy port with his mother and grandmother. Now 72, he lives in his childhood home, about 500 metres from Riva-Bella beach where the 4th Franco-British Commando landed. After the war he married Janine and became a plumber and heating installer. The couple have a son and a daughter and two grandchildren.
Alex Duval Smith
Sunday May 9, 2004
The Observer
The bombing had intensified in the weeks leading up to the landings. Our roof was damaged and our windows were blown out. The night before D-Day we were in the cellar but, of course, we had no idea we were about to be liberated. The house was shaking so badly that we thought everything was going to collapse. With my mother and grandmother, I crept out to the compost heap.
We all had kitchen gardens, with rabbits and hens. One of my jobs was to cut grass and feed it to the rabbits. Another job was picking Colorado beetles out of the German officers' potatoes. In return, they fed us. The Germans had arrived on 19 June 1940. The schools stayed open until December 1943 - we wrote poems to Marshal Pétain. I was also a server for the local priest. All boys were servers or choristers then. But being a server meant I had to do funerals all the time and often the coffins were those of children my size.
It must have been about 7.30am and the bombs and shells were raining down and we were huddled by the compost. A neighbour came looking for us and told my mother: 'Marie, this is going to be a long raid. I know a shelter.' We followed him to a garden shed that belonged to the house opposite. There were other people in there. Moments after we had got into the shed, there was an explosion and a piece of shrapnel cut into my left thigh. Later, we saw the compost heap had been completely flattened.
After about an hour's shelling, there was a lull. One of the men with us, Ernest Villaudière, put a pillow on his head and ventured out for news. We could hear exchanges of fire about 300 metres away at the casino. When Mr Villaudière returned he had cigarettes. He told us he had met some British soldiers and that we had been liberated. From that moment on, it was just euphoria.
A British soldier treated my shrapnel wound. Another gave me a pair of boxing gloves that had been the lucky charm in his tank. I still have them, as well as two British penknives, several badges and insignia. I spent all my time with the British troops and my mother did their laundry. They gave us tins of corned beef. We gave them cider. My mother also tended the temporary grave on the beach of a British soldier: I remember the wooden cross and the helmet on it.
Life was much harder after 6 June. We were bombed all the time. One day, I was sitting outside our house watching six British soldiers doing some roadwork. Suddenly they were hit in a huge explosion that killed five of them. One survived. He was Wilfred Blower of the 303 Company Pioneer Corps. His abdomen was wide open. My mother and grandmother and I dragged him into our kitchen and did what we could until the medics arrived. In 1990, Private Blower's son, Derek, born in 1944, tracked me down. He told me his father lived another 23 years after the war. Derek, who lives in Pendlebury, Manchester, is coming over for the anniversary with his wife. I hope we will spend some time together.
Source: [http://observer.guardian.co.uk/review/story/0,6903,1212295,00.html]
The Observer | Review | Franz Gockel
A teenage soldier in the Wehrmacht, Franz Gockel had his 18th birthday while serving as a gunner in a 'resistance nest' on Omaha beach. He was shot in the hand and evacuated to Paris before serving again and being captured by the Americans. After 18 months in custody he was released and returned to his home town of Hamm, where he set up a roofing company and still lives with his wife. Gockel has made regular trips to Normandy since shortly after the war, and has many friends there. He will be in the area over the anniversary.
Hannah Cleaver
Sunday May 9, 2004
The Observer
We had been kept busy digging the trenches and keeping the guns in order. We had two-hour watches throughout the night, and I had been on duty from 10pm until midnight on 5 June and was not due to go back on watch until 4am.
But at 1am we got the alarm call. We had had many of these before and we threw out the guy who had brought it to us, but he came back and said this time it was for real - the Americans had been landing by parachute about 30 kilometres from us.
At dawn American bombers flew over, although they didn't bomb us because they didn't want to endanger their own boats which were coming in. There were about 25 of us in our nest but we had hardly any contact with each other. The next person to me was 15 metres away. Of course there were breaks in the noise and chaos, and because it was cold and we were freezing the cook came and gave us mulled wine. Apart from that no one came until the shooting started at about 4am.
During the wait I was concentrating very hard on my weapon, checking it over and over again. I was also saying lots of short prayers, the ones I had said with my family while in the cellar when the bombs were dropped, kind of getting myself into a trance.
It was about 6am when lots of them [Americans] started up the beach towards me. They came at low tide when we had expected them to come at high tide. They had a long way to go up the sand and hardly any cover. It was a beautiful sandy beach, and they had to run all the way up it. Many were lying on the sand, killed or wounded. You could see when the tide rose some would move, crawling up the beach to get out of the water. At about 8am my machine gun failed and I had to use my pistol to protect myself - it just fired single shots. I stayed there until about midday on my own until a commander called Siegfried came and asked me to go up to the bunker and get him something to eat from about 100 metres up the beach.
I crawled up the beach and to the bunker, and two others came up to me and I got them to give me cover as I went for the bunker. We all ate together and then I had to go to the toilet, and in doing so I tore my trousers. I went back 30 or 40 metres to an anti-tank position and they gave me some trousers.
I wanted to go back to Siegfried, who had asked for the food, but the Americans were already there. They had taken the position. I went back to the pair I had eaten with and then a shot came in and went through my hand. That was my 'home shot'.
I found many of the people from the beach that day, Siegfried and the two I had eaten with, in the graveyard afterwards. There were about 30 there that I knew. I was saved by going to get that food. My main thought throughout was that I had to fight to survive. I wanted to get back home to my six brothers and sisters.
Source: [http://observer.guardian.co.uk/review/story/0,6903,1212301,00.html]
The Observer | Review | Walt Marshall
At the age of 20, he served in naval intelligence, preparing the ground for D-Day at Gold beach and taking part in the invasion. Later he fought the Japanese in the Far East. After the war he worked in the electricity industry. Now 79, he is married with one daughter and three grandchildren.
David Smith
Sunday May 9, 2004
The Observer
I was sent over to Normandy with two marine commandos a few days before the landings, rowing ashore in a rubber dinghy. I had a grid map with me. The RAF had taken a lot of very good pictures but they couldn't be sure from the air what the things they'd circled on the map were. First we had to reckon up the beach for landmines and take sand samples for landing the tanks - you had to know what type of beach it was.
We kept going on the arterial road towards the Arromanches and Caen main road. The next morning we looked out of the bushes and there, not 30 or 40 feet away, were a tank crew having their coffee. I wonder who would have been more surprised, them or us, if I'd walked up to them and said, 'Give us a cup of coffee!'
We continued along the road and it was so quiet we were getting a bit blasé. All of a sudden we stopped and heard this rumbling. We just had time to get into a low ditch on the side of the road. And lo and behold round the corner came this huge German army convoy with motorcycle outriders. I don't know to this day how they missed us. I was a young man of 20 and absolutely petrified. If I'd had two tin lids strapped on the inside of my knees, Hitler would have heard it in Berlin.
We had to retrace our steps back to the submarine. I got back to England, gave my report, had a huge shower, went to sleep, then I was woken up again, had a big feed, put on my battle dress and went back out to Normandy. I was on the beach the whole of the night. At about 1.30am I transferred to the command destroyer moored just off the beaches. The date was 6 June.
Around 5am it was so weird and eerie, like a mist. Then it was as if the mist was lifted by a giant hand. It cleared at about a quarter to six. There was a sight you will never, ever forget. Five thousand ships, all out there waiting. You couldn't believe it. You could walk across the Channel on ships.
At six o'clock all hell broke loose and all the battleships opened fire together. Can you imagine the din? From then on it was hectic the whole time. The way the Germans had woken up, they had pushed reinforcements in from when the ships were first seen and they really met us with a hail of fire all the time: machine guns, heavy guns. Our ship was under fire all the time and how they didn't sink us I will never know.
The troops were dropping down like flies. Some of these lads were 16, 17, 18, 19 and had only just learned how to use a rifle. I'd seen these troops when I'd first come back from Normandy. They'd been on the landing craft two or three days then. I could see they were bedraggled, they'd suffered atrocious weather, they were seasick, praying, some of them nearly crying. You could see it going through their minds, wondering what could happen to them.
By 11.30am the troops coming ashore were having to push bodies aside. When you saw them wade through the water, it was such courage. I was so glad to be part of it. I shall never forget watching them go up that beach. There was so much courage there. Lots of things there in the way of bravery and some will never be known about. The bravery was absolutely outstanding. They were all some mother's sons.
I still think about it often, especially now. I tell my grandchildren about it and they're very interested. I hope to God they never have to know anything like it.
Source: [http://observer.guardian.co.uk/review/story/0,6903,1212297,00.html]
yī -one
èr -two
sān -three
sì -four
wǔ -five
lìu -six
qī -seven
bā -eight
jǐu -nine
shí - ten
----
zhī - a classifier used to measure objects like pens and pencils, occurring after a number
----
yì zhī bǐ
a pen
----
zhè shì yì zhī bǐ
This is a pen.
----
https://dl.dropbox.com/u/445616/Health/Nutrient%20Timing%20Powerpoint.ppt
----
The Right Food, The Right Time, The Right Result
!Pre-workout snacks
The less time you have before your workout, the more carb – and less protein – you should snaffle. Protein intake too close to a workout may lead to stomach cramps and indigestion. Roughly 70% of the energy in your pre-workout meal should come from carbs. Ideally eat 30minutes to 1 hour before. The closer you get the less you should eat.
*Peanut butter on apple
Good mix of natural sugars, plus the protein and good fats from the peanut butter lower the snack's GI = a slower release of sugars into your bloodstream. Which means you can keep going harder for longer.
*Peanut butter and banana (on wholemeal bread)
*Chocolate milk and a banana
*An Apple and Hard-Boiled Egg
*Low-Fat Cheese on Wheat Toast and an Orange
The cheese gives you protein and calcium, which helps keep your muscles and bones healthy, while the whole wheat toast is a complex carb that helps fuel your workout. What's up with the orange? Foods that contain vitamin C help metabolize fat faster and allows your bod to burn calories easier.
*Dried Fruit
Think: a box of raisins or little package of dried apples or bananas. The natural sugar in these will morph into energy for your body. If you need something more substantial, sprinkle them over protein-packed Greek yogurt.
*Dried fruit, berries and grapes
A handful of dried fruit provides simple carbs (digested in the small intestine, rather than the stomach) that offer instant energy, while berries – go for anything brightly coloured – deliver an energy boost and fight oxidative stress during a workout thanks to their high ORAC score. Throw in some grapes to complete the fruity medley. The skin of grapes helps boost the body's nitric oxide level, expanding blood vessels for a better workout.
!Post workout food
*TURKEY, CHEESE, AND APPLE SLICES
*Protein Shake with Banana
Recommended Serving Size: 2 scoops of whey protein powder combined with water and 1/2 banana, 250 calories
*Hummus and Pita
Recommended Serving Size: 1/4 cup hummus with 1 whole wheat pita, 275 calories
!What is Nutrient Timing???
Nutrient timing is a strategic approach as to how much, what and when to eat before, during and after training or competing to maximize effects of training
It’s a system of working the composition of your food selection, the portions and the timing of intake of your food so that it does the absolute most it possibly can to help your performance.
Benefits of Nutrient Timing
Maximize energy and stamina
Preserve mental acuity
Promotes recovery for next workout
Reduce muscle soreness
Support muscle repair/diminish muscle breakdown
Maintain immunity
Sustain hydration
Reduce risk of injury
What are your patterns of
eating like in a day?
Do you eat breakfast?
Do you eat lunch every day?
What do you snack on? When?
What do you have for dinner?
Do you refrigerator surf until bedtime (or until you pass out- whichever comes first)?
Energy Systems used in Sports
Can you name 5
Carbohydrate sources???
Carbohydrate
SOURCES
Fruits, vegetables, grains (rice. Oats, wheat, breads, and cereals, legumes (beans), milk and yogurt, sweets.
DIGESTION & ABSORPTION
All carbohydrates are broken down into single sugars for absorption
If muscles do not need fuel immediately, glucose will be stored in the form of glycogen in muscle tissue.
Carbohydrate Before Exercise
WHY?
Spares use of muscle glycogen in endurance, stop and go, and power sports
Runners lasted 12.8% longer with a pre-exercise carbohydrate beverage
(1 g/kg/bw) 15 minutes prior
Tomakidis (2008)
35 g carb before and at the half during a soccer match resulted in a 39 % greater sparing of muscle glycogen
Leatt & Jacobs
Carbohydrate Before Exercise
The amount depends upon how far in advance it is eaten
The closer to exercise, the smaller the amount and easier to digest
Carbohydrate after Exercise
Recovery refuels and restores used energy, and aids in the repair of muscle tissue after training/competition.
Recovery Nutrition is most important:
Training hard on a daily basis
Athletes have more than one competition or workout in a day
After a major event or competition
When recovery time is limited (2-a-days or tournaments) eat as soon as possible
Glycogen storing enzymes are at their peak immediately after exercise, and begin to dissipae over the next 2 hours.
Glycogen is replaced at the rate of 5-7% per hour, so it could take up to 20 hours to fully restock depleted muscles.
Carbohydrate after exercise: Recovery
Recovery snack should be consumed as soon as possible (within 30 min.) Athletes should repeat in 2 hours or consume equal carb at the next meal.
Recovery Foods
Can you name 4 foods that are good sources of Protein???
Protein
Sources
Meat, fish, poultry, milk, yogurt, cheese, eggs, soy foods, legumes, nuts and seeds
Functions
Repair muscle and other tissue throughouts the body
Create red blood cells
Form hormones and enzymes
Create antibodies
Important for growth from birth through adolescence
Digestions
Proteins are digested more slowly than carbohydrates
Broken down into amino acids
Protein Timing
Will it help performance?
Could it hurt performance
What is the best time for muscle building or repair?
How much protein do you need???
Most athletes need 1.2-1.8 g/kg
Which athletes fall into the higher level category?
Novice athletes
Heavy endurance (burn protein for energy)
Heavy weight training
FAT
There is a difference between
FAT
Dietary fat is necessary for healthy hormonal levels, adequate calories, nutrient absorption, bone health and much more.
Diets too high or too low in fat are counter-productive for most athletes
FAT continued…
Monounsaturated fats and Polyunsaturated Omega-3:
Healthier fats
Olive and canola oils, nuts and nut butters, avocados, salmon, sardines…
Polyunsaturated Omega-6:
Heart healthy, but could cause inflammatory in excessive amounts
Corn oil, seeds, seed oils
Saturated Fats:
Less healthy
High fat meets, 2% and whole dairy
Cause inflammation and high cholesterol levels
Fats and Timing
Fat burning and exercise
During running and training, fat along with carb are burned for fuel
Since fat remains in the stomach longer than any other nutrient, it has the potential to impair performance if eaten too close to training or competing
Large amounts of high fat foods should be avoided for endurance athletes
Summary
What you eat, when you eat, and how much you eat affects how you feel, how you recover, and how you perform.Type the text for 'Nutrient Timing for Peak Performance'
FT.com / Arts & Weekend - Alexander is lost in a maelstrom of spears
Watching Oliver Stone's Alexander is like being strapped to a motion-simulator seat in an ancient history theme park. You can scream but you cannot escape. All human life plays out before you, and not a little death, but in such hectic, rollercoasterish fashion that you long for a quiet read with a quiet book about the 4th-century BC Macedonian empire-builder.
The film's consistency is awesome: nearly every decision Stone makes, in terms of structure and storytelling, is misconceived. The doddering framing device of an elderly Ptolemy (Anthony Hopkins) dictating his memoirs in Alexandria; the deferred depiction of Philip of Macedon's death so that the assassination of Alexander's father becomes an "oh, by the way" flashback; the constant cutaways to Angelina Jolie as Alexander's mum Olympias, keeping the home snakes hissing as a python-clad Dionysus votary (very weird); the narrative jump from Macedonia straight to the decisive battle with the Persians at Gaugamela, skipping such minor matters as the conquest of Asia Minor and Egypt.
Stone allegedly read the life of Alexander by classical historian Robin Lane Fox (a.k.a. beloved FT gardening correspondent), but he plainly ignored its exemplary clarity. Fox begins with Philip's murder, thus laying out the dynastic groundplan of the age and focusing its configuration of rivalries and political simmering points. Stone busks from a prefatory paean to Alexander by whiskery old Ptolemy ("He was a God, Cadmus") to a quick summary of the hero's boyhood (Christopher Plummer as tutor Aristotle, Val Kilmer as a Philip combining drunken wife-sodomy with paternal cave art lectures) and then, as if nothing else really mattered to the ex-screenwriter of Conan the Barbarian, straight to the mighty battle for Babylon.
This is a stirring action sequence. So is the later set-to with elephants in India. Stone pitches us into a maelstrom of spears, chariots, whinnying or trumpeting animals and wince-inducing mutilations, with occasional eagle-eye overviews for visual punctuation. Pictorially Alexander is often impressive, and that includes production designer Jan Roelfs' re-imagining of the city of hanging gardens.
But bright beads do not change the reality of an ill-strung necklace. Between the battles and the Babylons, characters also open their mouths. To have the Macedonians speak with Irish accents while the Greeks bandy regional British brogues is fine enough: it makes sense of the political composition of greater Greece circa 330 BC. The problem is not how they speak, but what they speak. Cod-philosophical exchanges between Alexander and boyfriend Hephaestion (Jared Leto) alternate with colloquial kibbitzing in the generals' tent - "Alexander, be reasonable!" - and with the supremely daft epistolary monologues of Olympias, voiced over images of a Jolie ever more festooned with pet serpents.
Colin Farrell makes a brave stab at the main role. But neither he nor Stone answers the question, "What was Alexander's 'greatness' about?" Was he a monster gorging himself on conquest? Was he a geopolitical genius designing new cultural harmonies? Was he a spoiled brat? Was he a prince among men? A good film would make all Alexanders possible while placing its own in vivid dramatic and historical focus. A bad film makes Alexander's story seem desperate guesswork, a group of dots that no one has begun to join, a series of exclamation points in need of at least one coherent sentence.
!Baked onions with parmesan and cream
I normally eat these deeply savoury baked onions as a side dish to cold roast beef, and that is probably when they are at their best. But they make a sound main course, too. I eat them and their cheesy sauce with mounds of comforting brown rice, steamed with a cinnamon stick and a couple of cloves. Wet-weather food of the first order.
serves 2-3 with rice
onions - 4 medium to large
whipping or double cream - 300ml
grated parmesan - a good handful
to serve: steamed brown rice for 4
Set the oven at 180 /gas 4. Peel the onions and bring them to the boil in a large, deep pot of water. Leave them at a bright simmer for about 25 minutes until tender. Lift them out with a draining spoon.
Slice the onions in half from root to tip and put them cut-side down in an oven-proof dish. Pour over the cream and season with salt, pepper and the grated cheese. Bake for 25 minutes till bubbling.
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!Jackets
[[Rufus Roo|https://www.rufusroo.com/shop/product.php/13/0/new_rufus_roo_jacket_medium_black_stealth]]: The BIG POCKET Travel Jacket 35 pounds
[[Royal Robbins Field Guide Vest|http://www.royalrobbins.co.uk/mens-c1/outerwear-c15/field-guide-vest-khaki-p110]] 40 pounds
Background: #fff
Foreground: #000
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Error: #f88
OSCAR FINGAL O'FFLAHARTIE WILLS WILDE
----
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscar_Wilde
http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/wilde/wildeaccount.html
[[MptwPageTemplate]]
<div id='leftnav' refresh='content' tiddler='Home Page Main Contents'"></div>
!Paint brush care
For oil-based paint, what could be easier than immersing brush or roller in a bucket of water? Oil and water don't mix, and water keeps the solvents from evaporating, so the paint virtually never dries. Using oil primer, I've done this for up to several weeks without a problem. After removing from the water, a light shake of the brush flings off any water droplets. As for the roller, on removing from the water, you might or might not want to roll out the remaining wet paint on a scrap surface, depending on the project.
For water-based stuff, I usually will put a brush in any handy plastic bag and freeze it for use the next day or so, but I have found some paints get 'gritty' from freezing, so I don't think I would use this method for other than a primer.
http://www.finehomebuilding.com/item/12906/keep-a-paintbrush-from-drying-out-between-coats
!Painting concrete
https://buyfloorpaint.co.uk/SurfacePreparation.html
!Useful campaign sites
https://www.theyworkforyou.com/mp/10069/nick_brown/newcastle_upon_tyne_east
https://www.fixmystreet.com/
!Newcastle
[[Newcastle Council]]
----
http://www.nickbrownmp.com/
!Pears with maple syrup and vanilla
The double cooking of these pears, first in a light syrup and then by being baked, ensures that they are truly soft and tender. You could use honey if maple syrup proves elusive. Serves 4.
4 large pears
4 tbsp sugar
750ml water
4 tbsp maple syrup
2-3 drops of vanilla extract
cream to serve
Peel the pears, cut them in half and remove their cores. Bring the sugar and water to the boil, slip in the pears and let them simmer for 10-15 minutes till they approach tenderness. Drain and discard the syrup - it has done its work. Set the oven at 180C/gas mark4.
Place the pears in a shallow baking dish. Drizzle with the maple syrup and the vanilla extract. Bake for about 60 minutes, till the pears are meltingly soft and pale gold here and there. Serve with a jug of cream.
!!Poached pears with praline ice cream and chocolate sauce
A seductive contrast of textures here. Silky pears, heavy with syrup, cold, nubbly ice cream and warm, velvety chocolate sauce. One can’t help thinking all desserts should be as sumptuous as this. Such decadence would follow pretty much anything - one of the delights of having such a contrast of textures - but it would be particularly soothing after a spicy stew.
serves 4
pears - 4
golden caster sugar - 2 tbsp
a vanilla pod
fine, dark chocolate - 200g
praline ice cream
lemon juice - 1tbsp
Pour a good litre of water into a deep, wide pan, add the sugar, vanilla pod and lemon juice and bring to the boil. Peel the pears, tug out their stalks, then halve them and scoop out their cores. Drop them into the sugar syrup and simmer for 10-15 minutes till the pears are translucent and tender. Leave in the syrup to cool. During this time they will become silkily soft and soaked-through with syrup.
Get the ice cream out of the freezer. Chop the chocolate. Bring 200ml water to the boil then whisk in the chocolate, removing from the heat as soon as it has melted - a matter of seconds. Place two pear halves on each of four dishes, add the praline ice cream, one ball per person should be ample, then pour over the warm chocolate sauce.
!Baked peppers
There is so much sweet juice you will need plenty of bread to mop it up. No need to skin or seed the tomatoes if you are using cherry tomatoes such as Gardeners Delight; this is rustic, rough-edged cooking and will be less interesting if you do. This makes a fine, light lunch with some Taleggio or Robbiolo cheese afterwards.
serves 4 as a light lunch
red peppers - 4
plump garlic cloves - 3
ripe cherry tomatoes - 16
olive oil
anchovy fillets - 6
basil - about 12-16 bushy leaves
Halve the peppers lengthways, tear out and discard the white core and seeds then lay the peppers cut-side up in a baking dish. They should fit snugly. Peel the garlic, slice it finely and put a few slices in each pepper, together with a little salt and a tablespoon of oil. Halve the tomatoes and tuck them in. Bake for 50 minutes at 200 c/gas 6 until the peppers have almost collapsed and are full of juice. Rinse, dry and roughly chop together the anchovies and basil leaves. Stir a spoonful of the basil and anchovies into each of the peppers, return to the oven for 10 minutes, then serve warm or at room temperature with crusty bread.
!Manuela's ginger chicken
Serves 4
1 medium-sized happy chicken
1/2 lemon
1 garlic bulb
2 inches ginger, peeled and chopped
olive oil
1 tbs ground ginger
1 tbs ground coriander
sea salt and fresh black pepper
25g butter
1 clove garlic, crushed to a paste
a good squeeze of lemon
3 tbs reduced chicken stock (or stock cube with 3 tbs boiling water)
1 1/2 tbs ground coriander
1 tsp ground ginger
150ml double cream
We grew up on this dish, invented by our Portuguese housekeeper. Heat oven to 220C/gas 7. Stuff the chicken with the garlic head, fresh ginger and plug with the half lemon. Rub a little olive oil over the skin, and dust with the ground ginger and coriander. Scatter with sea salt and fresh pepper. Roast for 20 minutes , then turn down to 190C/gas 5 and cook for a further 40-50 minutes.
Meanwhile, make the sauce. Melt the butter in a small saucepan, and gently fry the garlic for a minute. Add the ginger and coriander. Squeeze in some lemon juice, and add stock. Fry on, whisking, for another minute so that it becomes a paste. Turn the heat down and add the cream, still whisking, till all is combined. When the chicken is ready, allow to sit and rest for at least 15 minutes before carving. Warm sauce and serve in a bowl on the side.
!Persian rice
Serves 3
450g basmati rice
1 tsp veg oil
60g unsalted butter
2 small onions (or 1 large), halved and finely sliced, then separated
45g blanched almonds, roughly chopped
45g pistachios, roughly chopped
45g pine nuts, roughly chopped
rind of 1 unwaxed lemon, carefully pared of pith and slivered
1/2 tsp saffron threads
1/2 tsp cinnamon
seeds of 15 cardamom pods, crushed
2 tbsp veg oil
40g butter
Toast the nuts in a dry pan and set aside. Soak the saffron in 2 tbs of just-boiled water.
Mix the cinnamon and cardamom together. Heat the first lot of oil and butter in a pan, and fry the onion gently until it is just beginning to caramelise, about 10-15 minutes. Pour on saffron water, add almonds, lemon peel, pistachios and pine nuts, then remove from heat.
Rinse the rice, bring a large pan of salted water to the boil, tip in the rice and cook fairly vigorously for 5 or 6 minutes - the grains should be beginning to soften on the outside but remain firm in the centre. Drain and rinse in cold water. You can do all this in advance up to this point.
Twenty minutes before you want to eat, heat the fats in a large pan and, when sizzling, spoon on a layer of rice. Layer the rice, onions, nuts, spices, and salt and pepper evenly until you have finished them all. Make three holes in the rice with a spoon handle, wrap the saucepan lid in a tea towel, folding the ends of the cloth over the top, and cover the pan. Leave on high heat for 4 minutes to get the steam going, then cook on a low heat for 10-15 minutes. Quickly lift the lid and test if the rice is cooked.
Once it is cooked, put the saucepan on to a cold surface; this will make it easer to remove the crust. Remove the lid and invert a serving plate over the pan. With one confident movement, turn the plate and pan together so that the rice can slip out onto the plate, hoping the crust will remain intact. Mine rarely stays in one piece but the occasional triumph is really worth the effort.
Few writers have summed up the spirit of their age in a single work. Here, our literary editor names those books that still speak volumes about the time in which they were written
The following correction was printed in the Observer's For the record column, Sunday July 8 2007
Erskine Childers, author of The Riddle of the Sands, did not take part in the Easter Rising in Dublin in 1916, as we said in the article below, and was not executed as a result. He was secretary-general to the Irish delegation that negotiated the Anglo-Irish Treaty in 1921, creating the Irish Free State. The Treaty divided the new Free State provisional government and Republican Sinn Fein, resulting in civil war. Childers sided with the Republicans and was executed in 1922 for illegal possession of a gun.
In 1894, a Punch illustrator named George du Maurier published a novel set in mid 19th-century Paris describing the adventures in cafe society of an artists' model named Trilby O'Ferrall and her sinister mentor Svengali. Trilby was a succes fou, inspired Puccini's La Boheme and sponsored all kinds of merchandise, including the improbable hat. 'Svengali' entered the language, but the book is now almost forgotten. Trilby is the archetypal zeitgeist novel, the secret of whose astounding success does not really lie with the writer alone.
Now, as we close the long chapter of the Blair decade, is a good moment to look back at the books that did (or did not) capture the Spirit of the Age.
Zeitgeist books often sell many copies, but they are not necessarily bestsellers. They might turn out to be classics, but they do not have to be. A zeitgeist book reflects the spirit of the age in ways that its author and his/her readers don't quite understand. Such books make music in their time in the way a harp makes music from the wind that blows through its strings. These books say something about their time, and are supremely of the moment, but they often survive as curiosities rather than classics. Like Trilby, they can seem incredibly dated and, when we reopen them, their former spell is inexplicable.
After Trilby, candidates for the zeitgeist books of the 1900s include JM Barrie's Peter Pan, Kipling's Kim, Jack London's The Call of the Wild and Erskine Childers' The Riddle of the Sands. The latter spoke directly to its readership: Edwardian society was obsessed with a fear of Germany, and 'invasion scare' stories were often bestsellers. Childers, an Irishman who was executed for his part in the Dublin Uprising of 1916, took a genre and transformed it into popular literature in his brilliant account of sailing the Baltic.
In the decade of the Great War, the favourite reading of the troops was often poetry, but neither Siegfried Sassoon nor Wilfred Owen nor Edward Thomas really qualifies as a zeitgeist author. In fact, it was another thriller, also inspired by the threat of invasion, that became the forces' favourite on the Western Front. John Buchan's The Thirty-Nine Steps of 1915, written in a few weeks during a period of convalescence, is an example of a zeitgeist book that is also a classic.
So, too, is Lytton Strachey's Eminent Victorians of 1918. Declaring that 'discretion is not the better part of biography', he made a ruthless, witty and irreverent demolition of four Victorian icons (Thomas Arnold, Cardinal Manning, General Gordon and Florence Nightingale). Eminent Victorians reprinted six times in its first year of publication; it both reflected and contributed to the postwar mood of cynicism.
In the 1920s, there were many bestsellers (notably John Galsworthy's The Forsyte Saga and PG Wodehouse's The Inimitable Jeeves), but the zeitgeist book is probably Robert Graves's Goodbye to All That, a fierce, self-lacerating account of wartime disillusion. Other contenders for Twenties zeitgeist books also include The Well of Loneliness, All Quiet on the Western Front and The Green Hat
Then there's the conundrum of The Great Gatsby. Many readers might now say that this is the greatest American novel of the century, with almost spooky intuitions about its society. But at the time, despite many good and some indifferent reviews, it was never a big commercial success, its audience largely confined to other, admiring, writers like TS Eliot and Edith Wharton. When F Scott Fitzgerald died of a heart attack in 1940, Gatsby was virtually out of print, neglected and half-forgotten. By then, it had been overtaken by the glossy commercial hits of the Thirties.
In the 1930s, mass-market fiction becomes for the first time dominant in a way recognisable today. On either side of the Atlantic, two huge bestsellers - Margaret Mitchell's Gone With the Wind and Daphne du Maurier's Rebecca - are both strong candidates as zeitgeist books. Gone With the Wind also achieved a unique double: having been a zeitgeist book throughout the run-up to the Second World War, in 1939 it became, overnight, a zeitgeist film, one of the landmark achievements of American cinema. In contrast, Rebecca became so identified with a certain kind of prewar Englishness that the Nazis used an edition of the book as a code source, while Rommel is said always to have kept a copy to hand at HQ.
The shift in mood that took place during the 1940s is reflected in Arthur Koestler's Darkness at Noon and also George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949), whose opening line ('It was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were striking thirteen') signals a brisk, dystopian vision appropriate to the time. Orwell's satirical inventions (Room 101, newspeak and doublethink) owe much to Swift, but his obsession with politics and language helped the novel's universal appeal. Nineteen Eighty-Four is rare among zeitgeist books in being, by many critical estimates, one of the greatest novels of its century.
It's a short step from Winston Smith to alienation. The Catcher in the Rye (1951) is, among other things, a hymn to teenage angst that is a strong contender for the title of US zeitgeist novel of the 1950s, followed closely by Kerouac's 'beat' novel On the Road (1957). In Britain, we marked the postwar hangover with Lucky Jim, Colin Wilson's The Outsider and William Golding's Lord of the Flies
As we approach our own time, the task of discerning the zeitgeist becomes correspondingly more difficult. From the 1960s, Anthony Burgess's A Clockwork Orange (1962) and Doris Lessing's The Golden Notebook (1962) both have strong claims to perceive an underlying mood, though neither was a big seller on publication. A Clockwork Orange owed most of its success to Stanley Kubrick's 1971 film.
From the paranoid, feminist Seventies, some obvious nominations include Malcolm Bradbury's The History Man (1975), John le Carre's Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy (1974), and from America, Erica Jong's Fear of Flying (1973) and Robert Pirsig's Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance (1974), a book whose sensational appeal now baffles reason. What could be the appeal of 'the Buddha, the Godhead, resides as comfortably in the circuits of a digital computer or the gears of a cycle transmission as he does at the top of a mountain or in the petals of a flower'? At the time, such words seemed essential.
Zeitgeist books are, by definition, one-offs whose success is owed to a unique configuration of circumstances. Occasionally in this century, there were moments when the kaleidoscope of change was shaken so violently that the world of books became transformed. Such was the effect of radical Toryism in the early 1980s. Midnight's Children might not be a zeitgeist book for the UK, but more widely in the English-speaking world it announced the maturity of a new generation, a multicultural readership looking for a new voice. Rushdie's urgent and mesmerising fabulations were an example to the generation that followed.
Many writers who emerged in Blair's Britain found their first inspiration from novels like Rushdie's early work, and also from Hanif Kureishi's The Buddha of Suburbia. In the maelstrom of social upheaval that characterised the middle years of the Thatcher revolution, if there was one constant it was cash. So Martin Amis's Money stands out not just as a brilliant performance by the greatest stylist of his generation, but also as a novel intuitively in touch with the spirit of the age.
Across the Atlantic, Tom Wolfe's The Bonfire of the Vanities is a more plausible zeitgeist contender, less 'dirty realism' than rehashed Victorianism. Thatcher preferred to relax with the thrillers of Jeffrey Archer. As a philistine who sponsored a renewal of British fiction, her role is one of the more delicious ironies in the zeitgeist books' narrative. The end of Thatcher coincided with Helen Fielding's Bridget Jones's Diary. This scatty romcom connects the 20th century to the new millennium. Who can say why? But that's another story.
Spirits of the age: Radclyffe Hall to Zadie Smith
The Call of the Wild (1903) Jack London
The Riddle of the Sands (1903) Erskine Childers
Peter Pan (1906) JM Barrie
The Thirty-Nine Steps (1915) John Buchan
Eminent Victorians (1918) Lytton Strachey
The Well of Loneliness (1928) Radclyffe Hall
All Quiet on the Western Front (1929) Erich Maria Remarque
Goodbye to All That (1929) Robert Graves
Gone With the Wind (1936) Margaret Mitchell
Rebecca (1938) Daphne du Maurier
Darkness at Noon (1940) Arthur Koestler
Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949) George Orwell
Catcher in the Rye (1951) JD Salinger
Lucky Jim (1954) Kingsley Amis
The Outsider (1956) Colin Wilson
On the Road (1957) Jack Kerouac
A Clockwork Orange (1962) Anthony Burgess
The Naked Ape (1967) Desmond Morris
Portnoy's Complaint (1969) Philip Roth
Fear of Flying (1973) Erica Jong
Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy (1974) John le Carre
Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance (1974) Robert Pirsig
The History Man (1975) Malcolm Bradbury
Money (1984) Martin Amis
The Bonfire of the Vanities (1987) Tom Wolfe
Bridget Jones's Diary (1996) Helen Fielding
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (1997) JK Rowling
A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius (2000) Dave Eggers
White Teeth (2000) Zadie Smith
London Orbital (2002) Iain Sinclair
The Da Vinci Code (2003) Dan Brown
The Line of Beauty (2004) Alan Hollinghurst
Saturday (2005) Ian McEwan
Robert McCrum
Sunday July 1, 2007
[[The Observer|http://books.guardian.co.uk/departments/generalfiction/story/0,,2115603,00.html]]
https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/B000EYEYV8/ref=ask_ql_qh_dp_hza
http://www.philips.co.uk/c-p/HP3631_01/infracare-infrared-lamp/specifications
https://liveto110.com/single-infrared-heat-lamp-therapy/
+++[Some 3G terminology]
*UMTS?
UMTS (Universal Mobile Telephony System) is the technical name for 3G.
*WCDMA?
WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) is a wider network.
This means we can create a bandwidth between the network and customers that enables faster speeds on existing services and introduce new services that will only work on fast networks.
===
----
!Search for a phone deal
http://www.uswitch.com/mobiles/
http://www.hotukdeals.com/mobiles/deals/hot
!Magazines
http://www.whatmobile.net/
http://www.mobilechoiceuk.com/
!Recycle your phone
http://www.mobilevaluer.com/
!Landline
[[Cheapest Phonecalls]]
!Check reception
http://ukmobilecoverage.co.uk
!OFCOM
*Unlocking advice
http://consumers.ofcom.org.uk/phone/mobile-phones/changing-provider/mobile-phone-locking-and-unlocking/
To unlock your phone to use with another network’s SIM you’ll need a Network Unlock Code (NUC).
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4038525/
<<tiddler CommentScript>>+++!!!!![comment from KeithRichardson on 14 May 2007 22:01:08]>
Interesting site!===
[[Boilers and Central Heating]]
[[Kitchen]]
[[Plumbing items]]
!Pipes and fittings
!!Speedfit End stop 15mm
<html><img src="https://i.imgur.com/vBR5o10.jpg" height=500 width="500"></html>
!!Isolating valves
2 for £2,48
!Oat plum crumble
It is the end of the plum season, though you will still find a few stragglers left (mostly Alex or Marjorie’s Seedling). The late Italian ones are luscious too, if you give them a day or two at home to ripen. Serves 6.
650g plums
4 tbsp caster sugar
a knob of butter
For the crust:
150g plain flour
80g butter
50g ground almonds
70g demerara sugar
75g rolled oats
Set the oven at 200C/gas mark 6. Make the oat crust by rubbing the butter into the flour till it resembles fresh breadcrumbs. Stir in the almonds, the demerara sugar and the oats.
Pile the fruit into a buttered baking dish and add the sugar, butter and a few tablespoons of water. Tip the oat-and-almond topping on to the fruit and bake for 30-35 minutes till the crust is crisp and golden, the fruit soft. Serve hot, with cream
nǐ men
you
----
wǒ men
we
----
tā men
they
----
wǒ men dōu hǎo
We are all well.
----
nǐ men dōu hǎo ma
Are you all well?
----
Wŏ ma?
(who) me?
----
http://tipmra.com/new_tipmra/how_Speed_Trap_Radar_works.htm
[[D-168 Car Radar Laser Speed Camera Detector ]]
----
!Fixed Gatso camera using GPS
Beware of monthly database contracts
*Inforad V4 Speed Camera Warning system PLUS 8 hour rechargeable battery pack (GPS Speed Camera detector) £25
!Handheld radar traps
*Microfuzion Latest X212 Car Radar/Laser Gun/Speed/Camera/Gatso Detector Worldwide Detector £55
This unit won't tell you about a fixed Gatso camera further ahead as doesn't have gps capability and only responds to radar bands and laser pulses.
*SNOOPER LASER POD LP950 £50
Detection range up to 1500m
!Laser jammers
BLINDER M27 and M47 Laser Jammers
Laser Star Pro, K40 Laser Defuser G5, Anti-Laser Priority(ALP), Antilaser ALG9, Blinder HP-905, and Laser Interceptor.
'' Laser Elite'' - jams signal and then shuts down so that a signal can be taken by which time you have slowed down - http://www.sasmobile.co.uk/newsarticle/Police-Laser-Jammer-Fitted
!Rejects
*Snooper 3ZERO GPS Radar/Laser Speed Trap Detector
!Frequency bands: (USA, Canada, United Kingdom)
X band: 10.500 to 10.550 GHz (gigahertz, or 1,000,000,000 Hz)
K band: 24.050 to 24.250 GHz
Ka band: 33.4 to 36.0 GHz
Laser: 904 nanometers
!Different Bands of Radar explained
For those who want to dig deeper, here’s some technical jargin and history about different bands of radar.
*X-Band
The X-band frequency is allocated for police radar: 10.5 – 10.55 GHz. It dates back to the 1950s and is the easiest band to detect because of its lower frequency and higher power output. Depending on terrain, temperature, and humidity, X-band radar can be detected from a distance of 2 to 4 miles, yet it only takes accurate readings of speed from a distance of 1/2 mile or less.
X band frequencies are used for microwave ovens, traffic light sensors and electronic shop doors
*K-Band
K-band is the most frequently used radar frequency band: 24.05 – 24.25 GHz. K-band made its appearance in 1978. The first K-band hand-held radar guns could only be used from a stationary position. Later, a “pulsed” version was introduced that could be used from a stationary or moving vehicle.
K-band radar waves have a relatively small wavelength. At the power level found in police radar guns, K-band has an effective clocking range of about 1/4 mile. Depending upon terrain (around a corner, over a hill, etc.), K-band waves can be detected from a range of 1/4 mile to 2 miles.
*Ka-Band
In 1987 the FCC allocated a frequency on yet another band, Ka, for police radar use. Ka-Band incorporates Ka-band, Ka Wide-Band, and Ka Super Wide-Band. With Ka came the introduction of photo radar (also known as “photo-cop”). The photo-cop system works at 34.3 GHz and combines a Ka-band radar gun with an automated camera (see Photo Radar below).
The FCC later expanded Ka-band radar use to a range of 34.2 to 35.2 GHz. This became known as Ka Wide-Band.
The introduction of the “stalker” radar gun raised the stakes in the detection game. Unlike all previous guns, the Stalker can be FCC licensed for any frequency in the Ka-band between 33.4 GHz to 36.0 GHz, and so cannot be picked up by detectors designed only for X, K, and photo radar. Today, Stalker guns are being used in more than half the country.
In response, manufacturers have developed detectors with “Super wide-band” technology that sweeps all of the Ka-band allocated to radar, as well as providing continued protection against X, K, and photo radar.
*Ku-Band
Ku-band radar ranges between 12 and 18 GHz. It is used primarily in Europe for satellite communications, in both aerospace and broadcasting. In the radar enforcement realm, Ku is set at 13.45 GHz by the FCC and has only recently been introduced to the U.S. for speed detection.
!Asian pork soup
Serves 4
21 November 2004
2tsp vegetable oil
1tbsp grated ginger
1 large red chilli, sliced
1 star anise
1 stalk lemongrass, finely chopped
6 cups (21/2 pints) chicken stock
350g (12oz) pumpkin, cut into small slices
375g (13oz) fresh egg noodles
300g (10oz) pork fillet, sliced
¼ cup basil leaves
Place a large saucepan over high heat. Add the oil, ginger, chilli, star anise, lemongrass and stock and bring to a simmer. Cover and simmer for 5 minutes. Add the pumpkin, cover and simmer for 4 minutes. Pour boiling water over the noodles and allow to stand for 3 minutes before draining. Add the pork to the soup and cook, stirring, for 3 minutes or until tender. Stir through the basil leaves. To serve, place the noodles in bowls and pour over the soup.
http://www.worldtravelguide.net/portugal
http://wikitravel.org/en/Portugal
!Faro Airport Guide (FAO)
http://www.worldtravelguide.net/portugal/faro-airport
!Algarve
http://wikitravel.org/en/Algarve
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algarve
!!Albufeira
http://www.tripadvisor.co.uk/Travel_Guide-g189112-Albufeira_Algarve.html
http://wikitravel.org/en/Albufeira
*Map
http://www.albufeirauncovered.com/about-albufeira/map.aspx
*Buses
http://www.algarvebus.info/albufeira.htm
*Abufeira beaches
http://www.worldtravelguide.net/portugal/albufeira-beaches
*Shopping
http://www.albufeirauncovered.com/about-albufeira/shopping.aspx
*Food and drink
http://www.albufeirauncovered.com/food-and-drink/information.aspx
*Useful info
http://www.albufeirauncovered.com/about-albufeira/useful-information.aspx
The possessive is created by using the particle: ''de''
''Wŏ de'' my; mine
''Wŏ men de'' our; ours
''Nĭ de'' your; yours
''Nĭ men de'' you (plural); yours
''Wŏ de ma?'' Is it for me; is it mine?
''Nĭ de ma?'' Is this yours?
!Roast sweet potato chilli chips
''Ingredients:''
350g/12oz sweet potatoes, peeled and cut into chips
2 tbsp olive oil
½ tsp sea salt
1 tsp crushed dried chilli flakes or smoked paprika
freshly ground black pepper
''Preparation method''
Preheat the oven to 180C/350F/Gas 4.
Place the sweet potato chips into a roasting tin and drizzle over the olive oil and season with the salt, crushed dried chilli flakes and freshly ground black pepper. Toss well to coat, then roast in the oven for 20-30 minutes, or until the sweet potato chips are crisp and golden-brown.
Pile onto a plate and serve immediately.
!Cheeses
Emmental Swiss cheese
Gouda
Matured cheddar
!Fermented dairy
Yoghurt
Kefir
Buttermilk
!Pickes
Natually fermented
Sauerkraut
Korean
!Other
Tempeh
Miso paste
!Prebiotics
asparagus, Jerusalem artichokes, bananas, oatmeal, red wine, honey, maple syrup, and legumes
q - chew
x - she
zh - George
c - its
----
a - ah
ia - yar
ua - wah
o - war; tall
uo - look + or
e - early
ie - yes
ou - oh
an - under
üan - you-an
in - inn
ang - hung
eng - ng
ueng oo-ng
ong - book-ng
ai - eye
uai - Hawaii
ei - may
uei - oo-ay
ao - how
iao - ee-ow
üe - you-eh
iou - ee-o
ian - yen
en - broken
ün - oo-n
iang - ee-ung
ing - sing
uang - oo-ung
iong - ee-oo-ng
Do you know what protein really does for you, and how much you need? Here’s the beef!
By Nutricise Columnist Lisa Cicciarello, M.Ed., R.D.
Dr. Atkins, Barry Sears and the Eadeses are just a few of the authors who push protein claiming it will help "burn fat and decrease appetite." But, do you know what protein really does for you, and how much you need? Here's the beef!
''Protein is needed for: ''
*Body tissues (mainly organs and muscles)
*Metabolism (enzymes, hormones, acid-base balance, and blood clotting)
*Immune function
*Tranport of nutrients (such as calcium)
*Skin integrity
''Foods high in protein include: ''
*Eggs, fish, poultry, beef
*Milk, cheese, yogurt
*Dried beans and peas
*Peanuts, peanut butter and other seeds
*Tofu and other soy products
''How much you need: ''
*Most adult men need about 60 grams per day
*A three-ounce serving of meat contains about 20 grams
*A serving of milk contains 8 grams
*Vegetables, grains and beans contain about 3 grams per serving
*Most people in the United States eat twice the necessary amount
''Why you might need more: ''
There are some people who might require more protein than the average person. These would include:
*Endurance athletes (runners, cyclists, marathoners, etc.)
*Tennis, soccer or football players
*Young athletes
*Recent surgery patients
In any of these situations, protein needs would be about 1 ½ times normal (or about 90 grams per day). Amino acid supplements are not more beneficial than eating high protein foods, so don't be fooled by GNC. Whole proteins are better metabolized and transported in your body than individual amino acids.
Keep in mind, not all protein is created equal. Animal sources of protein provide the amino acids our bodies cannot make but are needed for normal physiologic functions. Unfortunately, animal proteins can contain more fat, which means cholesterol and weight may go up.
''Choose the following lean protein sources when possible: ''
*Fish
*Chicken or turkey breast
*Sirloin, flank or round steak
*Skim or 1% milk
*Cheese or yogurt made with skim or 1% milk
''High protein foods do have the following qualities, which may aid in weight control: ''
*Help stabilize blood sugar
*Help increase basal metabolic rate
*Provide less calories per gram than fat
The key to protein intake is moderation. Anything eaten in excess will turn to fat if not used for energy in the body. In addition, consuming too much protein can put strain on your kidneys.
''To get the benefits or protein intake, use the following guidelines: ''
*Choose low-fat protein foods when possible
*Try not to eat more than your body needs
*Don't take amino acid supplements
*Stick with small servings (two servings the size of a deck of cards per day)
*Use low-fat cooking methods when possible: grill, broil or bake
*Eat more protein in your diet if you meet any of the above conditions
Lisa Cicciarello, M.Ed., R.D., is a nutritionist with the VA Medical Center and the Nutrition Council of Cincinnati. She also teaches at the University of Cincinnati and is the current editor of the Nutrition Educators of Health Practitioners Newsletter.
http://orlandodietitian.com/2015/06/i-made-my-own-kind-bars-the-easy-way/
/***
|''Name:''|Publish Macro|
|''Version:''|0.4 (25 May 2007)|
|''Source''|http://jackparke.googlepages.com/jtw.html#PublishMacro ([[del.icio.us|http://del.icio.us/post?url=http://jackparke.googlepages.com/jtw.html%23PublishMacro]])|
|''Author:''|[[Jack]]|
|''Type:''|Macro|
!Description
Publish tiddlers tagged with these tags <<option txtPublishTags>> (comma seperated) as HTML pages to the subfolder 'publish' (you must create this). Use the [[PublishTemplateHead]] and [[PublishTemplateBody]] templates to style your pages and the [[PublishIndexTemplate]] to define an index page.
!Usage
{{{<<doPublish>>}}} <<doPublish>>
!Revision History
* Original by [[Jack]] 24 May 2006
* Updated 2 Jan 2007
* Refactored 4 Jan 2007
* Small improvements
!Code
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.doPublish = {major: 0, minor: 3,
revision: 0, date: new Date("Jan4, 2007")};
config.macros.doPublish = {label: "publish", prompt: "Publish Tiddlers as HTML files"};
if (config.options.txtPublishTags==undefined) config.options.txtPublishTags="Publish";
config.shadowTiddlers.PublishTemplateHead = '<title>%0 - %1</title>\n<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css"/>\n<meta name="keywords" content="%3"/>'
config.shadowTiddlers.PublishTemplateBody = '<div class=\'viewer\' id=\'contentWrapper\'><small><a href=\"./publish/index.html\">Home</a> > %1</small><h1>%0</h1>\n<h2>%1</h2>\n%2\n<hr>Tags: %3\n<hr>%4, %5 (created %6)\n</div>\n'
config.shadowTiddlers.PublishIndexTemplate = '<div class=\'viewer\' id=\'contentWrapper\'><small><a href="./publish/index.html">Home</a> > %1</small><h1>%0</h1><h2>%1</h2>\n<ul>%2\n</ul>\n<small>Published: %6</small>\n</div>\n';
config.macros.doPublish.handler = function(place)
{
if(!readOnly)
createTiddlyButton(place,this.label,this.prompt,function () {doPublish(); return false;},null,null,this.accessKey);
}
function doPublish() {
var savedTiddlers = [];
var tiddlers = store.getTiddlers("title");
var place = document.getElementById(story.container)
var HTMLTemplateHead = store.getTiddlerText("PublishTemplateHead");
// We cannot render this template because <title> and other tags fail
var HTMLTemplateBody = store.getTiddlerText("PublishTemplateBody");
HTMLTemplateBody = renderTemplate(HTMLTemplateBody)
HTMLTemplateBody = wiki2Web(HTMLTemplateBody);
var PublishTags = config.options.txtPublishTags || "publish"; PublishTags = PublishTags.split(",")
var PublishFolder = getWikiPath('publish'); if (!PublishFolder) return;
var indexFile = "";
var indexFileTemplate = store.getTiddlerText("PublishIndexTemplate");
// This does not allow <<myMacro>> but wants <div macro="myMacro">
indexFileTemplate = renderTemplate(indexFileTemplate)
// This option allows WIKI-syntax but is limited in it's HTML capabilities
//indexFileTemplate = wikifyStatic(indexFileTemplate)
for (var t = 0; t < tiddlers.length; t++) {
var tiddler = tiddlers[t];
if (tiddler.tags.containsAny(PublishTags)) {
var tiddlerHTML = wikifyStatic(store.getValue(tiddler, 'text'));
var HTML = '<html>\n\<head>\n' + HTMLTemplateHead + '\n</head>\n<body>\n' + HTMLTemplateBody + '\n</body>\n</html>';
HTML = HTML.format([
wikifyPlain("SiteTitle").htmlEncode(),
tiddler.title.htmlEncode(),
wiki2Web(tiddlerHTML),
tiddler.tags.join(", "),
tiddler.modifier,
tiddler.modified.toLocaleString(),
tiddler.created.toLocaleString()
]);
//saveFile(PublishFolder + tiddler.created.formatString("YYYY0MM0DD") + ".html", HTML);
saveFile(PublishFolder + tiddler.title.filenameEncode() + ".html", HTML);
indexFile += "<li><a href=\"" + tiddler.title.filenameEncode() + ".html" + "\" class=\"tiddlyLink tiddlyLinkExisting\">" + tiddler.title + "</a></li>\n";
story.closeTiddler(tiddler.title);
}
}
indexFileTemplate = '<html>\n\<head>\n' + HTMLTemplateHead + '\n</head>\n<body>\n' + indexFileTemplate + '\n</body>\n</html>';
indexFileTemplate = indexFileTemplate.format([wikifyPlain("SiteTitle").htmlEncode(), wikifyPlain("SiteSubtitle").htmlEncode(), "%2", "", "", "", (new Date()).toLocaleString()])
indexFile = indexFileTemplate.replace("%2", indexFile)
indexFile = wiki2Web(indexFile);
saveFile(PublishFolder + "index.html", indexFile)
saveFile(PublishFolder + "style.css", store.getTiddlerText("StyleSheet") + store.getTiddlerText("StyleSheetLayout") + store.getTiddlerText("StyleSheetColors"))
var indexWin = window.open("file://" + PublishFolder.replace(/\\/g, "/") + "index.html", null); indexWin.focus();
}
function renderTemplate(html) {
var result = document.createElement("div");
result.innerHTML = html;
applyHtmlMacros(result,null);
var temp = result.innerHTML;
//result.parentNode.removeChild(result);
return temp;
}
// Convert wikified text to html
function wiki2Web(wikiHTML) {
var regexpLinks = new RegExp("<a .*?tiddlylink=.*?</a>","img");
var result = wikiHTML.match(regexpLinks);
if (result) {
for(i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
var className = result[i].match(/ class="(.*?)"/i)?result[i].match(/ class="(.*?)"/i)[1]:"";
var tiddlerName = result[i].match(/ tiddlylink="(.*?)"/i)[1];
var url = tiddlerName.htmlDecode().filenameEncode() + ".html";
//var url = tiddler.created.formatString("YYYY0MM0DD") + ".html";
if (!className.match(/tiddlyLinkNonExisting/i))
wikiHTML = wikiHTML.myReplace(result[i], "<a class=\"" + className + "\" href=\"" + url + "\">" + tiddlerName + "</a>");
else
wikiHTML = wikiHTML.myReplace(result[i], "<a class=\"" + className + "\" title=\"Page does not exist\" href=\"#\">" + tiddlerName + "</a>");
}
wikiHTML = wikiHTML.replace(/ href="http:\/\//gi, " target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://");
}
return wikiHTML
}
function getWikiPath(folderName) {
var originalPath = document.location.toString();
if(originalPath.substr(0,5) != 'file:') {
alert(config.messages.notFileUrlError);
if(store.tiddlerExists(config.messages.saveInstructions))
story.displayTiddler(null,config.messages.saveInstructions);
return;
}
var localPath = getLocalPath(originalPath);
var backSlash = true;
var dirPathPos = localPath.lastIndexOf('\\');
if(dirPathPos == -1) {
dirPathPos = localPath.lastIndexOf('/');
backSlash = false;
}
var subPath = localPath.substr(0,dirPathPos) + (backSlash ? '\\' : '/') + (folderName ? folderName + '\\' : '');
return subPath;
}
// Replace without regex
String.prototype.myReplace = function(sea, rep) {
var t1 = this.indexOf(sea);
var t2 = parseInt(this.indexOf(sea)) + parseInt(sea.length);
var t3 = this.length;
return this.substring(0, t1) + rep + this.substring(t2, t3)
}
// Convert illegal characters to underscores
String.prototype.filenameEncode = function()
{
return(this.toLowerCase().replace(/[^a-z0-9_-]/g ,"_"));
}
//}}}
http://biolifetherapy.com/
----
The efficacy of PEMF treatment is very much dependent on the applied output intensity (Gauss or Tesla value) combined with the speed in which the pulsed electromagnetic energy penetrates through the body. Only if each individual pulse of the pulsed magnetic field wave has sufficient high intensity and the pulse form is built up very fast (speed of induction), only then the magnetic energy will be able to penetrate deep into the cells and bones.
When a pulsing magnetic field penetrates into a bone the opposite effect takes place. The pulsing magnetic effects cause tiny mechanical movements, resulting in small electrical currents inside the bones and cells. These micro currents are responsible for the beneficial effects occurring inside the body and if the intensities of the pulsing magnetic fields are too low to sufficiently penetrate deep inside the body, no effect will take place!
The human body is unable to feel the magnetic pulses themselves but only the effects they cause. You can, however, easily detect a sufficiently strong pulsed magnetic field by holding a static magnet in your hand above the applicator containing the coils. You can now clearly feel the pulses in your hand with exactly the same pulse repetition rate (frequency) generated by the device. This effect happens because the pulsing magnetic fields distort the static magnetic field of the magnet, resulting in the pulsing movements you can now easily feel in your hand.
Many clinical double blind studies done during the last few decades clearly indicate that frequencies which are beneficial for human applications are mainly between 1 and 100Hz. Electromagnetic pulsing frequencies above 100-200 Hz quickly decrease in their ability to contribute to the beneficial effects of PEMFT on cells and bones.
Most scientific clinical studies clearly show that in order to obtain clinical relevant results the minimum pulsing field strength must be at least 3-5 milli Tesla (30 to 50 Gauss). In order to generate piezoelectricity inside bone and cells the field strength must exceed 10 milli Tesla (100 gauss).
The most proven signal shape is the Sawtooth Waveform first detailed by Dr. Bassett in 1974. Thanks to Bassett’s work, the Sawtooth Waveform has been FDA approved in the USA since 1979.
!Frequencies
A good rule of thumb here is that the deeper the problem is in the body, or the more tightly-packed the tissues in the affected area are, the higher intensities you will need to see results in a reasonable amount of time. Now, a magnetic field will pass completely through the body, whether it is high or low intensity. The difference is the amount of charge the field will produce in your tissues as it is passing through the body. Higher intensity fields produce greater charge, thereby causing greater and more rapid change.
[[A buyer's guide|http://drpawluk.com/resources-2/buyers-guide/]]
What to buy
!AcuPearl PainLess for Pain Relief £80
The therapeutic technology is based on:
Pulsed ElectroMagnetic Fields (PEMF) – clinically proven to offer benefits including higher energy levels, pain reduction, accelerated wound healing, improved blood oxygenation, better sleep patterns and many more.
Adaptive Resonance (Phase Conjugate Adaptive Resonance) – technology unique to AcuPearl which adds potency and targeted action to PEMF.
There are currently two models – the G-Balance (General Balance) and C-Balance (Circadian Balance). Both units help maintain circadian rhythms and protect from the effects of harmful EMF. They are operated by simple buttons and, in addition to their programmed features, have four user-selected programs: ‘Calm’, ‘Sleep’, ‘Soothe’ and ‘Revitalise’. Since people have different sensitivities and needs, the AcuPearl pendants offer three levels of therapeutic action. Level One is sufficient for most people, Level Two is stronger, and Level Three is the strongest.
!MEDICUR
*a convenient magnetic field device developed with a variety of applications for prophylaxis, therapy, and regeneration - especially in the event of pains; it is EC approved according to the legislation governing medical devices (MPG)
*promptly effective against chronic and acute rheumatism and neuralgic pains (neuralgias), articular pains, headaches, and migraine, arthritis, osteoporosis, and other
*furthermore is good for lack of energy and exhaustion, calming, nervousness, lack of concentration, sleeplessness, sensitivity pains to changes in weather
*its use means for you: activating the self-healing potentials, faster healing, less pain-killers with possible side effects, and shortening the stay in hospitals due to speeding-up the postoperative recovery
How to use
*Red button (7.8 Hz): additionally stabilizing, supporting concentration
*Blue button (3.0 Hz): calming effect - especially in the evening in connection with nervousness, restlessness and sleeplessness. On the back of the neck for headaches, insomnia, stress or depression
*Green button (20.0 Hz): stimulating effect at the same time in the event of tiredness, dejection and exhaustion, lack of energy, and tiredness - place at the solar plexus in the morning
MEDICUR is used close to or directly at the centre of pain. Best to use MEDICUR every day up to three times for ten minutes.
!PainSolv MkV £135
!Tens Machine Dual Channel Medfit 1 £24
!Actipatch £20 720 hours
emits a safe form of non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation. The carrier frequency is 27.12 MHz, the assigned Federal Communications Commission medical frequency, and it has a pulse rate of 1000 Hz and a 100 µs burst width. The peak burst output power of the 12 cm antenna is ∼0.0098 W and covers a surface area of ∼103 cm2. The circuitry consists of low-voltage (3 V) digital/analog electronics that control all timing functions to produce the therapeutic radiofrequency field, with the antenna field placed directly above the therapeutic site. This closed-loop system of the antenna, low-energy signal generator circuit and battery power supply transfers the radiofrequency energy to the tissue.
----
[[Low level laser therapy]]
!Butternut Squash Soup
Ready in 50 mins Serves: 6
A creamy butternut squash soup to make in the microwave. Adapt the recipe to suit your taste, with nutmeg, cloves and a hint of cinnamon.
''Ingredients''
1kg butternut squash, cubed
2 onions, chopped
good knob butter
500ml vegetable stock
100ml double cream
salt and freshly ground black pepper to taste
1 dash ground nutmeg
1 dash ground cloves
1 dash ground cinnamon
''Preparation method''
Prep: 15 mins |Cook: 35 mins
1. In a large microwave safe dish combine squash, onions and butter. Cover and microwave on high for 4 minutes. Peel squash. Stir in stock and cook on high for another 20 to 25 minutes, or until squash is tender.
2. Puree squash, onions and stock in a food processor or blender. Add cream, salt and pepper, and microwave on high for another 3 to 4 minutes, or until heated through. Flavour with nutmeg, cloves and cinnamon to taste.
!Feisty butternut squash soup
Ready in 1 hour 10 mins Serves: 6
Butternut squash soup with cheese and a kick! This is a very filling soup with a fiery afterglow. Spicy but not too much and a fantastic colour. If you really don't like spicy food then omit the chilli's seeds, reduce the number of chillies or take them out completely.
''Ingredients''
2 butternut squash, peeled and cubed
2 medium potatoes, peeled and cubed
1 medium onion, chopped
corn oil for frying
2 cloves of garlic, chopped
1 red chilli (including seeds), sliced
100ml extra thick double cream
160g cheshire cheese, grated
salt and pepper to taste
''Preparation method''
Prep: 10 mins |Cook: 1 hour
1. Boil squash and potatoes in water until soft. (Add only just enough water to cover.) Don't drain.
2. Meanwhile, fry the onion in a bit of oil till almost soft. Add the chopped garlic and chillies and fry till onion is completely soft and translucent.
3. Add onion mixture to squash and potatoes. Transfer to a blender and blend till smooth. Return to saucepan and reheat till bubbling. Add cream and cheese. Stir through until cheese is melted. Test and add salt and pepper to taste. Serve with tiger bread!
!Gary Rhodes Butternut squash soup
From: Gary Rhodes' Local Food Heroes
Prep time: 10 min Cook time: 40 min Serves: 4
Ground ginger and orange juice adds a fragrant note to Gary Rhodes autumnal soup
''Ingredients''
2 tbsp olive oil
1 onion, sliced
1 clove garlic, crushed
675 g butternut squash, seeds removed and cubed
1/2 tsp ground ginger
600 ml vegetable stock
100 ml orange juice
salt and black pepper
''Method''
1. Heat the oil in a large saucepan. Add the onions and garlic to the pan and fry until softened, but not coloured.
2. Tip in the butternut squash and add the ginger. Cook for a further 5 minutes, stirring from time to time.
3. Add the stock and orange juice and simmer for about 30 minutes until the squash is tender.
4. Leave the soup to cool slightly, before puréeing with a hand blender until smooth. Season to taste, reheat if necessary and serve.
Britain is proud of its liberal capital markets, but the proposed bid for Sainsbury by a secretive Qatari investment fund raises profound questions about the future direction of UK plc. Very little is known about Delta Two beyond the fact that it controls billions worth of assets and is run by Sheikh Hamad, the Qatari Prime Minister. Effectively, it is an arm of the Qatari government, but its offer for Sainsbury illustrates that it operates in much the same way as a private equity firm - with all its drawbacks.
If the bid goes ahead, Delta Two will borrow £6bn to bankroll the deal, which means that it will start life as a private company saddled with debt. This in itself is curious as the Qataris have deep pockets: they are sitting on a huge quantity of gas reserves and are reaping the benefits of the oil price boom in neighbouring states. If Delta Two had wanted to reassure Sainsbury's pension fund trustees and staff that its plans were for the greater good of the company, why is it borrowing so much money?
The answer, doubtless, is that Delta Two's enthusiasm for leverage stems from a desire to pave the way for a cash windfall for the new owners and senior managers. Its a wheeze that never fails: borrow to buy a company, then refinance the package under better terms by drawing down extra debt that the borrower can use to pay itself a fat dividend.
Jolly good if the company is performing well, as some of the money can be ploughed back into investing in the business. But if trading takes a turn for the worse, then Sainsbury's future may be jeopardised. Like any buyout, Delta plans to delist Sainsbury from the stock market which means that overnight the company will be hidden from public view and relieved of the obligation to publish full financial statements and details about executive pay. As a consequence, it will be open to the same criticism that has been levelled at the way private equity works.
There are differences, though, between private equity and Delta Two. The Middle Eastern investment group is controlled by a sovereign government rather than a buyout firm, even if it behaves in a similar fashion. Secondly, there has been no backlash against foreign ownership of British companies, unlike private equity.
But there is always a tipping point, and this could be it. A private equity-style takeover by a foreign government of a company with a huge public profile won't be easy to pull off. No one said anything when Ferrovial, the Spanish construction company, borrowed millions to take over Heathrow and other British airports two years ago and there were no angry voices on this side of the Atlantic when Dubai Ports World acquired P&O.
But Delta Two risks flying into the storm created by private equity which today employs one in eight workers in the private sector. Globalisation and the rise of international private equity groups are altering the ownership of major British companies.
Twenty years ago, the majority were controlled by blue chip UK investment institutions. Today, UK plc is shrinking as foreign companies or private equity groups move in and take large household names private. But there is a price for globalisation when the game changes as much as it has. Last week, Sir David Walker published a review of private equity, proposing greater financial transparency and more independent directors. Appointed by the industry, Walker was hoping to take the sting out of the debate which has seen private equity leaders pilloried as asset strippers and quick buck merchants. His ideas went some way to meet the demands of critics, but fell well short as they failed to address the main issue: tax. Private equity chiefs pay as little as 10 per cent on their remuneration, while generous tax breaks encourage firms to borrow to the hilt, increasing the likelihood of future defaults.
This is the same tax regime, it should be noted, that Delta Two will seek to exploit if its takeover of Sainsbury is successful. But it's absurd to make such breaks available to an investment organisation that is already awash with cash. And while our open markets are undoubtedly a good thing, one has to ask whether they should be extended to countries, such as Qatar, that wouldn't dream of allowing a British company to run off with one of its trophy assets.
Sainsbury's shareholders can hardly be blamed if they accept a 600p-plus offer from the Qataris, which represents a generous premium over where it was trading in January. But if more big public companies go the way of Sainsbury, people will begin to question why large chunks of UK plc are being sold off in what is beginning to look like a massive corporate car boot sale.
Richard Wachman
Sunday July 22, 2007
[[The Observer|http://www.guardian.co.uk/globalisation/story/0,,2131876,00.html]]
/***
| Name|QuickOpenTagPlugin|
| Description|Changes tag links to make it easier to open tags as tiddlers|
| Version|3.0 ($Rev: 1845 $)|
| Date|$Date: 2007-03-16 15:19:22 +1000 (Fri, 16 Mar 2007) $|
| Source|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#QuickOpenTagPlugin|
| Author|Simon Baird <simon.baird@gmail.com>|
| License|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#TheBSDLicense|
***/
//{{{
config.quickOpenTag = {
dropdownChar: (document.all ? "\u25bc" : "\u25be"), // the little one doesn't work in IE?
createTagButton: function(place,tag,excludeTiddler) {
// little hack so we can to <<tag PrettyTagName|RealTagName>>
var splitTag = tag.split("|");
var pretty = tag;
if (splitTag.length == 2) {
tag = splitTag[1];
pretty = splitTag[0];
}
var sp = createTiddlyElement(place,"span",null,"quickopentag");
createTiddlyText(createTiddlyLink(sp,tag,false),pretty);
var theTag = createTiddlyButton(sp,config.quickOpenTag.dropdownChar,
config.views.wikified.tag.tooltip.format([tag]),onClickTag);
theTag.setAttribute("tag",tag);
if (excludeTiddler)
theTag.setAttribute("tiddler",excludeTiddler);
return(theTag);
},
miniTagHandler: function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
var tagged = store.getTaggedTiddlers(tiddler.title);
if (tagged.length > 0) {
var theTag = createTiddlyButton(place,config.quickOpenTag.dropdownChar,
config.views.wikified.tag.tooltip.format([tiddler.title]),onClickTag);
theTag.setAttribute("tag",tiddler.title);
theTag.className = "miniTag";
}
},
allTagsHandler: function(place,macroName,params) {
var tags = store.getTags();
var theDateList = createTiddlyElement(place,"ul");
if(tags.length == 0)
createTiddlyElement(theDateList,"li",null,"listTitle",this.noTags);
for (var t=0; t<tags.length; t++) {
var theListItem = createTiddlyElement(theDateList,"li");
var theLink = createTiddlyLink(theListItem,tags[t][0],true);
var theCount = " (" + tags[t][1] + ")";
theLink.appendChild(document.createTextNode(theCount));
var theDropDownBtn = createTiddlyButton(theListItem," " +
config.quickOpenTag.dropdownChar,this.tooltip.format([tags[t][0]]),onClickTag);
theDropDownBtn.setAttribute("tag",tags[t][0]);
}
},
// todo fix these up a bit
styles: [
"/*{{{*/",
"/* created by QuickOpenTagPlugin */",
".tagglyTagged .quickopentag, .tagged .quickopentag ",
" { margin-right:1.2em; border:1px solid #eee; padding:2px; padding-right:0px; padding-left:1px; }",
".quickopentag .tiddlyLink { padding:2px; padding-left:3px; }",
".quickopentag a.button { padding:1px; padding-left:2px; padding-right:2px;}",
"/* extra specificity to make it work right */",
"#displayArea .viewer .quickopentag a.button, ",
"#displayArea .viewer .quickopentag a.tiddyLink, ",
"#mainMenu .quickopentag a.tiddyLink, ",
"#mainMenu .quickopentag a.tiddyLink ",
" { border:0px solid black; }",
"#displayArea .viewer .quickopentag a.button, ",
"#mainMenu .quickopentag a.button ",
" { margin-left:0px; padding-left:2px; }",
"#displayArea .viewer .quickopentag a.tiddlyLink, ",
"#mainMenu .quickopentag a.tiddlyLink ",
" { margin-right:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-left:0px; margin-left:0px; }",
"a.miniTag {font-size:150%;} ",
"#mainMenu .quickopentag a.button ",
" /* looks better in right justified main menus */",
" { margin-left:0px; padding-left:2px; margin-right:0px; padding-right:0px; }",
"#topMenu .quickopentag { padding:0px; margin:0px; border:0px; }",
"#topMenu .quickopentag .tiddlyLink { padding-right:1px; margin-right:0px; }",
"#topMenu .quickopentag .button { padding-left:1px; margin-left:0px; border:0px; }",
"/*}}}*/",
""].join("\n"),
init: function() {
// we fully replace these builtins. can't hijack them easily
window.createTagButton = this.createTagButton;
config.macros.allTags.handler = this.allTagsHandler;
config.macros.miniTag = { handler: this.miniTagHandler };
config.shadowTiddlers["QuickOpenTagStyles"] = this.styles;
store.addNotification("QuickOpenTagStyles",refreshStyles);
}
}
config.quickOpenTag.init();
//}}}
"The aim of life is self-development. To realize one's nature perfectly - that is what each of us is here for."
----
"First learn the meaning of what you say, and then speak."
----
''Marriage is the triumph of imagination over intelligence. A second marriage is the triumph of hope over experience.''
Source: [[Oscar Wilde quotes|http://quotes4all.net/quotations/oscar%20wilde/quote_731.html]]
----
''Bigamy is having one wife too many. Monogamy is the same.''
Source: [[Oscar Wilde quotes|http://quotes4all.net/quotations/oscar%20wilde/quote_963.html]]
----
''Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live forever.''
Mahatma Gandhi
----
''Always forgive your enemies - nothing annoys them so much.''
Oscar Wilde.
----
''A great writer reveals the truth even when he or she does not wish to.''
Tom Bissell
----
''To announce that there must be no criticism of the President, or that we are to stand by the President, right or wrong, is not only unpatriotic and servile, but is morally treasonable to the American public.''
Theodore Roosevelt
----
"We are not French Alice!" - From a Sherlock Holmes short story when the young heroine tries to talk about sex.
----
Marriage is the triumph of imagination over intelligence. Second marriage is the triumph of hope over experience.
Source: [[Oscar Wilde quotes|http://quotes4all.net/quotations/oscar%20wilde/quote_731.html]]
----
Bigamy is having one wife too many. Monogamy is the same.
Source: [[Oscar Wilde quotes|http://quotes4all.net/quotations/oscar%20wilde/quote_963.html]]
----
In theory, there is no difference between theory and practice. But, in practice, there is.
----
Sometimes when reading Goethe I have the paralyzing suspicion that he is trying to be funny.
----
Before I got married I had six theories about bringing up children; now I have six children and no theories.
----
A witty saying proves nothing.
----
The problem with some people is that when they aren't drunk, they're sober.
----
The great thing about television is that if something important happens anywhere in the world, day or night, you can always change the channel.
----
Don't be so humble - you are not that great.
----
The combination "ough" can be pronounced in nine different ways. The following sentence contains them all: "A rough-coated, dough-faced, thoughtful ploughman strode through the streets of Scarborough; after falling into a slough, he coughed and hiccoughed."
----
If you lived here, you'd be home by now...
----
I love my dust. It shows I had something better to do.
----
Time flies like an arrow... Fruit flies like a banana [Groucho Marx]
----
If you don't know where you're going, you'll probably end up somewhere else.
----
Weebles wobble... but they don't fall down!
----
It's all very simple... or else it's all very complex... or perhaps it's neither... or both.
----
Accepting reality is the first step to insanity
----
Oops! Sorry. My karma ran over your dogma.
----
If it looks like a duck, walks like a duck and sounds like a duck, it's probably something else.
----
Some times you feel like a nut, some times you bolt.
----
Santaclaustrophobia... The feeling that Christmas is closing in all around you.
----
Don't touch that! You don't know where it's been...
----
Why is abbreviation such a long word?
----
Life's a trip, not a destination. So watch out for the cows.
----
Diplomacy is the art of saying 'Nice doggie!'... until you can find a rock.
----
Scientists working on cloning technology have done what the american educational system has been doing for years - producing identical sheep.
----
Umm... What's another word for thesaurus?
----
Give me ambiguity or give me something else
----
Don't anthropomorphize your computer, it doesn't like it.
----
Ninth Law of Cartoon Physics: Everything falls faster than an anvil.
----
New clinical studies show there aren't any answers. So just enjoy the questions...
----
Oh yeah? Far out!
----
Boycott Shampoo - Demand the REAL poo!
----
On Blintze! On Bagel! On Spaetzle! On Strudel! On Matzo! On Latke! On Kuchen! On Kugel!... Merry Chanukah!
----
Remember: Don't sweat the petty things... and don't pet the sweaty things.
----
Sign in lunch room: Shoes are required to eat in the cafeteria... socks can eat anywhere they want.
----
Don't be irreplaceable, if you can't be replaced, you can't be promoted.
----
5 out of 4 people have problems with fractions...
----
Osborne's Law of Mathematics: Variables won't; constants aren't.
----
Always remember you're unique, just like everyone else.
----
Something to ponder: What was the best thing *before* sliced bread? Hmmm...
----
Physics Joke #27: Two hydrogen atoms bump into each other while walking down the street: 'Are you alright?'... 'No, I lost an electron!'... 'Are you sure?'... 'Yeah, I'm Positive!'
----
The one thing I can't stand is intolerant people!
----
Old programmers never die. . . they just can't C as well.
----
World Shortest 'Bar' joke: A guy walks into a bar... OUCH! he says...
----
Who are you going to believe, me or your own eyes?
----
Never judge a man 'til you have walked a mile in his shoes, because by then, he's a mile away, you've got his shoes, and you can say whatever the hell you want to.
----
The problem with troubleshooting is that real trouble shoots back.
----
How much wood would a woochuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood?
----
These are the roots of rhythm: boom, de boom, de-boom, ding-dong, ooh! [Leila ~Gallagher-Breen]
----
These are the roots of music: boom-chicky-chicky boom, meow, meow, baddom, baddom, ding-aling-a-long, chicky-boom! [Leila ~Gallagher-Breen]
----
Classified ad (in Physics Quarterly): Got Mole problems? Call Avagadro Exterminators: 602-1023
----
He who laughs last thinks slowest
----
Would a fly without wings be called a walk?
----
The winner of the World's Worst Analogy contest: 'The little boat glided across the water in exactly the way a bowling ball wouldn't.'
----
From the 'say what?!?' files: We are ready for any unforeseen event that may or may not occur. [Dan Quayle 9/22/90]
----
I believe you should live each day as if it is your last, which is why I don't have any clean laundry because, come on, who wants to wash clothes on the last day of their life? [Jack Handy]
----
PRINTER - A device consisting of three main parts: the case, the jammed paper tray, and the blinking red light.
----
Dilbert's Laws of Work: The more crap you put up with, the more crap you are going to get.
----
Q: Why'd the electron cross the road? A: 'Cause he was already on the other side...
----
When the going gets tough, remember STRESSED spelled backwards is DESSERTS.
----
Foobar... baz. Mumble: frotz, gronk, snork. Snerfle? Natter and gromish!
----
Pentiums melt in your PC, not in your hand.
----
everyone is cute... even me. But in purple... I'm STUNNING!! [Londo Mollari]
----
I always wanted to be somebody, but I should have been more specific. [Lily Tomlin]
----
It's OK to change horses in mid-stream, especially if the first horse can't swim! [Laura Shulman]
----
Work is the curse of the drinking classes. [Oscar Wilde]
----
We have only two things to worry about: That things will never get back to normal, and that they already have.
----
Intelligence is a funny thing: those who don't have it think they do, and those who do are smart enough to know better.
----
Life is hard, Love is strange. Nothing lasts, people change. Dream of a long and wonderful future, but live now.
----
'Can you prove any of the stuff you believe in?', my friend asked. When I said that's not how belief works, he nodded and said that's what he thought but he was just checking to make sure he hadn't missed a key point.
----
Life ... It's a good place to be!
----
Do not follow where the path may lead. Go, instead, where there is no path, and leave a trail.
----
History is made at night... character is what you are in the dark. [Dr. Emilio Lizardo, aka Lord John Worfin]
----
You can't always get what you want... but if you try sometimes, you just may find, that you get what you need. [The Rolling Stones]
----
The only man who behaved sensibly was my tailor; he took my measurement anew every time he saw me, while all the rest went on with their old measurements and expected them to fit me. [George Bernard Shaw]
----
In matters of style, swim with the current: in matters of principle, stand like a rock. [Thomas Jefferson]
----
Great things are not done by impulse, but by a series of small things brought together. [Vincent van Gogh]
----
'I think there is a world market for maybe five computers.' [Thomas Watson, chairman of IBM, 1943]
----
We have to live today by what truth we can get today, and be ready tomorrow to call it falsehood. [William James]
----
There are two ways of spreading light: to be the candle or the mirror that reflects it. [Edith Wharton]
----
Talent develops in tranquility, character in the full current of human life. [Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832)]
----
Our firmest convictions are apt to be the most suspect; they mark our limitations and our bounds. Life is a petty thing unless it is moved by the indomitable urge to extend its boundaries. [Jose Ortega y Gasset]
----
It takes courage to grow up and turn out to be who you really are. [e e cummings (1894-1962)]
----
If we knew what it was we were doing, it would not be called research, would it? [Albert Einstein]
----
To invent, you need a good imagination and a pile of junk. [Thomas Edison]
----
Dare to be naive. [R. Buckminster Fuller]
----
Quiet minds cannot be perplexed or frightened, but go on in fortune or misfortune at their own private pace, like a clock during a thunderstorm. [Robert Louis Stevenson]
----
In the struggle between yourself and the world, second the world. [Franz Kafka]
----
Every man's condition is a solution in hieroglyph to those inquiries he would put. He acts it as life before he apprehends it as truth. [Ralph Waldo Emerson]
----
One can remain alive...if one is unafraid of change, insatiable in intellectual curiosity, interested in big things, and happy in small ways. [Edith Wharton]
----
a rock is like space because it doesnt move; and space is like a rock because it is empty. words are buddhas. [Jack Kerouac]
----
The whole problem with the world is that fools and fanatics are always so certain of themselves, and wiser people so full of doubts. [Bertrand Russell]
----
Doubt is not a pleasant state of mind, but certainty is absurd. [Voltaire]
----
Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire. [William Butler Yeats]
----
If you take yourself too seriously, no one else will take you seriously enough... [Eric Shulman]
----
There are only four questions of value in life... What is sacred? Of what is the spirit made? What is worth living for, and what is worth dying for? The answer to each is the same: only love. [Don Juan ~DeMarco]
----
If you are a dreamer, come in. If you are a dreamer, a wisher, a liar, a hope-er, a pray-er, a magic bean buyer... If you're a pretender, come sit by my fire... For we have some flax-golden tales to spin. Come in! Come in! [Shel Silverstein]
----
O money, money, money, I'm not necessarily one of those who think thee holy, But I often stop to wonder how thou canst go out so fast when thou comest in so slowly. [Ogden Nash]
----
There is no progress without struggle. [Frederick Douglass]
----
Before you can do something, you must become something. [Goethe]
----
The man who follows the crowd will usually get no further than the crowd. The man who walks alone is likely to find himself in places no one has ever been. [Alan ~Ashley-Pit]
----
Weep not for the dead for they are but empty cages from which the bird has flown. [Tibetan Book of The Dead]
----
I wish it would dawn upon engineers that, in order to be an engineer, it is not enough to be an engineer. [Jose Ortega y Gasset]
----
Every exit is an entry somewhere. [Tom Stoppard]
----
Wherever we are, it is but a stage on the way to somewhere else, and whatever we do, however well we do it, it is only a preparation to do something else that shall be different. [Robert Louis Stevenson]
----
We judge ourselves by what we feel capable of doing, while others judge us by what we have already done. [Henry Wadsworth Longfellow]
----
All our words are but crumbs that fall down from the feast of the mind. [Kahlil Gibran, "Sand and Foam"]
----
It's a lot harder to find joy than it is to find bread. Feed your soul first, then go shopping. [Eric Shulman]
----
Why do you hasten to remove anything which hurts your eye, while if something affects your soul you postpone the cure until next year? [Horace]
----
Not to know is bad. Not to want to know is worse. Not to hope is unthinkable. Not to care is unforgivable. [Nigerian folk saying]
----
Only half of writing is saying what you mean. The other half is preventing people from reading what they expected you to mean. [James Richardson, 'Ploughshares']
----
There are no shortcuts to anyplace worth going. [Beverly Sills]
----
Somewhere, something incredible is waiting to be known. [Carl Sagan]
----
Courage is the price that Life extracts for granting peace. [Amelia Earhart]
----
Great things are not done by impulse, but by a series of small things brought together. [Vincent van Gogh]
----
Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life. [Confucius]
----
There is only one success - to be able to spend your life in your own way. [Christopher Morley]
----
We choose our joys and sorrows long before we experience them. [Kahlil Gibran]
----
It is all a frame of mind, this enjoyment of living. [Lin Yutang]
----
Work for something because it is good, not just because it stands a chance to succeed. [Vaclav Havel]
----
The easiest way to get what you want is to help others get what they want. [Deepak Chopra]
----
All generalizations are false, including this one. [Bucky Radfish]
----
In science, 'fact' can only mean 'confirmed to such a degree that it would be perverse to withhold provisional assent.' I suppose that apples might start to rise tomorrow, but the possibility does not merit equal time in physics classrooms. [Stephen Jay Gould (1941 - 2002)]
----
Twenty years from now, you will be more disappointed by the things you didn't do, than by the ones you did. So throw off the bowlines. Sail away from the safe harbor. Catch the trade winds in your sails. Explore, dream... [Mark Twain]
----
To live only for some future goal is shallow. It's the sides of the mountain that sustain life, not the top. [Robert M. Pirsig]
----
Nothing is so contagious as enthusiasm; it moves stones, it charms brutes. Enthusiasm is the genius of sincerity, and truth accomplishes no victories without it. [Edward G. E. ~Bulwer-Lytton (1803 - 1873)]
----
The past is but the beginning of a beginning, and all that is and has been is but the twilight of the dawn. [Herbert George Wells]
----
We grow great by dreams. All big men are dreamers. They see things in the soft haze of a spring day or in the red fire of a long winter's evening. Some of us let these great dreams die, but others nourish and protect them; nurse them through bad days till they bring them to the sunshine and light, which comes always to those who sincerely hope that their dreams will come true. [Woodrow Wilson]
----
Be brave enough to live life creatively. The creative is the place where no one else has ever been. You have to leave the city of your comfort and go into the wilderness of your intuition. You can't get there by bus, only by hard work and risk and by not quite knowing what you're doing. What you'll discover will be wonderful. What you'll discover will be yourself. [Alan Alda]
----
If we had no winter, the spring would not be so pleasant; if we did not sometimes taste of adversity, prosperity would not be so welcome.
----
Solitude, if rightly used, becomes not only a privilege but a necessity. Only a superficial soul fears to fraternize with itself.
----
One of the symptoms of an approaching nervous breakdown is the belief that one's work is terribly important.
----
Hope is like a road in the country: there was never a road, but when many people walk on it, the road comes into existence.
----
You can only find truth with logic if you have already found truth without it.
----
Love is always bestowed as a gift - freely, willingly and without expectation. We don't love to be loved; we love to love.
----
Always listen to experts. They'll tell you what can't be done, and why. Then do it.
----
Distance between two hearts is not an obstacle; rather a great reminder of just how strong true love can be.
----
Not everything that can be counted counts, and not everything that counts can be counted.
----
Life's challenges are not supposed to paralyze you, they're supposed to help you discover who you are.
----
Nothing splendid has ever been achieved except by those who dared believe that something inside them was superior to circumstances.
----
Whether you think that you can, or that you can't, you are usually right.
----
The only time you run out of chances is when you stop taking them.
----
Knowledge speaks, but wisdom listens.
----
Too often we give our children answers to remember rather than problems to solve.
----
Books are the shoes with which we tread the footsteps of great minds. A book may lie dormant for fifty years or for two thousand years in a forgotten corner of a library, only to reveal, upon being opened, the marvels or the abysses that it contains, or the line that seems to have been written for me alone. In this respect the writer is not different from any other human being: whatever we say or do can have far-reaching consequences.
----
A people that values its privileges above its principles soon loses both.
----
Treat everyone with politeness, even those who are rude to you. Not because they are nice, but because you are.
----
The ultimate measure of a man is not where he stands in moments of comfort and convenience, but where he stands in times of challenge and controversy. What lies behind us and what lies before us, are only small matters compared to what lies within us.
----
Being in charge of your own reality is a little tougher; it takes a lot of thinking and brutal honesty. [Phil Glatz]
----
There are always going to be amazingly creative people doing wonderful things. [Phil Glatz]
----
The trick is to rise above the symptoms of being aware, and actually BE aware. [Phil Glatz]
----
A revolution is coming - a revolution which will be peaceful if we are wise enough; compassionate if we care enough; successful if we are fortunate enough - but a revolution which is coming whether we will it or not. We can affect its character, we cannot alter its inevitability. [John F. Kennedy]
----
On two occasions I have been asked (by members of Parliament!), 'Pray, Mr. Babbage, if you put into the machine wrong figures, will the right answers come out?' I am not able rightly to apprehend the kind of confusion of ideas that could provoke such a question. [Charles Babbage]
----
/***
|Name|QuoteOfTheDayPlugin|
|Source|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#QuoteOfTheDayPlugin|
|Version|1.1.2|
|Author|Eric Shulman - ELS Design Studios|
|License|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#LegalStatements <<br>>and [[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]|
|~CoreVersion|2.1|
|Type|plugin|
|Requires||
|Overrides||
|Description|Display a randomly selected "quote of the day" from a list defined in a separate tiddler|
!!!!!Usage
<<<
{{{<<QOTD tiddlername noclick norandom delay>>}}}
* ''tiddlername'' is the name of a tiddler containing your list of quotes, each separated by a horizontal line (use {{{----}}} on a line by itself).
* Each time the macro is rendered it will display a different quotation, selected at random from the specified tiddler. To display quotes in the sequence in which they occur in the tiddler, you can use the ''norandom'' keyword.
* By default, clicking on the rendered quote will select and display another random quote. Use the optional ''noclick'' keyword parameter to disable this "onClick" handling.
* The quote can also be refreshed automatically, by specifying a numeric ''delay'' parameter (in milliseconds) which enables a countdown timer. When the mouse is over the quote, the timer is automatically stopped. Moving the mouse away from the quote content restarts the timer.
<<<
!!!!!Example
<<<
{{{<<QOTD Quotations 10000>>}}}
<<QOTD Quotations 10000>>
{{{<<QOTD SiteNews norandom 10000>>}}}
<<QOTD SiteNews norandom 10000>>
<<<
!!!!!Installation
<<<
import (or copy/paste) the following tiddlers into your document:
''QuoteOfTheDayPlugin'' (tagged with <<tag systemConfig>>)
^^documentation and javascript for QuoteOfTheDay handling^^
<<<
!!!!!Revision History
<<<
''2007.04.16 [1.1.2]'' code cleanup
''2007.04.16 [1.1.1]'' onClick handling now supports sequential as well as random order
''2007.04.14 [1.1.0]'' added onClick handling for selecting and display a new random quote
''2005.10.21 [1.0.0]'' Initial Release
<<<
!!!!!Credits
<<<
This feature was developed by EricShulman from [[ELS Design Studios|http:/www.elsdesign.com]].
Based on a suggestion by M.Russula
<<<
!!!!!Code
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.QOTD = {major: 1, minor: 1, revision: 2, date: new Date(2007,4,16)};
config.macros.QOTD = {
handler:
function(place,macroName,params) {
var tid=params.shift();
var p=params.shift();
var click=true;
var random=true;
while (p) {
if (p.toLowerCase()=="noclick") var click=false;
if (p.toLowerCase()=="norandom") var random=false;
if (!isNaN(p)) var delay=p;
p=params.shift();
}
var here=createTiddlyElement(place,click?"a":"span",null,"QOTD");
here.id=(new Date()).convertToYYYYMMDDHHMMSSMMM()+Math.random().toString(); // unique ID
here.setAttribute("tid",tid);
here.setAttribute("delay",delay);
here.setAttribute("random",random);
if (click) {
here.setAttribute("href","javascript:;");
here.onclick=function(event)
{ config.macros.QOTD.showNextItem(this,this.getAttribute("tid")); }
}
here.setAttribute("nextItem",0);
config.macros.QOTD.showNextItem(here,tid);
if (delay) {
here.onmouseover=function(event)
{ clearTimeout(this.ticker); };
here.onmouseout=function(event)
{ this.ticker=setTimeout("config.macros.QOTD.tick('"+this.id+"')",this.getAttribute("delay")); };
here.ticker=setTimeout("config.macros.QOTD.tick('"+here.id+"')",delay);
}
},
tick: function(id) {
var here=document.getElementById(id); if (!here) return;
config.macros.QOTD.showNextItem(here,here.getAttribute("tid"));
here.ticker=setTimeout("config.macros.QOTD.tick('"+id+"')",here.getAttribute("delay"));
},
showNextItem:
function (here,tid) {
var txt=store.getTiddlerText(tid); if (!txt) return;
var items=txt.split("\n----\n");
var index=here.getAttribute("nextItem");
if (here.getAttribute("random")=="true") index=Math.floor(Math.random()*items.length);
removeChildren(here); wikify(items[index],here);
index++; if (index==items.length) index=0;
here.setAttribute("nextItem",index);
}
}
//}}}
''Marriage is the triumph of imagination over intelligence. A second marriage is the triumph of hope over experience.''
Source: [[Oscar Wilde quotes|http://quotes4all.net/quotations/oscar%20wilde/quote_731.html]]
----
''Bigamy is having one wife too many. Monogamy is the same.''
Source: [[Oscar Wilde quotes|http://quotes4all.net/quotations/oscar%20wilde/quote_963.html]]
----
''Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live forever.''
Mahatma Gandhi
----
''Always forgive your enemies - nothing annoys them so much.''
Oscar Wilde.
----
''A great writer reveals the truth even when he or she does not wish to.''
Tom Bissell
----
"An eye for an eye only ends up making the whole world blind."-Ghandi
----
''To announce that there must be no criticism of the President, or that we are to stand by the President, right or wrong, is not only unpatriotic and servile, but is morally treasonable to the American public.''
Theodore Roosevelt
----
''Disobedience, in the eyes of anyone who has read history, is man's original virtue. It is through disobedience that progress has been made, through disobedience and through rebellion. Sometimes the poor are praised for being thrifty. But to recommend thrift to the poor is both grotesque and insulting. It is like advising a man who is starving to eat less. For a town or country labourer to practise thrift would be absolutely immoral. Man should not be ready to show that he can live like a badly fed animal. Agitators are a set of interfering, meddling people, who come down to some perfectly contented class of the community, and sow the seeds of discontent amongst them. That is the reason why agitators are so absolutely necessary. Without them, in our incomplete state, there would be no advance towards civilization.''
Oscar Wilde, The Soul of Man Under Socialism (1891)
----
''In old days men had the rack. Now they have the press. That is an improvement certainly. But still it is very bad, wrong, and demoralizing. Somebody - was it Burke? - called journalism the fourth estate. That was true at the time, no doubt. But at the present moment it really is the only estate. It has eaten up the other three. The Lords Temporal say nothing, the Lords Spiritual have nothing to say, and the House of Commons has nothing to say and says it. We are dominated by Journalism.''
Oscar Wilde, The Soul of Man Under Socialism (1891)
----
"The aim of life is self-development. To realize one's nature perfectly - that is what each of us is here for."
----
"First learn the meaning of what you say, and then speak."
----
!Some sources
http://quotes4all.net/
<<forEachTiddler
where
'tiddler.tags.containsAny(["*quotes","jokes","Humour",])'
>>
/***
|''Name:''|RSSReaderPlugin|
|''Description:''|This plugin provides a RSSReader for TiddlyWiki|
|''Version:''|1.1.2|
|''Date:''|2008-09-02|
|''Source:''|http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/#RSSReaderPlugin|
|''Documentation:''|http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/#RSSReaderPluginDoc|
|''Author:''|BidiX (BidiX (at) bidix (dot) info)|
|''Credit:''|BramChen for RssNewsMacro|
|''[[License]]:''|[[BSD open source license|http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/#%5B%5BBSD%20open%20source%20license%5D%5D ]]|
|''~CoreVersion:''|2.2.0|
|''OptionalRequires:''|http://www.tiddlytools.com/#NestedSlidersPlugin|
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.RSSReaderPlugin = {
major: 1, minor: 1, revision: 2,
date: new Date("2008-09-02"),
source: "http://TiddlyWiki.bidix.info/#RSSReaderPlugin",
author: "BidiX",
coreVersion: '2.2.0'
};
config.macros.rssReader = {
dateFormat: "DDD, DD MMM YYYY",
itemStyle: "display: block;border: 1px solid black;padding: 5px;margin: 5px;", //useed '@@'+itemStyle+itemText+'@@'
msg:{
permissionDenied: "Permission to read preferences was denied.",
noRSSFeed: "No RSS Feed at this address %0",
urlNotAccessible: " Access to %0 is not allowed"
},
cache: [], // url => XMLHttpRequest.responseXML
desc: "noDesc",
handler: function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
var desc = params[0];
var feedURL = params[1];
var toFilter = (params[2] ? true : false);
var filterString = (toFilter?(params[2].substr(0,1) == ' '? tiddler.title:params[2]):'');
var place = createTiddlyElement(place, "div", "RSSReader");
wikify("^^<<rssFeedUpdate "+feedURL+" [[" + tiddler.title + "]]>>^^\n",place);
if (this.cache[feedURL]) {
this.displayRssFeed(this.cache[feedURL], feedURL, place, desc, toFilter, filterString);
}
else {
var r = loadRemoteFile(feedURL,config.macros.rssReader.processResponse, [place, desc, toFilter, filterString]);
if (typeof r == "string")
displayMessage(r);
}
},
// callback for loadRemoteFile
// params : [place, desc, toFilter, filterString]
processResponse: function(status, params, responseText, url, xhr) { // feedURL, place, desc, toFilter, filterString) {
if (window.netscape){
try {
if (document.location.protocol.indexOf("http") == -1) {
netscape.security.PrivilegeManager.enablePrivilege("UniversalBrowserRead");
}
}
catch (e) { displayMessage(e.description?e.description:e.toString()); }
}
if (xhr.status == 404)
{
displayMessage(config.macros.rssReader.noRSSFeed.format([url]));
return;
}
if (!status)
{
displayMessage(config.macros.rssReader.noRSSFeed.format([url]));
return;
}
if (xhr.responseXML) {
// response is interpreted as XML
config.macros.rssReader.cache[url] = xhr.responseXML;
config.macros.rssReader.displayRssFeed(xhr.responseXML, params[0], url, params[1], params[2], params[3]);
}
else {
if (responseText.substr(0,5) == "<?xml") {
// response exists but not return as XML -> try to parse it
var dom = (new DOMParser()).parseFromString(responseText, "text/xml");
if (dom) {
// parsing successful so use it
config.macros.rssReader.cache[url] = dom;
config.macros.rssReader.displayRssFeed(dom, params[0], url, params[1], params[2], params[3]);
return;
}
}
// no XML display as html
wikify("<html>" + responseText + "</html>", params[0]);
displayMessage(config.macros.rssReader.msg.noRSSFeed.format([url]));
}
},
// explore down the DOM tree
displayRssFeed: function(xml, place, feedURL, desc, toFilter, filterString){
// Channel
var chanelNode = xml.getElementsByTagName('channel').item(0);
var chanelTitleElement = (chanelNode ? chanelNode.getElementsByTagName('title').item(0) : null);
var chanelTitle = "";
if ((chanelTitleElement) && (chanelTitleElement.firstChild))
chanelTitle = chanelTitleElement.firstChild.nodeValue;
var chanelLinkElement = (chanelNode ? chanelNode.getElementsByTagName('link').item(0) : null);
var chanelLink = "";
if (chanelLinkElement)
chanelLink = chanelLinkElement.firstChild.nodeValue;
var titleTxt = "!![["+chanelTitle+"|"+chanelLink+"]]\n";
var title = createTiddlyElement(place,"div",null,"ChanelTitle",null);
wikify(titleTxt,title);
// ItemList
var itemList = xml.getElementsByTagName('item');
var article = createTiddlyElement(place,"ul",null,null,null);
var lastDate;
var re;
if (toFilter)
re = new RegExp(filterString.escapeRegExp());
for (var i=0; i<itemList.length; i++){
var titleElm = itemList[i].getElementsByTagName('title').item(0);
var titleText = (titleElm ? titleElm.firstChild.nodeValue : '');
if (toFilter && ! titleText.match(re)) {
continue;
}
var descText = '';
descElem = itemList[i].getElementsByTagName('description').item(0);
if (descElem){
try{
for (var ii=0; ii<descElem.childNodes.length; ii++) {
descText += descElem.childNodes[ii].nodeValue;
}
}
catch(e){}
descText = descText.replace(/<br \/>/g,'\n');
if (desc == "asHtml")
descText = "<html>"+descText+"</html>";
}
var linkElm = itemList[i].getElementsByTagName("link").item(0);
var linkURL = linkElm.firstChild.nodeValue;
var pubElm = itemList[i].getElementsByTagName('pubDate').item(0);
var pubDate;
if (!pubElm) {
pubElm = itemList[i].getElementsByTagName('date').item(0); // for del.icio.us
if (pubElm) {
pubDate = pubElm.firstChild.nodeValue;
pubDate = this.formatDateString(this.dateFormat, pubDate);
}
else {
pubDate = '0';
}
}
else {
pubDate = (pubElm ? pubElm.firstChild.nodeValue : 0);
pubDate = this.formatDate(this.dateFormat, pubDate);
}
titleText = titleText.replace(/\[|\]/g,'');
var rssText = '*'+'[[' + titleText + '|' + linkURL + ']]' + '' ;
if ((desc != "noDesc") && descText){
rssText = rssText.replace(/\n/g,' ');
descText = '@@'+this.itemStyle+descText + '@@\n';
if (version.extensions.nestedSliders){
descText = '+++[...]' + descText + '===';
}
rssText = rssText + descText;
}
var story;
if ((lastDate != pubDate) && ( pubDate != '0')) {
story = createTiddlyElement(article,"li",null,"RSSItem",pubDate);
lastDate = pubDate;
}
else {
lastDate = pubDate;
}
story = createTiddlyElement(article,"div",null,"RSSItem",null);
wikify(rssText,story);
}
},
formatDate: function(template, date){
var dateString = new Date(date);
// template = template.replace(/hh|mm|ss/g,'');
return dateString.formatString(template);
},
formatDateString: function(template, date){
var dateString = new Date(date.substr(0,4), date.substr(5,2) - 1, date.substr(8,2)
);
return dateString.formatString(template);
}
};
config.macros.rssFeedUpdate = {
label: "Update",
prompt: "Clear the cache and redisplay this RssFeed",
handler: function(place,macroName,params) {
var feedURL = params[0];
var tiddlerTitle = params[1];
createTiddlyButton(place, this.label, this.prompt,
function () {
if (config.macros.rssReader.cache[feedURL]) {
config.macros.rssReader.cache[feedURL] = null;
}
story.refreshTiddler(tiddlerTitle,null, true);
return false;});
}
};
//}}}
Radiofrequency (RF) is novel nonablative technology originally used to target photodamage. It differs from lasers in that it uses an electric current rather than a light source. It is frequently used in dermatology to treat skin laxity, rhytides, acne vulgaris and scarring, and cellulite.
The prolific novelist and short story writer Michele Roberts is on sparkling form with her ludic 11th novel. For readers who may have discovered her work through Daughters of the House, which was shortlisted for the Booker Prize, or perhaps her later novels Impossible Saints or The Mistressclass, this new one will provide a familiar list of ingredients: a woman searching for her identity, food, sex, the lore and legacy of the Catholic Church. This time, however, they have been re-confected into a different mould.
Roberts is in playful mood. If being a professor of creative writing on the prestigious University of East Anglia course might be expected to make her solemnly explanatory, nothing could be further from this lightly whipped-up caprice. Roberts loves a reader-tease. The book is a mystery, of a sort - although it seems to start as a romance. It has a twist in its tale - which it would of course be churlish of a reviewer to reveal - but before that final twist comes another (which the reader thinks is the final one), and before that another, like a set of boxes. It seems to be light as air, almost inconsequential; it is in fact very clever.
If the plot is constructed like a set of magic boxes, that is appropriate to the setting.
As a credit in her acknowledgements tells us, Roberts has constructed a fantastical Italian city, a capriccio of the sort beloved of Italian artists of the Renaissance, and makes this setting half realistic - imbued with the smells, noises, clothes, food of Roberts’ characteristically rich sensual descriptions - and half magical.
Her heroine, called Dawn by her tiresome stepmother Maude but Aurora by the more romantically inclined Italians, has the misfortune (or the carelessness) to have lost three husbands. Each of the three died a tragic early death, each after a short and less than satisfactory marriage. Each gave Dawn/Aurora a different identity and a different life. Long-haired Tom was the first, and his succession by the fastidious art historian Cecil made Aurora change quickly from a freewheeling hippy into a careful elegant wife who gave smart dinner parties and never dropped her clothes on the floor. Cecil may have caused her to appreciate symmetries, in life as in art, but after he sadly fell off a balcony into the Grand Canal in Venice she teamed up with Hugh, a tax inspector who liked floral wallpaper and a comfy three-piece suite.
If this already sounds more farce than tragedy, then that is Roberts’ intention. As the book opens, Aurora is newly widowed for the third time, but her mourning is more for her long-dead mother than for the recently departed tax inspector. The power of this book lies in the way that a frothy surface is pierced, suddenly and movingly, by a shaft of something much deeper. “My mother might have loved books,” Roberts’ heroine reminisces, “but she herself was like a notebook with most of its pages torn out. People had used them for scribbling lists, or adding up bills, or to make spills for lighting pipes, or the gas. For me she was a paper Ark. How dare she sink when I could barely swim?”
Now unencumbered by husbands, Aurora leaves for Italy, to source supplies for the London deli she runs and to visit her old friend Leonora, who after a colourful past has taken to the quiet of the monastic life and is now Abbess of an Italian convent. So, with a pistol hidden in the canister containing the ashes of one husband or another, Aurora steps into the capriccio, into “air scented with melons and apricots and tomatoes”, and into a plot that contains a foxtrotting Jungian priest with suspiciously elegant socks, a convent in which 17th-century altar cloths are used for dining al fresco as a crew-cut nun in tux and sparkly bow tie serves bellinis from the cloister well, a museum that is robbed by a ghost and a gay man who turns out to be - well, not gay, but not husband material either.
Roberts is wonderfully funny about the Catholic church. This and her other novels show her to be deeply steeped in its history and arcana, and she has a way of poking fun at its modern contradictions that seems - paradoxically - to underline its importance rather than negating it. So she can give us a sparkling little cameo of a combat-trousered, spike-haired teenage Rosamaria, dancing around the convent with her bleeding stigmata - which only appear at weekends because “God doesn’t want them to interfere with my homework during the week” - and that turn out to be stick-ons from the local joke shop. Rosamaria is writing it all up for her cultural studies project.
There are a few false notes in this harmonious whole - principally Aurora’s slightly ponderous habit of invoking heroines from classic novels, complete with author, title and context, just in case we cloth-eared readers aren’t attuned to the reference. These are rare leaden moments, though, in a story that is otherwise nimble on its feet, and plays cleverly with form and expectations, cliche and counter-cliche. It also shows how emotional truths can be delivered in all sorts of packages.
Review: Cultural studies
By Julia Sutherland
Published: January 9 2005 16:22 | Last updated: January 9 2005 16:22
Reader, I Married Him
by Michele Roberts
Little, Brown £14.99, 229 pages
!Information
http://www.readingtourism.org.uk/
http://www.virtualtourist.com/travel/Europe/United_Kingdom/England/Berkshire/Reading-306576/TravelGuide-Reading.html
!Accommodation
http://reading.gumtree.com/reading/reading-short-term-flatshare_2704_1.html
[[Rent a house]]
When we assess patients with low vision, we often recommend the use of lamps with daylight-balanced fluorescent bulbs, ie ones that give off light the same colour balance as daylight."
//{{{
Story.prototype.rearrangeTiddlersHijack_refreshTiddler = Story.prototype.refreshTiddler;
Story.prototype.refreshTiddler = function(title,template,unused1,unused2,unused3,unused4,unused5)
{
this.rearrangeTiddlersHijack_refreshTiddler(title,template,unused1,unused2,unused3,unused4,unused5);
var theTiddler = document.getElementById(this.idPrefix + title); if (!theTiddler) return;
var theHandle;
var children=theTiddler.getElementsByTagName("*");
for (var i=0; i<children.length; i++) if (hasClass(children[i],"title")) { theHandle=children[i]; break; }
if (!theHandle) return theTiddler;
Drag.init(theHandle, theTiddler, 0, 0, null, null);
theHandle.style.cursor="move";
theHandle.title="drag title to re-arrange tiddlers"
theTiddler.onDrag = function(x,y,myElem) {
if (this.style.position!="relative")
{ this.savedstyle=this.style.position; this.style.position="relative"; }
y = myElem.offsetTop;
var next = myElem.nextSibling;
var prev = myElem.previousSibling;
if (next && y + myElem.offsetHeight > next.offsetTop + next.offsetHeight/2) {
myElem.parentNode.removeChild(myElem);
next.parentNode.insertBefore(myElem, next.nextSibling);//elems[pos+1]);
myElem.style["top"] = -next.offsetHeight/2+"px";
}
if (prev && y < prev.offsetTop + prev.offsetHeight/2) {
myElem.parentNode.removeChild(myElem);
prev.parentNode.insertBefore(myElem, prev);
myElem.style["top"] = prev.offsetHeight/2+"px";
}
};
theTiddler.onDragEnd = function(x,y,myElem) {
myElem.style["top"] = "0px";
if (this.savedstyle!=undefined)
this.style.position=this.savedstyle;
}
return theTiddler;
}
/**************************************************
* dom-drag.js
* 09.25.2001
* www.youngpup.net
**************************************************
* 10.28.2001 - fixed minor bug where events
* sometimes fired off the handle, not the root.
**************************************************/
var Drag = {
obj:null,
init:
function(o, oRoot, minX, maxX, minY, maxY) {
o.onmousedown = Drag.start;
o.root = oRoot && oRoot != null ? oRoot : o ;
if (isNaN(parseInt(o.root.style.left))) o.root.style.left="0px";
if (isNaN(parseInt(o.root.style.top))) o.root.style.top="0px";
o.minX = typeof minX != 'undefined' ? minX : null;
o.minY = typeof minY != 'undefined' ? minY : null;
o.maxX = typeof maxX != 'undefined' ? maxX : null;
o.maxY = typeof maxY != 'undefined' ? maxY : null;
o.root.onDragStart = new Function();
o.root.onDragEnd = new Function();
o.root.onDrag = new Function();
},
start:
function(e) {
var o = Drag.obj = this;
e = Drag.fixE(e);
var y = parseInt(o.root.style.top);
var x = parseInt(o.root.style.left);
o.root.onDragStart(x, y, Drag.obj.root);
o.lastMouseX = e.clientX;
o.lastMouseY = e.clientY;
if (o.minX != null) o.minMouseX = e.clientX - x + o.minX;
if (o.maxX != null) o.maxMouseX = o.minMouseX + o.maxX - o.minX;
if (o.minY != null) o.minMouseY = e.clientY - y + o.minY;
if (o.maxY != null) o.maxMouseY = o.minMouseY + o.maxY - o.minY;
document.onmousemove = Drag.drag;
document.onmouseup = Drag.end;
Drag.obj.root.style["z-index"] = "10";
return false;
},
drag:
function(e) {
e = Drag.fixE(e);
var o = Drag.obj;
var ey = e.clientY;
var ex = e.clientX;
var y = parseInt(o.root.style.top);
var x = parseInt(o.root.style.left);
var nx, ny;
if (o.minX != null) ex = Math.max(ex, o.minMouseX);
if (o.maxX != null) ex = Math.min(ex, o.maxMouseX);
if (o.minY != null) ey = Math.max(ey, o.minMouseY);
if (o.maxY != null) ey = Math.min(ey, o.maxMouseY);
nx = x + (ex - o.lastMouseX);
ny = y + (ey - o.lastMouseY);
Drag.obj.root.style["left"] = nx + "px";
Drag.obj.root.style["top"] = ny + "px";
Drag.obj.lastMouseX = ex;
Drag.obj.lastMouseY = ey;
Drag.obj.root.onDrag(nx, ny, Drag.obj.root);
return false;
},
end:
function() {
document.onmousemove = null;
document.onmouseup = null;
Drag.obj.root.style["z-index"] = "0";
Drag.obj.root.onDragEnd(parseInt(Drag.obj.root.style["left"]), parseInt(Drag.obj.root.style["top"]), Drag.obj.root);
Drag.obj = null;
},
fixE:
function(e) {
if (typeof e == 'undefined') e = window.event;
if (typeof e.layerX == 'undefined') e.layerX = e.offsetX;
if (typeof e.layerY == 'undefined') e.layerY = e.offsetY;
return e;
}
};
//}}}
A rebounder or trampette is a mini trampoline that uses the zero gravity effect created by bouncing to stimulate cell cleansing and fat metabolisation.
!Rebounder routines
There are generally four basic categories of bounces to get the most out of this mini trampoline exercise:needak rebounder
The health bounce
The aerobic bounce
The strength bounce
The sitting bounce
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4az_HiPKbhA
!!Ingredients
4 thick slices of sourdough or lightly fruited wholemeal loaf
4 tbsp fruit chutney (I used apple)
!!!for the rarebit mixture:
30g butter
50ml ale or cider
1 tsp mustard
175g coarsely grated Leicester cheese
----
Toast the bread lightly on both sides. Spread with the apple chutney. Melt the butter in a small, heavy-based saucepan. Pour in the ale or cider then stir in the mustard. Grate the cheese into the pan and let it soften without letting the mixture boil. Let the sauce cool very slightly (it will thicken enough to spoon) then spoon over the toasts and grill till the cheese has caught and browned in patches. A little crust blackening is fine.
----
I ate this two ways this week. Firstly with some crisp, rough-skinned Egremont Russet apples, and secondly on a bed of lightly cooked Savoy cabbage - the latter being a delicious contrast to the soft, molton cheese and its underbelly of apple chutney.
Newspaper archives at Newcastle Libraries - https://www.rbdigital.com/newcastleupontyne
http://www.answerbag.com/
http://www.wonderhowto.com
http://www.wikihow.com/Main-Page
http://www.slideshare.net/?ss - Powerpoint type slideshares on everything
----
+++[Wiki projects]
<html>
<body>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td width="33%"><strong><a href="http://commons.wikimedia.org/" title="http://commons.wikimedia.org/" rel="nofollow">Commons</a></strong><br />
Free media repository</td>
<td width="33%"><strong><a href="http://en.wikinews.org/" title="http://en.wikinews.org/" rel="nofollow">Wikinews</a></strong><br />
Free-content news</td>
<td width="33%"><strong><a href="http://en.wiktionary.org/" title="http://en.wiktionary.org/" rel="nofollow">Wiktionary</a></strong><br />
Dictionary and thesaurus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong><a href="http://en.wikiquote.org/" title="http://en.wikiquote.org/" rel="nofollow">Wikiquote</a></strong><br />
Collection of quotations</td>
<td><strong><a href="http://en.wikibooks.org/" title="http://en.wikibooks.org/" rel="nofollow">Wikibooks</a></strong><br />
Free textbooks and manuals</td>
<td><strong><a href="http://en.wikisource.org/" title="http://en.wikisource.org/" rel="nofollow">Wikisource</a></strong><br />
Free-content library</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong><a href="http://species.wikimedia.org/" title="http://species.wikimedia.org/" rel="nofollow">Wikispecies</a></strong><br />
Directory of species</td>
<td><strong><a href="http://en.wikiversity.org/" title="http://en.wikiversity.org/" rel="nofollow">Wikiversity</a></strong><br />
Free learning materials and activities</td>
<td><strong><a href="http://meta.wikimedia.org/" title="http://meta.wikimedia.org/" rel="nofollow">Meta-Wiki</a></strong><br />
Wikimedia project coordination</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
===
+++[BBC]
http://www.bbc.co.uk/nationonfilm/
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/
===
+++^[Biblical]
[source: http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08193a.htm]
Israelites
The word designates the descendants of the Patriarch Jacob, or Israel. It corresponds to the Hebrew appellation "children of Israel", a name by which -- together with the simple form "Israel" -- the chosen people usually called themselves in Old-Testament times. Foreigners and Israelites speaking of themselves to foreigners used the term "Hebrews", commonly explained as denoting those who have come from "the other side" of the river (the Euphrates). Another synonym for Israelites is the term Jews (Ioudaioi), especially used by classical authors, but also often found in Josephus <http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08522a.htm> and in the New-Testament writings. The object of the present article is distinctly geographical and ethnographical, leaving, as far as possible, the other topics connected with the Israelites to be dealt with in the article on JEWS AND JUDAISM, or in particular articles on the leading personages or events in Israel's history.
----
[source: http://www.pantheon.org/articles/m/moloch.html]
"King". The sun god of the Canaanites (Ammonites?) in old Palestine and sometimes associated with the Sumerian Baal </articles/b/baal.html>, although Moloch (or Molekh) was entirely malevolent. In the 8th-6th century BCE, firstborn children were sacrificed to him by the Israelites in the Valleye of Hinnom, south-east of Jerusalem (see also Gehenna </articles/g/gehenna.html>). These sacrifices to the sun god were made to renew the strength of the sun fire. This ritual was probably borrowed from surrounding nations, and was also popular in ancient Carthage.
Moloch was represented as a huge bronze statue with the head of a bull. The statue was hollow, and inside there burned a fire which colored the Moloch a glowing red. Children were placed on the hands of the statue. Through an ingenious system the hands were raised to the mouth (as if Moloch were eating) and the children fell into the fire where they were consumed by the flames. The people gathered before the Moloch were dancing on the sounds of flutes and tambourines to drown out the screams of the victims.
According to some sources, the Moloch in the Old Testament is not a god, but a specific form of sacrifice.
===
+++^[Ebooks]
|Project Gutenberg| http://www.gutenberg.org/catalog|
|Memoware| http://www.memoware.com|
|Handstory| http://www.handstory.com/ebook|
|Bookrags| http://www.bookrags.com/pda/pda.htm|
|Classics| http://freeclassicbooks.donyell.net|
|Bartlbey|http://www.bartleby.com/|
===
+++^[Encyclopedias]
http://en2.wikipedia.org/
http://uk.encarta.msn.com/
http://www.bartleby.com/
===
+++[Archives and Maps]
|7 Wonders of the World|http://www.crystalinks.com/seven.html|
|National Archives|http://nationalarchives.gov.uk/|
|The Internet Archive|http://www.archive.org|
||http://www.stockfootageonline.com|
!General coverage
http://www.historyplace.com - Some great photos
http://www.channel4.com/history/
http://www.fsmitha.com/index.html
http://www.fsmitha.com/maps.html#h2 - great maps
!!The Berlin Wall
http://www.wall-berlin.org/gb/berlin.htm
===
+++[Film and foto archives]
[[National Film Board of Canada|http://www.nfb.ca/]]
http://www.bbc.co.uk/archive/
http://www.archive.org/
http://digitalgallery.nypl.org/nypldigital/index.cfm
===
----
|Art cyclopedia|http://www.artcyclopedia.com/index.htm|
|BBC Education|http://www.bbc.co.uk/education|
|Discovery Channel|http://www.discovery.com/|
|How Stuff Works|http://www.howstuffworks.com/|
|Information Please|http://www.infoplease.com/|
|Letsfindout.com|http://www.letsfindout.com/|
|Map of universites & FE in UK|http://www.scit.wlv.ac.uk/ukinfo/index.php|
|National Geographic|http://www.nationalgeographic.com/|
|New Scientist|http://www.newscientist.co.uk|
|The Open University|http://www.open.ac.uk/|
|The Skeptic's Dictionary|http://skepdic.com/|
----
http://dmoz.org/Arts/Writers_Resources/
http://www.galegroup.com/free_resources/glossary/index.htm
http://www.newi.ac.uk/englishresources/ks4/media.html
http://www.online-literature.com/
http://www.bibliomania.com/0/0/32/70/19625/1/frameset.html
----
http://www.mind-mapping.co.uk/mind-maps-examples.htm
----
Pookmaul disposable email address
http://pookmail.com/
webmaster @pookmail
http://www.streetatlas.co.uk/
/***
| Name:|RenameTagsPlugin|
| Description:|Allows you to easily rename or delete tags across multiple tiddlers|
| Version:|3.0 ($Rev: 1845 $)|
| Date:|$Date: 2007-03-16 15:19:22 +1000 (Fri, 16 Mar 2007) $|
| Source:|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#RenameTagsPlugin|
| Author:|Simon Baird <simon.baird@gmail.com>|
| License|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#TheBSDLicense|
Rename a tag and you will be prompted to rename it in all its tagged tiddlers.
***/
//{{{
config.renameTags = {
prompts: {
rename: "Rename the tag '%0' to '%1' in %2 tidder%3?",
remove: "Remove the tag '%0' from %1 tidder%2?"
},
removeTag: function(tag,tiddlers) {
store.suspendNotifications();
for (var i=0;i<tiddlers.length;i++) {
store.setTiddlerTag(tiddlers[i].title,false,tag);
}
store.resumeNotifications();
store.notifyAll();
},
renameTag: function(oldTag,newTag,tiddlers) {
store.suspendNotifications();
for (var i=0;i<tiddlers.length;i++) {
store.setTiddlerTag(tiddlers[i].title,false,oldTag); // remove old
store.setTiddlerTag(tiddlers[i].title,true,newTag); // add new
}
store.resumeNotifications();
store.notifyAll();
},
storeMethods: {
saveTiddler_orig_renameTags: TiddlyWiki.prototype.saveTiddler,
saveTiddler: function(title,newTitle,newBody,modifier,modified,tags,fields) {
if (title != newTitle) {
var tagged = this.getTaggedTiddlers(title);
if (tagged.length > 0) {
// then we are renaming a tag
if (confirm(config.renameTags.prompts.rename.format([title,newTitle,tagged.length,tagged.length>1?"s":""])))
config.renameTags.renameTag(title,newTitle,tagged);
if (!this.tiddlerExists(title) && newBody == "")
// dont create unwanted tiddler
return null;
}
}
return this.saveTiddler_orig_renameTags(title,newTitle,newBody,modifier,modified,tags,fields);
},
removeTiddler_orig_renameTags: TiddlyWiki.prototype.removeTiddler,
removeTiddler: function(title) {
var tagged = this.getTaggedTiddlers(title);
if (tagged.length > 0)
if (confirm(config.renameTags.prompts.remove.format([title,tagged.length,tagged.length>1?"s":""])))
config.renameTags.removeTag(title,tagged);
return this.removeTiddler_orig_renameTags(title);
}
},
init: function() {
merge(TiddlyWiki.prototype,this.storeMethods);
}
}
config.renameTags.init();
//}}}
http://www1.flatmateclick.co.uk
http://uk.easyroommate.com - seems to be the same as flatmateclick
http://www.clickflatshare.co.uk
http://www.spareroom.co.uk (registered)and http://www.flatshare.com and (registered) - same thing
http://uk.roomster.net/
!Short term
!Letting agents
http://www.accessplace.com/letting-agent/
!Rear wheel
https://youtu.be/1wEsQz6pcc0
http://youtu.be/y8J_cHEu75A
!Cylinder
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xH_aMD1o4J8
!Mortise
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IIPyqtOmprE
<html><body>
<embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" src="http://picasaweb.google.com/s/c/bin/slideshow.swf" width="600" height="400" flashvars="host=picasaweb.google.com&hl=en_GB&feat=flashalbum&RGB=0x000000&feed=http%3A%2F%2Fpicasaweb.google.com%2Fdata%2Ffeed%2Fapi%2Fuser%2Fkeveen2%2Falbumid%2F5513769968545847969%3Falt%3Drss%26kind%3Dphoto%26hl%3Den_GB" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></embed>
</body></html>
[[Keep Fit]]
----
!Lifeplan
[[Dr. Geoffrey Life|https://www.lef.org/magazine/mag2011/jul2011_A-Strong-Life-at-Any-Age_01.htm]] and his book: [[The Life Plan: How Any Man Can Achieve Lasting Health, Great Sex, and a Stronger, Leaner Body|http://www.amazon.co.uk/Life-Plan-Achieve-Lasting-Stronger/dp/1439194580/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1360184498&sr=1-1]]
*Supplements
Comprehensive multivitamin and mineral supplement
Essential fatty acids
Probiotic supplement
Vitamin D3
CoQ10
Saw palmetto
Lycopene
Milk thistle
Calcium
French maritime pine bark extract
L-arginine
+Whey protein
Self Controlled Energo Neuro Adaptive Regulation
The basic mode of operation is to deliver a “dosage” of electrical stimulation impulses to the body via in-built and/or remote electrodes in direct contact with the skin surface. These impulses have been tailored to mimic the electrical discharges of the nervous system, in order to elicit the organism’s response with optimum efficiency and minimum disruption to cell function, depending upon the unique requirements of the presenting pain disease dynamics (or lack of same). The action is aimed at both the “fast” pain blocking A-fibres and the “slow” pain producing and peptide generating C-fibres.
http://www.miracletherapydevices.co.uk/
!What is SCORM?
The Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) defines a Web-based learning "Content Aggregation Model" and "Run-time Environment" for learning objects. At its simplest, it is a model that references a set of interrelated technical specifications and guidelines designed to meet the following high-level requirements for Web-based learning content:
* Content reusability: SCORM tutorials are aggregations of "Sharable Content Object's" (SCO). A SCO is a single web page or a sequence of web pages containing learning content. SCORM enables the integration of existing SCO's into new tutorials.
* Accessibility: SCORM tutorials are accessible over the web. To run a tutorial the end user needs to have a Browser supporting ECMAScript 1.0 (aka JavaScript 1.0) and frames. Information about the tutorial is available through metadata. All metadate is stored in XML documents.
* Durability: SCORM is based on open Internet standards such as HTML and ECMAScript.
* Interoperability: Interoperability is specified for the metadata, and for the API of SCO's and the runtime environment.
SCORM has been developed by the Advanced Distributed Learning Initiative (ADL). See www.adlnet.org for more information about SCORM.
!Create a SCORM ready template
http://thedesignspace.net/MT2archives/000351.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<title>SITE_TITLE: TIDDLER_TITLE</title>
<meta name="description" content="SITE_SUBTITLE">
<meta name="keywords" content="TIDDLER_KEYWORDS">
<script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript">
location.href = 'TIDDLER_URL';
</script>
<base href="TIDDLER_URL">
</head>
<body>
<noscript>
<a href="TIDDLER_URL">TIDDLER_TITLE</a>
</noscript>
TIDDLER_CONTENT
</body>
</html>
function generateSEOFiles()
{
// last update: 2007-02-14 by Fabrice Proudhon
// http://www.superphysique.net#%5B%5BSEO%20TiddlyWiki%20Plugin%5D%5D
var originalPath = document.location.toString();
if(originalPath.substr(0,5) != "file:")
{
alert(config.messages.notFileUrlError);
if(store.tiddlerExists(config.messages.saveInstructions))
story.displayTiddler(null,config.messages.saveInstructions);
return;
}
var y = [];
var g = [];
var localPath = getLocalPath(originalPath);
var c = store.getTiddlerText("SEOTiddlyWikiConfig");
var su = store.getTiddlerText("SiteUrl");
var st = wikifyPlain("SiteTitle");
var sbt = wikifyPlain("SiteSubtitle");
var htmlPath = localPath.substr(0,localPath.lastIndexOf("\\"));
var tiddlers = store.getTiddlers("modified","excludeSearch");
g.push('<url><loc>' + su.htmlEncode() + '</loc></url>');
y.push(su.htmlEncode());
for (var t=0; t<tiddlers.length; t++) {
var content = c;
var filename = tiddlers[t].title.htmlEncode();
filename = filename.toLowerCase();
filename = filename.replace(/ |\/|@/gi, '-');
filename = filename.replace(/(-)\1+/gi, '$1');
content = content.replace(/SITE_TITLE/gi, st.htmlEncode());
content = content.replace(/SITE_SUBTITLE/gi, sbt.htmlEncode());
content = content.replace(/TIDDLER_TITLE/gi, tiddlers[t].title.htmlEncode());
content = content.replace(/TIDDLER_URL/gi, su.htmlEncode() + '#' + String.encodeTiddlyLink(tiddlers[t].title));
content = content.replace(/TIDDLER_KEYWORDS/gi, tiddlers[t].tags.join(',').htmlEncode());
content = content.replace(/TIDDLER_CONTENT/gi, wikifyStatic(tiddlers[t].text,null,tiddlers[t]).htmlEncode());
content = content.replace(/</gi, '<');
content = content.replace(/>/gi, '>');
content = content.replace(/"/gi, '"');
var d = tiddlers[t].modified.getFullYear() + '-';
if (tiddlers[t].modified.getMonth() + 1 < 10) d = d + '0';
d = d + (tiddlers[t].modified.getMonth() + 1) + '-';
if (tiddlers[t].modified.getDate() < 10) d = d + '0';
d = d + tiddlers[t].modified.getDate();
for (var ta=0; ta<tiddlers[t].tags.length; ta++) {
var tag = tiddlers[t].tags[ta].toLowerCase();
g.push('<url><loc>' + su.htmlEncode() + escape(tag) + '/' + escape(filename) + '.htm' + '</loc><lastmod>' + d + '</lastmod></url>');
y.push(su.htmlEncode() + escape(tag) + '/' + escape(filename) + '.htm');
saveFile(htmlPath + '\\' + tag + '\\' + filename + '.htm', convertUnicodeToUTF8(content));
}
}
saveFile(htmlPath + '\\urllist.txt', convertUnicodeToUTF8(y.join('\n')));
saveFile(htmlPath + '\\sitemap.xml', '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><urlset xmlns="http://www.google.com/schemas/sitemap/0.84">\n' + convertUnicodeToUTF8(g.join('\n')) + '</urlset>');
displayMessage('SEO files created', '');
}
!Tomato Salsa
''Ingredients''
250g/9oz fresh tomatoes, finely chopped
1 small onion, finely chopped
3 mild chillies, finely chopped
bunch coriander, finely chopped
salt, to taste
lime juice, to taste
1 tbsp water
''Preparation method''
To make the salsa, combine all the ingredients together in a bowl and serve immediately.
!Bread and tomato salad
Well made, this is a salad of bright flavours, of tomatoes, raw young garlic, basil, olives and anchovy. A jumble of lusciously soft vegetables and crisp, open-textured bread. Few salads are as colourful or as flavoursome - this is a meal for the brightest summer’s day - but this is not a recipe to get sloppy with; under-ripe tomatoes, wimpish basil and second-rate oil will end in disappointment. And this is not a dish to leave hanging around.
serves 4
open textured bread such as ciabatta - 250g
tomatoes - ripe and juicy - 600g
small cucumber - 1
garlic - 1 fresh, new clove
red or yellow pepper - 1
basil - 1 large bunch
olives - 1 handful
anchovy fillets - 8
olive oil - green and peppery, about 150mls
red wine vinegar - 1 tbs
Set the oven at 180 c/gas 4. Slice the bread thickly - the pieces should be about 1 cm thick - and lay them on a baking sheet. Sprinkle each piece very lightly with olive oil then bake them for about 15 minutes, till they are lightly crisp.
Slice the tomatoes, but don’t be tempted to peel or seed them. Put them in a large serving bowl. Peel and seed the cucumber and cut it into rough chunks, then add to the tomato. Finely chop the garlic, cut the pepper into small dice and add both to the tomatoes. Tear the basil leaves from their stalks then add them to the bowl. Rinse the anchovies, then mix them in with the salad. Put the oil and vinegar into a small dish, season it with salt, I think you can be quite generous here, and some black pepper. Toss the dressing, bread and salad gently together and then add the pieces of toasted bread. Eat before the bread gets too soggy.
!Radish, mint and feta salad
Most salads’ reputation is made by their dressing. The salad that follows is, by contrast, almost naked, just a splash of fruity oil for lubrication and some sharp red wine vinegar for punch. The result is a salad with both a refreshing crunch and salty bite. A summer lunch of singular freshness and vitality.
serves 4
medium to large cucumber - 1
radishes - 1 large bunch
spring onions - 6
feta cheese - 350g
mint - 1 small bunch
flat leaf parsley - 1 small bunch
olive oil
red wine vinegar - not too smooth
Peel the cucumber lightly, so as to remove the coarse skin but leaving behind as much of the bright green that lies directly under the skin as possible. Otherwise the salad will appear insipid. Cut the cucumber in half lengthways, then scrape out the seeds with a teaspoon and discard them. Slice each long half again, lengthways, then cut each piece into short, fat chunks and tip into a large mixing bowl.
Wash the radishes, then top and tail them. Cut them in halves or quarters, according to their size then add them to the cucumber. Trim the spring onions and chop them into thick rings.
Crumble the cheese into small chunks. Tear the mint leaves into large pieces - then toss them all together with the whole parsley leaves, cheese, cucumber, onions and radishes. Drizzle over a little olive oil and vinegar (you don’t need a formal dressing here) then grind over a little black pepper, but no salt.
!Toasted pine nut and sweet potato salad
Serves 4
21 November 2004
3 sweet potatoes, peeled, sliced lengthwise
4 roma tomatoes, halved
Olive oil
Sea salt and cracked black pepper
½ cup pine nuts
150g (5oz) baby spinach leaves
1 avocado, sliced
Dressing
3tbsp honey
2tbsp red wine vinegar
1tbsp olive oil
Preheat the oven to 200C (390F). Place the sweet potato and tomatoes in a baking dish lined with baking paper and toss with a little olive oil, salt and pepper. Bake for 25 minutes or until the potato is golden and soft. Sprinkle over the pine nuts and bake for a further 2 minutes or until the pine nuts are golden. To make the dressing, whisk together the honey, vinegar and oil. To serve, place the spinach leaves and avocado on plates and top with the sweet potato, tomatoes and pine nuts. Pour over the dressing and serve.
!Fennel and orange salad
This unusual Sicilian salad is full of vitamin C.
Serves 4
6 medium blood oranges (or navel oranges)
1 medium fennel bulb, trimmed, cut into thin strips
2 tbs finely minced fennel leaves
1 red onion, finely sliced
3 tbs finely chopped fresh walnuts
2 tbs extra-virgin olive oil
sea salt and freshly ground black pepper
8 cos lettuce leaves
Peel the oranges and remove as much of the pith as possible. Slice the oranges into thin rounds and place them in a shallow dish, slightly overlapping. Sprinkle over the fennel strips, fennel leaves, red onion and walnuts. Drizzle the olive oil over and sprinkle with salt and pepper. Cover and let stand at room temperature for several hours. Every so often, tilt and turn the salad so that the oil and juices that have collected flow over and around the oranges. To serve, arrange the salad on a bed of cos lettuce leaves, and pour the juices over.
!Insalata della nonna (grandmother's special salad)
This hearty salad is full of goodness. The combination of beans and potatoes also make it a filling snack.
Serves 4
450g new potatoes, boiled
450g French beans, cut into bite-sized pieces
2 tbs freshly squeezed lemon juice
4 tbs extra-virgin olive oil
a handful of chopped fresh oregano
1 garlic clove, peeled and finely crushed
sea salt and freshly ground black pepper
6 tomatoes (preferably vine-ripened), roughly chopped
Cook the potatoes in boiling salted water for 10-15 minutes, or until tender, depending on their size. Steam the French beans for approximately seven minutes, or until tender.
While the beans and potatoes are cooking, mix the lemon juice and oil together with the salt, pepper, oregano and garlic.
Add the tomatoes to the dressing and mix well with the potatoes and beans while still warm. Serve warm or cool.
!Goat's cheese, pea and lentil salad
Serves 4
small green lentils such as Puy - 120g
shelled peas - 150g a small bunch of parsley
olive oil - 1 tbs plus a little extra
goat's cheese - 16 slices
Rinse the lentils in a sieve under running water then tip them into a pan of boiling, lightly salte water. Leave them at an enthusiastic simmer for 15-20 minutes until they are tender, then drain, tip into a bowl and stir a little olive oil through them.
Boil the peas in lightly salted water until bright and tender, then drain under cold running water and mix with the lentils. Pull the parsley leaves from their stalks but keep them whole, and fold them gently into th lentils with the olive oil and a little salt and pepper.
Divide the goat's cheese and pea and lentil salad between four plates.
!Cannellini beans with basil
This salad is at its most interesting when made with freshly cooked beans. But I have, in a lazy moment, made it with tinned beans, drained and rinsed of their brine. The texture is softer, but it's not bad at all.
250g cannellini beans, soaked overnight
in cold water
For the dressing:
a large handful of basil leaves (about 50)
a handful of parsley leaves
the juice of a lemon
2 tsp smooth Dijon mustard
olive oil
Drain the beans, put them in a pot and cover with water. Bring to the boil, but do not salt till later. Salt will make the beans tough. Turn down the heat and leave them at an enthusiastic simmer.
After 35 minutes, season generously with salt and continue cooking until they are tender but with some bite. They can take anything from 40 to 50 minutes, depending on the age of your beans.
Make the dressing so that it is just ready by the time the beans are ready.
Put the basil and parsley leaves into the jug of a blender or food processor, pour in the lemon juice, add the mustard and a good pinch of salt, then blitz the mixture, adding in enough olive oil to make a thick but pourable dressing. (Start with about 50ml, and then stop when you have a good consistency.)
Drain the beans, put them in a bowl and pour over the dressing. Toss them gently and set aside so that they soak up the dressing as they cool.
http://news.independent.co.uk/people/profiles/article1868548.ece
In the 17 years since Ayatollah Khomeini passed a death sentence on Salman Rushdie, the writer's unflinching criticism of the religion into which he was born has never been stifled. Now, as the force of Islamist fury reverberates around the world, the acclaimed Anglo-Asian novelist tells Johann Hari why we're all living under a fatwa now
Published: 13 October 2006
And so it begins again: the low rumble of Islamist death-threats against a novelist, simply because he dares to revel in free speech and free thought in a free society. "We're all living under a fatwa now," Salman Rushdie sighs, listing his persecutors' long slew of victims, from Algerian novelists to Bali clubbers to Circle Line commuters. "You can see the fatwa as the overture to 9/11. It's not a direct line. Maybe you could say it was not the same piece of music. But in some way it was a harbinger - a small thing before a big thing. The first crow, you know, flying across the sky."
As we sit in the basement of a lush London hotel he reflects, with calm dignity, on the massed millions of the fanatical who wish to behead him, simply because they think something one of his characters says in a dream in a novel insults a man who died 1,300 years ago. "It was beyond... I can't tell you," he says, a rare moment when his sentences stutter. " I've tried, quite hard, as an act of will, to put it behind me, because I don't want to carry that weight around. And, fortunately, [my wife] Padma didn't experience it. I met her at the tail-end of it, before the Iranians rescinded [the fatwa, in 1998]. That helps."
But Rushdie has been forced to get used to life in a damp mental alleyway where the loudest death-threat in history is forever echoing. One morning, a few days after the fatwa, he woke up and switched on the television to see a British studio audience voting on whether he should be killed. He switched the channel to see tens of thousands of people in Pakistan, a country he had lived in and loved, burning his effigy. He was, he says, "put through a degree course in worthlessness, my own personal and specific worthlessness" .
One time, he had to go to hospital to have his wisdom teeth extracted. Afterwards he learnt that the police had contingency plans to remove him if there was an emergency: he would have been carried out in a body bag, in a hearse.
When I arrived at this hotel and waited in the lobby, a strange unspoken conspiracy emerged between me and the receptionist. "There should be a room booked for... uh... Random House books," I said. "Oh yes - the... um... author interview?" Like in some cod James Bond plot, we did not utter his name, as though, almost 18 years after the Ayatollah Khomeini first uttered his call for murder, there are assassins waiting on every London corner for a whisper of his name.
And then Rushdie wandered in, bearing a pile of books, looking like a bustling media don rather than a jihadi-dream-target, with no burly security guards, nobody except a slender press agent hobbling along on crutches. I glance at the receptionist; our silence seems stupid. As we wait for the room, Rushdie chattily talks me through the photo-books he is carrying. " I've just had my picture taken by this guy," he says. I want to hold on to this sliver of normality, to talk about photographers and Borges and Marquez. But the fatwa seems to block out the sky, still.
We walk downstairs and out it tumbles - the story of the plot to kill him. When he first heard the Ayatollah Khomeini's call for him to be killed - on 14 February 1989, "my unfunny Valentine" - Rushdie's first thought was: "I'm a dead man." One of his recent characters has a pre-assassination vision "of his open grave, of a rectilinear black hole huddling in the ground, as empty as his life, and felt the darkness measuring him for his shroud".
This battle was agony for Rushdie, not just because he was wrenched away from his wife, his young child, and the countries and cultures that had always nourished him, but because, as he puts it, "the warring halves of the world - East and West - were also the warring halves of my soul" . He is "the bastard child of history", one of the great hybrid-children produced by the mass migrations of the 20th century. He was raised in the East, schooled in the West, and indelibly crafted by both. Salman Rushdie lives and writes on the great global fault-line - and a fault-line is always a dangerous place to be.
Less than 48 hours after I spoke to him, the tectonic plates rumbled and cracked a little more. Rushdie told the BBC that the battle against the veil was a battle for the freedom of Muslim women like his sisters. "Sheikh" Omar Bakri retorted gloatingly from Lebanon: "Rushdie will continue living his life in hiding. Any fatwa will stand until it is fulfilled. He is always going to be worried about a Muslim reaching him." The message was old and simple and savage. This will never be over.
But Rushdie's stories rarely begin in the middle of the action. He teases out their roots, in places long ago and far away. This story is no different. Before we get to the fatwa, we must burrow into the origins of this story, which lie in a gentler, saner Islam, one that is being steadily subsumed by fanaticism across the globe. It begins in the Edenic valley of Kashmir, more than 80 years ago...
I: In the beginning: A Kashmiri grandfather, and a different Islam
Two of Rushdie's stories begin here: the story of his life, and the story of his shimmering latest novel, Shalimar the Clown. He describes Kashmir as " a tiny valley of no more than five million souls, landlocked, pre-industrial, resource rich but cash poor, perched thousands of feet up in the mountains, like a tasty green sweetmeat caught in a giant's teeth". This was the backdrop for the meeting of Rushdie's maternal grandparents. "My grandmother was very fierce and gruff. She was quite small but she was very wide," he chuckles. "I've always thought that one of the reasons my books are full of ferocious women is because of my granny."
But it was his Kashmiri grandfather who would surprise Rushdie's wannabe assassins. "He was a very devout Muslim. He said his prayers every day five times a day without fail, despite the teasing of his terrible grandchildren, and he went on Haj to Mecca," he explains. "He sort of affected gruffness, but he didn't fool anybody. He was a much beloved figure in [the town of] Aligar, where he was a family doctor. He was a very familiar spectacle on the streets, bicycling around the city going about his daily rounds. When I was a little boy, I used to sit on the back, on the pillion, and see everyone waving to him."
But this devout Muslim was the antithesis of the book-burners who now attack his grandson. He remains, to Rushdie, "the model of tolerance. Whenever I think about open-mindedness, I think about him. You could sit there as an 11- or 12-year-old boy and say, 'Grandfather, I don't believe in god.' And he would say, 'Really? That's very interesting. Sit down here and tell me all about it.' And there would be no kind of attempt to ram something down your throat or criticise you. There would just be conversation."
This culture of enlightenment - of free, open dispute - led his grandfather to take him to the university library, "which for me as a small boy was wonderful to explore, with those giant, towering bookstacks, with those ladders you had to climb up. In my memory, I would take out great stacks of Agatha Christie and PG Wodehouse, which he would sign out very seriously along with his medical textbooks."
And this easy rationality shaped the lives of Rushdie's parents too. His father found it confusing that the Koran was so obviously "a bit jumbled up - when you read it, the chapter suddenly changes direction, and 70 pages later, the chapter you were reading suddenly, arbitrarily continues" . It was clear to him the text had been incorrectly assembled, and he wanted to go through and rearrange the text so that it made a bit more sense - the Islamic equivalent to Thomas Jefferson's rationalist adaptation of the Bible. Rushdie sips some fizzy water and says: "Now I think... it's lucky he didn't do it."
Although they were "almost totally irreligious", people who would visit the mosque three times a year, his parents at some point decided to hire a religious teacher to come to their house and educate Rushdie and his sisters. He says: "Unfortunately, they had also brought us up as extremely irreverent children. It was their fault for raising us as devilish infidels! So myself and my sisters gave this poor guy such a hard time that after about two lessons, he told my parents that he didn't know what to do. And to their immense credit, they said, 'All right, then,' and gave up."
But the Kashmir of Rushdie's grandfather stands for him as an alternate Islam, a radically different way of being Muslim to the Khomeinist and Bin Ladenite head-choppers - a religion of peace, not a religion of pieces. " It's really not so long ago," he says, "and if it's not that long ago, it doesn't have to be gone for ever." As he shows in Shalimar the Clown, Kashmiri Islam was - until the 1960s - a model of pluralist tolerance. It mingled and mixed with Hinduism, with mullahs even compromising on their austere monotheism by directing their followers to worship at the shrines of the local Hindu saints. As he puts it: "To be Kashmiri was to value what was shared far more highly than what divided."
"Indian Islam was like that - and in many ways it still is," he adds. "Even at this moment, when there have been explosions in a mosque or temple - it really hasn't worked. The Muslim population in India is, largely speaking, not radicalised. From the beginning they were always very secular-minded." Whereas the radicalisation of Muslims in Britain is " dreadful", Indian Muslims "are a model which could be beneficially studied about how you show a minority community that their interests are best served by secular democracy, and not by religious communal politics. Because if you play the game of religious communal politics, you will always be outnumbered. That was the argument Nehru and Gandhi took to India's religious minorities, and it worked."
His grandfather's pluralist, peaceful Kashmir has withered over the past 40 years under the burning heat of rival fundamentalisms. In Shalimar the Clown, Rushdie uses the story of the shredding of Kashmir's secularism - of the metaphorical death of his grandfather - as a microcosm of a larger story, the collapse of the secular ideal across the world that has nearly consumed Rushdie himself.
After the partition of India, Kashmir found itself trapped between the two new nations, rubbing like a bed-sore. The valley had a Muslim majority, so many people thought it logically should have gone to the new Muslim state of Pakistan. But Kashmir's Hindu ruler decided to stay with India, because he thought her secular traditions were best able to prevent the valley breaking down into the ethnic cleansing that was causing the new border to haemorrhage so much blood. And so the sharp wedge of communal grievance entered Kashmir.
The mild, mystical Sufi brand of Islam practised in the valley was gradually displaced by an austere Arab version - Islam 3.0. The Indian government reacted with crazed violence, treating every Kashmiri Muslim as a potential insurgent, and even using mass rape as a way to "break" the population. The Muslim population became more fundamentalist, the Indians ramped up the violence again - and on and on, in an intensifying tango of death.
In the novel, Rushdie serves up the response of the Indian government to Kashmiri separatism as "a case study in how to fuck it up". The novel is littered with lines that could have been uttered by an American general from the bloody sands of Iraq - endless bragging about how many insurgents have been "taken out", followed by confused confessions that this isn't bringing down the overall amount of violence. "The trouble is, you don't even have to reach for it," he says. "It's so obvious."
He fears that - in part as a result of this - "the good guys are losing the battle within Islam. There's no question. The Islam that now exists is not the Islam that I grew up with." All over the novel, there drift bleak, depressive clouds where Rushdie seems to fear that his grandfather's Kashmir - and the other brief patches of peace in human history - are only short breaks in the story of a species determined to tear itself apart. One character laments: "Maybe tyranny, forced conversions, temple-smashing, iconoclasm, persecution and genocide were the norms and peaceful coexistence was an illusion... Maybe peace was his opium pipe-dream." Another comments that "the single most obvious truth about the history of the human race" is "the inevitable triumph of illusion over reality." As he hears these quotes, Rushdie nods. "Look at history. It's not the account of a species at peace."
As he says this, Rushdie looks into the distance with a dreamy sadness, as though he is still riding pillion on his grandfather's bicycle, watching his world and his Islam creakily pedal into oblivion.
II: "It's not just about Palestine. It's about pork sandwiches, short skirts and kissing too"
In the long shadow of the World Trade Centre, Rushdie's story - of an Islam spiralling into spite - began to look different. It was no longer possible to dismiss him as an exception; he became a parable. For two decades, he has been scrambling to discover the moral to his story, endlessly tracking the " labyrinthine paranoia of the jihadi mind" as it tried to shred the secular values he knew and loved. The Satanic Verses was his first attempt to understand the new hybrid-humans midwifed by an age of mass migration - to ask what happens to the austere values of the ninth century Arabian desert when they are plunged into the swirling chaos of 20th-century London. In Shalimar the Clown, he ramps up this black exploration, creating a hero who stabs a "blasphemous" novelist in the neck and then heads to a jihadi training camp high in the Afghan hills.
For a time, Rushdie was optimistic about what would emerge from this great churn of people across the globe. He became the poet laureate of mongrelisation, a writer who rejoiced that "everywhere was now part of everywhere else. Russia, America, London, Kashmir. Our lives, our stories, flowed into one another's, were no longer our own, individual, discrete."
In 1985, he wrote - with soaring hope - that "the effect of mass migrations has been the creation of radically new types of human being: people who root themselves in ideas rather than places... people who have been obliged to define themselves - because they are so defined by others - by their otherness." But the gloriously disembodied, pan-national ideology that emerged from this swirl turned out to be his nemesis: Islamism. It is one of the many ironies in Rushdie's irony-strewn life. He sees now that as well as softening and secularising Islam for some, this uprooting has hardened Islam into a sharpened spike for more.
The mass uprooting he celebrated helped to create the Islamist pining for a fictitious lost purity that is trying to kill him, a desperate quest to recreate the Mecca of Mohammed in the world's cold concrete jungles: "I have spent a lot of my life looking positively at the consequences of migration. Now I'm being forced to see that there's a nightmare as well as a dream."
Rushdie sees his career as falling into three acts. In the first, he wrote about his lost homelands - India and Pakistan. Then he wrote about the transition from that world to Britain, the journey across water to the West. "And now I think that the third act is to say, 'All right, all that happened,'" he explains. "The world has become this mixed up place, the age of mass migration has taken place and we live in its aftermath - now what?"
He fears that many people are wilfully misunderstanding the new Islamist virus that has spread through this new world. "People have been so knocked off balance by what's going on that their normally well-functioning moral sense seems to have lost its footing." After 18 years in the Islamist cross-hairs, Rushdie wants - needs - people to understand that this new Islamic fundamentalism is not simply the lump sum of all the bad things the West has done to Muslims, reflected back at us.
At the time of the fatwa, Rushdie was widely known as a fierce and fearsome critic of US foreign policy, a man who condemned Israel's "monstrous" occupation of Palestinian lands, a man who damned Margaret Thatcher as " Mrs Torture" and warned that "British society has never been cleansed of the filth of imperialism". He risked his life traipsing through the jungles of Nicaragua to expose Ronald Reagan's illegal funding of a horde of neo-fascist guerrillas trying to topple the country's elected government.
It made no difference. He had questioned the Official Story of Islam, trying to open it up to the mixed, metaphorical dream-worlds of the modern metropolis - and for that, he had to be butchered. "It's one thing to criticise the way in which the American government is behaving, or the British government, and I have a lot of criticisms of that - in fact, nothing but criticisms," he says now. "But it's another thing to fail to see that an enemy actually exists and is extremely serious about what he wishes to do.
"If tomorrow the Israel/Palestine issue was resolved to the total happiness of all parties, it would not diminish the amount of terrorism coming out of al-Qa'ida by one jot. It's not what they're after," he adds, his foot tapping against mine as he leans forward. "Yes, it's a recruiting tool, rhetorically. Many people see there's an injustice there, and it helps them to get people into the gang, but it's not what they want. What they want is to change the nature of human life on earth into the image of the Taliban. If you want the whole earth to look like Taliban Afghanistan, then you're on the same side as them. If you don't want that, you're not. They do not represent the quest for human justice. That, I think, is one of the great mistakes of the left."
Within this Talibanist morality, there is room for great slabs of delusion and hypocrisy. In Shalimar the Clown, Rushdie shows sparingly how the jihadi fighters of Afghanistan have sex with adolescent boys, and the next day chop to pieces men they have dubbed "homosexual". "One of the great untold stories of al-Qa'ida is that they are all these men who fuck little boys. They all have these disciples who they're ostensibly training in the way of the warrior, but they're also enjoying. For a while, then they go off - and they have their wives and families at home. It's like Classical Greece." Does he think Osama bin Laden has done it? "I wouldn't like to say," he says tactfully. "He's an Arab, he's not an Afghan. But Mullah Omar, he's another story..."
He senses soft racism in the refusal to see Islamic fundamentalists for what they are. When looking at the Christian fundamentalists of the United States, most people see an autonomous movement of superstitious madmen. But when they look at their Islamic equivalents, they assume they cannot mean what they say. "One of the things that's commonly said by Islamists is that it's acceptable to bomb a disco, because a disco is a place where people are behaving in a disgusting way. Go away and die - that's all bin Laden wants you to do. It's not just about Iraq, it's about ham sandwiches and kissing in public places and sex with girls you're not married to." He pauses. "It's about life."
It horrifies Rushdie that so many people in his natural political home - the left - don't get it. They seem to imagine that when people call for a novelist to be beheaded for blasphemy, they are really calling for a return to the 1967 borders, or an independent Kashmir, or an end to the occupation of Iraq. As he says this, I blurt out a repellent question: was there a small part of him on September 11 that felt almost relieved - that thought: " Now they'll understand"? He pauses, a long pause, the only one in this interview. Have I offended him? But he answers with the same contemplative calm as before. "It wasn't, actually. What an awful thing to think. But... but I remember after 9/11 that a lot of people did finally get it, and I remember thinking - it's a shame that 3,000 people had to die for something pretty obvious to get through people's heads."
III: The quiet American, and the art of slitting our own throats
Rushdie has looked down the barrel of Islamism, smelt its cordite, and survived. So he is perpetually being asked - how do we lift the collective fatwa on our transport systems, our nightclubs, our cities? How do we scrape meaning from his misery? "When people ask me how the West should adapt to Muslim sensitivities, I always say - the question is the wrong way round. The West should go on being itself. There is nothing wrong with the things that for hundreds of years have been acceptable - satire, irreverence, ridicule, even quite rude commentary - why the hell not?
"But you see it every day, this surrender," he says. He runs through a list of the theatres and galleries that have censored themselves in the face of religious fundamentalist protests. He mentions that the entire British media - from the BBC down - placed itself in purdah during the Mohammed cartoons episode. "What I fear most is that, when we look back in 25 years' time at this moment, what we will have seen is the surrender of the West, without a shot being fired. They'll say that in the name of tolerance and acceptance, we tied our own hands and slit our own throats. One of the things that have made me live my entire life in these countries is because I love the way people live here."
Rushdie sees surrender stamped on every one of the "faith schools" being constructed by Tony Blair. "To say the solution to the problems religion has caused is more religion... it's just crazy," he says. It will only reinforce the sealing off of Muslims from the world that is symbolised by the veil, which he sees as a hideous anti-feminist shroud, " a one-woman tent".
And he has another blast at Blair: looking to the United States as our anti-Islamist saviour is, he explains, a "terrible mistake. America, like all superpowers, uses only the criterion of self-interest. That's the way in which a superpower operates, whether it's the Soviet Union or the United States. The criterion is what serves the interests of the power. When that coincides with what we call liberal democratic values then, yeah, it will be on that side. But superpowers of every stripe have a history of installing puppets which will serve their interests. Whether it's in Nicaragua, or the Shah of Iran. You can't look to a superpower as a moral arbiter, because its job is not morality. Its job is the preservation of its sphere of influence."
I ask what he thinks about Christopher Hitchens' belief that the US has become a Jeffersonian superpower, bent on spreading democracy across the globe. "It's not true. It's just not true," he says. "You know, I met [Paul] Wolfowitz at Christopher's house on one occasion. And Wolfowitz turned out to be a really nice man - very charming, extremely intelligent, quite self-critical. Many things that you might not have expected him to be. But false idealism, as we know from Graham Greene, can be fantastically self-destructive." So Wolfowitz, a former Deputy Secretary of Defense, is Alden Pyle, the Quiet American, wreaking havoc in the name of righteousness? "Yes. I do think that someone in the name of virtue can do terrible damage, for entirely virtuous reasons. But I've never seen great power as having a moral dimension." Just after we meet, it is estimated by The Lancet that 650,000 Iraqis have been killed due to Quiet Americans (and Brits).
And the curse of amoral nuclear might applies to another country Rushdie knows well - Pakistan. He says the situation there is "scary, extremely scary" - much more so than the Iranian near-bomb that rivets our headlines. His old country is, he says, "one assassination away from having Islamic fanatics in charge of a functioning nuclear weapon, which they may not mind using". Rushdie feels sick to be "put into the position of hoping that Pervez Musharraf [the country's dictator] has a long and healthy life just because - what is the old rhyme? Keep a hold of nurse so you don't get something worse? Because behind Musharraf there is the possibility of something much worse. He's an arsehole, a dictator, no better than Zia, but in the ISI [the Pakistani security services] there are people much worse, who want a very radical Islamist state."
And there is a serious, searing danger they will wage war with India to reclaim - our conversation has come full circle - Kashmir. It seems a cruelly bleak irony to end on: the possibility of his grandfather's beloved symbol of peace, love and understanding, morphing in one lifetime into the likeliest cause of nuclear war anywhere on earth. It's our final note: his symbol of pluralism and tolerance, reduced to the brink of becoming a smoking radioactive husk.
As we walk out on to the street, exchanging jangling pleasantries after a gruelling conversation, it seems odd - disturbing - to see him walking into a car alone. As he drives away, I think of an old quote Rushdie is fond of. In Saul Bellow's novel The Dean's December, the central character hears a dog barking wildly somewhere. He imagines the barking is the dog's protest against the jarring limitations of dog experience. "For God's sake," the dog is saying, "open the universe a little more!"
That, too, is Rushdie's message in this fight between the democratic-Muslim ideals of his grandfather and the psychotic-Muslim delusions of his assassins. It is a fight between people who want to open the universe a little more, and those who want to shrivel the universe into the stultified vision of one book and one man who lived in a desert more than a millennium ago.
And so it begins again: the low rumble of Islamist death-threats against a novelist, simply because he dares to revel in free speech and free thought in a free society. "We're all living under a fatwa now," Salman Rushdie sighs, listing his persecutors' long slew of victims, from Algerian novelists to Bali clubbers to Circle Line commuters. "You can see the fatwa as the overture to 9/11. It's not a direct line. Maybe you could say it was not the same piece of music. But in some way it was a harbinger - a small thing before a big thing. The first crow, you know, flying across the sky."
As we sit in the basement of a lush London hotel he reflects, with calm dignity, on the massed millions of the fanatical who wish to behead him, simply because they think something one of his characters says in a dream in a novel insults a man who died 1,300 years ago. "It was beyond... I can't tell you," he says, a rare moment when his sentences stutter. " I've tried, quite hard, as an act of will, to put it behind me, because I don't want to carry that weight around. And, fortunately, [my wife] Padma didn't experience it. I met her at the tail-end of it, before the Iranians rescinded [the fatwa, in 1998]. That helps."
But Rushdie has been forced to get used to life in a damp mental alleyway where the loudest death-threat in history is forever echoing. One morning, a few days after the fatwa, he woke up and switched on the television to see a British studio audience voting on whether he should be killed. He switched the channel to see tens of thousands of people in Pakistan, a country he had lived in and loved, burning his effigy. He was, he says, "put through a degree course in worthlessness, my own personal and specific worthlessness" .
One time, he had to go to hospital to have his wisdom teeth extracted. Afterwards he learnt that the police had contingency plans to remove him if there was an emergency: he would have been carried out in a body bag, in a hearse.
When I arrived at this hotel and waited in the lobby, a strange unspoken conspiracy emerged between me and the receptionist. "There should be a room booked for... uh... Random House books," I said. "Oh yes - the... um... author interview?" Like in some cod James Bond plot, we did not utter his name, as though, almost 18 years after the Ayatollah Khomeini first uttered his call for murder, there are assassins waiting on every London corner for a whisper of his name.
And then Rushdie wandered in, bearing a pile of books, looking like a bustling media don rather than a jihadi-dream-target, with no burly security guards, nobody except a slender press agent hobbling along on crutches. I glance at the receptionist; our silence seems stupid. As we wait for the room, Rushdie chattily talks me through the photo-books he is carrying. " I've just had my picture taken by this guy," he says. I want to hold on to this sliver of normality, to talk about photographers and Borges and Marquez. But the fatwa seems to block out the sky, still.
We walk downstairs and out it tumbles - the story of the plot to kill him. When he first heard the Ayatollah Khomeini's call for him to be killed - on 14 February 1989, "my unfunny Valentine" - Rushdie's first thought was: "I'm a dead man." One of his recent characters has a pre-assassination vision "of his open grave, of a rectilinear black hole huddling in the ground, as empty as his life, and felt the darkness measuring him for his shroud".
This battle was agony for Rushdie, not just because he was wrenched away from his wife, his young child, and the countries and cultures that had always nourished him, but because, as he puts it, "the warring halves of the world - East and West - were also the warring halves of my soul" . He is "the bastard child of history", one of the great hybrid-children produced by the mass migrations of the 20th century. He was raised in the East, schooled in the West, and indelibly crafted by both. Salman Rushdie lives and writes on the great global fault-line - and a fault-line is always a dangerous place to be.
Less than 48 hours after I spoke to him, the tectonic plates rumbled and cracked a little more. Rushdie told the BBC that the battle against the veil was a battle for the freedom of Muslim women like his sisters. "Sheikh" Omar Bakri retorted gloatingly from Lebanon: "Rushdie will continue living his life in hiding. Any fatwa will stand until it is fulfilled. He is always going to be worried about a Muslim reaching him." The message was old and simple and savage. This will never be over.
But Rushdie's stories rarely begin in the middle of the action. He teases out their roots, in places long ago and far away. This story is no different. Before we get to the fatwa, we must burrow into the origins of this story, which lie in a gentler, saner Islam, one that is being steadily subsumed by fanaticism across the globe. It begins in the Edenic valley of Kashmir, more than 80 years ago...
I: In the beginning: A Kashmiri grandfather, and a different Islam
Two of Rushdie's stories begin here: the story of his life, and the story of his shimmering latest novel, Shalimar the Clown. He describes Kashmir as " a tiny valley of no more than five million souls, landlocked, pre-industrial, resource rich but cash poor, perched thousands of feet up in the mountains, like a tasty green sweetmeat caught in a giant's teeth". This was the backdrop for the meeting of Rushdie's maternal grandparents. "My grandmother was very fierce and gruff. She was quite small but she was very wide," he chuckles. "I've always thought that one of the reasons my books are full of ferocious women is because of my granny."
But it was his Kashmiri grandfather who would surprise Rushdie's wannabe assassins. "He was a very devout Muslim. He said his prayers every day five times a day without fail, despite the teasing of his terrible grandchildren, and he went on Haj to Mecca," he explains. "He sort of affected gruffness, but he didn't fool anybody. He was a much beloved figure in [the town of] Aligar, where he was a family doctor. He was a very familiar spectacle on the streets, bicycling around the city going about his daily rounds. When I was a little boy, I used to sit on the back, on the pillion, and see everyone waving to him."
But this devout Muslim was the antithesis of the book-burners who now attack his grandson. He remains, to Rushdie, "the model of tolerance. Whenever I think about open-mindedness, I think about him. You could sit there as an 11- or 12-year-old boy and say, 'Grandfather, I don't believe in god.' And he would say, 'Really? That's very interesting. Sit down here and tell me all about it.' And there would be no kind of attempt to ram something down your throat or criticise you. There would just be conversation."
This culture of enlightenment - of free, open dispute - led his grandfather to take him to the university library, "which for me as a small boy was wonderful to explore, with those giant, towering bookstacks, with those ladders you had to climb up. In my memory, I would take out great stacks of Agatha Christie and PG Wodehouse, which he would sign out very seriously along with his medical textbooks."
And this easy rationality shaped the lives of Rushdie's parents too. His father found it confusing that the Koran was so obviously "a bit jumbled up - when you read it, the chapter suddenly changes direction, and 70 pages later, the chapter you were reading suddenly, arbitrarily continues" . It was clear to him the text had been incorrectly assembled, and he wanted to go through and rearrange the text so that it made a bit more sense - the Islamic equivalent to Thomas Jefferson's rationalist adaptation of the Bible. Rushdie sips some fizzy water and says: "Now I think... it's lucky he didn't do it."
Although they were "almost totally irreligious", people who would visit the mosque three times a year, his parents at some point decided to hire a religious teacher to come to their house and educate Rushdie and his sisters. He says: "Unfortunately, they had also brought us up as extremely irreverent children. It was their fault for raising us as devilish infidels! So myself and my sisters gave this poor guy such a hard time that after about two lessons, he told my parents that he didn't know what to do. And to their immense credit, they said, 'All right, then,' and gave up."
But the Kashmir of Rushdie's grandfather stands for him as an alternate Islam, a radically different way of being Muslim to the Khomeinist and Bin Ladenite head-choppers - a religion of peace, not a religion of pieces. " It's really not so long ago," he says, "and if it's not that long ago, it doesn't have to be gone for ever." As he shows in Shalimar the Clown, Kashmiri Islam was - until the 1960s - a model of pluralist tolerance. It mingled and mixed with Hinduism, with mullahs even compromising on their austere monotheism by directing their followers to worship at the shrines of the local Hindu saints. As he puts it: "To be Kashmiri was to value what was shared far more highly than what divided."
"Indian Islam was like that - and in many ways it still is," he adds. "Even at this moment, when there have been explosions in a mosque or temple - it really hasn't worked. The Muslim population in India is, largely speaking, not radicalised. From the beginning they were always very secular-minded." Whereas the radicalisation of Muslims in Britain is " dreadful", Indian Muslims "are a model which could be beneficially studied about how you show a minority community that their interests are best served by secular democracy, and not by religious communal politics. Because if you play the game of religious communal politics, you will always be outnumbered. That was the argument Nehru and Gandhi took to India's religious minorities, and it worked."
His grandfather's pluralist, peaceful Kashmir has withered over the past 40 years under the burning heat of rival fundamentalisms. In Shalimar the Clown, Rushdie uses the story of the shredding of Kashmir's secularism - of the metaphorical death of his grandfather - as a microcosm of a larger story, the collapse of the secular ideal across the world that has nearly consumed Rushdie himself.
After the partition of India, Kashmir found itself trapped between the two new nations, rubbing like a bed-sore. The valley had a Muslim majority, so many people thought it logically should have gone to the new Muslim state of Pakistan. But Kashmir's Hindu ruler decided to stay with India, because he thought her secular traditions were best able to prevent the valley breaking down into the ethnic cleansing that was causing the new border to haemorrhage so much blood. And so the sharp wedge of communal grievance entered Kashmir.
The mild, mystical Sufi brand of Islam practised in the valley was gradually displaced by an austere Arab version - Islam 3.0. The Indian government reacted with crazed violence, treating every Kashmiri Muslim as a potential insurgent, and even using mass rape as a way to "break" the population. The Muslim population became more fundamentalist, the Indians ramped up the violence again - and on and on, in an intensifying tango of death.
In the novel, Rushdie serves up the response of the Indian government to Kashmiri separatism as "a case study in how to fuck it up". The novel is littered with lines that could have been uttered by an American general from the bloody sands of Iraq - endless bragging about how many insurgents have been "taken out", followed by confused confessions that this isn't bringing down the overall amount of violence. "The trouble is, you don't even have to reach for it," he says. "It's so obvious."
He fears that - in part as a result of this - "the good guys are losing the battle within Islam. There's no question. The Islam that now exists is not the Islam that I grew up with." All over the novel, there drift bleak, depressive clouds where Rushdie seems to fear that his grandfather's Kashmir - and the other brief patches of peace in human history - are only short breaks in the story of a species determined to tear itself apart. One character laments: "Maybe tyranny, forced conversions, temple-smashing, iconoclasm, persecution and genocide were the norms and peaceful coexistence was an illusion... Maybe peace was his opium pipe-dream." Another comments that "the single most obvious truth about the history of the human race" is "the inevitable triumph of illusion over reality." As he hears these quotes, Rushdie nods. "Look at history. It's not the account of a species at peace."
As he says this, Rushdie looks into the distance with a dreamy sadness, as though he is still riding pillion on his grandfather's bicycle, watching his world and his Islam creakily pedal into oblivion. II: "It's not just about Palestine. It's about pork sandwiches, short skirts and kissing too"
In the long shadow of the World Trade Centre, Rushdie's story - of an Islam spiralling into spite - began to look different. It was no longer possible to dismiss him as an exception; he became a parable. For two decades, he has been scrambling to discover the moral to his story, endlessly tracking the " labyrinthine paranoia of the jihadi mind" as it tried to shred the secular values he knew and loved. The Satanic Verses was his first attempt to understand the new hybrid-humans midwifed by an age of mass migration - to ask what happens to the austere values of the ninth century Arabian desert when they are plunged into the swirling chaos of 20th-century London. In Shalimar the Clown, he ramps up this black exploration, creating a hero who stabs a "blasphemous" novelist in the neck and then heads to a jihadi training camp high in the Afghan hills.
For a time, Rushdie was optimistic about what would emerge from this great churn of people across the globe. He became the poet laureate of mongrelisation, a writer who rejoiced that "everywhere was now part of everywhere else. Russia, America, London, Kashmir. Our lives, our stories, flowed into one another's, were no longer our own, individual, discrete."
In 1985, he wrote - with soaring hope - that "the effect of mass migrations has been the creation of radically new types of human being: people who root themselves in ideas rather than places... people who have been obliged to define themselves - because they are so defined by others - by their otherness." But the gloriously disembodied, pan-national ideology that emerged from this swirl turned out to be his nemesis: Islamism. It is one of the many ironies in Rushdie's irony-strewn life. He sees now that as well as softening and secularising Islam for some, this uprooting has hardened Islam into a sharpened spike for more.
The mass uprooting he celebrated helped to create the Islamist pining for a fictitious lost purity that is trying to kill him, a desperate quest to recreate the Mecca of Mohammed in the world's cold concrete jungles: "I have spent a lot of my life looking positively at the consequences of migration. Now I'm being forced to see that there's a nightmare as well as a dream."
Rushdie sees his career as falling into three acts. In the first, he wrote about his lost homelands - India and Pakistan. Then he wrote about the transition from that world to Britain, the journey across water to the West. "And now I think that the third act is to say, 'All right, all that happened,'" he explains. "The world has become this mixed up place, the age of mass migration has taken place and we live in its aftermath - now what?"
He fears that many people are wilfully misunderstanding the new Islamist virus that has spread through this new world. "People have been so knocked off balance by what's going on that their normally well-functioning moral sense seems to have lost its footing." After 18 years in the Islamist cross-hairs, Rushdie wants - needs - people to understand that this new Islamic fundamentalism is not simply the lump sum of all the bad things the West has done to Muslims, reflected back at us.
At the time of the fatwa, Rushdie was widely known as a fierce and fearsome critic of US foreign policy, a man who condemned Israel's "monstrous" occupation of Palestinian lands, a man who damned Margaret Thatcher as " Mrs Torture" and warned that "British society has never been cleansed of the filth of imperialism". He risked his life traipsing through the jungles of Nicaragua to expose Ronald Reagan's illegal funding of a horde of neo-fascist guerrillas trying to topple the country's elected government.
It made no difference. He had questioned the Official Story of Islam, trying to open it up to the mixed, metaphorical dream-worlds of the modern metropolis - and for that, he had to be butchered. "It's one thing to criticise the way in which the American government is behaving, or the British government, and I have a lot of criticisms of that - in fact, nothing but criticisms," he says now. "But it's another thing to fail to see that an enemy actually exists and is extremely serious about what he wishes to do.
"If tomorrow the Israel/Palestine issue was resolved to the total happiness of all parties, it would not diminish the amount of terrorism coming out of al-Qa'ida by one jot. It's not what they're after," he adds, his foot tapping against mine as he leans forward. "Yes, it's a recruiting tool, rhetorically. Many people see there's an injustice there, and it helps them to get people into the gang, but it's not what they want. What they want is to change the nature of human life on earth into the image of the Taliban. If you want the whole earth to look like Taliban Afghanistan, then you're on the same side as them. If you don't want that, you're not. They do not represent the quest for human justice. That, I think, is one of the great mistakes of the left."
Within this Talibanist morality, there is room for great slabs of delusion and hypocrisy. In Shalimar the Clown, Rushdie shows sparingly how the jihadi fighters of Afghanistan have sex with adolescent boys, and the next day chop to pieces men they have dubbed "homosexual". "One of the great untold stories of al-Qa'ida is that they are all these men who fuck little boys. They all have these disciples who they're ostensibly training in the way of the warrior, but they're also enjoying. For a while, then they go off - and they have their wives and families at home. It's like Classical Greece." Does he think Osama bin Laden has done it? "I wouldn't like to say," he says tactfully. "He's an Arab, he's not an Afghan. But Mullah Omar, he's another story..."
He senses soft racism in the refusal to see Islamic fundamentalists for what they are. When looking at the Christian fundamentalists of the United States, most people see an autonomous movement of superstitious madmen. But when they look at their Islamic equivalents, they assume they cannot mean what they say. "One of the things that's commonly said by Islamists is that it's acceptable to bomb a disco, because a disco is a place where people are behaving in a disgusting way. Go away and die - that's all bin Laden wants you to do. It's not just about Iraq, it's about ham sandwiches and kissing in public places and sex with girls you're not married to." He pauses. "It's about life."
It horrifies Rushdie that so many people in his natural political home - the left - don't get it. They seem to imagine that when people call for a novelist to be beheaded for blasphemy, they are really calling for a return to the 1967 borders, or an independent Kashmir, or an end to the occupation of Iraq. As he says this, I blurt out a repellent question: was there a small part of him on September 11 that felt almost relieved - that thought: " Now they'll understand"? He pauses, a long pause, the only one in this interview. Have I offended him? But he answers with the same contemplative calm as before. "It wasn't, actually. What an awful thing to think. But... but I remember after 9/11 that a lot of people did finally get it, and I remember thinking - it's a shame that 3,000 people had to die for something pretty obvious to get through people's heads."
III: The quiet American, and the art of slitting our own throats
Rushdie has looked down the barrel of Islamism, smelt its cordite, and survived. So he is perpetually being asked - how do we lift the collective fatwa on our transport systems, our nightclubs, our cities? How do we scrape meaning from his misery? "When people ask me how the West should adapt to Muslim sensitivities, I always say - the question is the wrong way round. The West should go on being itself. There is nothing wrong with the things that for hundreds of years have been acceptable - satire, irreverence, ridicule, even quite rude commentary - why the hell not?
"But you see it every day, this surrender," he says. He runs through a list of the theatres and galleries that have censored themselves in the face of religious fundamentalist protests. He mentions that the entire British media - from the BBC down - placed itself in purdah during the Mohammed cartoons episode. "What I fear most is that, when we look back in 25 years' time at this moment, what we will have seen is the surrender of the West, without a shot being fired. They'll say that in the name of tolerance and acceptance, we tied our own hands and slit our own throats. One of the things that have made me live my entire life in these countries is because I love the way people live here."
Rushdie sees surrender stamped on every one of the "faith schools" being constructed by Tony Blair. "To say the solution to the problems religion has caused is more religion... it's just crazy," he says. It will only reinforce the sealing off of Muslims from the world that is symbolised by the veil, which he sees as a hideous anti-feminist shroud, " a one-woman tent".
And he has another blast at Blair: looking to the United States as our anti-Islamist saviour is, he explains, a "terrible mistake. America, like all superpowers, uses only the criterion of self-interest. That's the way in which a superpower operates, whether it's the Soviet Union or the United States. The criterion is what serves the interests of the power. When that coincides with what we call liberal democratic values then, yeah, it will be on that side. But superpowers of every stripe have a history of installing puppets which will serve their interests. Whether it's in Nicaragua, or the Shah of Iran. You can't look to a superpower as a moral arbiter, because its job is not morality. Its job is the preservation of its sphere of influence."
I ask what he thinks about Christopher Hitchens' belief that the US has become a Jeffersonian superpower, bent on spreading democracy across the globe. "It's not true. It's just not true," he says. "You know, I met [Paul] Wolfowitz at Christopher's house on one occasion. And Wolfowitz turned out to be a really nice man - very charming, extremely intelligent, quite self-critical. Many things that you might not have expected him to be. But false idealism, as we know from Graham Greene, can be fantastically self-destructive." So Wolfowitz, a former Deputy Secretary of Defense, is Alden Pyle, the Quiet American, wreaking havoc in the name of righteousness? "Yes. I do think that someone in the name of virtue can do terrible damage, for entirely virtuous reasons. But I've never seen great power as having a moral dimension." Just after we meet, it is estimated by The Lancet that 650,000 Iraqis have been killed due to Quiet Americans (and Brits).
And the curse of amoral nuclear might applies to another country Rushdie knows well - Pakistan. He says the situation there is "scary, extremely scary" - much more so than the Iranian near-bomb that rivets our headlines. His old country is, he says, "one assassination away from having Islamic fanatics in charge of a functioning nuclear weapon, which they may not mind using". Rushdie feels sick to be "put into the position of hoping that Pervez Musharraf [the country's dictator] has a long and healthy life just because - what is the old rhyme? Keep a hold of nurse so you don't get something worse? Because behind Musharraf there is the possibility of something much worse. He's an arsehole, a dictator, no better than Zia, but in the ISI [the Pakistani security services] there are people much worse, who want a very radical Islamist state."
And there is a serious, searing danger they will wage war with India to reclaim - our conversation has come full circle - Kashmir. It seems a cruelly bleak irony to end on: the possibility of his grandfather's beloved symbol of peace, love and understanding, morphing in one lifetime into the likeliest cause of nuclear war anywhere on earth. It's our final note: his symbol of pluralism and tolerance, reduced to the brink of becoming a smoking radioactive husk.
As we walk out on to the street, exchanging jangling pleasantries after a gruelling conversation, it seems odd - disturbing - to see him walking into a car alone. As he drives away, I think of an old quote Rushdie is fond of. In Saul Bellow's novel The Dean's December, the central character hears a dog barking wildly somewhere. He imagines the barking is the dog's protest against the jarring limitations of dog experience. "For God's sake," the dog is saying, "open the universe a little more!"
That, too, is Rushdie's message in this fight between the democratic-Muslim ideals of his grandfather and the psychotic-Muslim delusions of his assassins. It is a fight between people who want to open the universe a little more, and those who want to shrivel the universe into the stultified vision of one book and one man who lived in a desert more than a millennium ago.
4 parts oil and 1 part beeswax
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| Version|3.0 ($Rev: 1845 $)|
| Date|$Date: 2007-03-16 15:19:22 +1000 (Fri, 16 Mar 2007) $|
| Source|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#SaveCloseTiddlerPlugin|
| Author|Simon Baird <simon.baird@gmail.com>|
| License|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#TheBSDLicense|
To use these you must add them to the tool bar in your EditTemplate
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!New
https://immunityageing.biomedcentral.com/
https://www.bmj.com/infographics
http://www.plantmedicinenews.com/
https://interestingengineering.com/
https://journals.lww.com/md-journal/pages/default.aspx
https://pubs.rsc.org/en/journals/journalissues/fo#!recentarticles&adv
https://jandonline.org/
https://www.jci.org/
https://bjsm.bmj.com/
https://www.chemistryworld.com/
http://www.mdpi.com/
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/
[[Pharmaceutical Biology|http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/iphb20/current]]
[[Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (eCAM)|https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/]]
https://www.sciencedaily.com/
https://academic.oup.com/ije
!Meta searchers
Key words: ''nutraceutical products'', "literature review", "systematic review of the literature", "Meta-Analysis"
----
https://allmedx.com/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/
https://www.semanticscholar.org/
[[cochranelibrary|http://www.thecochranelibrary.com/view/0/index.html]]
http://www.cochrane.org/
[[NHS evidence base|https://www.evidence.nhs.uk]]
http://www.bmj.com/uk/research
[[NICE|https://www.evidence.nhs.uk/nhs-evidence-content/medicines-information]]
!Nutrition
https://academic.oup.com/asn
https://clinicalnutritionespen.com/
https://academic.oup.com/ajcn
[[Journal of international sports nutrition|http://www.jissn.com/]]
http://www.todaysdietitian.com/current_issue.shtml
http://nutritionreviews.oxfordjournals.org/
https://www.bda.uk.com/foodfacts/home
https://www.todaysdietitian.com/
https://www.nutrition.org.uk/nutritionscience/researchspotlight.html
https://www.criticalcarenutrition.com/systematic-reviews
https://academic.oup.com/ajcn
[[The journal of nutrition|http://jn.nutrition.org]]
[[Cambridge Journals - articles on Nutrition|http://journals.cambridge.org/action/login]]
[[Pubmed dietary subset search|https://ods.od.nih.gov/Research/PubMed_Dietary_Supplement_Subset.aspx]]
https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/
[[Nutrition and Metabolism|http://www.nutritionandmetabolism.com/]]
!Herbs and traditional medicines
[[Journal of Ethnopharmacology|http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03788741]]
[[Search engine for medical research|http://www.searchmedica.co.uk]]
https://aestheticsjournal.com/
http://examine.com/
http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/infocenter/
Detailed dosage information at http://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements
[[Health academy reports|https://courses.thehealthsciencesacademy.org/library/#sr43]]
!Supplement analysis
https://bodynutrition.org/
https://www.nutraceuticalsworld.com/
[[Journal of dietary supplements|https://www.tandfonline.com/toc/ijds20/current]]
https://labdoor.com/
http://www.nutraceuticalsworld.com
[[Natural products association|http://www.npainfo.org/NPA/Consumers/NPA/For_Consumers.aspx?consumers=1]]
https://naturalmedicines.therapeuticresearch.com/
!Journals
https://www.cell.com/
https://www.cambridge.org/core/societies/nutrition-society
[[iiiee|http://ieeexplore.ieee.org]]
[[American heart association journals|http://www.ahajournals.org/]]
[[American Journal of Clinical Nutrition|http://www.ajcn.org/]]
[[biomedcentral Journals|http://www.biomedcentral.com/journals]]
[[British journal of sports medicine|http://bjsm.bmj.com/]]
[[dovepress journals|http://www.dovepress.com/browse_journals.php]]
[[European pubmed central|http://europepmc.org/]]
http://www.renalandurologynews.com/
[[FDA|http://www.fda.gov/]]
[[Harvard Health|http://www.health.harvard.edu/]]
[[Journal of biological chemistry|http://www.jbc.org/]]
[[Mercola|http://www.mercola.com/]]
[[Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism|http://jcem.endojournals.org/]]
[[Medical News Today|http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/]] - news from research papers
[[Medline|http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus]]
[[Nature - journals|http://www.nature.com/siteindex/index.html]]
[[Nutraingredients|http://www.nutraingredients.com/]]
[[Springer research documents|http://link.springer.com/]]
[[Pubmed gov|http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed]]
[[Wiley online library|http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/]]
http://www.lipidworld.com/ - not added to search yet
https://www.biomedcentral.com/journals
http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/current
Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology
http://cancerpreventionresearch.aacrjournals.org/
!!Collections of journals
http://www.tandfonline.com/
http://www.wholehealthinsider.com/
!!Skin
http://www.the-dermatologist.com/node
----
Search for medical evidence from only these websites: <<tiddler "Google search template" with: "005363762118272804545:z5nqunwhycs">>
!Information on Drugs and supplements
[[cosmeticsinfo.org|http://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/]]
[[druglib drugs database|http://www.druglib.com/]]
[[Drugs (US) - info on marketed drugs|http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/about.cfm]]
[[drugs.com|http://www.drugs.com]]
[[Drugs digest|http://www.drugdigest.org/wps/portal/ddigest]]
[[european medicines agency|http://www.ema.europa.eu]]
[[Factsheets on supplements|http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/list-all]]
[[Herbs and supplements lists the evidence|http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/herb_All.html]]
[[National library of medicine dietary supplements|http://dietarysupplements.nlm.nih.gov]]
[[Office of dietary supplements|http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/list-all]]
----
Search for information about the drugs you are buying: <<tiddler "Google search template" with: "005363762118272804545:toja6c3lkvc">>
!General medical advice
[[Peoples pharmacy|http://www.peoplespharmacy.com/]]
[[Mercola - A doctors site - own agenda but sound advice eg coconut oil|http://www.mercola.com/]]
[[ahrq - Agency for healthcare research and quality|http://www.ahrq.gov/]]
[[emedicinehealth.com|http://www.emedicinehealth.com]]
[[Greenmedinfo - Nutrition research based evidence|http://www.greenmedinfo.com/]]
[[Health psychology|http://healthpsych.psy.vanderbilt.edu/index.htm]]
[[labtests explained|http://labtestsonline.org/]]
[[Life Extension Foundation is the largest organization dedicated to investigating every method of extending the healthy human life span|http://www.lef.org/]]
[[medicalnewstoday|http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/]]
[[UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency |http://www.mhra.gov.uk/index.htm]]
[[medscape reference|http://reference.medscape.com]]
[[merckmanuals|http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/index.html]]
Search for information about health issues and conditions: <<tiddler "Google search template" with: "005363762118272804545:z5nqunwhycs">>
+++^[Search Engines]
|''Startpage uncensored''|https://startpage.com/do/mypage.pl?prf=5403b8f13b14b199a6226dc54227eeb0|
|''Duckduckgo''|https://duckduckgo.com|
|Find articles|http://www.findarticles.com/|
|Google|http://google.com|
|Clusty|http://clusty.com/|
|Yahoo|http://www.yahoo.com|
|About com|http://search.about.com|
|Lycos Home Page|http://lycos.cs.cmu.edu|
|Altavista|http://www.altavista.digital.com|
|askjeeves|http://www.askjeeves.co.uk|
|Dogpile|http://www.dogpile.com/index.gsp|
|Hotbot|http://www.hotbot.com|
!Directories
|Google directory|http://www.google.co.uk/dirhp?hl=en|
!Other
|How Stuff Works| http://www.howstuffworks.com|
|Wikipedia|http://en.wikipedia.org/|
!Video
|metatube|http://www.metatube.net/index.php|
===
+++[Videos]
http://www.5min.com/
===
+++[Google search operators]
https://www.google.com/insidesearch/tipstricks/basics.html
http://www.googleguide.com/advanced_operators.html
----
|''Web Search''|allinanchor:, allintext:, allintitle:, allinurl:, cache:, define:, ''filetype:'', id:, inanchor:, info:, intext:, intitle:, ''inurl:'', link:, ''location'':,related:, ''site:''|
|''Image Search''|allintitle:, allinurl:, filetype:, inurl:, intitle:, site:|
|''Groups''|allintext:, allintitle:, author:, group:, insubject:, intext:, intitle:|
|''Directory''|allintext:, allintitle:, allinurl:, ext:, filetype:, intext:, intitle:, inurl:|
|''News ''| allintext:, allintitle:, allinurl:, intext:, intitle:, inurl:, location:, ''source:''|
|''Product Search''|allintext:, allintitle:|
===
----
https://www.google.co.uk/shopping
----
http://www.newsnow.co.uk
http://www.searchmedica.co.uk/
----
MiniBrowser
[[Wikipedia|Wikipeida search window]]
----
<html>
<!-- Google CSE Search Box Begins -->
<style type="text/css">
@import url(http://www.google.com/cse/api/branding.css);
</style>
<div class="cse-branding-bottom" style="background-color:#FFFFFF;color:#000000">
<div class="cse-branding-form">
<form action="http://www.google.com/cse" id="searchbox_005363762118272804545:uavvtd6nc6c">
<input type="hidden" name="cx" value="005363762118272804545:uavvtd6nc6c" />
<input type="text" name="q" size="25" />
<input type="submit" name="sa" value="Search" />
</form>
</div>
<div class="cse-branding-logo">
<img src="http://www.google.com/images/poweredby_transparent/poweredby_FFFFFF.gif" alt="Google" />
</div>
<div class="cse-branding-text">
Custom Search
</div>
</div>
<!-- Google CSE Search Box Ends -->
</html>
+++^[Search Engines]
|Startpage|https://startpage.com/|
|Duckduck|https://duckduckgo.com/|
|Google|http://google.com|
|Clusty|http://clusty.com/|
|Yahoo|http://www.yahoo.com|
|About com|http://search.about.com|
|Lycos Home Page|http://lycos.cs.cmu.edu|
|Altavista|http://www.altavista.digital.com|
|askjeeves|http://www.askjeeves.co.uk|
|Dogpile|http://www.dogpile.com/index.gsp|
|Hotbot|http://www.hotbot.com|
!Directories
|Google directory|http://www.google.co.uk/dirhp?hl=en|
!Other
|How Stuff Works| http://www.howstuffworks.com|
|Wikipedia|wikipedia.org/ http://en.wikipedia.org/|
!Video
|metatube|http://www.metatube.net/index.php|
===
!The Law
*Employment Agency Regulations (“Regulations”) became law in April 2004
*Limited Companies can opt out.
*Inland Revenue IR35
!Contractor Information
http://www.contractoruk.com/
http://www.startups.co.uk
http://www.shout99.com/contractors/index.pl?n=10
http://www.taxationweb.co.uk/
!Income and Tax Calculators
http://www.contractorumbrella.com/calculator.html
http://www.ir35calc.co.uk/
!Form your own company?
*[[Umbrella Companies]]
http://www.umbrellasupermarket.com/
----
*http://www.contractoruk.com/online_company_formation/registration_agent.html
!!Form a Ltd company
http://www.contractorcalculator.co.uk/limited_companies.aspx
https://www.beautybay.com/l/theordinary/
Type the text for 'New Tiddler'
[[DMAE skin cream]]
https://www.wikihow.com/Make-Vitamin-C-Serum
https://labmuffin.com/easy-5-minute-diy-vitamin-c-serum-recipe/
Use of vitamin C makes the skin sensitive to sunlight, so make sure you use a good sunscreen every day in the morning.
Type the text for 'New Tiddler'
PBS Airdate: March 26, 2002 Go to the companion Web site
NARRATOR: They were alone, trapped in the ice-covered waters of Antarctica's treacherous seas. "Frozen," as one man put it, "like an almond in the middle of a chocolate bar."
The year was 1915, and the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition had ground to a halt. Twenty-eight men fought unceasingly to save their ship from the onslaught of the ice. The outside world had no idea of their predicament as they drifted helplessly towards uncharted waters. With civilization over 1000 miles away, only static crackling could be heard through their radio headset. Confronted with the approach of the Antarctic winter and the coldest climate on earth, they were about to be pushed to the limits of human endurance.
PETER WORDIE (Son of James Wordie): My father never--to any of us, his children--ever discussed the Endurance expedition. Occasionally an odd statement came out, but he was extraordinarily reticent. He never let us read his diaries when he was alive. They were locked up.
ALEXANDER MACKLIN (Son of Endurance doctor Alexander Macklin): In some ways it was almost as if the situation never happened. And that's probably because my father always felt that without having been there, without having experienced, without having suffered and endured, that it would be very difficult for anybody outside that to understand.
MARY CREAN O'BRIEN (Daughter of Endurance seaman Tom Crean): My father didn't speak too much about the Antarctic. I often wondered, was it too hard? Did he want to forget it? But he did say they had a tough time. And the one thing he did show us now was his ears. They had suffered frostbite. They were like boards.
NARRATOR: One man above all bore responsibility for their survival: Sir Ernest Shackleton. A veteran of polar exploration, he knew that anyone trapped in this hostile region would be stalked by starvation, insanity and death. For Shackleton, the stark reality of their plight was terrifyingly clear. With no chance of rescue it was up to him to get his men out alive.
Their struggle would become legend, a testament to the human spirit and an epic adventure of a heroic age.
Major funding for NOVA is provided by the Park Foundation, dedicated to education and quality television.
This program is funded in part by the Northwestern Mutual Foundation. Some people already know Northwestern Mutual can help plan for your children's education. Are you there yet? Northwestern Mutual Financial Network.
Science: it's given us the framework to help make wireless communications clear. Sprint PCS is proud to support NOVA.
Morgan Stanley is proud to support Shackleton's Voyage of Endurance.
And by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, and by contributions to your PBS station from viewers like you. Thank you.
NARRATOR: In 1913, an Anglo-Irish explorer named Sir Ernest Shackleton set an ambitious goal:
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: After the conquest of the South Pole there remained but one great object--the first crossing of the Antarctic continent from sea to sea. The distance will be roughly 1800 miles; half will be over unknown ground. Every step will advance geographic science. It will be the greatest polar journey ever attempted.
ROLAND HUNTFORD (Historian and Author): Shackleton was an inordinately ambitious man. He was searching for greatness, for reputation. And it just so happened that polar exploration offered him the opportunity.
JONATHAN SHACKLETON (Ernest Shackleton's cousin): He had a huge amount of energy. He was full of enterprise. He was very good-natured. And anybody who ever met him saw that this was someone who was going to get on with people and he was going to get on with what he wanted to do in life.
NARRATOR: Shackleton left boarding school at age 16 and joined the navy to sail around the world. But he was soon drawn to the glory of exploration, as he accompanied Robert Scott on his attempt to reach the South Pole in 1902. Like beasts of burden they man-hauled supplies, but failed to bring enough to ward off cold, starvation and scurvy. Over 400 miles from the pole they were forced to give up.
At 28, Shackleton's ravaged face betrayed the suffering he had endured. Scott dismissed him as "our invalid," and sent him home to England. It was a devastating indictment but not one shared by the public, which idolized these men as heroes.
Six years later, Shackleton launched his own assault on the pole with Siberian ponies. Only 97 miles from the prize he made the agonizing decision to turn back rather than risk the lives of his men.
While praising Shackleton for lifting the veil from Antarctica, Norwegian explorer Roald Amundson noted,
ROALD AMUNDSON VOICEOVER: If Shackleton had been equipped in dogs and, above all, skis, and understood their use, well, then the South Pole would have been a closed chapter.
NARRATOR: Two years later, Amundson claimed the Pole for Norway. Undaunted, Shackleton applied his ambition to the crossing of the continent.
JONATHAN SHACKLETON: Shackleton was the most charming, persistent beggar you have ever met. And he had a wonderful way of being able to get money for his expeditions. His outgoing, open approach to things disarmed people. I'm not saying disarmed them of their money, but people took an instant liking to him.
NARRATOR: Born into the middle class, Shackleton's marriage to the affluent Emily Dorman helped him court patrons. With gifts and loans, he purchased a ship and christened her the Endurance, after his family motto, "By Endurance we conquer."
As war threatened Europe, Shackleton offered his ship and service to the British Navy, which declined, convinced the fighting would be over in months.
Left alone to raise their three children, Emily wrote,
EMILY SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: I think fairy tales are to be blamed for half the misery in the world. I never let my children read, "and they were married and lived happily ever after."
NARRATOR: On the eve of World War One, the Endurance departed for Antarctica. On board were 69 excited sled dogs and a 28-man crew of seamen, scientists, adventurers and escapists. For Shackleton, personality mattered more than a man's experience with ice and snow.
JULIAN AYER (Grandson of Colonel Thomas Orde-Lees): My grandfather met Ernest Shackleton by replying to an advertisement that was in the personal columns of The Times that read, "Men wanted for hazardous journey. Small wages. Bitter cold. Long months of complete darkness. Constant danger. Safe return doubtful. Honor and recognition in case of success. Ernest Shackleton." And such an advertisement would be absolute catnip to my grandfather, Colonel Orde-Lees. He couldn't resist it.
TOM MCNEISH (Grandson of Endurance carpenter Chippy McNeish): My grandfather, Chippy McNeish, saw an advertisement in the paper, and it said you might not return. So he went and seen about it and got it.
NARRATOR: Around 5000 men applied. Shackleton's sheer willpower and personal magnetism made him an irresistible leader.
ROLAND HUNTFORD: This has got to do with some force of character, some flame that burns within a man. You can't learn it. You can't develop it. It's something you radiate. He had this.
NARRATOR: From England, the Endurance crossed the Atlantic to Buenos Aires then headed towards Antarctica. Within days she entered the notoriously stormy waters of the Southern Ocean.
Expedition photographer Frank Hurley, who had previously filmed in the region, described the Endurance's passage through the winds known as the "Roaring Forties:"
FRANK HURLEY VOICEOVER: For a week, he has flung magnificent power at our starboard quarter, but, beyond an occasional monster leaping aboard to flood our decks, we have ambled buoyantly south, flung from side to side.
NARRATOR: On November 5th, the towering ranges of South Georgia, a sub-Antarctic island, came into view. The Endurance dropped anchor in Grytviken, a dingy whaling station surrounded by snow-capped mountains. It was the peak of the whaling season and 300 men worked the station, stripping blubber off the carcasses.
TIM CARR (Curator, South Georgia Whaling Museum): When Shackleton arrived at Grytviken, whale catchers were coming in with their catches. And they're saying there's a lot of ice around, and this appeared to them to be a reasonably bad year for ice. This was a bit of a warning to him, and they were prepared to wait a little bit for the ice to open up.
NARRATOR: The days in South Georgia passed pleasantly as the men roamed the island, discovering its magnificent wildlife and scenery. Frank Hurley enlisted help to haul equipment up a nearby mountain to photograph the Endurance at harbor. He was, according to one man, "a warrior with his camera, who'd do anything to get a picture."
Shackleton spent time with local whalers learning about Antarctica's ice-ridden Weddell Sea, infamous for crushing ships. By the end of December he hoped to reach Vahsel Bay, a landing point that gave him the shortest route across Antarctica. From here, he would sledge inland with five men-and-dog teams in a desperate race to reach the other side before the polar winter arrived.
SIR RANULPH FIENNES (Explorer and Author): If you want to try and cross the whole inland plateau, which is bigger than China, you only have a very short period of time when human beings can travel--between November and March to get from A to B--if you're going to survive. If you overstayed or you set out too early you'd almost certainly be killed by the cold.
NARRATOR: With the southern summer warming South Georgia and war engulfing Europe, Shackleton grew desperate to depart. He could only pray the ice would not impede them.
RICHARD HUDSON (Son): I have here a letter, which my father wrote to his father, dated from South Georgia on the 2nd of December 1914. It says, "Dear old Dad, just a line before we sail. This is the last port before the South. We have had a very good time so far, and I think we shall do well. I hope to be home again within 19 months and, if I can manage it, go straight to the front. What a glorious age we live in."
NARRATOR: As South Georgia disappeared, Alexander Macklin, the ship's doctor, observed,
ALEXANDER MACKLIN VOICEOVER: We had now cut ourselves adrift from civilization and were making our way off the map. We met several large 'bergs drifting majestically north, and in contrast to their absolute whiteness the sea had a dark black look.
NARRATOR: But Shackleton watched with alarm. As they encountered stream ice he ordered the sails taken in and proceeded cautiously under steam. Checking the noon latitude he was shocked to find ice so far north and knew it meant delays.
Orde-Lees, a captain in the military, described their enemy:
COLONEL ORDE-LEES VOICEOVER: This, then, is the pack, a sight worth coming so far to see. And even as I write the book is constantly being jerked from under my pen as the ship takes the shock of charging each slab, and we go along, scrunch, scrunch through the pack.
TIM CARR: To go through those large blocks of ice in a wooden ship is a pretty horrendous experience. It feels as if the boat is being hammered by heavy objects, and the noise is severe. You think the boat is really being punished.
RANULPH FIENNES: You need to know what sort of bang was an alarming one and what was just normal, because a lot of ships who behave wrongly in that sort of pack ice go down terribly quickly.
NARRATOR: To battle the ice, the Endurance was sheathed in greenheart, one of the toughest woods available. Shackleton tried to avoid direct hits, scanning the horizon for patches of open water. He shouted orders to the captain, Frank Worsley, who in turn directed the man at the wheel.
In contrast to Shackleton's caution, Macklin noticed,
ALEXANDER MACKLIN VOICEOVER: Worsley specialized in ramming, and I have a sneaking suspicion that he often went out of his way to find a nice piece of floe at which he could drive at full speed and cut in two. He loved to feel the shock, the riding up, and the sensations as the ice gave and we drove through.
NARRATOR: For weeks the Endurance fought her way through the ice-locked sea consuming her precious supply of coal.
Finally, Orde-Lees observed,
COLONEL ORDE-LEES VOICEOVER: Dame Fortune, Sir Ernest's old and constant friend, again favored us...for a rift appeared...southward and we passed through.
NARRATOR: On New Year's Eve, Frank Hurley's diary reflected the hopefulness that had settled over the ship:
FRANK HURLEY VOICEOVER: About midnight, we crossed the Antarctic Circle with a glorious sunset reflecting in placid waters, and so entered geographic Antarctica with the dawn of the new year.
NARRATOR: Below him stood Shackleton, relieved to see open waters. He knew the Endurance could forge ahead with 24 hours of summer daylight to guide her.
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: The run southward in blue water with the miles falling away behind us was a joyful experience after the long struggle through the ice lanes.
NARRATOR: Nine days later, the Endurance drew near to the coast of Antarctica, a solid wall of ice with cliffs reaching over one hundred feet.
Macklin was amazed:
ALEXANDER MACKLIN VOICEOVER: It was an awe-inspiring sight, and radiating from its surface an intense cold could be felt.
NARRATOR: By January 18th, Shackleton was only a day's sail from his landing point in Vahsel Bay. Once again he was confronted by the pack. With the promise of open water just beyond its grip, Shackleton decided to enter.
Slowly he realized this was a more dangerous type of ice. The soft, snowy floes began to harden around the ship like concrete. Unable to push through without drastically depleting their fuel, Shackleton made a fateful decision. They would stand still and wait.
The next day Frank Wild, Shackleton's second in command, described their predicament:
FRANK WILD VOICEOVER: We were so firmly enclosed by the pack that no movement was possible, and from the masthead not a sign of open water could be seen. Shackleton was of course disappointed...but...optimistic about being able to get free.
NARRATOR: With land 30 miles to the South, Shackleton considered walking over the frozen ocean to launch his Antarctic crossing. But summer was halfway over, and time was against him.
RANULPH FIENNES: ...because just trying to cross 20 miles of loose sea ice with full sledges could take a month. And when he got over that sea ice, he'd be starting a vastly formidable journey in a bad state. But he did know that if he just stayed on the ship they might get back out and have a good chance of continuing.
NARRATOR: Confident in the man they called "the boss," the crew patiently waited, hopeful that a change in wind would soon shatter the pack's grip.
Four newborn puppies provided the men with a welcomed distraction. Irish sailor Tom Crean nursed them like a father. According to Worsley, "everything that was missing in the eatable line was stolen by Crean for the pups."
PETER WORDIE: From the diaries, it would appear that they were all made by Shackleton to get on with the daily routine, which obviously had the effect of keeping morale up. And I think Shackleton himself, with his Irish background and ability to communicate and join in, made everybody feel that they were one. It was a team and not a "them and us" situation.
NARRATOR: As the delay dragged on the men hunted seals and penguins to supplement their provisions. With temperatures plummeting to minus 30 degrees, the meat froze immediately.
Since the sailors had little to do, biologist Bobby Clark engaged them to pull up his wire dredge from the ocean floor, 3000 feet below. Noticing Clark's excitement when he discovered something, the men tricked him by slipping strands of spaghetti into his container.
Although Shackleton had no great interest in the work of the scientists, they had helped him to raise money by making his expedition respectable. Despite differences in rank and background, he insisted that everyone share equally in the burden of ship's chores.
ALEXANDER MACKLIN: Although Shackleton had gathered a number of specialists around him, many of these specialists were required to undertake tasks that were wholly out with their previous experience. Here was my father, a newly qualified surgeon, signed on in order for his medical skills, suddenly finding himself assigned to being a dog-team leader.
NARRATOR: With no experienced dog trainer on board, Shackleton chose the men crossing the continent with him to learn how to drive the teams. Frank Wild and his beloved husky, Soldier, would train one group. Hurley got Shakespeare, "the Holy Hound," who he praised as "a magnificent animal" that "as a companion was better than some humans."
As the men struggled with the traces, yelled confusing commands, Shackleton looked on, perhaps wondering if they could possibly survive the trans-Antarctic crossing with its treacherous crevasses and weather.
He asked Orde-Lees to try out the motorized tractor. Brought to pull supplies across the continent, it had never been tested in below zero temperatures. Ironically, it was easier to pull it than drive it.
Increasingly anxious about their plight, Orde-Lees, with his military background, begged Shackleton to let him manage their limited food supplies.
JULIAN AYER: You know he was the only serving officer, and here were these, as he saw it, a bunch of amateurs, sailing down to the Antarctic, consuming the stores as though they had no care in the world. And he made his views known on the way down. And then later on, seeing this profligate crew, he made it his business to kind of squirrel away food--just in case. Now, of course, if you're a soldier, you do have a feeling about life and death, and you have a worst-case principle of management. The lives of your men depend on an officer thinking these things in advance. Shackleton came from a wholly different school.
COLONEL ORDE-LEES VOICEOVER: He was one of the greatest optimists living...
NARRATOR: ...observed Orde-Lees in his diary. But he later noted,
COLONEL ORDE-LEES VOICEOVER: Optimism so often raises false hopes, causes disappointment.
NARRATOR: On Valentine's Day open water appeared 600 yards ahead of the ship. With no dynamite to blast their way through, Shackleton ordered everyone out with saws and picks to carve a channel through the pack. Frank Hurley captured their struggle on film.
For 48 hours they worked unceasingly. But as fast as they broke the ice, the pool of open water surrounding the ship froze over. The Endurance couldn't batter her way through. From the deck, Shackleton surveyed the 400 yards of ice, 10 feet thick, still blocking the ship, and accepted defeat.
Macklin recalled,
ALEXANDER MACKLIN VOICEOVER: Shackleton at this time showed one of his sparks of real greatness. He did not rage at all, or show outwardly the slightest sign of disappointment. He told us simply and calmly that we must winter in the pack, explained its dangers and possibilities, never lost his optimism.
ROLAND HUNTFORD: He realized at that moment he was not going to be able to cross the continent. So, although in his heart of hearts he knew the game was up, nonetheless, he had the quality of leadership, he could hide his feelings and thoughts from his companions. And he presented to them the mask that he wanted to present, and nobody grasped what was going on--because at that point he had to keep up their morale up. And that involved keeping up the pretense that the expedition could go on, because there is nothing that can crush a man as to see his dreams crumble to the dust.
NARRATOR: In May, the sun sank below the horizon and the long Antarctic winter began. Shackleton was haunted by the knowledge that men on earlier expeditions had been driven mad by months of perpetual darkness. Worried that disheveled appearances were a sign of low morale, he insisted that everyone crop their hair.
McNeish, the carpenter, observed,
CHIPPY MCNEISH VOICEOVER: We look the lot of convicts and we are not much short of that life at present...but still hoping to get back to civilization some day.
NARRATOR: As the harsh weather descended the men settled into their winterized quarters, nicknamed "the Ritz." Leonard Hussey, the meteorologist, amused the men with his banjo. Hurley gave weekly lantern shows, flickering images of past travels across a makeshift screen. Saturday evenings ended with the weekly toast "to our wives and sweethearts," followed quickly by the chorus, "may they never meet."
On Sundays, the gang listened to records on a hand-cranked gramophone. Among the recordings was Sir Ernest's account of his last attempt to reach the South Pole in 1909:
RECORDING OF SHACKLETON VOICE: We retraced our steps over crevasses, through soft snow, encountering blizzards, and, eventually, on the first of March we arrived at winter quarters.
NARRATOR: Orde-lees reflected,
COLONEL ORDE-LEES VOICEOVER: We seem to be a wonderfully happy family, but I think Sir Ernest is the real secret of our unanimity. Considering our divergent aims and difference of station it is surprising how few differences of opinion occur.
NARRATOR: Nonetheless, friction lurked beneath the surface. The costume parties and musical evenings prompted McNeish to complain,
CHIPPY MCNEISH VOICEOVER: We have never had a religious service, but plenty of filthy remarks, as there are few who can speak of anything else.
NARRATOR: Orde-Lees, in turn, found the carpenter to be a perfect pig:
COLONEL ORDE-LEES VOICEOVER: I...sit at the same table as McNeish because I thought a little unrefined company would be good training for hut life, but...McNeish is a tough proposition. First he sucks his teeth loudly, then he produces a match and proceeds to perform various dental operations.
NARRATOR: The tension of the polar nights was sometimes broken by fantastic displays of the Southern Lights, reminding Shackleton of the natural forces surrounding them.
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: We seem to be drifting helplessly in a strange world of unreality. It is reassuring to feel the ship beneath one's feet.
NARRATOR: Since her entrapment the Endurance had drifted with the pack over 600 miles through uncharted waters. Worsley carefully checked the altitude of the stars to plot their meandering course towards the north.
On June 8th, McNeish confided in his diary,
CHIPPY MCNEISH VOICEOVER: We have drifted twelve miles nearer home, and the Lord be thanked for that much as I am about sick of the whole thing.
NARRATOR: Imprisoned by the ice, their fate lay in the hands of the winds and currents.
ARNOLD GORDON (Oceanographer, Columbia University): The drift of the pack ice varies with the strength of the wind. When the wind is blowing strong, the ice is moving rapidly to the north. Of course, when the wind is blowing strong that's usually when you have a blizzard, but at least you knew at this time, when the winds were strong and to the north, that the ice was moving rapidly to the north and eventually will take you out of this.
NARRATOR: As winter receded, Worsley described how the darkness gave way to twilight:
FRANK WORSELY VOICEOVER: Every day we see the glowing colors painted by the sun. Every day they last a little longer and stretch a little further.
NARRATOR: Ironically, as spring's thaw approached, blizzards became more frequent. One of the worst hit in mid-July, with winds blowing over 70 miles per hour. Its force carved grooves and channels into the pack, scouring ice off the surface and enveloping the ship like a sandstorm.
As the wind howled in the rigging Shackleton warned Worsley,
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: The ship can't live in this, Skipper. It is only a matter of time...What the ice gets, the ice keeps.
NARRATOR: When the blizzard subsided, the surrounding pack appeared to Worsley,
FRANK WORSLEY VOICEOVER: ...disturbed by the tossing of a mighty giant below...Huge blocks of ice were piled up in wild and threatening confusion...
NARRATOR: The breakup of the pack had finally begun as winds and currents created conflicting forces of pressure, shaking the frozen sea to life.
RANULPH FIENNES: When two ice floes meet together under pressure, the leading edges bust and then with continued pressure get forced up in between the two floes, up to even 30 feet high. These big walls, or pressure ridges, act like an enormous sail on a yacht. And the wind can shift these million tons of floes, cracking the pack.
NARRATOR: According to Worsley,
FRANK WORSELY VOICEOVER: The noise was like an enormous train with squeaky axles, and underfoot the moans and groans of damned souls in torment.
TIM CARR: They were lying in their bunks listening to this noise day and night. And not only just listening to it, it was getting worse and worse because the pressure was building up from storms from all around parts of the Weddell Sea, pushing these ridges, and pushing against the Endurance. And parts of the boat were actually starting to come apart. Some of the rigging was falling on deck. She would get jolts and thunders. I would imagine these men were really beginning to fear for their lives.
NARRATOR: The crew struggled daily to prevent the pressure of the ice from damaging the Endurance. Then in October, the Antarctic spring, the floe beneath her bow broke in two. Shackleton examined the crack, hopeful the ice might release them.
Over the next few hours water surrounded the hull. Since there wasn't enough time to start the engines the men hoisted the sails. But the Endurance was held fast. The next day the lead of open water froze over.
ARNOLD GORDON: Many ships are designed to survive the pressures of the pack ice. These ships have a round bottom; as the pressure grows the ship is lifted up out of the ice. The Endurance was not such a ship. While it did have some ice-strength capabilities the pressure that the ice would exert on the hull would crush it rather than move it up out of the ice.
NARRATOR: From the deck the crew watched apprehensively as enormous blocks of ice churned over each day and ground through the floes.
Seaman Walter Howe recalled the assault on the Endurance in a radio interview 40 years later:
ARCHIVAL AUDIO OF WALTER HOWE: Well, the ice got her under the starboard quarter and lifted her bodily, as it were, and threw her forward, and then she listed very heavily to port and the timbers began to crack and groan. It was there like heavy fireworks and blasting of guns.
NARRATOR: As Shackleton surveyed the damage he appeared astonishingly calm. His determined optimism defied the impending sense of doom.
ROLAND HUNTFORD: To the outside, he presented the appearance of complete self-control, indifference, almost casualness. And this was very calculated because at every turn his great trouble--his enemy--was not the ice, but it was his own people in the sense it was their morale. That was the foe. He had to prevent their morale from crumbling.
NARRATOR: Throughout the night, McNeish, the carpenter, struggled to repair the broken ship.
As water poured in, Orde-Lees helped man the pumps:
COLONEL ORDE-LEES VOICEOVER: We were just able to keep pace with the leakage. Down aft, one could hear the ominous sound of the in-rushing water. Our little ship was hopelessly crushed and helpless among the engulfing ice.
NARRATOR: At nine p.m., Shackleton ordered the lifeboats lowered to the floe.
Seaman Walter Howe remembered the moment:
ARCHIVAL AUDIO OF WALTER HOWE: He sent Frank Wild along forward to our quarters, who explained to us that it was a case of "get out," and to pack our bags with all necessary equipment we required, and to be prepared for any emergency.
NARRATOR: The dawn of October 27th was, according to Shackleton, "a fateful day:"
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: Though we have been compelled to abandon the ship, which is crushed beyond all hope, we are alive and have stores and equipment for the task that lies before us...I pray God I can manage to get the whole party to civilization.
NARRATOR: As men and dogs struggled onto the ice Orde-Lees expressed their shock:
COLONEL ORDE-LEES VOICEOVER: For the first time we realized that we were face to face with one of the gravest disasters that can befall a polar expedition. For the first time it came home to us that we were wrecked.
JOHN BLACKBOROW (Grandson of Endurance seaman Alexander Macklin): You've got to remember, a sailor is a sailor and that's his ship, his home. And once he's off that ship he's at a loss. So once the ship had gone, my grandfather, I know, felt not at ease on the ice.
NARRATOR: Macklin wrote,
ALEXANDER MACKLIN VOICEOVER: It must have been a moment of bitter disappointment to Shackleton, but as always with him, what had happened had happened...without emotion, melodrama or excitement (he) said, "ship and stores have gone, so now we'll go home."
ROLAND HUNTFORD: Extricating yourself from defeat is a strain that has broken many a man. It did not break Shackleton. He simply adapted to the new situation, and he realized, "if the one goal had disappeared, we'll have another one. And so if I can't cross the continent, I'm going to bring all my men back alive."
Because you mustn't forget that polar exploration was littered with dead bodies. And so he felt, "what I will do is, I will bring all my men back alive." It was his version of the old saying of "snatching victory from the jaws of defeat."
NARRATOR: Not anticipating disaster, Shackleton had brought only five small tents that would now have to shelter 28 men. To make matters worse, there were only 18 sleeping bags made with reindeer fur. Shackleton had the men draw lots to see who would have to make do with woolen blanket bags.
JONATHAN SHACKLETON: But he rigged it so that he and a couple of the other leaders didn't get the best bags, that members of the crew, seamen, got the best bags. That was a very big decision because it might have been a life or death decision for Shackleton and his other officers.
NARRATOR: Shackleton then assigned the men to their tents, choosing the most difficult individuals to be with him.
ALEXANDRA SHACKLETON (Granddaughter of Ernest Shackleton): Enmities can be sometimes extremely destructive to the harmony of an expedition--and so can alliances. So he moved people around and noticed how people were getting on with each other or not getting on with each other. But it was all based on knowing his men. It's no good knowing theoretically how to handle people if you don't really notice what people are like. And he was extremely observant.
NARRATOR: At dawn Shackleton called the men to discuss his plan. They would march toward either Snow Hill or Paulet Island, where he knew supplies had been left by shipwrecked mariners. From there he would lead a small party down the peninsula to seek help from whalers known to hunt in Wilhelmina Bay.
Because the boats on sledges weighed over a ton apiece, they were too heavy for the dogs to pull and would have to be man-hauled. Each individual could take only a handful of personal belongings. The puppies would have to be shot. There simply was no extra food to spare.
The next day, 15 men, harnessed like dogs at the traces, strained to pull the lifeboats. As the summer temperature climbed to 25 degrees they sank into the soft snow. Soaked by sweat, racked by thirst--it was killing work. After 48 hours of excruciating effort, they had covered less than two miles. Unable to advance across the frozen ocean, they would have to wait and pray that the drift of the pack would carry them closer to land.
JOHN BLACKBOROW: They were well aware that it could get worse, but at first their immediate thoughts were survival, and...that is, to get some shelter, to get some food down them and stabilize themselves. So it's only as time went on that they realized their full predicament. And that was a very depressing time for them all.
NARRATOR: The men searched for an ice floe that would be safe from the pressure and dubbed it "Ocean Camp." They would have to prepare to live on the ice.
A small group returned to the sinking Endurance to salvage wood and rigging. McNeish, the carpenter, wanted to build a smaller boat from the wreckage, but was overruled by Shackleton. Frank Hurley proposed sawing through the deck to salvage stores from the flooded hold. It was risky work, but Shackleton agreed.
Then Hurley risked his life to rescue his treasured negatives.
ANTOINETTE HURLEY MOOY (Daughter of Endurance photographer Frank Hurley): Now, when he rescued all those things from the ship, Shackleton appeared on the scene, and Shackleton wasn't at all happy about that, going down in the waters to rescue all those things. But without all that there would have been no film of the Shackleton expedition.
NARRATOR: Since most of Hurley's negatives were glass plates they were too heavy to bring on the lifeboats. Shackleton helped him select 150 of the best, but, despite Hurley's dismay, 400 would be left behind.
ANTOINETTE HURLEY MOOY: Shackleton did not like anybody going against him, and a whole lot of those plates had to be smashed. And Shackleton stood by Dad while he smashed them because I'm darned sure Shackleton would have known that Dad would have sneaked them aboard somehow.
NARRATOR: On November 21st, 1915, the Endurance finally sank beneath the ice, her valiant struggle immortalized in Hurley's images.
Shackleton simply entered in his diary,
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: At 5 p.m. she went down. The stern was the last to go under water. I cannot write about it.
NARRATOR: After two months adrift on the ice, morale was crumbling. Shackleton decided to make a second attempt to march towards land.
Macklin described the desperate conditions:
ALEXANDER MACKLIN VOICEOVER: The surface would not stand the drivers, weight and running beside the sledge was terribly hard work...but...the dog drivers went ahead carrying picks and shovels and making the road so that the boats could be brought steadily forward.
TOM MCNEISH: When they were pulling the boats in the sledges, Chippy was ill. He was ridged with piles, and the man was in agony. The whole lot of them were in agony.
NARRATOR: To McNeish, the carpenter, the inhumane march seemed an extraordinary expenditure of effort for little gain. Demoralized and exhausted, he was losing faith that Shackleton knew how to save them. Suddenly, he refused to obey orders or march any farther.
PETER WORDIE: And he pleaded that since they had lost the ship, the Endurance, no longer did ship's articles and discipline apply on the ice. Shackleton rightly said that the discipline went on regardless of whether the Endurance was lost or not.
TOM MCNEISH: Chippy was a man; he didn't like being told what to do. If Chippy didn't like it, Chippy would tell you. This is the kind of man he was. Authority meant nothing to him.
ROLAND HUNTFORD: Shackleton had to quash this immediately because there was a hidden danger here that the carpenter was voicing the opinions of two or three other members of the crew, and more for all we know. And no leader, particularly on the edge of survival, can tolerate the least threat to his authority.
NARRATOR: Confronted with the possible disintegration of the entire group, Shackleton gave a persuasive performance. He insisted he was not only the leader of the expedition but its lawful master. Wages would be paid regardless of circumstance, disobedience swiftly punished. They would only survive as a team. Reluctantly, McNeish backed down.
ALEXANDRA SHACKLETON: In his diary, my grandfather referred to it obliquely, saying, "I shall never forgive the carpenter in this time of storm and stress." You see, he demanded total loyalty from his men and he offered total loyalty in return. It was a reciprocal, very close, important relationship. That's why any discord, any disobedience, he took personally.
NARRATOR: On December 29th, Frank Wild summed up their ordeal:
FRANK WILD VOICEOVER: After seven days of the hardest imaginable labor we were stopped by ice so terribly broken and pressed up that it was impossible to proceed any further. The total result of this killing work was an advance of seven and a half miles.
NARRATOR: Ironically, Worsley's navigational readings showed that the drift of the pack had carried the men further away from land than when they had started. But for Shackleton the march had served a vital purpose.
ROLAND HUNTFORD: By proving that it was futile he showed his men, beyond a shadow of a doubt, that he had tried everything he possibly could, and therefore there could be no reproaches afterwards. And this was vital--not only to ensure obedience to orders, but it was vital to keep up morale.
NARRATOR: On New Year's Eve, Hurley captured the regret that hung over the cluster of tents named "Patience Camp:"
FRANK HURLEY VOICEOVER: Our present position one cannot altogether regard as sweet, drifting about on an ice floe 189 miles from the nearest known land. Still, to apply our old sledging motto, "it might be much worse."
NARRATOR: Hurley, who had been appointed to the official post of fire-kindler, made one New Year's resolution for 1916: "one match, one meal."
Food became the men's only comfort. For some it was an obsession. Only 10 weeks' supply of flour was left, along with three months of sledging rations. To bolster their dwindling food supply, Shackleton ordered seals and penguins to be hunted daily. Anticipating their eventual migration, Orde-Lees urged Shackleton to stockpile meat for the approaching winter. He refused.
JULIAN AYER: My grandfather thought, as a military man, that it was important to have supplies. And the famous statement that the army marches on its stomach, that seemed to him to be elementary. And I think he regarded...you know...Shackleton was a PR man as far as my grandfather was concerned...raised the cash, but there was a shallowness about Shackleton that my grandfather would have found difficult to handle.
ROLAND HUNTFORD: If you start stockpiling food, it would mean that there was disaster ahead and they were having to prepare for some awful eventuality. And Shackleton realized this would have produced mental strain, which probably would have led to insanity. And faced between starvation and insanity Shackleton chose starvation as the lesser evil.
NARRATOR: Rather than stockpile food, Shackleton ordered the dogs shot. They consumed a seal a day, whereas 28 men could feed off one animal for a week. The teams were no longer needed; sledging toward land was impossible.
Frank Wild recalled,
FRANK WILD VOICEOVER: This duty fell upon me and was the worst job I ever had in my life. I have known men I would rather shoot than the worst of dogs.
NARRATOR: Hurley found it,
FRANK HURLEY VOICEOVER: ...a sad...unfortunate necessity...Hail to thee, old Shakespeare. I shall ever remember thee: fearless, faithful and diligent.
NARRATOR: When the killing was over Macklin grieved:
ALEXANDER MACKLIN VOICEOVER: I cut them up and dressed some of them...for eating. Poor wretches, they had no idea what they were in for and drove gaily up to the scene of their execution.
NARRATOR: As the days dragged on Shackleton scribbled in his diary,
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: Please God, we will soon get ashore.
NARRATOR: For three months, Patience Camp drifted north with the pack, beyond the reach of the Antarctic Peninsula. As they approached the edge of the Weddell Sea, Shackleton knew their floe would soon break apart, and plotted their escape. Powerful winds and currents would drive their lifeboats northward where their last chance of landfall was Clarence or Elephant Island. But if they missed this refuge of rock and ice they faced being swept into the treacherous Southern Ocean where survival was almost impossible.
As waves rolled in from the north the ice moved up and down, breaking the floes apart. Shackleton kept a 24-hour watch, ready to launch the boats when the pack opened up.
ARNOLD GORDON: And it becomes a very dangerous situation because the ice is breaking up. It's moving apart and together very rapidly with the waves as they penetrate the ice. And exactly when to put the boats in the water--if you put them in too early, into a lead, then the ice just closes right up and crushes the boats, and you'd be in big trouble. If you stay too long on the ice floe you might not have enough time to prepare the boats to put into the water. So the timing was very important
NARRATOR: On April 9th, after 14 months of imprisonment by the ice, the chance to save themselves had finally arrived.
NARRATOR: But first they would have to escape the grip of the pack.
Seaman William Bakewell remembered,
WILLIAM BAKEWELL VOICEOVER: Our first day in the water was one of the coldest and most dangerous of the expedition. It was a hard race to keep our boats in the open leads...We had many narrow escapes from being crushed...
NARRATOR: Nothing in their experience had prepared the men for the ordeal to come.
ROLAND HUNTFORD (Historian and Author): First of all, for months and months on end these men on the ice had been virtually landlubbers. And most of them were certainly not small-boat people and there they were expected to maneuver open boats. As if that were not enough, they were asked to cope with the most difficult, the most dangerous conditions on the surface of the earth, on the surface of the sea.
NARRATOR: The first two nights Shackleton scanned the heaving ice for a stable floe where he could rest his demoralized crew. Their desperate searching was etched indelibly in artist George Marston's memory.
Relief was fleeting. The men laid awake to the sounds of the ice cracking under the tents and killer whales circling in the darkness.
Thereafter they stayed in the boats.
As Frank Hurley recalled:
FRANK HURLEY VOICEOVER: Several tried to snatch sleep, but most preferred rowing to lessen the pangs of shivering...Everyone was wet and achingly cold.
PETER WORDIE (Son of Endurance scientist James Wordie): At the end of the period on the oars your hands had to be actually chipped off the oars. It's very hard to imagine, when you get down into a boat after being rowing your hands are blocks of ice.
NARRATOR: A constant gnawing hunger took hold as the meager rations dwindled.
PETER WORDIE: There was no food. They had one ship's biscuit a day, which, as my father said, "we looked at for breakfast, we sucked it for lunch, and we ate it for dinner." Thirst was a problem. And I think it was during that boat journey that they chewed leather in order to keep their saliva going.
NARRATOR: On the fourth day of the journey Frank Worsley was at last able to determine their position. The boats were 30 miles east of Patience Camp. Treacherous currents were dragging them into the open ocean.
Shackleton faced an agonizing decision: to retreat to the possible shelter of the Peninsula or defy the currents in a risky bid for Elephant Island. Shackleton doubted the men could hold out much longer.
ALEXANDRA SHACKLETON (Granddaughter of Ernest Shackleton): Ernest Shackleton knew that a man can be deprived of two out of the three essentials--the essentials being food, water, and sleep--but not all three. After that he will not last very long.
NARRATOR: Shackleton thought,
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: Most of the men were now looking seriously worn and strained. Their lips were cracked and their eyes and eyelids showed red in their salt-encrusted faces...I decided to run for Elephant Island.
NARRATOR: As night fell they seemed no closer to land. Shackleton sensed several men slipping away.
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: ...in the momentary light I could see the ghostly faces...I doubted if all the men would survive the night.
NARRATOR: At dawn Frank Wild saw that the men were alive, but their will to fight the seas was foundering.
FRANK WILD VOICEOVER: At least half the party were insane, fortunately not violent, simply helpless and hopeless.
NARRATOR: In the endless vista of sea and ice Shackleton strained for a glimpse of land, when suddenly, in the distance,
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER:...Elephant Island showed cold and severe in the full daylight.
NARRATOR: Worsley had been sleepless at the helm for over 80 hours. Now he steered the little fleet resolutely toward the mist-bound island. Finally, on the seventh day at sea, the three boats plunged into the surging waters of the island. Worsley searched the coast for a safe landing place.
FRANK WORSLEY VOICEOVER: All this time we were coasting along beneath towering rocky cliffs and sheer glacier faces, which offered not the slightest possibility of landing anywhere...At 9:30 a.m. we spied a narrow rocky beach at the base of some very high crags and cliffs, and made for it.
NARRATOR: Shackleton urged them on as the boats were swept into shore. Then the men set foot on land for the first time in 16 months. Hurley captured the long-awaited moment with his pocket camera.
Worsley described their elation as they hauled the boats onto the beach:
FRANK WORSLEY VOICEOVER: Some of our men were almost lightheaded as well as lighthearted. When they landed they reeled about, laughing uproariously.
NARRATOR: Their joy spiraled out of control as scientist James Wordie watched helplessly:
JAMES WORDIE VOICEOVER: Some fellows, moreover, were half-crazy. One got an axe...
PETER WORDIE: My father, in his diary, described an extraordinary scene of killing seals -- slaughter for slaughter's sake -- a behavior which, in many cases, could be described merely as insane.
Shackleton let them do this. He didn't stop them immediately. And then obviously he managed to restore a discipline and order into the situation. That, once more, shows his power of keeping people together.
NARRATOR: Gratefully, the ravenous men ate their first hot meal in five days. Then Shackleton let them sleep.
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: I decided not to share with the men the knowledge of the uncertainties of our situation until they had enjoyed...rest, untroubled by the thought that at any minute they might be called to face peril again.
ROLAND HUNTFORD: Now, when Shackleton and his men landed on Elephant Island they'd come to another crisis. Shackleton had saved his men in the sense he'd got them all alive out of the ice and onto terra firma. But now, how to get back to civilization?
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: ...there was no chance at all of any search being made for us on Elephant Island...Privation and exposure had left their mark on the party, and the health and mental condition of several men were causing me serious anxiety. A boat journey in search of relief was necessary...That conclusion was forced upon me.
NARRATOR: Elephant Island was far from any shipping route. The nearest outpost of civilization was near the tip of South America, 400 miles from Elephant Island. But the prevailing winds and currents would prevent the boat from getting there.
Shackleton's audacious new plan was to sail 800 miles northeast to South Georgia, where the voyage of the Endurance began.
ROLAND HUNTFORD: Now, Shackleton realized that there were very few people who could survive an open boat journey of that length because several men just about survived the short journey from the ice.
NARRATOR: There was no other choice. Faced with survival here, some lost the will to live. Their bodies were blighted by frostbite and open sores. None were fit for such a voyage.
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: ...all hands knew that the perils of the proposed journey were extreme...I called the men together, explained my plan and asked for volunteers. Many came forward at once.
NARRATOR: Captain Frank Worsley, who had cut his teeth navigating small boats in storm-tossed waters; second officer Tom Crean, a tough veteran of two polar expeditions; able seaman Tim McCarthy proved his mettle on the boat journey to Elephant Island; a troublesome bully on land, John Vincent appeared indestructible at sea; mutineer Chippy McNeish was also an unlikely choice, plagued by rheumatism, but Shackleton counted on the rebellious carpenter to make the largest boat seaworthy for their voyage.
ROLAND HUNTFORD: The most important man onboard ship is not the captain or the navigator. It's the shipwright, because he's the man who keeps her afloat and makes her able to stand the fury of the ocean. He was one of the very few people alive, probably, who could have prepared her for the strains and buffeting of an oceanic voyage.
NARRATOR: With ingenuity and scavenged parts, McNeish raised her sides, covered her with a canvas deck and filled the seams with Marston's oil paints and seal's blood.
On April 23rd, Shackleton gave orders to ready the Caird for launch, leaving Frank Wild in charge:
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: The 20-foot boat had never looked big; she appeared to have shrunk in some mysterious way...I had a last word with Wild...I told him I trusted the party to him...and said good-bye...
The men who were staying behind made a pathetic little group on the beach...but they waved to us and gave three hearty cheers. Then we pushed off for the last time and within a few minutes I was aboard the James Caird.
TIM CARR (Curator, South Georgia Whaling Museum): So they left Elephant Island, probably all of them with about as much hope as nothing to get to South Georgia. They couldn't have thought they had much chance in doing it, but what else could they do? They had to do it. They had to go. They had to try.
NARRATOR: Shackleton left behind a farewell letter:
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: In the event of my not surviving the boat journey...you can convey my love to my people and say I tried my best.
NARRATOR: The crew raised sail, hoping that fair weather and brisk winds would carry the Caird to South Georgia. It was the navigational equivalent of finding a needle in a haystack.
Worsley manned the first watch with Shackleton:
FRANK WORSLEY VOICEOVER: ...we held her north by the stars. While I steered, [Shackleton's] arm thrown over my shoulder, we discussed plans and yarned in low tones...
NARRATOR: But weather in these latitudes is notoriously unstable. The days following brought the freezing gales that Shackleton had dreaded.
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: The sub-Antarctic Ocean lived up to its evil winter reputation.
NARRATOR: Three seasick men braved the sleet and snow while the others crawled below into the flooded hold to rest.
Worsley confessed,
FRANK WORSLEY VOICEOVER: More than once when I woke suddenly, I...had a ghastly fear that I was buried alive.
NARRATOR: The gale carried the Caird onward, but Shackleton couldn't be sure where.
ROLAND HUNTFORD: Although Shackleton was the leader, the man upon whom the technical feasibility of the voyage depended was Worsley because Worsley was the navigator. And if you're sailing 800 miles over the open sea it's navigation that gets you somewhere.
NARRATOR: As Worsley estimated, the gales propelled the Caird as much as fifty miles each day. But unless he could determine their latitude and longitude with the aid of a sextant they could be sailing hundreds of miles off course.
TIM CARR: It's cold, and he's going to really try to bring the sun down to the horizon.
NARRATOR: Navigating the same Antarctic seas, Tim and Pauline Carr know well the challenges Worsley faced. The shrouded sun made it virtually impossible to take an accurate reading.
TIM CARR ON BOAT: Captain Frankie Worsley's got his sextant, and he's trying to do his dead reckoning, take his sights. His eyes must have been on the sun the whole time, waiting for that little ball to come out, pierce through the dank clouds, through the overcast. He's just hoping like mad there's not going to be a lurch and he's going to get thrown overboard.
NARRATOR: The violent pitching of the boat could have thrown off his measurement and course by miles.
TIM CARR: He's bringing the sun down to the horizon, waiting till he gets to the top of a swell, and then shouts, "mark," down to Shackleton.
NARRATOR: The sights were just the first step in a complex calculation using trigonometry and nautical tables.
TIM CARR: And then he's got to go down, work out this sight with water and spray all over the place. How can the man do it? I just don't know. He must have been a magician.
NARRATOR: On the sixth day, the sun emerged and Worsley's sights revealed the Caird had sailed 238 miles. They were now in the heart of the Southern Ocean.
Shackleton knew that no one had ever survived an open boat journey in these waters:
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: We were a tiny speck in the vast vista of the sea. The forces arrayed against us would be almost overwhelming.
NARRATOR: The frail lifeboat was never meant to weather such a voyage.
As the Caird plunged into yet another gale, Worsley marvelled at the crew's resilience:
FRANK WORSLEY VOICEOVER: When I relieved [McCarthy] at the helm...the seas pouring down our necks...I felt like swearing...and he informed me with a cheerful grin, "It's a fine day, Sir."
JONATHAN SHACKLETON (Cousin of Ernest Shackleton): Tim McCarthy was wonderfully optimistic, and was a key member. Shackleton wrote about how much...how important a person he was in that boat journey. He didn't have skill as a navigator, but he kept their spirits up.
NARRATOR: Shackleton shared a special bond with officer Tom Crean.
MARY CREAN O'BRIEN (Daughter of Endurance officer Tom Crean): They were pals as well as work mates. And I suppose they were a good team. They clicked, in other words, the two of them.
NARRATOR: Shackleton would later recall,
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: One of the memories that comes to me from those days is of Crean singing at the tiller. He always sang while he was steering, and nobody ever discovered what the song was.
MARY CREAN O'BRIEN: He had a poor voice, only the words of everything. He had a very poor voice.
NARRATOR: As their drenched clothing froze on their bodies some of the men faltered. Strapping John Vincent lay petrified in the hold. Chippy McNeish was tormented by his aching legs, but he stubbornly tended to the boat.
TOM MCNEISH (Grandson of Chippy McNeish): There were waves coming at them, 30 feet--at times it was swamped--and it rode through them. And the next minute it was covered in ice.
And it was getting too heavy with ice on it. She was starting to sink. They had to crawl all over it and break the ice off it to keep her afloat. It must have been horrendous. They must have been terrified.
NARRATOR: As the storm raged Shackleton watched over each man with obsessive care.
ROLAND HUNTFORD: What kept them from cracking on this journey was, again, Shackleton's sheer willpower, his leadership, this flame that burns within him. He understood that when men are at the limits of survival they have to be nursed.
ALEXANDRA SHACKLETON: He noticed that if any man was particularly unable to cope, and he ordered hot milk not just for him but for everyone, so this man would not, as he put it, have doubts about himself.
ROLAND HUNTFORD: And the next minute he was a martinet, driving his men on, always adapting to circumstances.
ALEXANDRA SHACKLETON: And during the agonizing boat journey, Worsley wrote in his diary, "However bad things were, he somehow inspired us with the feeling that he could make things better."
NARRATOR: The gales relented on the eleventh day. Worsley called it a "day's grace."
He watched an albatross soar overhead, the fabled good omen of mariners:
FRANK WORSLEY VOICEOVER: His poetic motion fascinated us, the ease with which he swept the miles aside filled us with envy. He could...have made our whole journey in ten hours.
NARRATOR: Worsley's sights revealed that they had sailed 496 miles. Now precision was everything. He adjusted the course for South Georgia. If he erred by just half a degree the Caird would miss the island and sail into the limitless South Atlantic.
The albatross flew alongside the Caird, seeming to speed their passage. The next day the boat covered a record distance of 96 miles.
If Worsley was right, they could be just two days from South Georgia. But it seemed like an eternity. The sun and salt-tainted water stirred a raging thirst.
Worsley was unable to take sights in the overcast. Once again the Caird plied an uncertain course. Then, on the fifteenth day, seaweed floated on the swells, a sure sign of land.
With hushed expectation, the men scanned the seas ahead:
FRANK WORSLEY VOICEOVER: ...then, half an hour past noon, McCarthy raised the cheerful cry, "Land ho!" The thoughts uppermost were, "We've done it."
NARRATOR: They had accomplished what many regard as the greatest small boat journey in the world, 800 miles across the stormiest seas on earth in a 22-foot vessel.
ALEXANDRA SHACKLETON: It was a colossal achievement. When they saw the black peaks of South Georgia, huge relief and happiness,but the story was not quite over yet.
NARRATOR: The winds suddenly rose. In their hour of triumph, safety slipped from their grasp. The boat was caught in the fury of hurricane-force winds.
Shackleton despaired of ever reaching land:
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: The chance of surviving the night, with the driving gale and the implacable sea forcing us on to the lee shore, seemed small. I think most of us had a feeling that the end was very near.
ROLAND HUNTFORD: And this is where Worsley came into his own because he understood the way a sailing ship worked. And so he performed a miracle there. Somehow he clawed his way offshore.
NARRATOR: Worsley hauled the Caird away from the rocky coast to sit out the gale.
By morning the seas calmed and Shackleton ordered the boat in to shore:
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: I stood in the bows directing the steering as we ran through the kelp and made the passage of the reef...in a minute or two we were inside, and the James Caird ran in on a swell and touched the beach.
ROLAND HUNTFORD: What got the James Caird to South Georgia was a combination of luck and skill. The skill was Worsley's, this brilliant navigator, this wonderful small boat handler. But there is always the element of luck. And this is where we come to the great imponderable: Shackleton was a lucky man. He was lucky.
NARRATOR: After 17 days at sea, the six men stumbled ashore to their long-sought haven. Relieved to be on solid ground, McNeish hobbled up the slope behind the cove.
CHIPPY McNEISH VOICEOVER: The boss and skipper went away for a walk...and...I went on top of the hill and had a lay on the grass, and it put me in mind of old times at home, sitting on the hillside, looking down at the sea.
NARRATOR: But they would not rest for long. The Caird had landed on the wrong side of South Georgia. The whaling stations were on the opposite coast.
By sea, Worsley reckoned, it to be 150 miles. With the men weak and the Caird battered it was unthinkable. There was only one alternative: to traverse the island to the closest inhabited station.
Shackleton knew the risks only too well:
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: We had a very scanty knowledge of the conditions of the interior. No man had ever penetrated a mile from the coast of South Georgia. And the whalers, I knew, regarded the country as inaccessible.
NARRATOR: The mountains and glaciers of the interior would not be mapped or photographed until years later.
Shackleton prepared to depart, writing instructions for McNeish:
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: Sir, I am about to try to reach...the East Coast of this island for relief of our party. I am leaving you in charge of Vincent, McCarthy and yourself. You will remain here until relief arrives...in the event of my non-return. Yours faithfully, E.H. Shackleton.
NARRATOR: But for ten days storms made the journey impossible.
As Worsley observed, for Shackleton, the man of action, waiting was unbearable:
FRANK WORSLEY VOICEOVER: Meantime, the strain of waiting and anxiety for his men was telling on him. He was then nearer to depression than I'd ever known him. He said to me... "I'll never take another expedition, Skipper."
NARRATOR: The fate of the men on Elephant Island weighed heavily on his mind:
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: Over on Elephant Island, twenty-two men were waiting for the relief that we alone could secure for them. Their plight was worse than ours. We must push on somehow.
NARRATOR: On a narrow spit of land they called Cape Wild, Shackleton's men recorded their sufferings in their diaries:
FRANK HURLEY VOICEOVER: Life here without a hut and equipment is almost beyond endurance...Such an inhospitable coast I have never beheld.
ALEXANDER MACKLIN VOICEOVER: I think I spent this morning the most unhappy hour of my life. All attempts seemed so hopeless.
LIONEL GREENSTREET VOICEOVER: So passes another goddamn rotten day.
ALEXANDER MACKLIN VOICEOVER: Men sat and cursed this element.
FRANK HURLEY VOICEOVER: I am convinced they would starve or freeze if left to their own resources on this island.
ROLAND HUNTFORD: The men who remained on Elephant Island, they had to wait. Waiting's always harder than acting. And this is where Frank Wild came into his own. Wild was a rather melancholy character because he had failings--he drank, he never quite made it ashore--but he was perfectly suited to holding the men together on Elephant Island. He was used to following orders. And his orders were to keep the men alive.
NARRATOR: Exposed to the ravages of wind and sea, their prospects on this barren shore were grim.
But Wild refused to allow the men to surrender to despair:
FRANK WILD VOICEOVER: Some of the party had become despondent and were in a "What's the use?" sort of mood and had to be driven to work--none too gently, either.
NARRATOR: The treeless island offered no natural shelter, so Wild mustered the crew to build one. With bleeding, frostbitten hands they cobbled a ramshackle hut from the two lifeboats and scraps of canvas.
The men crowded into these quarters, barely ten by nineteen feet. The frozen ground was coated with penguin guano and the smoking fire burned their eyes, but it shielded them from the elements.
Each day Wild planned a strict regimen of duties to occupy their days.
ALEXANDRA SHACKLETON: He was aware of the vital importance of a routine. Previous expeditions in the last century, they meant alcoholism and suicide and insanity. They were all kept together pretty well, and that's leadership.
NARRATOR: Wild roused all hands at 9:30 daily for chores and hunting. Penguins supplied food and fuel for the stove. At day's end, they were busy still, writing in their diaries, reading aloud and singing with Hussey on banjo.
ROLAND HUNTFORD: He did keep them alive, and the reason he kept them alive is because he kept them sane. And he was probably the one man aside from Shackleton who could have achieved that.
NARRATOR: Most of all Wild kept hope alive through the days of waiting. The men showed their gratitude in an ode to their leader.
My name is Frankie Wild-o.
Me hut's on Elephant Isle.
The wall's without a single brick
And the roof's without a tile.
Nevertheless I must confess,
By many and many a mile,
It's the most palatial dwelling place
You'll find on Elephant Isle.
It's the most palatial dwelling place
You'll find on Elephant Isle.
NARRATOR: Nearly a month had passed since the Caird left Elephant Island. As the polar winter approached pack ice encircled the island. Wild knew that a rescue ship could never break through.
Still, every day he ordered his men to pack up and stow:
FRANK WILD VOICEOVER: Get your things ready, boys, the boss may come today.
NARRATOR: But rescue was still remote. Shackleton's trek across the no-man's land of South Georgia was just beginning. With screws in their boot soles for traction, Shackleton, Worsley and Crean prepared to travel light for speed, with only three days' food, leaving the tent and sleeping bags behind.
ROLAND HUNTFORD: The crossing of South Georgia posed almost insuperable difficulties. They didn't have the proper equipment. Their clothes were threadbare. But worse than that, they'd been cooped up on this boat for a fortnight, so that they were anything but fit. Their limbs weren't even working properly. It's almost like astronauts coming back to earth.
NARRATOR: To find their way, they had only a compass and a map of the island showing nothing more than an outline of the coast. By dawn the three men reached high ground and Shackleton glimpsed the interior for the first time.
It was an unnerving sight:
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: The interior was tremendously broken. High peaks, impassable cliffs, steep snow-slopes, and sharply descending glaciers were prominent features in all directions.
NARRATOR: The sheer icy crags in their path rose to nearly 4000 feet. For three weak, malnourished men it was as daunting as Everest.
PAULINE CARR: I can't even begin to feel how it would be for them with just the bare minimum gear that they had. Here we are, fully equipped with everything, and I still get scared.
NARRATOR: Among the few permanent residents of South Georgia, Tim and Pauline Carr have followed in Shackleton's footsteps.
TIM CARR: Well, one of the big problems was that their screws that McNeish had put into the soles of their boots had all but worn out. They had to go down this very steep slope by cutting steps. And all they had between them was a ship's carpenter's adz. They'd get a little bit of an edge in there, foot on there and then a foot in there.
And these were tired men. They didn't want to mess around doing that, but it was the only way down.
NARRATOR: After climbing for fifteen grueling hours Shackleton and his companions left the mountains behind. But a new danger lay ahead. The landscape was a maze of crevasses. One misstep could send them plunging to their deaths.
TIM CARR: Shackleton, Crean and Worsley, they immediately saw that they had some crevasses to negotiate and therefore--they would be something like this, fifty feet deep--if one of them fell in one of these crevasses they probably would have jeopardized their whole crossing.
NARRATOR: For protection all they had was a length of fraying rope from the Caird.
TIM CARR: They would have had to have roped up after...before crossing these glaciers. They would have had their natural fiber alpine rope, and took an end of it like this, and got it around their waists. And being nautical as well, they probably would have done a bowline fairly close in to the waist...like that...dependable knot. And then if they had have fallen they'd just take it right up like that and probably would have been pulled out by the other two. But sore arms and sore chest in the bargain, I think.
NARRATOR: They struggled over a seemingly endless span of glaciers, their frozen clothing brushing stiff against their raw skin. The exhausted men marched for 26 hours straight.
When Shackleton allowed them to rest, Worsley and Crean fell instantly asleep:
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: ...it will be disastrous if we all slumbered together, for sleep under such conditions merges into death. After five minutes I shook them into consciousness...told them that they had slept for half an hour and gave the word for a fresh start.
NARRATOR: The weary men continued to climb. Shackleton guessed they might be just five miles from Stromness whaling station.
When he thought he heard the morning whistle, they all strained to listen.
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: We watched the chronometer for seven o'clock when the whalers would be summoned to work. Right to the minute the steam whistle came to us, borne clearly on the wind across...miles of rock and snow...It was the first sound created by outside human agency that had come to our ears since we left...in...1914.
Pain and ache, boat journeys, marches, hunger and fatigue seemed to belong to the limbo of forgotten things.
NARRATOR: Just before the Endurance departed, Shackleton visited here at the home of the station manager to celebrate his coming adventure. Now the manager answered the door and stared at the three haggard strangers, clad in rags and grimed with soot, and asked, "Who are you?"
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: Don't you know me? My name is Shackleton.
NARRATOR: Seventeen months had passed since Shackleton and his men vanished into the Antarctic.
Within hours, a blizzard swept over South Georgia. Shackleton's legendary luck had been on their side. Now he hoped it would hold.
ROLAND HUNTFORD: When Shackleton reached safety at Stromness, he still had three men waiting for him on the other side of the island. Next priority, well, the immediate priority was to save them. That was no problem, they got... a whaler fetched them. But then he was obsessed, if that's the word, preoccupied with saving the men left behind on Elephant Island. And he could not, he would not, rest until he had saved them.
NARRATOR: All of Stromness mobilized for the rescue mission. The station manager offered a ship and volunteers for the crew. Shackleton, Worsley and Crean departed South Georgia, bound for Elephant Island.
But within days, they encountered pack ice. The Caird had navigated these waters just a month before. Now they were impassable to a steel steamship. Defeated by his old nemesis, Shackleton reluctantly turned back to port.
The British Navy offered a ship, but Shackleton insisted on mounting his own rescue mission. He borrowed a fishing vessel and planned a new attempt.
Worsley observed,
FRANK WORSLEY VOICEOVER: His anxiety for his men was so great that he couldn't rest. In those...terrible months, I saw deep lines appear on his face. People thought that Shackleton was mad to enter the winter ice...with such a weak vessel.
NARRATOR: Locked in battle with the floes, the ship stopped short just 20 miles from Elephant Island. Again, Shackleton's hopes of a swift rescue were dashed. It could be months before the winter pack ice retreated.
But for Wild and his men time was running out. Young Perce Blackborow was gravely ill. His frostbitten toes had blackened and swelled. To save Blackborow's life, Dr. Alexander Macklin and surgeon James McIlroy were compelled to take action.
They had no option but to operate in the crowded squalor of the hut.
JOHN BLACKBOROW: My grandfather was quite ill--gangrene on his toes. They needed to come off straightaway. They found some chloroform--very little. They thought they didn't have any. They were going to operate without it at first, but they did find some in one of the packing cases. And they raised the temperature of the...inside the boat, and they proceeded to take my grandfather's toes off. The poor beggar never flinched.
NARRATOR: Blackborow's crewmates fared little better. All were severely malnourished, and one man had suffered a heart attack.
Wild fought to rally their flagging hopes:
FRANK WILD VOICEOVER: Well, boys...patience for another week...the relief ship can't get through the pack.
THOMAS ORDE-LEES VOICEOVER: He is always saying that "the ship" will be here next week, but, of course, he says this just to keep up the spirits of those who are likely to become despondent.
NARRATOR: Thomas Orde-Lees expressed the fears the men fought to keep at bay. His was a lonely and ridiculed voice in a band of desperate optimists.
ROLAND HUNTFORD: He played a part which is very--which is quite essential in any group. He was a scapegoat. He was the man everybody loved to hate. And this is most essential because it's quite important in keeping the cohesion of the group, and also in keeping people's sanity. You must have somebody to hate.
NARRATOR: Orde-Lees warned rightly that game was becoming scarce and urged Wild to build up their reserves. But, like Shackleton, Wild argued that it would destroy morale, signaling to the men that they would be stranded indefinitely.
JULIAN AYER: If I was there on the ice, I'd back my grandfather any old time because, you know, you don't live on--live on morale, you know? You need food, not morale, to survive in the Antarctic for 18 months.
NARRATOR: Orde-Lees's nagging pessimism became more insistent as the weeks wore on.
With his men on the brink of collapse, Wild felt compelled to act:
FRANK WILD VOICEOVER: I had to threaten to shoot him to make him keep his tongue between his teeth.
NARRATOR: But threats couldn't disguise the grim reality that the men confided to their diaries. The few stray penguins were not enough to stave off starvation. They were forced to dig up discarded scraps of putrid meat for food. Wild could no longer keep hope of rescue alive.
By August 30th, the castaways were reduced to boiling bones for sustenance. Frank Hurley and artist George Marston waded to the shore. They plunged bare arms into the icy surf for a few tiny shellfish to calm their gnawing hunger.
Suddenly, Hurley pointed out to sea:
FRANK HURLEY VOICEOVER: I called Marston's attention to a curious piece of ice on the horizon, which bore a striking resemblance to a ship. We immediately called out, "Ship ho!"
NARRATOR: Marston shouted to Wild,
MARSTON VOICEOVER: Wild, there's a ship. Hadn't we better light a flare?
NARRATOR: The men scrambled to the beach.
Worsley at his side, Shackleton rowed toward the island:
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: We saw tiny black figures hurry to the beach and wave signals to us...As I came nearer I called out, "Are you all well?" and Wild answered, "We are all well, boss."
NARRATOR: Shackleton had fulfilled his ambition to save each and every man. They were headed for home at last.
Worsley remarked of their reunion,
FRANK WORSLEY VOICEOVER: We got them aboard at one p.m. and at one a.m. there was not a drop of liquor left...the poor fellows deserved a good time.
NARRATOR: Days later, the rescue ship steamed triumphantly to port in Chile to a hero's welcome. It had been 21 months since they sailed from civilization.
Shackleton cabled his wife Emily:
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: I have done it...Not a life lost and we have been through Hell. Soon I will be home and then I will rest...Give my love and kisses to the children.
NARRATOR: In 1916, the survivors of the Endurance returned to a Europe transformed by World War One:
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: We were like men arisen from the dead to a world gone mad. Our minds accustomed themselves gradually to the tales of nations in arms, of deathless courage and unimagined slaughter, of a world conflict that had grown beyond all conception.
ROLAND HUNTFORD: It was Shackleton's misfortune that this expedition took place during the Great War because when he got home his achievement was overshadowed by greater events elsewhere.
PETER WORDIE: The death of so many people in the trenches in the war made them feel that they had been, I could have said, nearly cowards--that they avoided two years of the war and they were lucky to be alive.
NARRATOR: Shackleton and many of the crew rushed to enlist. Within a month of his return to England, Tim McCarthy, able seaman of the James Caird, was killed in action.
Shackleton campaigned for royal recognition of his officers and crew, but their heroism seemed to pale in the public mind beside the tragic sacrifices of war.
Finally, in 1918, the men of the Endurance were awarded the Polar Medal for exemplary service. Sailors Holness, Stephenson and Vincent failed to receive the prize, likely for disobeying orders. The honor was also withheld from Chippy McNeish.
TOM MCNEISH: In my opinion they would never have got back home if it hadn't been for Chippy McNeish--what he done with the James Caird. He built the James Caird up. Chippy McNeish brought them home, and I don't care what anybody says. Chippy McNeish brought them home.
ROLAND HUNTFORD: When all was said and done, he was the man who saved them all by making the boat journey possible, yet he was the man who mutinied on the ice. For that, Shackleton never forgave him because in Shackleton's book, one act, one single act of disloyalty outweighed anything else a man might do in a lifetime.
NARRATOR: For most of Shackleton's men, the bond of loyalty endured. When he threw off the humdrum of everyday life for a new expedition in 1921, eight veterans of the Endurance answered the boss's call, among them Frank Worsley, Frank Wild and Alexander Macklin.
Shackleton was bound for the Antarctic once again. The Quest steered a southerly course with her crew of restless spirits. The stated aim was the circumnavigation of the Antarctic continent. But Shackleton and Wild reminisced and hatched grand schemes of someday hunting for pirate treasure.
As the ship neared her destination Shackleton grew pensive, recalling the adventures of his younger days:
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: Anxiety has been probing deeply into me...
Ah, me, the years that have gone since, in the pride of young manhood, I first went forth to the fight. I grow old and tired but must always lead on.
NARRATOR: The sighting of South Georgia conjured glimpses of past glories. Going ashore, Shackleton celebrated this homecoming with the whalers of Grytviken.
In the glow of sunset he rejoined the ship, swaying at anchor in the harbor:
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: I find a difficulty in settling down to write...A wonderful evening.
In the darkening twilight I saw a lone star hover, gem-like, above the bay.
NARRATOR: Later, Doctor Macklin was called to his side.
The ailing Shackleton had always laughed off his friend's warnings about hard times and high living:
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: You're always wanting me to give up things. What is it I ought to give up now?
NARRATOR: Moments later, his heart failed and he died in Macklin's arms. Shackleton was 47.
At his wife's request, he was laid to rest in South Georgia, in the Grytviken whaler's cemetery.
ALEXANDRA SHACKLETON: Grandfather was, I think, happiest in the Antarctic. He wrote once to my grandmother, "I'm not much good at anything else but being an explorer."
It was right that my grandfather is buried in South Georgia, scene of his greatest achievements in plucking triumph from disaster and the gateway of the part of the world that meant most to him, the Antarctic. I cannot think of a better place.
NARRATOR: His sorrowing men built a memorial overlooking the bay, where the Endurance set out on her fateful voyage.
Worsley was lost in memories:
FRANK WORSLEY VOICEOVER: It seemed to me that among his achievements, great as they were, his one failure was the most glorious.
ERNEST SHACKLETON VOICEOVER: We had pierced the veneer of outside things. We had suffered, starved and triumphed, groveled down, yet grasped at glory, grown bigger in the bigness of the whole. We had seen God in His splendors, heard the text that nature renders. We had reached the naked soul of man.
On NOVA's Web site, explore 360-degree panoramic images of South Georgia and its waters, and journey to places virtually unchanged in the decades since Shackleton's expedition, on PBS.org or America Online, keyword PBS.
Educators can order this or any other NOVA program for $19.95 plus shipping and handling. Call WGBH Boston Video at 1-800-255-9424.
Coming in April on NOVA: anatomy of a disaster. What really caused the Twin Towers to collapse? What does this tell us about the safety of all tall buildings? Why The Towers Fell.
NOVA is a production of WGBH Boston.
Major funding for NOVA is provided by the Park Foundation, dedicated to education and quality television.
This program is funded in part by the Northwestern Mutual Foundation. Some people already know Northwestern Mutual can help plan for your children's education. Are you there yet? Northwestern Mutual Financial Network.
Science: it's given us the framework to help make wireless communications clear. Sprint PCS is proud to support NOVA.
Morgan Stanley is proud to support Shackleton's Voyage of Endurance.
And by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, and by contributions to your PBS station from viewers like you. Thank you.
This is PBS.
Go to source: NOVA | Transcripts | Shackleton's Voyage of Endurance | PBS
+++[Price comparisons]
http://www.megashopbot.com/
[[moneysavingexpert discount finder|http://www.moneysavingexpert.com/outlets/?utm_source=MSE_Newsletter&utm_medium=hiya&utm_term=19-Aug-14-v2&utm_campaign=outlets&utm_content=16]]
http://www.whatprice.co.uk/
http://www.twenga.co.uk/
http://www.pricegrabber.co.uk/
http://www.pricerunner.co.uk/
===
+++[User reviews]
Sometimes it is worth while looking on the US sites for a review, bearing in mind that the US product often has different specs.
!!General
http://reviews.ebay.co.uk/
http://www.ciao.co.uk/
http://www.amazon.co.uk/
http://www.epinions.com/
!!Electronics
http://www.dabs.com/
===
+++[Frauds and nuiscance calling]
http://www.casewatch.org
www.complaintsBoard.com
http://www.phonespamfilter.co.uk
http://www.canyoutrustthem.com/
===
+++[Internet fraud check]
http://www.sitejabber.com
===
+++[Newcastle]
http://newcastle.gumtree.com
===
----
+++[Big stores online]
http://deals.ebay.co.uk/
http://stores.ebay.co.uk/Argos-Outlet
http://www.ebuyer.com/search?condition=outlet
http://stores.ebay.co.uk/littlewoodsclearance
http://www.debenhamsplus.com/computing_plus/page.asp
http://www.humaxdirect.co.uk/prodCat.asp?cat=factory&type=sat
http://www.amazon.co.uk/
http://www.saverstore.com/
===
+++[Lottery]
http://www.lottery.co.uk/results/
===
+++[Perfumes, Cosmetics and Toiletries]
http://www.halfpriceperfumes.co.uk
http://a.fragrancescompared.co.uk
http://www.fragrancedirect.co.uk/home.php
http://www.rox-perfumes.co.uk/
===
----
[[Gas and Electricity]]
[[Phones]]
[[Boilers and Central Heating]]
----
!Bargains
https://www.which.co.uk/
http://www.hotukdeals.com/
https://uk.webuy.com/
[[Moneysavingexpert WOW forum|http://www.moneysavingexpert.com/forum-deals-feed/?utm_source=MSE_Newsletter&utm_medium=Email&utm_term=23-Apr-13&utm_campaign=forum-deals-feed&utm_content=59]]
[[Moneysavingexpert discount outlet finder|http://www.moneysavingexpert.com/outlets/?utm_source=MSE_Newsletter&utm_medium=Email&utm_term=23-Apr-13&utm_campaign=outlets&utm_content=51]]
[[Moneysavingexpert local ebay deals|http://www.moneysavingexpert.com/shopping/local-ebay-deals/?utm_source=MSE_Newsletter&utm_medium=Email&utm_term=23-Apr-13&utm_campaign=shopping&utm_content=45]]
[[Moneysavingexpert Amazon deals|http://www.moneysavingexpert.com/shopping/cheap-amazon-loopholes?utm_source=MSE_Newsletter&utm_medium=Email&utm_term=23-Apr-13&utm_campaign=shopping&utm_content=37]]
----
http://www.lastminute-auction.com/uk/index.php?home
!Trade in your old gadget for cash
https://tradein.asda.com/
http://www.mobilevaluer.com/
/***
|Name|ShowUpdatesPlugin|
|Created by|SaqImtiaz|
|Version|0.2 |
|Requires|~TW2.x|
!!!Description:
Allows you to list tiddlers that have changed since the users last visit. You can list only all changed tiddlers, or filter them to only show tiddlers that have or do not have a specific tag. By default a simple list of the titles of changed tiddlers is created. However, using an extremely versatile syntax you can provide a custom template for the generated text.
!!!Examples:
[[ShowUpdatesDocs]]
!!!Installation:
Copy the contents of this tiddler to your TW, tag with systemConfig, save and reload your TW.
!!!Syntax:
{{{<<showUpdates>>}}}
additional optional params:
{{{<showUpdates excludeTag:TagToExclude onlyTag:TagToList maxEntries:10 write:CustomWriteParameter >>}}}
excludeTag: ~TagToExclude
onlyTag: ~TagToList
maxEntries: max number of entries displayed when there are no updates. (default is 10, which can be changed in the config.macros.showUpdates.settings part of the code)
write: if a write parameter is not provided, an un-numbered list of the updates is generated. Alternatively, you can specify a custom 'template' for the text generated. The syntax for the write parameter is identical to that of the forEachTiddler macro. Additonal documentation on this syntax will be provided soon.
Some of the variables available in the write parameter are 'index', 'count' and 'lastVisit' where lastVisit is the date of the last visit in the format YYYYMMDDHHMM. Also areUpdates is a boolean that is true if there are new updates since the users last visit.
!!!To Do:
*refactor code to facilitate translations
*a streamlined version without the custom write parameter
!!!Code
***/
//{{{
window.lewcidLastVisit = '';
window.old_lewcid_whatsnew_restart = window.restart;
window.restart = function()
{
if(config.options.txtLastVisit)
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config.options.txtLastVisit = (new Date()).convertToYYYYMMDDHHMM();
saveOptionCookie('txtLastVisit');
window.old_lewcid_whatsnew_restart();
}
TiddlyWiki.prototype.lewcidGetTiddlers = function(field,excludeTag,includeTag,updatesOnly)
{
var results = [];
this.forEachTiddler(function(title,tiddler)
{
if(excludeTag == undefined || !tiddler.isTagged(excludeTag))
if(includeTag == undefined || tiddler.isTagged(includeTag))
if ( updatesOnly == false || tiddler.modified.convertToYYYYMMDDHHMM()>lewcidLastVisit)
results.push(tiddler);
});
if(field)
results.sort(function (a,b) {if(a[field] == b[field]) return(0); else return (a[field] < b[field]) ? -1 : +1; });
return results;
}
config.macros.showUpdates={};
config.macros.showUpdates.settings =
{
maxEntries: 10 //max items to show, if there are no updates since last visit
}
config.macros.showUpdates.handler = function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler)
{
var args = paramString.parseParams("list",null,true);
var write = getParam(args, "write", undefined);
var onlyTag = getParam(args, "onlyTag", undefined);
var excludeTag = getParam(args, "excludeTag", undefined);
var sortBy = "modified";
var maxEntries = getParam(args,"maxEntries",this.settings.maxEntries);
if (lewcidLastVisit)
{var tiddlers = store.lewcidGetTiddlers(sortBy,excludeTag,onlyTag,true);
var areUpdates = tiddlers.length>0? true:false;}
if (!lewcidLastVisit)
{var countLine = "!!Recent Updates:";
var tiddlers = store.lewcidGetTiddlers(sortBy,excludeTag,onlyTag,false);
var areUpdates = false;}
else if (tiddlers.length == 0)
{var countLine = "!!@@color:red;No new updates@@ since your last visit. @@color:#999;font-size:70%;" + (Date.convertFromYYYYMMDDHHMM(lewcidLastVisit)).formatString(" (DD/MM/YY)") + "@@\n!!Recent Updates:";
var tiddlers = store.lewcidGetTiddlers(sortBy,excludeTag,onlyTag,false);}
else
{var countLine ="!!@@color:red;"+ tiddlers.length + "@@ new " + (tiddlers.length==1?"update":"updates") + " since your last visit: @@color:#999;font-size:70%;" + (Date.convertFromYYYYMMDDHHMM(lewcidLastVisit)).formatString(" (DD/MM/YY)") + "@@";}
tiddlers = tiddlers.reverse();
var lastVisit = lewcidLastVisit? lewcidLastVisit:undefined;
var count = areUpdates == true? tiddlers.length : maxEntries;
var sp = createTiddlyElement(place,"span","showUpdates");
if (write==undefined)
{
wikify(countLine,sp);
var list = createTiddlyElement(sp,"ul");
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
var tiddler = tiddlers[i];
createTiddlyLink(createTiddlyElement(list,"li"), tiddler.title, true);
}
}
else
{
var list = '';
for (var index = 0; index < count; index++) {
var tiddler = tiddlers[index];
list += eval(write); }
wikify(list, sp);
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//}}}
<<search>><<closeAll>><<thostUpload>><<permaview>><<newTiddler>><<newJournal 'DD MMM YYYY'>><<saveChanges>><<slider chkSliderOptionsPanel OptionsPanel 'options »' 'Change TiddlyWiki advanced options'>><<slider chkSliderSideBarTabs SideBarTabsSlider 'tabs »' 'the different tiddler menus'>>
<<tabs txtMainTab Timeline Timeline TabTimeline All 'All tiddlers' TabAll Tags 'All tags' TabTags More 'More lists' TabMore>>
This is my personal Wiki homepage.
|[<img[Homepage|https://homepage.tiddlyhost.com/homepageicon.png][https://homepage.tiddlyhost.com/]]|Keith's Home Page|
https://homepage.tiddlyhost.com/
http://www.the-dermatologist.com/content/allergic-contact-dermatitis-atopic-dermatitis
!Itchy scalp
https://science-yhairblog.blogspot.co.uk/2013/04/new-ideas-for-itchy-scalp.html
[[Flowers of sulphure|http://growyouthful.com/remedy/flowers-of-sulphur.php]]
Five Flower Natural Cream with Calendula
[[Neem oil]] Take 1 tsp of neem oil, 3 tbs of avocado oil, and 4 to 5 drop of lavender oil. Mix all the ingredients well. Apply this on your scalp and hair and massage gently. Leave it for about an hour or so and wash as usual. You can also leave it overnight for more effectiveness.
!Creams
http://eluxemagazine.com/beauty/stop-the-itch-the-best-creams-for-eczema-other-skin-conditions/
[[Emulsifiers]]
[[Sellers]]
----
http://www.totalbeauty.com/mobile/content/gallery/skin-care-ingredients/p79112/page2
https://www.futurederm.com/category/ingredients/
Many skin care authorities recognize anti-oxidant vitamins A, C and E as essential in helping to reduce signs of aging. Other antioxidant ingredients to look for include Green Tea, Idebonone, Co-enzyme Q-10, and Hyaluronic Acid and Spin traps.
Because vitamin C regenerates oxidized vitamin E, the combination in a cosmeceutical formulation is synergistic - particularly in UV protection.
!Retinoids - Retinol
Applied to the skin, retinoids can unclog pores, allowing other topical medications to enter and reach problem areas better.
Oral retinoid also helps treat oil production, bacteria associated with acne, and inflammation.
----
http://www.m.webmd.com/healthy-beauty/retinoid-gel-and-cream-treatments
https://www.beautybay.com/edited/what-is-retinol/
----
In study after study, retinol has been shown to build collagen, decrease fine lines, improve skin's texture, and fight acne.
Stay off harsh physical scrubs and peels while you're using retinol; remember to moisturize, moisturize, moisturize; and use extra sunscreen for the first six months.
Over-the-counter retinols take eight to 10 weeks to show results (compared with six weeks with an Rx)
!Peptides
Peptides are amino acid chains that occur naturally in the body and serve as the building blocks for protein. Certain peptides can boost collagen production and speed wound healing; or they can mimic the effect of Botox when applied topically.
----
http://m.elle.com.au/beauty/anti-aging-skin-special/2015/4/are-peptides-the-new-anti-ageing-miracle-cure-or-just-a-placebo-in-a-vial/
----
!Alpha Hydroxy Acids: For Smoothing
The most popular (and potent) is glycolic acid, which penetrates damaged skin to spur fresh, new skin cell production.
If your skin is sensitive, try glycolic's less intense AHA cousin, lactic acid, which also chemically exfoliates but isn't as drying.
Salicylic Acid and Benzoyl Peroxide: For Eradicating Acne
Salicylic acid is a lipid-soluble acid, so it penetrates into oily pores to clean them out, and it's anti-inflammatory too
Benzoyl is antibacterial, so together they work synergistically.
!Hyaluronic acid for moisture
!Vitamin C
Stimulates collagen production—in other words, it increases glow and evens out spots. For best results, look for a high concentration, up to 20% in a serum or cream. Best at night (and not retinol??)
!Vitamin E
However when a stable formulation delivers a high concentration of nonesterified, optimal isomer of the antioxidant, vitamins C and E inhibit the acute UV damage as well as chronic UV photoaging and skin cancer.
----
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4976416/
----
!Ferulic acid
A ubiquitous plant antioxidant and its incorporation into a topical solution of 15% l-ascorbic acid and 1% of α-Toc improves chemical stability of the vitamins (C + E) and doubles photoprotection to solar-stimulated irradiation of skin from fourfold to eightfold.
!Other
Skin aging. Early research shows that applying cream containing creatine, guarana, and glycerol to the face daily for 6 weeks reduces wrinkles and skin sagging in men. Other research suggests that a cream containing creatine and folic acid reduces wrinkles and improves sun-damaged skin.
!Oils
Avocado oil was originally, and still is, extracted for cosmetic use because of its very high skin penetration and rapid absorption.
!Shea Butter
Shea butter is rich in Vitamin E, which is a skin & hair healing anti oxidant. It protects the skin & hair from signs of premature aging including fine lines, wrinkles and greying of the hair. Shea butter also contains Vitamin A which hydrate and strengthen skin & hair. Shea butter contains cinnamic acid esters that give it powerful anti inflammatory properties to reduce skin inflammation. The rich fatty acids in shea butter hydrate the skin by sealing in moisture and they also promote healing and cell regeneration.
!Avocado oil
http://www.annmariegianni.com/avocado-oil-your-new-favorite-moisturizer/
----
Avocado oil is rich in fatty acids, vitamin A, D and E, phytosterols and a powerful substance known as sterolin, that are all great skin and hair nourishing and repairing ingredients. Use avocado oil to hydrate and moisturize your skin and hair naturally and apply it on rough skin areas and on the ends of your hair where the most damage occurs. Avocado oil is also an antibacterial and anti inflammatory agent, making it great for soothing inflammatory skin conditions.
----
!Tortilla wraps
https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/recipes/collection/wrap
https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/recipes/2218/cheesy-tortilla-wrap
!Mix
https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/recipes/avocado-toast-chorizo-fried-eggs
<html>
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#socialinks { }
#socialinks .div_link { float:left; padding:0px 2px 0px 2px; }
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<div id='socialinks'>
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<div class="div_link"><a href="http://myweb2.search.yahoo.com/myresults/bookmarklet?u=http%3A//www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk&t=Lifestyles" target="_blank"><div class="div_link"><img border="0" src="http://www.linuxuser.at/socialinks/images/yahoomyweb.png" alt="YahooMyWeb" title="YahooMyWeb" /></div></a></div>
<div class="div_link"><a href="http://www.furl.net/storeIt.jsp?u=http%3A//www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk&t=Lifestyles" target="_blank"><div class="div_link"><img border="0" src="http://www.linuxuser.at/socialinks/images/furl.png" alt="Furl" title="Furl" /></div></a></div>
<div style="clear:both"></div>
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Created at: http://www.linuxuser.at/socialinks/#
or as a js file
<<forEachTiddler
where
'tiddler.tags.contains("review")'
sortBy
'tiddler.created'
descending
>>
!Krill oil
Antarctic krill, also known as Euphausia superba, is a marine crustacean rich in both eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The fatty acids are incorporated mainly into phospholipids (PLs) rather than triacylglycerols (TAG) and are better absorbed.
----
[[Infograph|http://www.mercola.com/infographics/fish-oil-vs-krill-oil.htm]]
*Dosage 300mg
4 weeks of krill oil supplementation increased plasma EPA and DHA and was well tolerated. Studies show that it also lowers triglyceride levels without increasing LDL.
/***
''Inspired by [[TiddlyPom|http://www.warwick.ac.uk/~tuspam/tiddlypom.html]]''
|Name|SplashScreenPlugin|
|Created by|SaqImtiaz|
|Location|http://tw.lewcid.org/#SplashScreenPlugin|
|Version|0.21 |
|Requires|~TW2.08+|
!Description:
Provides a simple splash screen that is visible while the TW is loading.
!Installation
Copy the source text of this tiddler to your TW in a new tiddler, tag it with systemConfig and save and reload. The SplashScreen will now be installed and will be visible the next time you reload your TW.
!Customizing
Once the SplashScreen has been installed and you have reloaded your TW, the splash screen html will be present in the MarkupPreHead tiddler. You can edit it and customize to your needs.
!!My code
{{{<div id="SplashScreen" style="border: 3px solid #ccc; display: block; text-align: center; width: 320px; margin: 100px auto; padding: 50px; color:#000; font-size: 28px; font-family:Tahoma; background-color:#eee;"><b>Keith's Web Pages</b> is loading<blink> ...</blink><br><br><span style="font-size: 16px; color:red;">Requires Javascript. <br>Enable via browser settings.<br>Please be patient while the site loads. <br>No spyware.</span></div>
}}}
!History
* 20-07-06 : version 0.21, modified to hide contentWrapper while SplashScreen is displayed.
* 26-06-06 : version 0.2, first release
!Code
***/
//{{{
window.old_lewcid_splash_restart=window.restart;
window.restart = function()
{ if (document.getElementById("SplashScreen"))
document.getElementById("SplashScreen").style.display = "none";
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window.old_lewcid_splash_restart();
if (splashScreenInstall)
{if(config.options.chkAutoSave)
{saveChanges();}
displayMessage("TW SplashScreen has been installed, please save and refresh your TW.");
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var oldText = store.getTiddlerText("MarkupPreHead");
if (oldText.indexOf("SplashScreen")==-1)
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{var myTiddler = store.createTiddler("MarkupPreHead");}
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!Do sports supplements work?
Yes they do according to the evidence. They seem especially effective when working all out, either increasing performance or decreasing recovery time.
!Creatine
!Beta-alanine
[[Webmd overview|http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-1222-BETA-ALANINE.aspx?activeIngredientId=1222&activeIngredientName=BETA-ALANINE]]
Intramuscular acidosis has been attributed to be one of the main causes of fatigue during intense exercise. Carnosine has been shown to play a significant role in muscle pH regulation. Carnosine is synthesized in skeletal muscle from the amino acids l-histidine and beta-alanine. The rate-limiting factor of carnosine synthesis is beta-alanine availability. Supplementation with beta-alanine has been shown to increase muscle carnosine content and therefore total muscle buffer capacity, with the potential to elicit improvements in physical performance during high-intensity exercise. Studies on beta-alanine supplementation and exercise performance have demonstrated improvements in performance during multiple bouts of high-intensity exercise and in single bouts of exercise lasting more than 60 s. Similarly, beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to delay the onset of neuromuscular fatigue.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20479615
Creatine plus beta-alanine supplementation appeared to have the greatest effect on lean tissue accruement and body fat composition.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17136944
*Dosage
3.2-6.4 grams daily in divided doses.
Ingredients
100g (4oz) Self-raising flour
50g (2oz) Currants
50g (2oz) Mixed peel
50g (2oz) Shredded suet
50g (2oz) Caster sugar
1 Medium egg (beaten)
4 Tablespoons of milk
A pinch of salt
Method
(1) Mix together all the dry ingredients.
(2) Add the beaten egg and sufficient milk to produce a smooth dropping consistency.
(3) Place the mixture into a greased a 600ml (1 pint) pudding basin.
(4) Cover with pleated greaseproof paper and foil. Steam for about 90 minutes.
(5) Turn out and serve hot with custard or syrup.
Steaming
Only fill pudding basin two thirds full to allow for expansion. Fold a pleat in the covering to allow room for pudding to expand. Seal edges well and secure with string making a handle for lifting the pudding basin in and out of the pan.
Microwaving
Fill pudding basin up to two thirds and cover loosely to allow steam to escape.
Microwave on FULL power. 3½ minutes at 800W or 4 minutes at 650W.
The pudding is cooked when it's firm and just dry on the surface.
!Stomach acid - too much or too little?
http://scdlifestyle.com/2012/06/hypochlorhydria-3-common-signs-of-low-stomach-acid/
http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2011/07/08/water-works-better-than-ulcer-pills-to-decrease-stomach-acid.aspx
http://www.healthextremist.com/low-stomach-acid-may-be-causing-your-health-problem/
!!Too much
Lansoprazole
!!Too little
Stick with Betaine HCl brands that contain pepsin,
Don’t take Betaine HCl unless you eat at least 15g of protein with your meal.
http://scdlifestyle.com/2012/06/hypochlorhydria-3-common-signs-of-low-stomach-acid/
http://scdlifestyle.com/2012/03/3-tests-for-low-stomach-acid/
!Natural supplements
Astaxanthin—This exceptionally potent antioxidant was found to reduce symptoms of acid reflux in patients2 when compared to a placebo, particularly in those with pronounced helicobacter pylori infection. Best results were obtained at a daily dose of 40 mg.
Quite a nice video that makes a case for a simple human view.
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<body>
<object width="380" height="295"><param name="movie" value="http://www.avaaz.org/media/clash_en_remote.swf"><param name="wmode" value="transparent"><embed src="http://www.avaaz.org/media/clash_en_remote.swf" quality="high" bgcolor="#ffffff" width="380" height="295" name="view_avaaz18" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" wmode="transparent"></embed></object>
</body>
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http://www.avaaz.org/en/stop_the_clash
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|sugar|GI = 68|Calories per gram = 4|
|xylitol|GI = 7|Calories per gram = 2.4|
|stevia|GI=0|Calories per gram = 0|
----
!Glycemic Index of Sweeteners
• Xylitol 7
• Agave Nectar 15
• Barley Malt Syrup 42
• Maple Syrup 54
• Blackstrap Molasses 55
• Honey 62
• White Sugar 68
• High Fructose Corn Syrup 100
• Glucose 100
!Stevia
300 times sweeter than sugar.
In France in 1931, two chemists isolated the most prevalent of several compounds that give the stevia leaf its sweet taste — a pure white crystalline extract they named stevioside. Steveoside has been used in Japan since the 1970′s.
The sweet extracts are known collectively as steviol glycosides. Rebaudioside A and stevioside are the most abundant of the steviol glycosides. Steviol is the breakdown product of these two extracts which is broken down by the bacteria in the intestines and released into the bloodstream on the way to the liver.
In the liver, steviol is conjugated with glucuronic acid in a detoxification process which then shuttles it over to the kidneys as steviol glucuronide.
In the kidneys it is filtered and excreted in the urine. Studies show that steviol glucuronide does not accumulate in the body.
!!Truvia — a cross between stevia and powdered sugar?
Truvia was approved by the FDA in 2009 from food giant Cargill, who developed this product along with Coca-Cola. The name implies a true (pure) product that is made of stevia. The fact is, truvia is made from boiling stevia leaves and then processing (with ethanol) it in order to extract the chemical rebaudioside A or rebiana.
''SweetLeaf stevia'' seems to be the cleanest.
!In baking
!!Coconut sugar
Coconut sugar can be a 1:1 substitute for white or brown sugar recipes however it is slightly more coarse. It is best used in cookies, biscuits and recipes that use chocolate or warm spices. When using a recipe that requires creaming the butter and sugar, the use of coconut sugar can result in a speckled appearance to the bake and will appear more porous. If the recipe uses melted butter, milk oil, yogurt or other liquids, allow the coconut sugar to dissolve for about 5 minutes. This will result in a smoother texture to your bake, similar to cooking with white or brown sugar.
!!Inulin
You can replace up to 50% of sugar in recipes with inulin when you bake. This is helpful for 2 reasons. First, you can break a sugar habit by learning to appreciate less sweet foods. Second, inulin adds bulk without much sweetness, so you don't have to re-calculate wet ingredients, especially in baked goods.
!!Xylitol
75% less carbohydrates than sugar and is treated by your body as a complex carbohydrate that does not spike insulin. Pure xylitol is a white crystalline substance that looks and tastes like sugar. On food labels, xylitol is classified broadly as a carbohydrate and more narrowly as a polyol or sugar alcohol; however, xylitol is considered a “sugar-free” sweetener.
[[Health supplements]]
https://www.healthessentialsdirect.co.uk/
+++[Supplement testing and comparisons]
http://www.consumerlab.com/
http://foodhospital.channel4.com/
http://www.channel4.com/programmes/the-food-hospital/4od
http://www.dietspotlight.com/supplement-manufacturer
http://supplementreviews.com
===
----
!Brand names
https://www.powerbody.co.uk/
https://www.prohealth.com/wholesale-vitamins-supplements-by-prohealth $7.50 POSTAGE
https://health4all.co.uk
https://www.lindens.co.uk
https://www.selecthealthy.com/
https://www.pureformulas.com/ - US but cheap postage
https://www.evitamins.com/uk/ - US
Piping Rock - US
----
http://www.healthspan.co.uk/ - £2
http://www.woodshealth.com/
http://www.simplysupplements.net/ - free
http://www.bestpricevitamins.co.uk
http://www.naturesbest.co.uk/ - £1 postage
http://www.baldwins.co.uk
http://www.revital.co.uk/
http://www.healthmonthly.co.uk/index.php - £1.90 - £2.91 in 2015
http://www.justvitamins.co.uk/
http://www.yourhealthfoodstore.co.uk/
http://www.vitaminsdirect.co.uk/
http://www.allternative.com/
http://www.healthydirect.com/
http://www.healthrack.co.uk/
http://www.healingherbsupplies.co.uk/
http://www.emedtv.com/
Nature's Best http://www.naturesBestOnline.com - £1pp
puritanspride.co.uk http://www.puritanspride.co.uk
Bodybuilding.com http://uk.bodybuilding.com - £2
Pharma Nord (Morpeth) - https://www.multivits.co.uk/
----
Search for supplements from only these websites: <<tiddler "Google search template" with: "005363762118272804545:_p_mxkqgbak">>
!Others
http://www.geneticsupplements.co.uk/ - Consett
http://www.ebay.co.uk/usr/alittleofeverything12
!!Free delivery
http://www.dolphinfitness.co.uk/en/sports-supplements
[[discount-supplements.co.uk|http://www.discount-supplements.co.uk]] -'' free shipping''
https://www.healthypeach.com
http://stores.ebay.co.uk/Vitastore-Health
https://www.justvitamins.co.uk
https://www.healthmonthly.co.uk/
----
[[Bristol Botanics|http://www.bristolbotanicals.co.uk]]
[[shopwiki|http://www.shopwiki.co.uk/]]
[[activeherb.co.uk/|http://activeherb.co.uk/]]
[[astrosupplements.com/|http://astrosupplements.com/]]
[[bobbys-healthy-shop.co.uk/|http://bobbys-healthy-shop.co.uk/]]
[[bulkpowders.co.uk|http://www.bulkpowders.co.uk]] - £3 postage
[[chineseherbblog.net/|http://www.chineseherbblog.net/]]
[[cosycave.co.uk|http://www.cosycave.co.uk]]
[[demeterwholefoods.co.uk|http://www.demeterwholefoods.co.uk]]
[[Fushi|http://www.fushi.co.uk/]]
[[hecticlifestyles.co.uk/|http://www.hecticlifestyles.co.uk/]]
[[highernature.co.uk|http://www.highernature.co.uk]]
indigo-herbs.co.uk
[[Ironscience|http://www.ironscience.co.uk]]
[[myprotein.com|http://www.myprotein.com/uk/]]
[[oneon.co.uk/|http://www.oneon.co.uk/]]
[[SSHealthfoods|http://www.sshealthfoods.com]] - good prices
[[Swanson vitamins|http://www.swansonvitamins.co.uk]]
[[thinknatural.com/|http://www.thinknatural.com/]]
[[Vitasunn|http://www.vitasunn.co.uk]] - £2.50
[[Whitley Bay|http://www.sshealthfoods.com/]]
[[Woodland herbs|http://www.woodlandherbs.co.uk]] - good prices for oils
[[worldwidehealthcenter.net|http://www.worldwidehealthcenter.net]]
[[yourhealthfoodstore.co.uk|http://www2.yourhealthfoodstore.co.uk]]
Thehut - £2 postage
----
[[Click here to search for supplements from only these websites: Search for supplements from only these websites: <<tiddler "Google search template" with: "005363762118272804545:f579llthlgm">>
!Setup and adjustment
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=189nYvohLK4
!What's on
[[Freesat guide|http://www.tvguide.co.uk/?systemid=19&cTime=1/2/2015%2010:00:00%20PM&thisTime=&thisDay=&catColor=]]
[[Fabtv|http://www.fab-tv.com/#!tvschedule/cjg9]] - Fitness channel
[[Information tv|http://www.information.tv/WhatIsOn/TheSchedule/]]
!Information
http://www.radioandtelly.co.uk/
!Watch TV online
http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer
https://www.itv.com/itvplayer/
http://www.channel4.com/programmes/catchup
http://www.questtv.co.uk/video/
!Public domain
http://www.publicdomaintorrents.info/index.html
!What to watch tonight
https://jaman.com/
!BBC radio
[[Jeremy Vine feedback|http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b006wr3p/contact]]
[[Feedback|https://ssl.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b006slnx/contact]]
[[Radio 4 schedule|http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/programmes/schedules/fm]]
[[Radio 4 Extra|http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4extra/programmes/schedules]]
[[Food programme|http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08yltqv]]
[[Inside health|http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08y13ml]]
[[History|http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio/categories/factual-history]]
<<tiddler AutoRefresh with: force>>
<<allTags>>
<html>
<body height="100%">
<iframe style="width:100%;height:100%;background:#fff;border:1px solid"; src="http://www.google.co.uk/ig?hl=en"></iframe>
</body>
</html>
|!Markup|!Explanation|
| {{{|}}} |Column Seperator |
| {{{!}}} |Heading (Row or Column) |
| {{{>}}} |Column Span |
| {{{~}}} |Row Span |
| {{{|Left |}}} |Left Align |
| {{{| Right|}}} |Right Align|
| {{{| Center |}}} |Center Align |
| {{{|Caption|c}}} |Table Caption (Can be at top or bottom)|
| {{{|Header|h}}} |Marks the row as being a header row (will be wrapped with a {{{<thead>}}} and so all entries are automatically formatted as per {{{|!}}} cells)|
| {{{|Footer|f}}} |Marks the row as being a footer row (will be wrapped with a {{{<tfoot>}}}, no special formatting is pre-defined for this but can be added to your own CSS)|
| {{{|CSSclass|k}}} |Applies a CSS class to the table to allow additional formatting (NB: only works if no whitespace after the k)|
|>|To have a table with no borders at all. Use {{{|noBorder|k}}} with the CSS (in your StyleSheet tiddler):<<br>>{{{ .noBorder,.noBorder td,.noBorder th,.noBorder tr{border:0} }}}|
|>|!Sample Table|
|>|{{{|table caption|c}}}<<br>>{{{|header|header|h}}}<<br>>{{{|text|more text|}}}<<br>>{{{|!heading|!heading|}}}<<br>>{{{|>|colspan|}}}<<br>>{{{|rowspan|left align |}}}<<br>>{{{|~| center |}}}<<br>>{{{|bgcolor(green):green| right|}}}<<br>>{{{|footer|footer|f}}} |
|>|<<tiddler ./tblShow>>|
!Notes
You can use the custom CSS formatter in combination with headers and lists to allow new lines within the entry. e.g.:
{{{
#{{block{
Bullet 1
Some text in the same bullet
(Note that "block" can be anything, it is the formatters CSS class name)
}}}
# Bullet 2
}}}
#{{block{
Bullet 1
Some text in the same bullet
}}}
# Bullet 2
(Julian Knight, 2006-05-11)
<part atEg hidden>
{{{
This is before the indented text
@@display:block;margin-left:2em;This text will be indented...
...and can even span across several lines...
...or even include blank lines.
@@This is after the indented text
}}}
This is before the indented text
@@display:block;margin-left:2em;This text will be indented...
...and can even span across several lines...
...or even include blank lines.
@@This is after the indented text
</part>
<part tblMarkup hidden>
{{{
|table caption|c
|header|header|h
|text|more text|
|!heading|!heading|
|>|colspan|
|rowspan|left align |
|~| center |
|bgcolor(green):green| right|
|footer|footer|f
}}}
</part>
<part tblShow hidden>
|table caption|c
|header|header|h
|text|more text|
|!heading|!heading|
|>|colspan|
|rowspan|left align |
|~| center |
|bgcolor(green):green| right|
|footer|footer|f
</part>
Source: [[Martin's wiki - Martin Budden's plugins and extensions for TiddlyWiki|http://www.martinswiki.com/#MediaWikiFormatterPlugin]]
''@@color(#660000):Get the latest Tag Cloud by clicking on:@@'' <script label="refresh tags">
var here=story.findContainingTiddler(place);
if (here) story.refreshTiddler(here.getAttribute("tiddler"),null,true);
</script>
<<tagglyTagCloud>>
/***
''Plugin:'' TagglyTag Cloud Macro
''Author:'' Clint Checketts
''Source URL:''
//Note the macro name was changed to stop it from clashing with the original TagCloud plugin//
!Usage
<<tagglyTagCloud>>
!Code
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.tagglyTagCloud = {major: 1, minor: 0 , revision: 0, date: new Date(2006,2,4)};
//Created by Clint Checketts, contributions by Jonny Leroy and Eric Shulman
config.macros.tagglyTagCloud = {
noTags: "No tag cloud created because there are no tags.",
tooltip: "%1 tiddlers tagged with '%0'"
};
config.macros.tagglyTagCloud .handler = function(place,macroName,params) {
var tagCloudWrapper = createTiddlyElement(place,"div",null,"tagCloud",null);
var tags = store.getTags();
for (var t=0; t<tags.length; t++) {
for (var p=0;p<params.length; p++) if (tags[t][0] == params[p]) tags[t][0] = "";
}
if(tags.length == 0)
createTiddlyElement(tagCloudWrapper,"span",null,null,this.noTags);
//Findout the maximum number of tags
var mostTags = 0;
for (var t=0; t<tags.length; t++) if (tags[t][0].length > 0){
if (tags[t][1] > mostTags) mostTags = tags[t][1];
}
//divide the mostTags into 4 segments for the 4 different tagCloud sizes
var tagSegment = mostTags / 4;
for (var t=0; t<tags.length; t++) if (tags[t][0].length > 0){
var tagCloudElement = createTiddlyElement(tagCloudWrapper,"span",null,null,null);
tagCloudWrapper.appendChild(document.createTextNode(" "));
var theTag = createTiddlyLink(tagCloudElement,tags[t][0],true);
theTag.className += " tagCloudtag tagCloud" + (Math.round(tags[t][1]/tagSegment)+1);
// theTag.setAttribute("tag",tags[t][0]);
}
};
setStylesheet(".tagCloud span{height: 1.8em;margin: 3px;}.tagCloud1{font-size: 1.2em;}.tagCloud2{font-size: 1.4em;}.tagCloud3{font-size: 1.6em;}.tagCloud4{font-size: 1.8em;}.tagCloud5{font-size: 1.8em;font-weight: bold;}","tagCloudsStyles");
//}}}
/***
| Name|TagglyTaggingPlugin|
| Description|tagglyTagging macro is a replacement for the builtin tagging macro in your ViewTemplate|
| Version|3.0 ($Rev: 2101 $)|
| Date|$Date: 2007-04-20 00:24:20 +1000 (Fri, 20 Apr 2007) $|
| Source|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#TagglyTaggingPlugin|
| Author|Simon Baird <simon.baird@gmail.com>|
| License|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#TheBSDLicense|
!Notes
See http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#TagglyTagging
***/
//{{{
config.taggly = {
// for translations
lingo: {
labels: {
asc: "\u2191", // down arrow
desc: "\u2193", // up arrow
title: "title",
modified: "modified",
created: "created",
show: "+",
hide: "-",
normal: "normal",
group: "group",
commas: "commas",
sitemap: "sitemap",
numCols: "cols\u00b1", // plus minus sign
label: "Tagged as '%0':",
excerpts: "excerpts",
noexcerpts: "no excerpts"
},
tooltips: {
title: "Click to sort by title",
modified: "Click to sort by modified date",
created: "Click to sort by created date",
show: "Click to show tagging list",
hide: "Click to hide tagging list",
normal: "Click to show a normal ungrouped list",
group: "Click to show list grouped by tag",
sitemap: "Click to show a sitemap style list",
commas: "Click to show a comma separated list",
numCols: "Click to change number of columns"
}
},
config: {
showTaggingCounts: true,
listOpts: {
// the first one will be the default
sortBy: ["title","modified","created"],
sortOrder: ["asc","desc"],
hideState: ["show","hide"],
listMode: ["normal","group","sitemap","commas"],
numCols: ["1","2","3","4","5","6"],
excerpts: ["noexcerpts","excerpts"]
},
valuePrefix: "taggly.",
excludeTags: ["excludeLists","excludeTagging"],
excerptSize: 50,
excerptMarker: "/%"+"%/"
},
getTagglyOpt: function(title,opt) {
var val = store.getValue(title,this.config.valuePrefix+opt);
return val ? val : this.config.listOpts[opt][0];
},
setTagglyOpt: function(title,opt,value) {
if (!store.tiddlerExists(title))
// create it silently
store.saveTiddler(title,title,config.views.editor.defaultText.format([title]),config.options.txtUserName,new Date(),null);
// if value is default then remove it to save space
return store.setValue(title,
this.config.valuePrefix+opt,
value == this.config.listOpts[opt][0] ? null : value);
},
getNextValue: function(title,opt) {
var current = this.getTagglyOpt(title,opt);
var pos = this.config.listOpts[opt].indexOf(current);
// a little usability enhancement. actually it doesn't work right for grouped or sitemap
var limit = (opt == "numCols" ? store.getTaggedTiddlers(title).length : this.config.listOpts[opt].length);
var newPos = (pos + 1) % limit;
return this.config.listOpts[opt][newPos];
},
toggleTagglyOpt: function(title,opt) {
var newVal = this.getNextValue(title,opt);
this.setTagglyOpt(title,opt,newVal);
},
createListControl: function(place,title,type) {
var lingo = config.taggly.lingo;
var label;
var tooltip;
var onclick;
if ((type == "title" || type == "modified" || type == "created")) {
// "special" controls. a little tricky. derived from sortOrder and sortBy
label = lingo.labels[type];
tooltip = lingo.tooltips[type];
if (this.getTagglyOpt(title,"sortBy") == type) {
label += lingo.labels[this.getTagglyOpt(title,"sortOrder")];
onclick = function() {
config.taggly.toggleTagglyOpt(title,"sortOrder");
return false;
}
}
else {
onclick = function() {
config.taggly.setTagglyOpt(title,"sortBy",type);
config.taggly.setTagglyOpt(title,"sortOrder",config.taggly.config.listOpts.sortOrder[0]);
return false;
}
}
}
else {
// "regular" controls, nice and simple
label = lingo.labels[type == "numCols" ? type : this.getNextValue(title,type)];
tooltip = lingo.tooltips[type == "numCols" ? type : this.getNextValue(title,type)];
onclick = function() {
config.taggly.toggleTagglyOpt(title,type);
return false;
}
}
// hide button because commas don't have columns
if (!(this.getTagglyOpt(title,"listMode") == "commas" && type == "numCols"))
createTiddlyButton(place,label,tooltip,onclick,type == "hideState" ? "hidebutton" : "button");
},
makeColumns: function(orig,numCols) {
var listSize = orig.length;
var colSize = listSize/numCols;
var remainder = listSize % numCols;
var upperColsize = colSize;
var lowerColsize = colSize;
if (colSize != Math.floor(colSize)) {
// it's not an exact fit so..
upperColsize = Math.floor(colSize) + 1;
lowerColsize = Math.floor(colSize);
}
var output = [];
var c = 0;
for (var j=0;j<numCols;j++) {
var singleCol = [];
var thisSize = j < remainder ? upperColsize : lowerColsize;
for (var i=0;i<thisSize;i++)
singleCol.push(orig[c++]);
output.push(singleCol);
}
return output;
},
drawTable: function(place,columns,theClass) {
var newTable = createTiddlyElement(place,"table",null,theClass);
var newTbody = createTiddlyElement(newTable,"tbody");
var newTr = createTiddlyElement(newTbody,"tr");
for (var j=0;j<columns.length;j++) {
var colOutput = "";
for (var i=0;i<columns[j].length;i++)
colOutput += columns[j][i];
var newTd = createTiddlyElement(newTr,"td",null,"tagglyTagging"); // todo should not need this class
wikify(colOutput,newTd);
}
return newTable;
},
createTagglyList: function(place,title) {
switch(this.getTagglyOpt(title,"listMode")) {
case "group": return this.createTagglyListGrouped(place,title); break;
case "normal": return this.createTagglyListNormal(place,title,false); break;
case "commas": return this.createTagglyListNormal(place,title,true); break;
case "sitemap":return this.createTagglyListSiteMap(place,title); break;
}
},
getTaggingCount: function(title) {
// thanks to Doug Edmunds
if (this.config.showTaggingCounts) {
var tagCount = store.getTaggedTiddlers(title).length;
if (tagCount > 0)
return " ("+tagCount+")";
}
return "";
},
getExcerpt: function(inTiddlerTitle,title) {
if (this.getTagglyOpt(inTiddlerTitle,"excerpts") == "excerpts") {
var t = store.getTiddler(title);
if (t) {
var text = t.text.replace(/\n/," ");
var marker = text.indexOf(this.config.excerptMarker);
if (marker != -1) {
return " {{excerpt{<nowiki>" + text.substr(0,marker) + "</nowiki>}}}";
}
else if (text.length < this.config.excerptSize) {
return " {{excerpt{<nowiki>" + t.text + "</nowiki>}}}";
}
else {
return " {{excerpt{<nowiki>" + t.text.substr(0,this.config.excerptSize) + "..." + "</nowiki>}}}";
}
}
}
return "";
},
notHidden: function(t,inTiddler) {
if (typeof t == "string")
t = store.getTiddler(t);
return (!t || !t.tags.containsAny(this.config.excludeTags) ||
(inTiddler && this.config.excludeTags.contains(inTiddler)));
},
// this is for normal and commas mode
createTagglyListNormal: function(place,title,useCommas) {
var list = store.getTaggedTiddlers(title,this.getTagglyOpt(title,"sortBy"));
if (this.getTagglyOpt(title,"sortOrder") == "desc")
list = list.reverse();
var output = [];
var first = true;
for (var i=0;i<list.length;i++) {
if (this.notHidden(list[i],title)) {
var countString = this.getTaggingCount(list[i].title);
var excerpt = this.getExcerpt(title,list[i].title);
if (useCommas)
output.push((first ? "" : ", ") + "[[" + list[i].title + "]]" + countString + excerpt);
else
output.push("*[[" + list[i].title + "]]" + countString + excerpt + "\n");
first = false;
}
}
return this.drawTable(place,
this.makeColumns(output,useCommas ? 1 : parseInt(this.getTagglyOpt(title,"numCols"))),
useCommas ? "commas" : "normal");
},
// this is for the "grouped" mode
createTagglyListGrouped: function(place,title) {
var sortBy = this.getTagglyOpt(title,"sortBy");
var sortOrder = this.getTagglyOpt(title,"sortOrder");
var list = store.getTaggedTiddlers(title,sortBy);
if (sortOrder == "desc")
list = list.reverse();
var leftOvers = []
for (var i=0;i<list.length;i++)
leftOvers.push(list[i].title);
var allTagsHolder = {};
for (var i=0;i<list.length;i++) {
for (var j=0;j<list[i].tags.length;j++) {
if (list[i].tags[j] != title) { // not this tiddler
if (this.notHidden(list[i].tags[j],title)) {
if (!allTagsHolder[list[i].tags[j]])
allTagsHolder[list[i].tags[j]] = "";
if (this.notHidden(list[i],title)) {
allTagsHolder[list[i].tags[j]] += "**[["+list[i].title+"]]"
+ this.getTaggingCount(list[i].title) + this.getExcerpt(title,list[i].title) + "\n";
leftOvers.setItem(list[i].title,-1); // remove from leftovers. at the end it will contain the leftovers
}
}
}
}
}
var allTags = [];
for (var t in allTagsHolder)
allTags.push(t);
var sortHelper = function(a,b) {
if (a == b) return 0;
if (a < b) return -1;
return 1;
};
allTags.sort(function(a,b) {
var tidA = store.getTiddler(a);
var tidB = store.getTiddler(b);
if (sortBy == "title") return sortHelper(a,b);
else if (!tidA && !tidB) return 0;
else if (!tidA) return -1;
else if (!tidB) return +1;
else return sortHelper(tidA[sortBy],tidB[sortBy]);
});
var leftOverOutput = "";
for (var i=0;i<leftOvers.length;i++)
if (this.notHidden(leftOvers[i],title))
leftOverOutput += "*[["+leftOvers[i]+"]]" + this.getTaggingCount(leftOvers[i]) + this.getExcerpt(title,leftOvers[i]) + "\n";
var output = [];
if (sortOrder == "desc")
allTags.reverse();
else if (leftOverOutput != "")
// leftovers first...
output.push(leftOverOutput);
for (var i=0;i<allTags.length;i++)
if (allTagsHolder[allTags[i]] != "")
output.push("*[["+allTags[i]+"]]" + this.getTaggingCount(allTags[i]) + this.getExcerpt(title,allTags[i]) + "\n" + allTagsHolder[allTags[i]]);
if (sortOrder == "desc" && leftOverOutput != "")
// leftovers last...
output.push(leftOverOutput);
return this.drawTable(place,
this.makeColumns(output,parseInt(this.getTagglyOpt(title,"numCols"))),
"grouped");
},
// used to build site map
treeTraverse: function(title,depth,sortBy,sortOrder) {
var list = store.getTaggedTiddlers(title,sortBy);
if (sortOrder == "desc")
list.reverse();
var indent = "";
for (var j=0;j<depth;j++)
indent += "*"
var childOutput = "";
for (var i=0;i<list.length;i++)
if (list[i].title != title)
if (this.notHidden(list[i].title,this.config.inTiddler))
childOutput += this.treeTraverse(list[i].title,depth+1,sortBy,sortOrder);
if (depth == 0)
return childOutput;
else
return indent + "[["+title+"]]" + this.getTaggingCount(title) + this.getExcerpt(this.config.inTiddler,title) + "\n" + childOutput;
},
// this if for the site map mode
createTagglyListSiteMap: function(place,title) {
this.config.inTiddler = title; // nasty. should pass it in to traverse probably
var output = this.treeTraverse(title,0,this.getTagglyOpt(title,"sortBy"),this.getTagglyOpt(title,"sortOrder"));
return this.drawTable(place,
this.makeColumns(output.split(/(?=^\*\[)/m),parseInt(this.getTagglyOpt(title,"numCols"))), // regexp magic
"sitemap"
);
},
macros: {
tagglyTagging: {
handler: function (place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
var refreshContainer = createTiddlyElement(place,"div");
// do some refresh magic to make it keep the list fresh - thanks Saq
refreshContainer.setAttribute("refresh","macro");
refreshContainer.setAttribute("macroName",macroName);
refreshContainer.setAttribute("title",tiddler.title);
this.refresh(refreshContainer);
},
refresh: function(place) {
var title = place.getAttribute("title");
removeChildren(place);
if (store.getTaggedTiddlers(title).length > 0) {
var lingo = config.taggly.lingo;
config.taggly.createListControl(place,title,"hideState");
if (config.taggly.getTagglyOpt(title,"hideState") == "show") {
createTiddlyElement(place,"span",null,"tagglyLabel",lingo.labels.label.format([title]));
config.taggly.createListControl(place,title,"title");
config.taggly.createListControl(place,title,"modified");
config.taggly.createListControl(place,title,"created");
config.taggly.createListControl(place,title,"listMode");
config.taggly.createListControl(place,title,"excerpts");
config.taggly.createListControl(place,title,"numCols");
config.taggly.createTagglyList(place,title);
}
}
}
}
},
// todo fix these up a bit
styles: [
"/*{{{*/",
"/* created by TagglyTaggingPlugin */",
".tagglyTagging { padding-top:0.5em; }",
".tagglyTagging li.listTitle { display:none; }",
".tagglyTagging ul {",
" margin-top:0px; padding-top:0.5em; padding-left:2em;",
" margin-bottom:0px; padding-bottom:0px;",
"}",
".tagglyTagging { vertical-align: top; margin:0px; padding:0px; }",
".tagglyTagging table { margin:0px; padding:0px; }",
".tagglyTagging .button { visibility:hidden; margin-left:3px; margin-right:3px; }",
".tagglyTagging .button, .tagglyTagging .hidebutton {",
" color:[[ColorPalette::TertiaryLight]]; font-size:90%;",
" border:0px; padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;",
"}",
".tagglyTagging .button:hover, .hidebutton:hover, ",
".tagglyTagging .button:active, .hidebutton:active {",
" border:0px; background:[[ColorPalette::TertiaryPale]]; color:[[ColorPalette::TertiaryDark]];",
"}",
".selected .tagglyTagging .button { visibility:visible; }",
".tagglyTagging .hidebutton { color:[[ColorPalette::Background]]; }",
".selected .tagglyTagging .hidebutton { color:[[ColorPalette::TertiaryLight]] }",
".tagglyLabel { color:[[ColorPalette::TertiaryMid]]; font-size:90%; }",
".tagglyTagging ul {padding-top:0px; padding-bottom:0.5em; margin-left:1em; }",
".tagglyTagging ul ul {list-style-type:disc; margin-left:-1em;}",
".tagglyTagging ul ul li {margin-left:0.5em; }",
".editLabel { font-size:90%; padding-top:0.5em; }",
".tagglyTagging .commas { padding-left:1.8em; }",
"/* not technically tagglytagging but will put them here anyway */",
".tagglyTagged li.listTitle { display:none; }",
".tagglyTagged li { display: inline; font-size:90%; }",
".tagglyTagged ul { margin:0px; padding:0px; }",
".excerpt { color:[[ColorPalette::TertiaryMid]]; }",
"div.tagglyTagging table,",
"div.tagglyTagging table tr,",
"td.tagglyTagging",
" {border-style:none!important; }",
"/*}}}*/",
""].join("\n"),
init: function() {
merge(config.macros,this.macros);
config.shadowTiddlers["TagglyTaggingStyles"] = this.styles;
store.addNotification("TagglyTaggingStyles",refreshStyles);
}
};
config.taggly.init();
//}}}
Tahini: a health food par-excellence By Habeeb Salloum
Since time immemorial tahini has been a choice food in the countries which edge the eastern Mediterranean. The product of hulled and crushed sesame seeds, this delectable, nourishing, and wholesome thick paste with a nutty flavor is the mayonnaise of the Middle East. In consistency and looks it reminds you of peanut butter, but it has a more subtle taste. It is highly valued as a condiment in these venerable lands and, in particular, it has many culinary and health benefits attributed to it. To the people of the Levant, it is a near perfect food.
Tahini (also spelled taheeni, taheneh or tahineh, which comes from the Arabic word tahana meaning to grind) is very nutritious, containing many of the food values needed by the human body. It has no cholesterol, is relatively sodium free, and is made up from about 50% fat, 20% protein, 16% carbohydrates, 5% fibre. It also contains a good amount of calcium, iron, potassium, phosphorus, and vitamins C and E. In the Middle Eastern lands it has long been believed that, when combined with legumes, tahini becomes the ultimate human edible.
In the past ages, this sesame seed product, besides being employed as a tasty food enhancer in the kitchen, was eaten to restore vitality and sex appeal, and as a bowel movement stimulant. Today, modern science has established that these ancient attributes have some merit. It has found that sesame seeds have some anti-aging qualities helpful in the improvement of skin capillaries and the smooth movement of food through the body.
Versatile in all types of cooking, tahini is utilized in a wide variety of everyday dishes. However, it is chiefly used as a basic vehicle in many sauces and dips, and as a healthy substitute for butter on bread.
A common sauce is made from tahini, lemon juice, garlic, salt, and, at times, other seasonings. This tangy mixture can be served by itself as an appetizer, or combined with avocados, chickpeas, eggplants, potatoes, and a number of other vegetables to create vegetarian delights. It is served with fish and all types of barbecued meats, or employed as a dressing in falafel sandwiches and salads. It is also excellent for seasoning soups and stews and as an ingredient in candies or baking products. A mix of an equal amount of this paste and honey makes a tasty, healthy syrup, which is great with pancakes and waffles or as a morning dip for bread.
Tahini is manufactured in a number of countries, but in the main it is imported from the Middle East, the finest quality coming from Syria and Turkey. It can be purchased bottled or canned from Mediterranean markets and is found in most health, specialty, and gourmet stores. It will keep fresh for months if refrigerated, but if it stands on the shelf for long periods of time it separates and must be stirred before use.
In the large North American cities, tahini’s consumption is fast spreading in the health conscious stratums of society. A tasty and health food par-excellence, it is ensnaring, on a continuing basis, new adherents in all parts of the world.
!Hot tahini sauce:
This sauce can be used as a dip for raw vegetables or as a sauce with falafel, cooked vegetables, and meats.
5 Tbsp. tahini
4 Tbsp. lemon juice
4 Tbsp. olive oil
6 cloves garlic, crushed
4 Tbps. finely chopped fresh parsley or coriander leaves
1/2 tsp. salt
1/2 tsp. pepper
1/8 tsp. cayenne
1/3 cup water
Place all ingredients in a food processor, then process into a paste, adding more water if necessary. Refrigerate, then use as needed.
!Tahini parsley delight:
This dish is excellent when served as an appetizer or as a dip. It goes well with fish dishes.
1/2 cup tahini
1/2 cup lemon juice
1/2 cup water
2 cloves garlic, crushed
1/2 tsp. salt
1/2 tsp. pepper
1/2 tsp. cumin
pinch cayenne
1-1/2 cups finely chopped parsley
Place all ingredients, except parsley, in a food processor, then process for a minute. Transfer to a serving bowl, then stir in the parsley and serve.
!Avacado and tahini spread
1 large or 2 small ripe avocados, (about 1 lb.)
1 clove garlic
4 Tbps. tahini
4 Tbsp. olive oil
4 Tbsp. water
4 Tbsp. finely chopped fresh parsley or coriander
1/2 tsp. salt
1/4 tsp. pepper
pinch cayenne
Pit and quarter the avocados, then place them, along with all ingredients, in a food processor and process into paste. Serve spread on crackers or toasted bread.
!Tahini and yogurt appetizer: Serves 4 to 6.
1 cup plain yogurt
4 Tbsp. tahini
4 Tbsp. finely chopped fresh coriander leaves (cilantro)
2 cloves garlic, crushed
3 Tbsp. vinegar
1/4 tsp. salt
1/4 tsp. pepper
pinch cayenne
1 small tomato, finely chopped
olive oil
Place all ingredients, except tomato and olive oil, in a blender and blend into smooth paste. Spread on a serving platter, then decorate with tomato and sprinkle with a little olive oil before serving.
!Hummus bi tahini: Serves about 8.
This renowned Middle Eastern dish has become a favorite of many people in Europe and North America. Research has established that this dish contains a high quality protein, as well as anti-oxidants which help prevent heart disease and cancer, and that it can be utilized as a milk substitute for toddlers because it is less allergy-producing than soybeans—a commonly used alternative to milk.
2 cups cooked chickpeas
4 Tbsp. tahini
4 Tbsp. lemon juice
4 Tbsp. water
3 Tbsp. olive oil
1/2 tsp. salt
1/2 tsp. pepper
1/8 tsp. cumin
pinch cayenne
2 Tbsp. chopped parsley
Place all ingredients, except parsley, in food processor, then process into a smooth paste, adding a little more water if necessary. Spread on a platter, then decorate with parsley. Sprinkle with a little olive oil and serve.
!Eggplant puree: Serves about 8. This can be served as an appetizer, dip, or salad.
1 eggplant, about 1 lb.
4 Tbsp. tahini
4 Tbsp. lemon juice
1 clove garlic, crushed
1/2 tsp. salt
1/2 tsp. pepper
1/4 tsp. cumin
1/8 tsp. cayenne
1 small tomato, finely chopped
Place eggplant in a 350° F preheated oven, then bake for one hour. Remove and allow to cool, then peel.
Place with remaining ingredients, except tomato, in a food processor, then process into smooth paste. Spread on a platter, then decorate with tomato. Sprinkle with a little olive oil, then serve.
!Tahini and cucumber salad: Serves 6
4 medium cucumbers, about 1 pound, or 454 g, chopped into small pieces
1/2 cup finely chopped green onions
1/2 cup finely chopped parsley or fresh coriander leaves
1/2 cup crumpled feta cheese
3 Tbsp. tahini
3 Tbsp. olive oil
3 Tbsp. vinegar
2 Tbsp. water
2 cloves garlic, crushed
1/2 tsp. salt
1/2 tsp. pepper
1/8 tsp. cayenne
Combine cucumbers, onions, parsley or coriander and cheese in a salad bowl, then set aside.
Thoroughly mix remaining ingredients and pour over vegetables. Toss and serve.
!Tahini and potato salad: Serves from 6 to 8
oil for frying
4 cups potatoes, diced into 1/2-inch cubes
4 Tbsp. tahini
4 Tbsp. lemon juice
3 Tbsp. olive oil
6 Tbsp. water
2 cloves garlic, crushed
2 Tbsp. finely chopped fresh coriander leaves
1 tsp. salt
1/2 tsp. pepper
Heat oil, then deep fry potatoes. Place potatoes on a platter, then set aside.
Thoroughly combine remaining ingredients, adding more water if necessary, then spread evenly over potatoes and serve.
!Tahini-oat muffins
2 cups rolled oats
1-1/2 cups whole wheat flour
1 cup brown sugar
2 tsp. baking powder
1/2 tsp. baking soda
1/2 tsp. salt
1 cup milk
1/2 cup tahini
1/2 cup olive oil
2 eggs, beaten
1 tsp. vanilla
1 cup raisins, rinsed
1/2 cup walnuts, crushed into small pieces
Combine the oats, flour, sugar, baking powder, baking soda, and salt in a mixing bowl, then set aside.
Thoroughly combine the milk, tahini, olive oil, eggs and vanilla, then stir into ingredients in the mixing bowl, adding a little water if necessary. Stir in the raisins and walnuts. Place in greased muffin trays, then bake in a 350°F (180° C) preheated oven for 25 minutes or until the muffins are done.
!Icing for muffins
6 Tbsp. tahini
1 tsp. vanilla
1 cup icing sugar
water
Place tahini, vanilla, and icing sugar in a food processor, then process, adding a little water until the icing is the consistency of soft paste.
Remove the muffins from the oven and allow to cool. Spread the icing over top of the muffins, then allow them to stand for a few hours before serving.
!Baked fish in tahini: Serves from 6 to 8.
2 lb. (907 g) fish filet
1 tsp. salt
1/2 tsp. pepper
4 Tbsp. olive oil
1/2 cup tahini
1/2 cup lemon juice
1/2 cup water
1/8 tsp. cayenne
2 medium onions, finely chopped and fried
Rub fish fillet with salt, pepper, and oil, then bake in a 350° F (180° C) preheated oven for 20 minutes.
In the meantime, combine tahini, lemon juice, water, and cayenne. Pour over baked fish, then spread fried onions evenly over top of fish. Bake for another 10 minutes, then serve hot.
In the past, purchasing ad space was the solution to every entrepreneur's marketing challenge. Then it was direct mail, followed by telemarketing. But with advertising and postage costs on the rise, these tactics have lost some of their appeal.
Today the competition is fierce for a customers' attention. In order to compete, you need to employ take-it-to-the-customer techniques. Some of these techniques can include attending trade shows, seminars, and sending them to your website.
You want to promote your business and in doing so you want to maximize referrals and conduct effective public relations campaigns. The following are five sure-fire, inexpensive marketing methods:
1. Be an expert. Don't overlook your most accessible source of promotion: yourself. Give speeches to industry groups, colleges and community organizations, or offer workshops at conferences and business expos. Provide sign-up sheets or marketing materials for potential customers. Also, be a reference for customers, clients, vendors and related businesses by circulating relevant information and providing contacts. After all, home-based businesses thrive on a steady stream of referrals from clients.
For those of us in the lease purchasing business, this means writing articles for publication. Don't make it difficult, write about the deals you've done. Give speeches at local real estate clubs on lease purchase. Network with local groups (accountants, mortgage brokers, financial planners, etc.). Operate your lease purchase business as we do, as a business, and referrals will come to you, rather than you chasing the deals.
2. Create a press kit. Getting quoted in the media or having an article written about your business is a great and inexpensive way to target your market. Watch for trends that you can tie your business into. Your press kit should include a profile of your company, biographies of its principals, product fact sheets and testimonials from customers. Make a list of trade magazines, local newspapers, and radio and TV stations to which you can send short releases on new products, deals, awards or special events.
Again, for those of us operating a lease purchase business, become the local expert in lease purchasing. Offer to write articles. Be sure to do a press release when you start your business, and distribute it to the local newspapers. If you run a group meeting, seminar, or any type of special event be sure to send a press release to the local papers, radio and television stations. Send out follow up letters after your deals are completed to get testimonials, and keep a journal of your deals.
3. Circulate newsletters. Newsletters are a great way to showcase your company's expertise and keep your name in front of prospective clients on a regular basis. They show that you are not just a salesperson-you are an expert with important information to offer. Develop a mailing list of clients and send copies of your newsletter quarterly.
Again, for those of us in lease purchasing a newsletter can be the perfect vehicle to use as a follow up piece to send to sellers, tenant buyers and investors.
4. Network. You'll save money by selling through trade or professional groups. Swamped with running the daily operations of your business, you may feel you have little time to give. But you'll learn about sales leads by joining groups of like-minded individuals. Also, serve on the boards of community organizations, and host house parties tied to your business-you can hire students from cooking or catering schools or work out an arrangement with a local restaurant to keep costs down.
Whatever type of business you are operating networking is a must. Develop a networking plan and follow through with it. We discuss this extensively in our home business manual. Check it out at our products page on our site.
5. Form alliances. There are several ways you can band together with complementary enterprises to reduce costs and increase business opportunities. Some involve complex legal paperwork, such as a joint venture or a strategic alliance. Others are less formal partnerships, such as a virtual corporation, where you assemble a group for a specific project or client. For instance, as a contractor, you might partner with two other companies to win a bid. Another type of alliance is a consortium, where a group of companies with different specialties share their services; for example, a consulting firm teaming with a graphic artist and a photographer to create brochures and other marketing materials.
In regards to forming alliances in lease purchasing, we have mentioned on numerous occasions to work with accountants, mortgage brokers, financial planners and real estate agents. The key is to forming and keeping alliances is to reciprocate and to pay great referral fees. You have to be sincere when forming alliances, if not, don't bother.
by Chuck and Sue DeFiore
http://www.traintaxi.co.uk - for a list of taxis that will pick up from a station.
Check the price of a Taxi - http://www.worldtaximeter.com/
----
!Wallsend to Newcastle Airport
*East Coast 0191 2533777 £14.50
*Central Taxis 0191 2581000 £15.50
|Macmillan|http://www.prospects-macmillan.com/teacheradv.htm|
| |http://www.english1.org.uk/alev.htm|
|Dorling Kindersley|http://schools.dk.com/|
Ceylon Tea
Jasmine Tea
Green Tea
Ginseng Tea
Black Tea
Pu-erh Tea
Brewingand Storing Rare Teas
Chinese Tea Ceremony
To Brew Tea Chinese-style
Health Benefits of Tea
Jasmine Tea
Jasmine tea is prepared by mixing fired tender green tea with fresh flowers and buds of jasmine to infuse the scent of jasmine into the tea leaves, a favorite around world
What is Korean Ginseng?
Ginseng Tea
Ginseng is a medicinal plant that has long been used for a long time as ahematic and tonic , in Asian countries,including China. Even though America(14types),China(15types),Japan and russia all produce Ginseng, Korea produce the most in the quantity of 30 different types of Ginseng and the Korean Ginsengs are recognized as the best. Types of Ginseng The Ginseng is uprooted after 4 ~ 6 years of growing and then is called Korean Raw Ginseng or Fresh Ginseng , and the dried Korean Raw Ginseng is called White Ginseng. The White Ginseng has three types of processed forms ; Straight Ginseng Roots, Half Curled Ginseng Roots and Curled Ginseng Roots. The Red Ginseng is made only from high quality ginseng by which raw ginseng roots grown for 6 years are selected and then steamed and dried without peeling the skin for manufacturing . Its color is a light- reddish brown to thick yellowish brown. The Red Ginseng is classifed as Heaven Ginseng(the 1st grade). Earth Ginseng(the 2nd grade) and Good Ginseng(the 3rd grade) according to the classification standards such as head, body, form of roots, color, and tissue.
Efficacy of Ginseng
Ginseng has been shown to important the function of the physical body with anti-carcinogenic effects, hypoglycemic effects,protective effects of hyperpiesia, protective effects of gastrointestinal function, aftereffects of drinks, and anti-stress and tonic effects.
Character of Red Ginseng
Red Ginseng is manufactured by streaming the Korean Raw Ginseng for long hours to provent change of the internal ingredients. Through streaming, several kinds of enzymes are activated and the moving molecules turn into a get state which is smoothly absorbed to help protect the Ginseng form long periods of storage. During the manufacturing process the produced enzymes turn the Red Ginseng brown. In addition to the produced enzymes, the anti-acid ingredient like maitol is produced in large quantities which has been proven to imnede the aging process.
Effect of Red Ginseng
Improvement effect of body function
Immunity effect Red Ginseng, which has an adaptongen effect, not only works for regulating the blood sugar, but also improves the immune system of the body, Function more, Red Ginseng helpes prevents any further health related complications.
Regulating of blood sugar level The Red Ginseng contains the ingredients of picklotamin and Amenosin which promote natural secretion and helpsmaintain nomal blood sugar level.
Strengthening of ennergy Red Ginseng can cure a man's importency and is effective for stengthening the stemina.
No habitual use/side effects When Red Ginseng is taken habitually or in large quantities, no harmful side effects are produced. Even when taken before/after sleeping or on an empty stomach, no gastrointestinal troble or interruption of sleep occurs.
Ceylon Tea
Ceylon Tea's international popularity can be summed up in one word "quality". Every pack of Ceylon Tea is guaranteed pure and is of finest quality. A combination of distinctive, fine rich yet mellow flavour, bright and golden colour that appeals to tea drinkers through out the world.
Ceylon Tea is enjoyed everywhere. And it is easy to find. Just look for the Lion symbol. The Ceylon Tea packets identified with Lion logo not only denote the country of origin but also the quality image of Ceylon Teas.
HEALTH
Apart from water, tea is the most popular beverage in the world. One reason for its continuing popularity is that no harmful properties have been associated with tea over the period of more than 45 centuries since the time of its discovery.
Recent evidence indicates that tea drinking is, in fact, beneficial to human well-being, and that the unique chemical composition of tea, distinguishes it from brews prepared from a variety of other vegetable materials which are loosely referred to as "teas". Nutritionally, tea brews contain marginally useful amounts of proteins (1.2%), Carbohydrates (4.5%),amino acids, lipids and vitamins. The mineral content of tea is about 5%, and many of the minerals identifies (e.g. potassium, magnesium, calcium, manganese, zinc, iron) are essential to human health. In respect of these, tea drinking provides significant amount of the daily requirements of the other minerals.
Tea brews also contain 2-3 parts per million of fluoride, and it has been estimated that tea drinking can contribute a substantial proportion of the human requirement of fluoride which is necessary for the prevention of dental cavities, although over sugaring of tea tends to nullify this beneficial effect.
Numerous pharmacological effects are claimed for tea, and many of these have been attributed to caffeine and polyphenols. It is important to realize that excess of either of these compounds individually may be harmful, but their occurrence in combination nullifies the undesirable effects. Caffeine has the effect of dilating the blood vessels, resulting in an increase in the rate of respiration and in the amount of work which can be performed by the muscles without elevating the pulse rate or blood pressure. It has diuretic effect on the kidneys, stimulates gastric secretion and mental alacrity, and relieves mental fatigue. Excessive doses of caffeine can invoke anxiety and unpleasant gastric sensation but tea drinking does not result in these side effects because of the concomitant presence of polyphenols in tea, modifies the pharmacological action of caffeine.
Investigations have shown that tea polyphenols possess the property of strengthening the walls of blood vessels and regulating their permeability, and these desirable effects ascribed to the presence in tea of a compound designated to Vitamin . Several well authenticated reports have also been published on the usefulness of tea in preventing heart disease and there too the evidence suggests that the active principal is polyphenolic in nature.
Other effects claimed for tea are anti-inflammatory action, normalization of thyroid hyper-function, radio-protective effect and antibacterial properties. Considering each of these in turn, the anti-inflammatory action is believed to be due to polyphenols, and the time-honoured practice of treating burns with brewed tea leaves is an empirical recognition of its efficacy. It has also been claimed that tea affords protection against the development of leukaemia after exposure to radiation.
The consensus of opinion would therefore favour the view that tea is a pleasant and stimulating beverage, possessing nutritional and pharmacological which are beneficial to health.
Green Tea Tea
THE BENEFITS YOU WILL RECEIVE FROM DRINKING GREEN TEA
GREEN TEA has long been valued in China for its miraculous medicinal properties of maintenance of good health. It was said that " it is better to drink GREEN TEA than to take medicine ". Today, we have many medical reports by accredited institutions concluding that GREEN TEA contains healing properties, such as Catechins polyphenols, Polysac cahrides, Flavonids, Vitamin B complex, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, r-Amino Butyric Acid and Fluoride.
The fermentation process for the black tea and oolong tea which oxidizes and reduces the Catechins antioxidant. GREEN TEA, dried without fermentation, thus contains a higher value of Catechin Polyphenols that have antioxidant properties, which are known to protect against cancer. GREEN TEA also contains significantly less caffeine than black teas.
These health benefits have been mentioned in many newspaper and journals including CNN, USA Today, New York Times, Chinese Daily News, Journal of National Cancer Institute, etc.
Comments are as follows:
GREEN TEA can help reduce the risks of esophageal (the tube through which food passes from the pharynx to the stomach), skin and other forms of cancer ,mainly by its significant antioxidant properties. (National Cancer Institute).
GREEN TEA can help to lower cholesterol and cuts risk of stroke in men. (American Medical Association)
GREEN TEA can help to suppress aging and refresh the body.
GREEN TEA can help to inhibit the growth of various bacteria causing diarrhea diseases.
GREEN TEA can help to stop cavities because of its rich source of fluoride. The report of the National Cancer Institute about the cancer preventative qualities of the GREEN TEA added new life to the market trend of the Green Tea.
Black Tea
Yunnan is the lush region where the tea plant-camellia sinensis-originated. The Yunnan tea leaves brew a full bodied tea with pleasing overtones of sweetness, a tinge of citrus and subtle smoke. The deeply fertile soil and misty condition of Yunnan, which literally means " South of Clouds," produce a large leaf tea varietal ideal for delivering full flavor.
Pu-erh Tea
From China's Yunnan province comes this grease-cutting, coffee-kicker tea. You'll either love or hate this one! It definitely has lots of character and personality, and is a great early morning tea to kickstart your day. It is aged, ripe and high octane, featuring a rich earthy taste with briny overtones. It's not for timid tea drinkers.
There are many health benefits attributed to this tea; it lowers cholesterol and tricglycerides, cleanses the blood, is great for hangovers and indigestion, and also a treatment for obesity. Give it a long steep with full boiling. It's the perfect commuter tea. Simply place the tea unit in a glass thermos and fill with boiling water (let it steep overnight for "espresso" strength). It's the perfect tea for coffee drinkers!
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Brewing and Storing Rare Teas
Some Tips on Brewing Teas:
Start with good-tasting water. Experiment with different spring waters. Do not use boiling water when brewing a white, green or jasmine tea. Boiling water "cooks" the leaves of these teas, destroying their flavor. Here are some suggested water temperatures: jasmine or green teas: 70° - 75° C. (160° - 170° F.) Black teas: Near boiling Pu-erhs: Full, rolling boil Choose a ceramic teapot, or covered cup, with a four to twelve-ounce capacity. A teapot with a built-in strainer will prevent leaves from entering the spout. Preheat the teapot with hot water. Use approximately four grams of tea per eight ounces of water. Use twice that amount for Pu-erhs. Brew these teas loose, not in a tea ball or infuser, to allow the flavor to develop fully. Different teas have widely varying volumes; visually, your teapot will be more full of leaves when brewing a lighter tea such Spring Blossom Pekoe rather than a denser tea like a Lung Ching (Dragon Well). At first, until familiar with a particular tea, steep for a minute or two, then taste. Pay attention to the taste rather than the color. When the tea tastes right to you, serve or pour off the entire contents to avoid oversteeping. Most rare teas are meant to be infused several times; simply add more hot water when needed, increasing steeping times with subsequent infusions. Feel free to experiment with water temperature, brewing time, and proportion of tea to water. There is no right or wrong way. Don't overlook the beautiful colors and shapes of the leaves while brewing; appearance is very much a part of the experience. Most importantly, enjoy the tea!
The Best Way to Store Tea
All tea has a shelf life. Proper storage is necessary to prolong freshness. Store tea in opaque containers to avoid contact with light. Use a container with a tight-sealing lid to guard against moisture and preserve flavor. Store in a cool place. Refrigeration is advisable for all green teas.
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Chinese Tea Ceremony
The art of drinking and serving tea plays a major cultural role in China. It inspires poetry and songs. Mutual love of tea cements lifelong friendships. For centuries, the ritual of preparing and serving tea has held a special place in the hearts and minds of Chinese aristocracy, court officials, intellectuals and poets. The Chinese tea ceremony emphasizes the tea, rather than the ceremony -- what the tea tastes like, smells like, and how one tea tastes compared to the previous tea, or in successive rounds of drinking. Ceremony doesn't mean that each server will perform the ritual the same way; it is not related to religion. Each step is meant to be a sensory exploration and appreciation. Most teas used in the Chinese tea ceremony are grown in the mountains of China at around 4,000 feet. These teas are particularly refined, such as Yunnan green teas which are lightly fermented and red teas that can be moderately to heavily fermented. This style of tea-drinking uses small cups to match the small, unglazed clay teapots; each cup is just large enough to hold about two small swallows of tea. These tiny cups are particularly popular in Fujian and Chiujao, in southern coastal China above Canton. In Shanghai, Yunnan and Beijing they use large cups.
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To Brew Tea Chinese-style
After heating water to boiling, the teapot first is rinsed with hot water. Using chopsticks or a bamboo tea scoop, fill teapot approximately 1/3 full with tea leaves and then pour boiling water into the pot. Hold the teapot over a large bowl, letting the overflow run into the bowl. Give the tea leaves a rinse by filling the pot half full with hot water, then draining the water out immediately, leaving only the soaked tea leaves. Now fill the pot to the top with more hot water, cover and pour additional water over the teapot resting in the tea bowl. Do not allow bubbles to form in the pot.
When mixed with the tea, bubbles form a foam that is not aesthetically pleasing. Be sure to not let the tea steep too long; the first infusion should be steeped for only 30 seconds. In less than a minute, pour the tea into the cups by moving the teapot around in a continual motion over the cups so that they are filled together. Each cup should taste exactly the same. After steeping, the tea can be poured into a second teapot or tea pitcher to be served at leisure. More water can be added to the teapot, and up to five infusions typically can be made from the same tea leaves. Be sure to add 10 more seconds for the second brewing and 15 additional seconds thereafter. Each pot of tea serves three to four rounds and up to five or six, depending on the tea and the server. The goal is that each round taste the same as the first. Creating consistent flavor is where the mastery of the server is seen.
Importance of Water
The water used in the tea ceremony is as important as the tea itself. Chlorine and fluoride in tap water should be filtered out as they harm the flavor of the tea. Distilled water makes flat tea and should be avoided. High mineral content in the water brings out the richness and sweetness of green tea. Black teas taste better when made with water containing less Volvic. Ideal tea water should have an alkaline pH around 7.9. Green teas are ruined by boiling water; the temperature is best around 170-185 degrees F. Oolongs made with underboiled water are more fragrant, which enhances the tea-drinking experience.
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Health Benefits of Tea
In general Tea's active ingredients are caffeine in combination with the tannin that gives it its pungency and much of its aroma and flavor (which essential oils also enhance). The New York Academy of Medicine held a symposium on "Pharmacological and Physiological Effects of Tea" in 1955 and found that, for reasons they could not explain, tea, unlike coffee, does not cause nervousness, insomnia, or stomach irritation when drunk in quantity.
The scientists' tests showed a cup of tea gives both an immediate and a delayed lift without secondary depressing effects later on. They agreed tea is a good agent for relieving fatigue and aids clearness of thought and digestion alike. The Tea Cure Long-term consumption of black tea -- the kind that most Americans and Europeans drink -- and of other foods such as apples containing chemicals called flavonoids was associated with a much lower risk of stroke in a study of 552 Dutch men. Flavonoids are natural vitaminlike compounds. They make blood cells called platelets less prone to clotting, and act as antioxidants, countering the artery-damaging potential of highly reactive free radical chemicals. In the study, men with a high flavonoid intake had a 73 percent lower risk of stroke during 15 years of follow-up, compared with men with a low intake of flavonoids. The men in the study got about 70 percent of their flavonoids from drinking black tea. Men who drank more than 4.7 cups of tea a day had a 69 percent reduced risk of stroke compared with men who drank less than 2.6 cups a day, said the researchers of the National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection in Bilthoven, the Netherlands. Researchers in Australia announced that a cup of tea could be the next weapon in the fight against skin cancer.
A study by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization revealed that mice made to sip black tea suffered 54 percent fewer cancers than those that drank water. Both sets of test animals were exposed to levels of ultraviolet rays that an average Australian receives. Earlier studies on black tea have shown that it can be effective against some forms of cancer and may even prevent heart and liver disease. Properties in green and black tea called antioxidants are thought to be active agents against skin cancer.
In the past 10 to 15 years, a growing body of research has shown that foods and vitamins with a strong anti-oxidant effect may reduce the risk of many diseases, including cancer and aging. Human trials using black tea as a preventative against cancer will begin in 1997. Pu-Erh tea, from Yunnan province in China, has long been considered a special delicacy and an indispensable part of daily health care. Many give this remarkable tea credit for restoring and maintaining good health.
Generations of Chinese have drunk this tea after rich meals to "cut the grease." In the 1970's Chinese doctors in Kunming reported clinical experiments in which drinking Pu-Erh was shown to lower cholesterol levels in the blood stream. French researchers at St. Antoine Hospital in Paris duplicated these results and found that three cups of Pu-Erh a day for a month brought lipids down 25 percent in 20 hyperlipidemia patients, while those on other teas showed no change.
These tests showed Pu-Erh performed at least as well as clofibrate, the most advanced medicine for the purpose, without the drug's side effects. It has since been shown to help reduce body weight. Many report that drinking it after meals relieves any overstuffed feelings and aids digestion. The Chinese claim that Pu-Erh also can lower blood alcohol after drinking, prevent dysentery, and stimulate secretions from the spleen and other organs.
Herbal Teas Research has shown that green tea may contain cancer-fighting agents, and certain herbal teas claim to combat or soothe many maladies. Herbal teas technically are not teas at all, but infusions of herbs, flowers and spices. Many herbal teas use catchy names and packaging to enhance their appeal. Among them are: Allergy Season Tea by The Yogi Tea Co., Herbal Throat Tea by Celestial Seasonings, Steady Stomach by Herbal Comfort, and PMS Tea by Traditional Medicinals. As with anything, herbal teas should be consumed in moderation.
The cost of a telegram depends on the number of words, so naturally people try to use as few words as possible. Articles can almost always be left out of sentences without destroying the meaning, and it is often possible to omit pronouns, possessive adjectives, prepositions, auxiliary verbs and conjunctions. Look at these examples, and try to rewrite them in ordinary English:
{{{
SEND BLUE SWEATER AND CHEQUE UNABLE TRAVEL SATURDAY LETTER FOLLOWS THANKS SUPER WEEKEND WRITING
}}}
People usually use the present participle (e.g. ‘coming’, ‘sending’) in telegrams to refer to their plans for the future:
{{{
ARRIVING 2.30 CAN YOU MEET
SENDING MONEY TOMORROW ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT
COMING SATURDAY
}}}
(Note that’ coming Saturday’ and ‘ come Saturday’ are not the same:’ come Saturday’ means ‘Please come on Saturday’.)
!!Exercise a
''Write these telegrams in ordinary language:''
PLANS CHANGED PHONE TUESDAY MORNING
IMPORTANT WE MEET SOON PLEASE SUGGEST DATE
COME SUNDAY SPEND WEEK BRING GRANNY IF POSSIBLE
YOUR OFFER UNACCEPTABLE CANCEL DFAT
THANKS INVITATION REGRET JULY IMPOSSIBLE HOW ABOUT SEPTEMBER
COMING LIVERPOOL THURSDAY ARRANGE MEETING SMITH AND WATSON
THANKS WONDERFUL ROSES DARLING SEE YOU SOON
NEW PROBLEMS ESSENTIAL YOU RETURN SOONEST
ALBERT BORN THURSDAY MORNING BOTH WELL
!!Exercise b
Write telegrams for imaginary situations that you might find yourself in. For instance, suppose you have all your luggage and papers stolen while on holiday abroad; or you have to tell somebody about an accident; or you want to congratulate somebody on an examination success.
!Normal values
Normal values of testosterone levels for males: normal range of total testosterone for men is between 300 - 1200 nanograms per deciliters (ng/dl). Normal ranges for free testosterone (the actual active testosterone that your body can use) are: 8.7 - 25 picograms per milliliters (pg/ml).
!Desirable values
The closer to the upper level you are in both ranges the better.
!Testosterone supplements
http://bodybuilding.about.com/od/womensfitnesstopics/a/testosterone.htm
<<rssReader asText http://dokuwiki.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/feed.php?type=rss2&num=5&linkto=current&content=html>>
!Currency and exchange rate
''1 Thai baht'' = ''0.0202884615'' British pounds and ''1 British pound'' = ''49.2890995'' Thai baht
25 Thai baht = 0.507211538 British pounds
50 Thai baht = 1.01442308 British pounds
100 Thai baht = 2.02884615 British pounds
!Holiday overviews
http://www.tripadvisor.co.uk/Tourism-g293915-Thailand-Vacations.html
http://www.mypattaya.com/
!Articles and images
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2322470/The-7-minute-workout-proven-good-long-run-weights-session--PAIN-reap-benefits.html
http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/05/09/the-scientific-7-minute-workout/?_r=0
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The Aztecs/Mexicas were the native American people who dominated northern México at the time of the Spanish conquest led by Hernan CORTES in the early 16th century. According to their own legends, they originated from a place called Aztlan, somewhere in north or northwest Mexico. At that time the Aztecs (who referred to themselves as the Mexica or Tenochca) were a small, nomadic, Nahuatl-speaking aggregation of tribal peoples living on the margins of civilized Mesoamerica. Sometime in the 12th century they embarked on a period of wandering and in the 13th century settled in the central basin of México. Continually dislodged by the small city-states that fought one another in shifting alliances, the Aztecs finally found refuge on small islands in Lake Texcoco where, in 1325, they founded the town of TENOCHTITLAN (modern-day Mexico City). The term Aztec, originally associated with the migrant Mexica, is today a collective term, applied to all the peoples linked by trade, custom, religion, and language to these founders.
Fearless warriors and pragmatic builders, the Aztecs created an empire during the 15th century that was surpassed in size in the Americas only by that of the Incas in Peru. As early texts and modern archaeology continue to reveal, beyond their conquests and many of their religious practices, there were many positive achievements:
the formation of a highly specialized and stratified society and an imperial administration
the expansion of a trading network as well as a tribute system
the development and maintenance of a sophisticated agricultural economy, carefully adjusted to the land
and
the cultivation of an intellectual and religious outlook that held society to be an integral part of the cosmos.
The yearly round of rites and ceremonies in the cities of Tenochtitlan and neighboring Tetzcoco, and their symbolic art and architecture, gave expression to an ancient awareness of the interdependence of nature and humanity.
The Aztecs remain the most extensively documented of all Amerindian civilizations at the time of European contact in the 16th century. Spanish friars, soldiers, and historians and scholars of Indian or mixed descent left invaluable records of all aspects of life. These ethnohistoric sources, linked to modern archaeological inquiries and studies of ethnologists, linguists, historians, and art historians, portray the formation and flourishing of a complex imperial state.
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Tehuatzin ti Mexicatl - We Are Mexica
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Clockwise, the days of the Aztec Calendar are as follows:
Twenty Days of the Aztec Month
Snake - Coatl
Lizard - Cuetzpallin
House - Calli
Wind - Ehecatl
Crocodile - Cipactli
Flower - Xochitl
Rain - Quiahuitl
Flint - Tecpatl
Movement - Ollin
Vulture - Cozcacuauhtli
Eagle - Cuauhtle
Jaguar - Ocelotl
Cane - Acatl
Herb - Malinalli
Monkey - Ozomatli
Hairless Dog - Itzquintli
Water - Atl
Rabbit - Tochtli
Deer - Mazatl
Skull - Miquiztli
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Aztec Gods
Religion was extremely important in Aztec life. They worshipped hundreds of gods and goddesses, each of whom ruled one or more human activities or aspects of nature. The people had many agricultural gods because their culture was based heavily on farming; also they included natural elements and ancestor-heroes. These gods included:
CENTEOTL, the corn god.
COATLICUE - She of the Serpent Skirt.
EHECATL, the god of wind.
HUEHUETEOTL, "the old, old deity," was one of the names of the cult of fire, among the oldest in Mesoamerica. The maintenance of fires in the temples was a principal priestly duty, and the renewal of fire was identified with the renewal of time itself.
HUITZILOPOCHTLI, (the war/sun god and special guardian of Tenochtitlan) the deified ancestral warrior-hero, was the Mexica-Aztec patron par excellence. His temple (next to that of Tlaloc) on the Main Pyramid was the focus of fearsome sacrifices of prisoners captured by Aztec warriors. Victims' heads were strung as trophies on a great rack, the Tzompantli, erected in the precinct below.
MICTLANTECUHTLE, god of the dead.
OMETECUHLTI and his wife OMECIHUATL created all life in the world.
QUETZALCOATL, (the god of civilization and learning) "quetzal (feather) serpent," had dozens of associations. It was the name of a deity, a royal title, the name of a legendary priest-ruler, a title of high priestly office. But its most fundamental significance as a natural force is symbolized by the sculpture of a coiled plumed serpent rising from a base whose underside is carved with the symbols of the earth deity and Tlaloc. The image of the serpent rising from the earth and bearing water on its tail is explained in the Nahuatl language by a description of Quetzalcoatl in terms of the rise of a powerful thunderstorm sweeping down, with wind raising dust before bringing rain.
TEZCATLIPOCA, (god of Night and Sorcery) "Smoking Mirror" (obsidian), characterized as the most powerful, supreme deity, was associated with the notion of destiny. His cult was particularly identified with royalty, for Tezcatlipoca was the object of the lengthy and reverent prayers in rites of kingship.
TLALOC, the rain deity, belonged to another most memorable and universal cult of ancient Mexico. The name may be Aztec, but the idea of a storm god especially identified with mountaintop shrines and life-giving rain was certainly as old as Teotihuacan. The primary temple of this major deity was located atop Mt. Tlaloc, where human victims were sacrificed to fertilize water-rocks within the sacred enclosure. In Tenochtitlan another Tlaloc temple shared the platform atop the dual Main Pyramid, a symbolic mountain.
TONATIUH, the sun, was perceived as a primary source of life whose special devotees were the warriors. The warriors were charged with the mission to provide the sun with sacrificial victims. A special altar to the sun was used for sacrifices in coronation rites, a fact that signifies the importance of the deity. The east-west path of the sun determined the principal ritual axis in the design of Aztec cities.
TONANTZIN, "honored grandmother," was among the many names of the female earth-deity.
TEZCATLIPOCA, an all-powerful god; Tonatiuh, the sun god.
XILONEN, "young maize ear," and Chicomecoatl, "seven serpent," were principal deities of maize representing the chief staple of Mesoamerican peoples.
XIPE TOTEC, the god of springtime and regrowth.
XIUHTECUHTLE the fire god.
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The following is a list of Aztec Emperors:
NAME TRANSLATION DATES SERVED
TENOCH TUNA DE PIEDRA 1325-1375
ACAMAPICHTLI MANOJO DE CANAS 1376-1396
HUITZILIHUITL PLUMA DE COLIBRI 1397-1417
CHIMALPOPOCA ESCUDO HUMEANTE 1418-1427
ITZCOATL SERPIENTE DE OBSIDIANA 1428-1440
MOCTEZUMA ILHUICAMINA EL FLECHADOR DEL CIELO 1441-1469
AXAYACATL CARA DE AGUA 1470-1481
TIZOC PIERNA ENFERMA 1482-1486
AHUITZOTL PERRO DE AGUA 1487-1502
MOCTEZUMA XOCOYOTZIN EL SENOR VALEROSO 1503-1520
CUITALAHUAC EXCREMENTO SECO 1520-1521
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CUAUHTEMOC
(He who decends like an eagle.)
1520-1521
{koo-ow-tay'-mawk}
Cuauhtemoc, c.1495-1525, became ruler of the AZTECS in 1521, during the siege of TENOCHTITLAN, and led the final desperate resistance of that city against the Spanish conquistadors. After weeks of street fighting, he surrendered to Hernan CORTES. This act marked the end of the Aztec empire and the beginning of Spanish dominion in Mexico.
Cuauhtemoc was first treated kindly by the Spanish, then imprisoned and tortured, and finally hanged during Cortes's march to Honduras, on a charge of plotting treachery. A tomb below the church at his birthplace, Ixcateopan in Guerrero, is said to contain his remains, but not all scholars accept this attribution.
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Aztec Books, Documents, and Writing
Aztec Bibliography
Berdan, Frances F., and Anawalt, Patricia, eds., The Codex Mendoza, 4 vols. (1992)
Berdan, Frances. Aztecs of Central Mexico: An Imperial Society. Holt, 1982. Ethnographic reconstruction of preconquest Aztec culture.
Carrasco, David, ed., To Change Place: Aztec Ceremonial Landscapes (1991)
Caso, Alfonso. The Aztecs, People of the Sun. Oklahoma, 1978. Trans. Lowell Dunham. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1958. Contends that Aztecs were primarily religious people and lived accordingly.
Castillo, Bernal Diaz, The Discovery and Conquest of Mexico, trans. by A. P. Maudsley (1956)
Chimalpain's " Diferentes Historias Originales de los Reinos de Culhuacan y México y de Otras Provincias "
Clendinnen, Inga. Aztecs: An Interpretation. Cambridge, 1991. Describes the lives of "ordinary" Aztecs.
Cortes, Hernan, Letters from Mexico, trans. by A. R. Pagden (1971)
Cortez, Hernando ' "Cartas de Relación " (a series of five letters written by the conqueror to king Charles V, published in Spanish by Porrúa Hermanos and in English by Norton & Co. as translated by J. Bayard Morris)
Davies, Nigel. The Aztecs: A History. Oklahoma, 1980; 1986. Political history spanning 400-year empire before Spanish conquest.
del Castillo, Berná Diaz. Discovery and Conquest of Mexico. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Cudahy, 1956.
Duran, Diego 's "Book of the Gods and Rites and the Ancient Calendar " (translated by Doris Heyden and Fernando Horcasitas in a 1971 edition by the Univ. of Oklahoma Press)
Hassig, Ross. Aztec Warfare: Imperial Expansion and Political Control. Oklahoma, 1988. An examination of the Aztec Empire in terms of its own goals and objectives.
Karen, Ruth. Feathered Serpent: The Rise and Fall of the Aztecs. Four Winds, 1979. The origins of the civilization, brutal cultural organization, and military conquest by Spaniards.
Leó, Miguel. The Aztec Image of Self and Society. Ed. J. Jorge Klow de Alva. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1992.
Leon-Portilla, Miguel. Aztec Image of Self and Society. Utah, 1992. "An Introduction to Nahua Culture" (subtitle).
Leon-Portilla, Miguel, ed. The Broken Spears: An Aztec Account of the Conquest of Mexico. Beacon, 1962. Translations of a selection of indigenous accounts of the conquest.
Leon-Portilla, Miguel's "Aztec Thought and Culture " (Univ. Oklahoma Press, 1963; several printings), A classic analysis of the Aztec mind, a translation of the author's 1956 Spanish original: "La FilosofíaNahuatl " (UNAM, Mexico City).
Matos Moctezuma, Eduardo. Aztecs. Rizzoli, 1989. Draws on both archaeological and ethnohistorical evidence.The Mighty Aztecs. National Geographic, 1981. Illustrated overview of their short-lived glories.
Moctezuma, Eduardo Matos. The Great Temple of the Aztecs. Trans. Doris Heyden. New York: Thames and Hudson, Ltd., 1988.
Soustelle, Jacques's "La Vida Cotidiana de los Aztecas en Vísperas de la Conquista " (1956, Fondo de Cultura Económica, Mexico City, many printings), a translation from the original French work published in 1955.
Tezozomoc, Fernando Alvarado 's "Crónica Mexicayotl " (1975, UNAM, Mexico City).
Townsend, Richard F., The Aztecs (1992)
Weaver, Muriel Porter. The Aztecs, Maya, and Their Predecessors Archeology of Mesoamerica. New York: Seminar Press, 1972.
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Last Updated: December 7, 1998
This site has been accessed times since February 8, 1996.
Tony Blair never owned up to much reading while he was Prime Minister. Ivanhoe and The Lord of the Rings (to his kids) were the novels he publicly referenced; otherwise, the Bible and the Koran, both of which he tended to take with him on planes (perhaps hedging his bets). He proved pretty impermeable to the novelist's imagination as well; too slippery to caricature, too media-friendly for mystery.
Despite this, he presided over a decade in which the number of books published grew exponentially and in which they were ever more easily available; reading became a social event in book groups and online chat. We read, increasingly, in order to interact, that most Blairite of legacies.
The books we have felt moved to interact about in the past decade, however, the books that have become phenomena and common ground, have been curious texts for opinion-forming. They may define the era, but only by default. Some point to a growing paranoia (The Da Vinci Code), or a simple need for childish escapism (Harry Potter). Because we have grown used to measuring everything in column inches and sales volumes and personal stories ('She used to write in cafes and now she's richer than the Queen!'), it would be hard to argue against JK Rowling as the writer of the current age. Has there been a government of any era, for example, in which both the Chancellor of the Exchequer (Gordon Brown) and the Home Secretary (David Blunkett) could happily have announced, during a time of war, a children's book about a trainee wizard as their bedside reading?
Though books have never been more visible in the culture, it is odd how few of them engage directly with our here and now. You would be hard-pressed to fill a shelf with books that have sold in real numbers in the past 10 years that have examined exactly how it has felt to be alive in Britain during the Blair era or even that have shaped our common understanding of the decade. Tesco has started selling books along with everything else, and the books it sells have been largely of two kinds: 'misery memoirs', which tend to begin with children in cupboards being force-fed bleach (before they become melodramatic), and 'chick lit', which, post-Bridget Jones, mostly reflects the vision of British women that is also the staple of celebrity culture: neurotic, body-obsessed, media-saturated party-stumblers.
In both genres, there is a curious absence of any kind of recognisable social context; the misery books are drastically dumbed-down Dickens, the chick-lit attention-deficit Austen. Both play to a sense of self-absorption; the social novel, the attempt to capture the spirit of an age through its culture, is the stuff of period dramas rather than literary ambition. Why attempt to tell the story of other lives when your own is so compelling? Dave Eggers in his A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius managed to turn the implications of exactly this question into one of the decade's most original books.
There is a further argument that it takes novelists a decade or a generation properly to reflect their times. That argument is supported by one of the best satires of the Thatcher years, Alan Hollinghurst's The Line of Beauty, which emerged long after the baroness had departed, but undone by another, Martin Amis's Money, which was written at the height of her powers.
This principle seems to hold much more strongly for Britain than, say, for America. Many American novelists have taken on the challenge of their age directly, addressing the Bush years in close terms and, since their reality has shaped ours, you could look to Don DeLillo's four novels beginning with Underworld, which prefigured the climate of 9/11, or Philip Roth's extraordinary six novels written in the past decade, as having the proper pressure of our times.
The two most notable British novels that were exceptions to this transatlantic rule have been Zadie Smith's landmark debut White Teeth, which caricatured wonderfully some of the texture, comedy and tension of contemporary London, and Ian McEwan's Saturday, which was a poised attempt to understand the morality of the distant horror being done in our names from the comfort of a capital city suddenly awash with liberality and cash. In the Blair era, more than ever, London has become another country, a place where things are done differently, and both of these books caught some of the essence of that change.
London is also the ostensible subject of the book I've returned to most often in order to get a feel for the spirit of the past 10 years, but it is a London of the margins rather than the centre. While the portion of society commonly reflected in the media has become ever more narrow, whole landscapes and ways of British life sometimes seemed to go unreported. Iain Sinclair's London Orbital is not a novel, though it is written with a formidable novelist's care; it also has a breadth and reach about our times that no novel has quite mustered. It was based on a pilgrimage of sorts and a desire for escape just as powerful as that felt by the Tube commuters reading about little boys and goblets of fire. Sinclair wanted to get away from that most potent of symbols of the Blair years, the Millennium Dome, so he walked a London circuit as far as possible from its pull and influence, around the M25, and captured the spirit of a decade's hinterland in every sense. This was where London's stories washed up, the housing projects, the logistics factories and the recycling units; the pilgrimage became a celebration of sprawl.
Almost every step of Sinclair's epic and often hilarious journey was monitored by CCTV cameras, but none of them observed things anything like as acutely as he did. The most trouble he had, fittingly, was on a footpath near the Big Brother house, where Channel 4 muscle tried to prevent him passing in the name of reality television. Truly, the tale of our times.
Tim Adams
Sunday July 1, 2007
[[The Observer|http://observer.guardian.co.uk/review/story/0,,2115479,00.html#article_continue]]
Ambrose Bierce was the scourge of political corruption and all forms of hypocrisy. What better time could there be, then, to rediscover his classic satirical dictionary?
Introduction by Angus Calder
06 December 2003
Ambrose Bierce (1842-1913?) despised realism. In his Devil's Dictionary he defines it as "The art of depicting nature as it is seen by toads". Assuming that his own life was a fiction, who would credit as "realistic" either its beginning or end - the bizarre circumstance of his naming, and the extraordinary fact that one of America's most celebrated literary figures could disappear without trace on an actual or fabricated excursion into Mexico to view the battles of its revolution?
There is too a staring contradiction between the personality projected in his journalistic writings - that of a cynical misanthrope and intractable misogynist, despairing of politicians, venomously antipathetic to religious belief, and scathing in his invective against writers whom he considered bad - and the person exposed by biographers. The Bierce persona of the Dictionary was the mask of a much hurt man.
Though he quarrelled with many friends sooner or later, he always had ample to choose from. Perhaps because they thought they knew his contempt for females was a pose, numerous women were amongst the writers who flocked for advice to the Dr Johnson of San Francisco, the literary arbiter of West Coast America, and to whom he was unflaggingly kind and supportive. "Bitter Bierce" somehow survived, with a rich sunset glow of reputation.
We cannot recapture whatever charm it was in Bierce that made contemporaries tolerate, relish and even love the great "curmudgeon". Suffice it to point out that he was an extraordinarily handsome man. He was tall and stood straight, fit-seeming, despite chronic asthma. His fair hair flourished, his moustache was magnificent. His eyes were clear blue and his complexion fresh and rosy despite his habitual excesses with strong drink. He dressed stylishly and was obsessively committed to personal hygiene, perhaps because he had spent the formative years of his life in the stench and filth of one of the nastiest conflicts in human history.
He was born on 24 June 1842, in Meigs County, Ohio, the tenth child of Laura and Marcus Bierce. Father, an indigent farmer and devout Congregationalist puritan, descended, like Mother, from 17th-century settlers, decided that each child's name should begin with A - Abigail, Amelia, Ann, Addison, Aurelius, Augustus, Almeda, Andrew, Albert - then Ambrose. Further As followed - Arthur who died in 1846 aged nine months, then twin girls, Adelia and Aurelia, both dead within two years.
Understanding of Ambrose surely has to begin with the fact that as his own understanding dawned, his mother was preoccupied firstly with caring for infants, secondly with mourning losses. Woman did not give Boy the love he needed. Rejecting Family, he took to Books in his father's large library.
Ambrose was a loner, unhappy both at home and school. When he turned 15, he quit the homestead for good, at first working as a printer's "devil" on a local newspaper before gravitating to Akron, f Ohio, where Marcus's younger brother Lucius was the most prominent local citizen - lawyer, author, four times mayor, and military legend.
Lucius decided that Ambrose should be a soldier, and sent him, aged 17, to the Kentucky Military Institute. Ambrose dropped out after only one year. For nine months, he drifted through menial jobs; then in the spring of 1861, Civil War erupted. Bierce was one of the first to enlist in Lincoln's army.
With the Ninth Indiana Volunteer Infantry Regiment, Bierce entered diurnal trauma. Twenty thousand British soldiers had died in the recent Crimean War, only 3,000 directly in combat. In the appalling Battle of Shiloh in April 1862, in which Bierce took part, there were 23,741 casualties. Bierce saw hogs feeding on the corpses of dead soldiers, brains oozing out of shattered skulls.
In a sense he had a "good war". His bravery attracted attention when he rescued a wounded comrade under Confederate fire, and by November 1864 he was made brevet captain. Close to Staff, he saw with disgust the behavior of generals, some silly, others callous.
Before long, he had seen through the bombastic idealism of Uncle Lucius. What had the war really been about? From the careerism of soldiers to the cupidity of public servants, the war and its aftermath helped provide Bierce, the moralist, with the cynical view of human nature found in The Devil's Dictionary.
Eventually he resigned from the army, finding himself jobless in San Francisco, the booming city created by the Gold Rush. He would stay there, mostly, for the next 30 years.
At first he was employed as a watchman in the US Mint, while he laboured on his self-education. He read the whole of Gibbon's Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, and this was crucial to the emergence of "Bitter Bierce". Here he read of a mighty republic fallen into chaos, of virtuous rulers succeeded by vicious tyrants. Already alienated from his parents' chilly piety, he would find in Gibbon an intellectual dimension for his intestinal reactions.
San Francisco was just the place to start as a writer. A population of around 100,000 supported 90 newspapers and journals. Two pioneers of what had been lacking - a distinctively "American" literature - were stars in the city's eccentric, self-made firmament: Bret Harte and Mark Twain. Bierce began to publish articles here and there. In 1868 he joined the staff of the News Letter, and by December he was editing that paper. His predecessor, one Watkins, before he left for New York, kindly introduced Bierce to the writings of Swift and Voltaire. On the same page of Bierce's Dictionary, the Swift-like suggestion that "Lap" is "chiefly useful in rural festivities to support plates of cold chicken and the heads of adult males" is followed by the "Voltairean Lawyer" ... "One skilled in circumvention of the law".
The proprietor of the News Letter, Frederick Marriott, was perfectly happy that Bierce, writing as "Town Crier", should increase his circulation by a wholesale onslaught on the city's clergy. Outraged responses poured in. Bierce denounced crimes by Christians against the industrious Chinese community, and commented on murders and suicides with a Swiftian absence of inhibition.
The rising star found a desirable mate in Mollie Day, daughter of a successful miner. Bierce was already attracting attention in London, still the literary capital of English-speakers. Old man Day was happy to send the young couple to England, and in 1872, Bierce set sail.
In London, Bierce enjoyed the tavern company of a group of writers and journalists, at which WS Gilbert, Sullivan's librettist, sometimes appeared. Bierce found publishers for three collections of prose pieces. But his did not become a household name, and Bierce struggled to support his wife and two infant sons. Still, he loved England, and wasn't pleased when Mollie, who had retreated, homesick, to San Francisco, announced that she was pregnant with a third child, forcing his return.
In January 1881, another San Francisco journal, Wasp, hired him as editor. It was now that he commenced, beginning perversely with P, a series of definitions as particles of what he called The Devil's Dictionary. It was a popular feature, and 88 installments of 15 to 20 words appeared over five years.
The great watershed in Bierce's literary life occurred in 1887, when William Randolph Hearst - who had perceived that the future of the press lay in shameless sensationalism - grabbed Bierce to write a column for his San Francisco Examiner. That the man could be guaranteed to be controversial was enough - Hearst did not mind if Bierce uttered opinions contrary to his own. Furthermore, the Examiner provided Bierce with an outlet for the Civil War stories which would gain him recognition as a major American creative writer.
The short story was still in its adolescence as a literary genre. What Bierce brought to the form was a combination of careful detail with grotesque and extraordinary incidents "beyond belief". He has been seen as a precursor of "magical realism". Yet he regarded himself as harking back to Walter Scott, the great "Romancer". Either way, there had been nothing in English like the Civil War stories, which retain their power to shock even today.
Tales of Soldiers and Civilians, his first book of fiction, appeared in 1891, but Bierce's rush of "serious" creativity coincided with personal calamity. He was outraged to discover a love letter written to Mollie by another man. Next year, their son Day, aged 17, killed himself after shooting a friend over a girl. Bierce was also on hand when his second son Leigh died of pneumonia in New York in 1901.
He wrote bitterly on, however, finally publishing the entire alphabet of The Devil's Dictionary in 1911 as Volume 7 of an ill-advised 12-volume Collected Works. The Dictionary gathered resonance as the century wore on. It anticipated a range of effects, from the misogynist wit of Groucho Marx and New Yorker cartoons to the savage satire of Georg Grosz, Steve Bell and Ralph Steadman, who aptly illustrates this volume.
Collection of works suggests that their author may sense that no more of importance will follow. Bierce may have felt written, talked and drunken out. By the autumn of 1913, he was talking about going to Mexico to witness the revolution in progress there, as if it might be a form of euthanasia. (To fight for Pancho Villa's rebels? To be killed as a bystander by a stray shot?) Whether the letter received by his secretary/ companion Carrie Christianson as from Chihuahua, Mexico, written December 26, was actually posted there cannot be confirmed. It was the last trace of Bierce. What is certain is that none of the US journalists covering Villa's insurgence spotted that doyen of their craft, and that later research into Bierce's disappearance yielded no results whatsoever. There is likewise not a scrap of evidence to support the theory that Bierce actually headed north to the Grand Canyon, found a remote spot, and shot himself. E
These are edited extracts from Bloomsbury's new edition of 'The Devil's Dictionary' (172pp, £9.99), illustrated by Ralph Steadman (see www.ralphsteadman.com <http://www.ralphsteadman.com>). To order a copy, call 0870 8001122.
Abnormal, adj. Not conforming to standard. In matters of thought and conduct, to be independent is to be abnormal, to be abnormal is to be detested.
Aborigines, n. Persons of little worth found cumbering the soil of a newly discovered country. They soon cease to cumber.
Absolute, adj. An absolute monarchy is one in which the sovereign does as he pleases so long as he pleases the assassins. Not many absolute monarchies are left, most replaced by limited monarchies, where the sovereign's power for evil (and good) is curtailed, and by republics, which are governed by chance.
Abstainer, n. A weak person who yields to the temptation of denying himself a pleasure. A total abstainer is one who abstains from everything but abstention, and especially from inactivity in the affairs of others.
Acquaintance, n. A person whom we know well enough to borrow from, but not well enough to lend to. A degree of friendship called slight when its object is poor or obscure, and intimate when he is rich or famous.
Age, n. That period of life in which we compound for the vices that we still cherish by reviling those that we have no longer the enterprise to commit.
Babe or Baby, n. A misshapen creature of no particular age, sex, or condition, chiefly remarkable for the violence of the sympathies and antipathies it excites in others.
Backbite, v.t. To speak of a man as you find him when he can't find you.
Bath, n. A kind of mystic ceremony substituted for religious worship, with what spiritual efficacy has not been determined.
Belladonna, n. In Italian a beautiful lady; in English a deadly poison. A striking example of the essential identity of the two tongues.
Bigamy, n. A mistake in taste for which the wisdom of the future will adjudge a punishment called trigamy.
Bigot, n. One who is obstinately and zealously attached to an opinion that you do not entertain.
Bore, n. A person who talks when you wish him to listen.
Brandy, n. A cordial composed of one part thunder-and-lightning, one part remorse, two parts bloody murder, one part death-hell-and-the-grave and four parts clarified Satan. Dose, a headful all the time.
Bride, n. A woman with a fine prospect of happiness behind her.
Brute, n. See husband.
Calamity, n. A more than commonly plain reminder that the affairs of this life are not of our own ordering. Calamities are of two kinds: misfortune to ourselves, and good fortune to others.
Cannibal, n. A gastronome of the old school who preserves the simple tastes and adheres to the natural diet of the pre-pork period.
Cat, n. A soft, indestructible automaton provided by nature to be kicked when things go wrong in the domestic circle.
Christian, n. One who follows the teachings of Christ in so far as they are not inconsistent with a life of sin.
Cupid, n. The so-called god of love. This bastard creation of a barbarous fancy was no doubt inflicted upon mythology for the sins of its deities. Of all unbeautiful and inappropriate conceptions this is the most reasonless and offensive. The notion of symbolizing sexual love by a semisexless babe - of introducing this pudgy homunculus into art grossly to materialize the subtle spirit and suggestion of the work - this is eminently worthy of the age that, giving it birth, laid it on the doorstep of posterity.
Cynic, n. A blackguard whose faulty vision sees things as they are, not as they ought to be.
http://observer.guardian.co.uk/print/0,,329651458-119093,00.html
When 12 bodies were found buried in the garden of a Mexican house, it seemed like a case of drug-linked killings. But the trail led to Washington and a cover-up that went right to the top. David Rose reports from El Paso
David Rose
Sunday December 3, 2006
Observer
Janet Padilla's first inkling that something might be wrong came when she phoned her husband at lunchtime. His mobile phone was switched off. On 14 January, 2004, Luis had, as usual, left for work at 6am, and when he did not answer the first call Janet made, after taking the children to school, she assumed he was busy. Two weeks later she would learn the truth.
'It was love at first sight for Luis and me, and that's how it stayed, after two years dating at school and eight years of marriage,' says Janet. 'We always spoke a couple of times during the day and he always kept his phone on. So I called my dad, who owns the truckyard where he worked and he told me, "he hasn't been here". I called my in-laws and they hadn't seen him either, and they were already worried because his car was outside their house with the windows open and the keys in the ignition. He would never normally leave it like that.'
Luis Padilla, 29, father of three, had been kidnapped, driven across the Mexican border from El Paso, Texas, to a house in Ciudad Juarez, the lawless city ruled by drug lords that lies across the Rio Grande. As his wife tried frantically to locate him, he was being stripped, tortured and buried in a mass grave in the garden - what the people of Juarez call a narco-fossa, a narco-smugglers' tomb.
Just another casualty of Mexico's drug wars? Perhaps. But Padilla had no connection with the drugs trade; he seems to have been the victim of a case of mistaken identity. Now, as a result of documents disclosed in three separate court cases, it is becoming clear that his murder, along with at least 11 further brutal killings, at the Juarez 'House of Death', is part of a gruesome scandal, a web of connivance and cover-up stretching from the wild Texas borderland to top Washington officials close to President Bush.
These documents, which form a dossier several inches thick, are the main source for the facts in this article. They suggest that while the eyes of the world have been largely averted, America's 'war on drugs' has moved to a new phase of cynicism and amorality, in which the loss of human life has lost all importance - especially if the victims are Hispanic. The US agencies and officials in this saga - all of which refused to comment, citing pending lawsuits - appear to have thought it more important to get information about drugs trafficking than to stop its perpetrators killing people.
The US media have virtually ignored this story. The Observer is the first newspaper to have spoken to Janet Padilla, and this is the first narrative account to appear in print. The story turns on one extraordinary fact: playing a central role in the House of Death was a US government informant, Guillermo Ramirez Peyro, known as Lalo, who was paid more than $220,000 (£110,000) by US law enforcement bodies to work as a spy inside the Juarez cartel. In August 2003 Lalo bought the quicklime used to dissolve the flesh of the first victim, Mexican lawyer Fernando Reyes, and then helped to kill him; he recorded the murder secretly with a bug supplied by his handlers - agents from the Immigration and Customs Executive (Ice), part of the Department of Homeland Security. That first killing threw the Ice staff in El Paso into a panic. Their informant had helped to commit first-degree murder, and they feared they would have to end his contract and abort the operations for which he was being used. But the Department of Justice told them to proceed.
Lalo's cartel bosses told him whenever they were planning another killing, using a grisly codeword - carne asada, 'barbecue'. In the six months after Reyes's death, they used it on many occasions. Each time, says Lalo, he informed his handlers in Ice. They did not intervene.
El Paso, population 700,000, lies in Texas's far west. It is a V-shaped city almost bisected by the Franklin mountains, lashed by desert winds. Houston and Dallas are more than 600 miles away. Much closer, across a guarded fence and the river, here little wider than a stream, is Juarez. On the western side of the Mexican city are the barrios - dirt streets of ramshackle huts without sanitation, built from discarded wood and tyres, whose inhabitants live in sight of the gleaming offices of downtown El Paso.
Eastern Juarez is very different. There, in the campestre, the country club district, lie gated developments patrolled by security guards, armoured palaces of marble, with columns, fountains and huge golden domes. Most of the money comes from drugs. Los narcos control not only Juarez but the wider state of Chihuahua, ruling through corruption and fear. One organisation is paramount - the Juarez cartel led by Vicente Carrillo Fuentes. The US State Department claims he is responsible for shipping cocaine and marijuana worth billions of dollars a year and protects his business by killing. America is offering a $5m reward for his arrest.
His cartel has penetrated Mexican law enforcement at all levels. Like many of its operatives, Lalo began as a policeman - in his case in the Mexican highway police. Having resigned from the force in 1995, he began transporting cocaine by the ton for a gang based in Guadalajara. Professing disgust at his criminal associates, he started working for the US government in February 2000, supplying information not only to Ice (then known as US Customs) but also the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), the Bureau of Alcohol, Firearms and Tobacco, and the FBI. A few months later, with his handlers' encouragement, he was recruited into the Juarez cartel by Il Ingeniero, the Engineer, one of Fuentes's key lieutenants and a man notorious for acts of savage violence. His real name was Heriberto Santillan-Tabares.
'The money I got from the Americans I invested in business,' says Lalo, 36. 'I had a used-car lot, a furniture store and a cellphone accessory place.' He settled with his wife and three children on the US side of the border. 'I spoke to my handlers three or four times a day. But when I went across the bridge to Juarez, I had no back-up. I was on my own.'
Lalo claims to have facilitated numerous drug seizures and arrests. But on 28 June, 2003, his loyalty came under suspicion when he was arrested by the DEA in New Mexico, driving a truck he had brought across the border containing 102lb of marijuana. He had not told his handlers about this shipment and, in accordance with its normal procedures, the DEA 'deactivated' him as a source.
Ice took a different view. Agents in its El Paso office were trying to use Lalo to build a case against Santillan, and to nail a separate cigarette-smuggling investigation. At a meeting with federal prosecutors the week after Lalo's arrest, Ice tried to persuade assistant US attorney Juanita Fielden that, if Lalo were closely monitored, he would continue to be effective. Fielden agreed. She says in an affidavit that she called the New Mexico prosecutor and got him to drop the charges. Lalo was released.
A month later, on 5 August, Santillan asked Lalo to meet him at a cartel safe house at 3633 Calle Parsonieros, in an affluent neighbourhood of Juarez. The Mexican lawyer Reyes would be there too, Santillan said, and with the help of some members of the Juarez judicial police - the local detective force - they were going to kill him.
When Lalo arrived, two cops were already there. He went out to buy the quicklime and duct tape, and when he returned Santillan turned up with Reyes. The policemen jumped on the lawyer, beating him and trying to put duct tape over his mouth. Lalo, wearing his hidden wire supplied by Ice, recorded Reyes's desperate pleas for mercy. 'They [the police] asked me to help them get him to the floor,' reads a statement he made later. 'They tried to choke him with an extension cord, but this broke and I gave them a plastic bag and they put it on his head and suffocated him.' Even then, they were not sure Reyes was dead. One of the officers took a shovel 'and hit him many times on the head'.
When Lalo returned to El Paso on the day of Reyes's murder and told his Ice employers what had happened they were understandably worried. They knew that, if they were to continue using Lalo as an informant, they would need high-level authorisation. That afternoon and evening he was debriefed at length by his main handler, Special Agent Raul Bencomo, and his supervisor. Then he was allowed to go back to Juarez - Santillan had given him $2,000 to pay two cartel members to dig Reyes's grave, cover his body with quicklime and bury it.
Meanwhile the El Paso Ice office reported the matter to headquarters in Washington. The information went up the chain of command, eventually reaching America's Deputy Assistant Attorney General, John G. Malcolm. It passed through the office of Johnny Sutton, the US Attorney for Western Texas - a close associate of George W. Bush. When Bush was Texas governor, Sutton spent five years as his director of criminal justice policy. After Bush became President, Sutton became legal policy co-ordinator in the White House transition team, working with another Bush Texas colleague, Alberto Gonzalez, the present US Attorney General.
Earlier this year Sutton was appointed chairman of the Attorney General's advisory committee which, says the official website, 'plays a significant role in determining policies and programmes of the department and in carrying out the national goals set by the President and the Attorney General'. Sutton's position as US Attorney for Western Texas is further evidence of his long friendship with the President - falling into his jurisdiction is Midland, the town where Bush grew up, and Crawford, the site of Bush's beloved ranch.
'Sutton could and should have shut down the case, there and then,' says Bill Weaver, a law professor at the University of Texas at El Paso who has made a detailed study of the affair. 'He could have told Ice and the lawyers "go with what you have, and let's try to bring Santillan to justice". That neither he nor anyone else decided to take that action invites an obvious inference: that because the only people likely to get killed were Mexicans, they thought it didn't much matter.'
In the days after Reyes's death, officials in Texas and Washington held a series of meetings. Finally word came back from headquarters - despite the risk that Lalo might become involved with further murders, Ice could continue to use and pay him as an informant. And although Santillan had already been caught on tape directing a merciless killing and might well kill again, no attempt would be made to arrest him.
Lalo's statement, made in Dallas in February 2004, is a record of cruelty and violence, the words of a man who thought himself untouchable because of his relationship with Ice. In the months after Washington decided not to move on Santillan, the garden of the house at 3633 Calle Parsonieros began to fill with bodies. One day in September 2003, 'Santillan called to ask me to bury a guy who had apparently died of a heart attack at the moment he was kidnapped', Lalo's statement says. 'Another execution I remember was on 23 November... Santillan ordered me to have these drug mules meet him in the little Parsonieros house ... Loya [a corrupt police commander] put tape around their heads, but they could still breathe and one of them began to moan loudly, so Loya shot him in the head... but he didn't die immediately.' They were killed because they were careless in their smuggling work.
Then, and on other occasions, Santillan told Lalo in advance he was going to hold a carne asada. The deposition gives details of 13 murders, all but one of whose victims were later found buried at Number 3633. Each time Lalo crossed into Mexico his Ice handlers sought and obtained formal clearance from headquarters to allow their source to travel to a foreign country while working for a US agency. Throughout the period, Lalo says, he continued to talk to his handler Bencomo up to four times a day - usually in person, at the Ice El Paso office. He says his meetings with Santillan were all covertly recorded, while documents show that Ice had arranged for Lalo's phone to be bugged.
Curtis Compton, Bencomo's Ice supervisor, insisted in an affidavit that it did not know of any murders before they occurred: 'We only learned about the murders through interviews of Lalo after the fact. I acted in good faith that all my actions were legal and proper.'
Lalo's last country clearance was issued on 13 January, 2004. Once again Santillan had called him, asking him to come to Juarez to unlock the Parsonieros house for a carne asada. Next morning Luis Padilla disappeared.
Although the Padillas had attended Socorro high school in El Paso and lived in the US from childhood, both remained Mexican citizens, resident aliens with green-card work permits. Their children, Luis jnr, Jacqueline and Jasmine, were born in the US. Luis snr was two years ahead of Janet at school and they did not speak to each other until they attended a mutual friend's quinceria, a 15th birthday party.
Janet smiles at the memory: 'I liked everything about Luis straight away. He was silly, funny, a popular guy; he played a lot of sports. He was very religious and I started going to the same church, where he was president of the youth section.' For their first date he took her to a Mexican restaurant, and then a children's park: 'We just sat there on the swings, talking as if we'd known each other for years.' In 1996, when Janet was 16, they got married. They spent their wedding night in Juarez.
By 4pm on 14 January, Janet was on the point of phoning El Paso police when she received a call from a friend in Juarez. 'She told me, "I've just seen Luis over here. He was with some cops - they were putting him in a truck". I couldn't figure it out. He shouldn't have been in Mexico at all. At 8 o'clock I couldn't stand it any longer and I went over there myself. I went to all the different police stations. Nobody had him. Nobody knew where he was.'
Since they married Janet and Luis had only ever spent a night apart - when Luis junior was born; they had been living in Dallas, but she wanted to give birth in El Paso, in order to be near her family. In the fortnight after his disappearance, Janet and the children stayed with relatives. 'I couldn't go home. I couldn't be on my own. When he was lost, not knowing what had happened drove me crazy. When at last I heard something, at first I felt relief. A lot of people disappear in Juarez and you never know what happened to them.'
On 26 January, Janet got a call. Juarez police told her they had found some bodies. She was to meet them at the city mortuary. First, she was shown some photographs, but none was of Luis, 'I had to do it in person. I went in there and they had four bodies at that time. There were still ropes around their heads and their eyes were sticking out because they had been suffocated. It was horrible, horrible. One of them had a tattoo, one had silver teeth, another was too fat.'
Janet still did not believe this could have anything to do with Luis. 'He never took drugs and he never drank, beyond the odd beer. He never got into fights. He was still really into the church and he'd just been asked to coach middle-school sports. How could he be narco-fossa?' The police phoned again. This time they asked her to meet them at 3633 Calle Parsonieros. The place looked familiar. 'The hotel where we spent our honeymoon night backed on to the garden.
'I saw his shoes and his jacket. I went into the garden and they were probing the ground with a pole. That's when they found his body.' The police exhumed him, 'but it was hard to ID him because he was so decomposed. I looked at his hands and touched them. The flesh fell off.'
Two other men had been murdered on 14 January, both of them from Juarez. The next day Santillan told Lalo he had been asked to kill them as a favour for some associates of Vicente Carrillo Fuentes - Santillan had nothing against them personally. In such circumstances, murderers can make mistakes.
While Santillan and Lalo went on killing, Bencomo, his Ice colleagues and Assistant US Attorney Fielden were assembling their case. In December 2003 Fielden drew up a sealed indictment against Santillan. But although there was already some evidence of his involvement in killings, the indictment was only for trafficking, not murder. Before they could lure him to America and arrest him, they needed permission from the DoJ. They got it on 15 January, a day after Luis Padilla died.
But this did not bring the House of Death killings to an end. Under torture, one of Santillan's victims had revealed the address of Homer Glen McBrayer - a DEA special agent resident in Juarez who operated under diplomatic cover. At 6pm on 14 January, two men rang his doorbell continuously for 10 minutes. Afraid, his wife phoned him at work. McBrayer rushed home and ushered his wife and daughters into their car. As soon as they left the estate where they lived, they were stopped by a Mexican police car. Two civilian vehicles hemmed McBrayer's car in. Their occupants got out and waited while McBrayer talked to the cops. They were Santillan's men.
Having showed his diplomatic passport, McBrayer phoned a DEA colleague, who arrived within minutes. Unwilling, perhaps, to abduct two US agents, a woman and two children on a busy street, the cartel men backed off. As the standoff unfolded, Santillan twice called Lalo. He asked him to find out what he could about an American called Homer Glen - the corrupt police had not given McBrayer's surname. Santillan, claimed Lalo, said he thought he worked for the tres letras - code for the DEA - and intended to blow up his house.
The McBrayers were lucky to be alive, and the DEA, kept in the dark about the continued use of Lalo after the first murder six months earlier, reacted with fury. Even as Ice debriefed Lalo, it refused the DEA access to him and to recordings of the events of 14 January. Every principle governing informant handling and inter-agency co-operation appeared to have been flouted, and the Mexican government was not told of the carnage taking place on - and under - its soil.
Ice got Lalo to arrange a meeting with Santillan in El Paso and on 15 January Il Ingeniero was arrested. Two days later, Ice finally told the Mexicans that the garden at 3633 Calle Parsonieros was a mass grave. After bureaucratic delays, digging began on 23 January. On 18 February, Johnny Sutton filed a new indictment against Santillan, charging him with trafficking and five murders - including those of Reyes and Padilla.
The House Of Death suddenly seemed set to become a major national scandal. Bill Conroy, a reporter who works for an investigative website, Narconews.com, was about to publish an article about it. On 24 February, Sandy Gonzalez, the Special Agent in Charge of the DEA office in El Paso, one of the most senior and highly decorated Hispanic law enforcement officers in America, wrote to his Ice counterpart, John Gaudioso.
'I am writing to express to you my frustration and outrage at the mishandling of investigation that has resulted in unnecessary loss of human life,' he began, 'and endangered the lives of special agents of the DEA and their immediate families. There is no excuse for the events that culminated during the evening of 14 January... and I have no choice but to hold you responsible.' Ice, Gonzalez wrote, had gone to 'extreme lengths' to protect an informant who was, in reality, a 'homicidal maniac... this situation is so bizarre that, even as I'm writing to you, it is difficult for me to believe it'.
But Ice and its allies in the DoJ were covering up their actions, helped by the US media - aside from the Dallas Morning News, not one major newspaper or TV network has covered the story. The first signs came in the response to Gonzalez's letter to Gaudioso - not from Ice, but from Johnny Sutton.
He reacted not to the discovery of corpses at Calle Parsonieros, but with concern Gonzalez might talk to the media. He communicated his fears to a senior official in Washington - Catherine O'Neil, director of the DoJ's Organised Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force. Describing Gonzalez's letter as 'inflammatory,' she passed on Sutton's fears to the then Attorney General, John Ashcroft, and to Karen Tandy, the head of the DEA, another Texan lawyer.
Tandy was horrified by Gonzalez's letter. 'I apologised to Johnny Sutton last night and he and I agreed on a "no comment" to the press,' she replied on 5 March. Gonzalez would have no further involvement with the House of Death case and was ordered to report to Washington for 'performance discussions to further address this officially'.
Gonzalez was told that Sutton was 'extremely upset'. Gonzalez, who had enjoyed glittering appraisals throughout his 30-year career, was told he would be downgraded. On 4 May, DEA managers in Washington sent him a letter. It said that, if he quietly retired before 30 June, he would be given a 'positive' reference for future employers. If he refused, a reference would dwell on his 'lapse'. Gonzalez resigned, and launched a lawsuit - part of which is due to come to court tomorrow.
'I've been written off,' he says. 'They dismiss my complaints, saying I'm just a disgruntled employee. But once they knew about the carne asadas, they were legally and morally obligated to do something. They already had a solid case against Santillan for drugs and murder. What the fuck else did they need? As for the DEA, they held my feet to the fire and joined the cover-up.' He had been neutralised, but there remained the danger that details of Ice's relationship with Lalo would surface at Santillan's trial.
Janet Padilla had also been dealt with. Ice has no legal responsibility for investigating murder, but after her husband's funeral Lalo's former handler, Bencomo, came calling. 'He told me that he was going to help me find my husband's killers and bring them to justice,' Janet says. 'He said to tell him anything I knew, because he would be in charge of the case. I saw him three or four times, and later I also met Juanita Fielden.' It did not occur to Janet that she ought to contact the police or other agencies.
For Janet, Santillan's indictment for murder was a moment of hope: 'I thought I was going to get justice for Luis.' But on 19 April Sutton announced a deal with Santillan - in return for his pleading guilty to trafficking and acceptance of a 25-year sentence the murder charges were dropped. 'All of the murders were committed in Juarez, by Mexican citizens, and all of the victims were citizens of Mexico,' Sutton said.
No one had any further use for Lalo. In August 2004 someone tried to shoot him at an El Paso restaurant - instead killing an innocent bystander. After that, he was taken into protective custody. And then, on 9 May 2005, Ice, the agency that had cherished him, decided that his US visa was irregular and began legal proceedings to deport him to Mexico - without doubt a death sentence. He is now in a maximum-security jail in the Midwest, fighting his former employers through the courts. In October The Observer won clearance to visit him with his lawyer, Jodi Goodwin. On the eve of the interview he was abruptly moved to a different facility where officials said a visit was impossible. Goodwin passed on a message: 'I'm not mad, I'm sad and disillusioned. Every time I did a job and brought them information, I was congratulated. Now they want to deliver me to my death.'
'If Congress and the media start to look at this properly, they will be horrified,' Sandy Gonzalez says. 'It needs a special prosecutor, as with the case of Valerie Plame [the CIA agent whose name was leaked to the media when her diplomat husband criticised Bush over Iraq's missing weapons of mass destruction]. But Valerie is a nice-looking white person and the victims here are brown. Nobody gives a shit.'
For the three children who lost their father, and their mother, now struggling to make ends meet, it is difficult to cope. 'It's worst at night, when I put them to bed,' Janet Padilla says. 'I guess that's when it hits them. I tell them, "come on you guys, we got to make a prayer. Don't worry. Your daddy's watching you." But you know, it's very hard to make it as a dad as well as a mom.'
Who's who
· Sandy Gonzalez Special Agent in charge of the DEA in El Paso who was forced to resign after complaining about the official handling of the House of Death case
· Vicente Carrillo Fuentes Believed to lead the Juarez drug cartel. The US has a $5m bounty on his head.
· Heriberto Santillan-Tabares Known as 'the Engineer', he is a key henchman of the Juarez gang and the man who arranged the killings at the House of Death.
· Guillermo Ramirez Peyro Known as Lalo, he is a US government informant who worked as a henchman inside the Juarez drug cartel. Now in a maximum-security US jail.
· Fernando Reyes A Mexican lawyer, murdered at the House of Death. His killing was tape-recorded by Lalo
.· Johnny Sutton US Attorney for Western Texas and ex-adviser to Bush. Approved indictments against Santillan.
· Raul Bencomo The Ice Special Agent who was Lalo's main handler.
Three types of UV rays exist:
#UVA (320-400 nanometers, or one-billionth of an inch): Causes premature skin aging, wrinkling and potentially skin cancer. Penetrates skin more deeply than UVB rays. Can impact skin during any hour of daylight. Can penetrate clouds and untreated glass.
#UVB (290-320 nm): Causes sunburn; also contributes to premature skin aging and potentially to skin cancer. Causes most impact between 10am and 4pm. Can penetrate clouds, but not glass.
#UVC (200-290 nm): Deadly to humans. Fortunately, it is absorbed by atmospheric gases before it reaches the earth's surface.
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xcessive UV radiation weakens the body's immune system in addition to causing cancer.
!Sun protection
(See also [[UPF|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_protective_clothing#UPF_rating]])
!Ultraviolight healing
#UVC (200–280 nm) is highly antimicrobial and can be directly applied to acute wound infections to kill pathogens without unacceptable damage to host tissue. UVC is already widely applied for sterilization of inanimate objects.
#UVB (280–315 nm) has been directly applied to the wounded tissue to stimulate wound healing, and has been widely used as extracorporeal UV radiation of blood to stimulate the immune system. #
#UVA (315–400 nm) has distinct effects on cell signaling, but has not yet been widely applied to wound care.
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3797459/
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Women in Love by D H Lawrence reviewed in the Guardian, July 15 1921
Tuesday August 13, 2002
The Guardian
Women in Love by D. H. Lawrence
London: Martin Secker. Pp. 508. 9s. net.
The principal defect of this book is that it is difficult to read. It is full of absurdities; but Mr. Lawrence, although he may occasionally repel by egotism, has at least the courage which leads him to risk absurdity for the sake of what he holds to be the truth. The difficulty is another matter. It arises from the static quality of the book, the lack of momentum. It arises also from the intrinsic similarity of all the characters. All are torturers and self-torturers, absorbed in the foulnesses of hatred and disgust. It takes one, therefore, a considerable time to disentangle them. Perhaps one hardly ever does so. And yet at its best "Women in Love" is in a class apart from other novels. No writer of to-day has such an electrically vivid power to imagine a scene as Mr. Lawrence. He may horrify us, and he does this; but our horror is a sign of his weakness, as well as of our own. If we are squeamish, he is obsessed. He is obsessed by the passion of gloating, malignant cruelty. All the people in "Women in Love" have a Sadistic love of cruelty, have thick, ugly darknesses of soul. Mr. Lawrence exaggerates this trait until it overpowers all others. In all his characters he overstresses the disease until they become, not humans, but pagan and terrible creatures whose lives are incessant sensual tortures. And as Mr. Lawrence is obsessed, so is his language goaded and extravagant. The dictionary does not contain adjectives enough for him, and he falls back upon "obscene" for all purposes. He returns again and again to the emotion of hatred, until the hatred his characters feel moves us no more than does the indifference of our neighbours. With every strong word to describe strong feeling, he produces a loss of value in the word and the emotion, and in spite of the many virtues of his book he succeeds in travestying himself and in boring us a good deal.
And yet what beauties the book contains! There are many pages in it so saturated with warm and lovely intimacies that one reads absorbed. Such are the magnificent, chapter "Water Party" and the delicate "Mino." Here love is made truly manifest. Compare these chapters with that called "Creme de Menthe." In this picture of an avid girl there is physical actuality, so that one vividly apprehends the scene and the relation of those who participate in it; but in "Water Party" there is an imagining far superior, and a beauty of such rare and sustained quality that it deserves very high commendation indeed. When Mr. Lawrence is really moved by his vision adjectives are no longer doubled in order to produce an air of strength. The words obey the imagination. Here we are at the heart of the book, which is in essence a study of the love-hatred complex of Mr. Lawrence's obsession as it affects two men and three women. If much of the redundant emphasis of the minor and almost caricatured portions of the book could be eliminated, how extraordinarily noble and beautiful would the remainder seem! Even now, tortured and obscured and overlaid by much that is imperfect, the best of "Women in Love" stands by itself in modern fiction. Mr. Lawrence has this in advance of his contemporaries: that while so many of them improvise he can imagine. It is a great gift, and one to be jealously and finely used. That the proof of it should have to be sought with difficulty in work which often unnecessarily offends and appears tedious or ridiculous shows merely that Mr. Lawrence has not mastered his craft. When he will slough his metaphysics and his verbiage, and confine himself to the sheer imagined facts and beauties in dealing with which he is consummately at ease, he will find the truth at his command and he will produce a masterpiece. F.S.
Anthony Pollard, on the 550th anniversary of the battle of St Albans, describes what happened, and asks whether the battle should rightly be seen as the launch of the Wars of the Roses.
On the morning of May 22nd, 1455, three of the greatest lords in England at the head of a formidable force of armed retainers attacked the King’s household in the streets of St Albans. They hacked two rival peers to death in front of the King in Holywell Street and they took the King himself, slightly wounded in the neck during the attack, into protective custody. The first battle of St Albans, widely regarded as the first battle of the Wars of the Roses, was, in modern parlance, nothing short of a military coup.
The battle came as the climax to an extended political crisis which stretched back five years to the fall of the Duke of Suffolk and the loss of Normandy in 1450. Since that summer the Dukes of York and Somerset had competed for pre-eminence at court under the ineffective rule of Henry VI. The more immediate trigger for the events leading to the battle was Henry VI’s recovery from a period of mental incapacity at the end of 1454. For eighteen months from July 1453, the King had languished in a coma from which he could not be roused. After a prolonged delay of several months, during which everyone had hoped the King would recover, the government of the realm had been vested in a protectorate. The protector, Richard, Duke of York, was the King’s closest male, adult, blood relation. York, however, was a man with a grievance, since he had been excluded from office since 1450. The Duke, who had secured his position as protector with the support of the Nevilles, had used his fortuitous opportunity for partisan ends. He had tried, and failed, to condemn his principal rival, Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Somerset as a traitor. Thus when the King finally recovered just before Christmas 1454, it was not long before York was removed from office as protector and Somerset was released from prison to be reinstated at court. Thereafter the two dukes were set on a collision course.
The political situation in the spring of 1455 was complicated by the legacy of York’s protectorate. His alliance with the powerful Neville family, headed by the father and son Richard, Earl of Salisbury and Richard, Earl of Warwick, led him to give his backing to the earls in the their quarrel with the Percys in Yorkshire. To complicate matters further, Henry Holand, Duke of Exeter, who believed that he should have been created protector, allied himself with the Percys. And this in its turn strengthened the alliance which had already been forged between the Nevilles and Exeter’s enemy, Ralph Lord Cromwell. Furthermore, in the south-west, York had also backed the Earl of Devon in his quarrel with Lord Bonville. The English political nation in 1455 was deeply divided and fractious; its divisions and animosities made worse by the partisan actions of Duke Richard in 1454.
The main reason for the bickering between the lords was the inability of Henry VI to impose his authority on them. Even when sane, Henry VI had been ineffective. After his recovery at the end of 1454 his interventions appear to have been even more fitful and inconsequential. Henry VI’s grip, or lack of grip, on politics has been as big a problem for his historians as it was for his subjects. Because all actions were taken in the King’s name it is exceedingly difficult to determine where Henry’s initiatives began or ended. Some have argued that he was prepared to express his wishes in certain matters, especially those concerning peace at home and abroad; others have argued forcefully that he was a complete nullity leaving everything to those around him. This problem of the vacuum at the centre of power affects our understanding of the events immediately leading to the battle.
Certain moments are clear. Early in March 1455, during and following a council meeting held at Greenwich, Somerset was cleared of all charges of treason, the two dukes entered into bonds to keep the peace towards each other until an arbitration was made between them, and the Earl of Salisbury and Lord Cromwell stepped down as chancellor of England and as chamberlain of the King’s household respectively. A month or so later, in mid-April, a further great council was summoned to meet at Leicester on May 21st. At this time, if not earlier, York and the Nevilles withdrew from court. Most historians have seen this process as a result of Somerset and his allies regaining unfettered influence at court and full control over the determination of policy and to have supposed that the Duke was preparing to deal with the Yorkists, as the Yorkists subsequently claimed, once and for all. The Leicester council was to arraign and condemn them. An alternative view is that Somerset was not in full control, the majority of the lords in attendance at court were seeking to find a compromise, the King himself perhaps even taking the initiative. The Leicester council was to be the occasion upon which reconciliation was to be achieved. It may well be, with the King’s active involvement or not, that the intention of the court was to try to find a reconciliation between all the rival parties. However, it is clear that York and his allies either did not believe that that was the intent, or had already decided that they would seize power by force come what may. Theirs was a pre-emptive strike to recover the control of the kingdom they had recently lost.
The Yorkist lords themselves quickly revealed that they had no intention of coming to Leicester. As soon as the council was summoned they began to call up their retainers and to prepare for armed confrontation. A significant contingent of borderers was raised by Sir Robert Ogle, one of Salisbury’s men. They mobilized rapidly, and apparently without the court being aware of their intentions, until it was too late. For when the royal household set out from London, a day or two late, it travelled with no more than the customary light escort. It may be that it had warning of the approaching Yorkist forces when it reached Watford, for it was decided then that the more neutral Duke of Buckingham rather than Somerset should take command. Nevertheless the entourage carried on to St Albans on the following morning. It arrived at 7 am to find the road running north out of the town from St Peter’s Street blocked by York’s men. There they stopped, strung out down the main street, in the market place and back into Holywell Street, where the King and the lords in attendance, towards the rear of the cavalcade, waited. Lord Clifford, with the advance guard, rapidly put up what defences they could across St Peter’s Street. In the meantime, as all waited, the Duke of Buckingham went forward and negotiated for three hours with York. York’s demands, the removal of Somerset and others from the King’s presence were unacceptable. Probably before all attempts by Buckingham to find a peaceful solution were exhausted, the Nevilles launched the attack. They had moved their men round to the west of the unfortified town. Sir Robert Ogle broke through to the market place and the Earl of Warwick, further to the south, came through the gardens and houses onto Holywell Street. Shortly afterwards an assault was launched on Clifford’s men in St Peter’s street. Clifford was probably killed defending the barricades; Warwick’s men surrounded the royal party and cut down and killed the Duke of Somerset and the Earl of Northumberland. The King withdrew into the abbey. There the lords presented themselves to Henry, took him into their protective custody and ordered an end to the fighting (probably in St Peter’s Street).
An account favourable to the Yorkists reported that after the battle was over the Duke and the two earls declared themselves to be his true liegemen who had rid the kingdom of traitors. On the next day, the King was escorted back to London by his rediscovered loyal subjects. To stress the loyalty of the Duke and his allies a crown-wearing ceremony, ritually renewing Henry’s monarchy, was staged at St Paul’s on Whit Sunday, May 25th. Offices were immediately redistributed so that the lords had their hands once more firmly on the levers of power. In the long run the most significant was the appointment of Warwick as captain of Calais. Parliament was summoned to assemble on July 9th. The parliament itself had as its declared objective the restoration of perfect love and rest among the lords, and the politic and restful rule of the land, but its principal acts were to exonerate the victors and lay the blame for the battle firmly upon the shoulders of the dead and a quartet of the King’s household men whom they particularly distrusted. There was a show of unity in the face of force majeur and an attempt to introduce reforms, especially to curb government expenditure later in the year, but this barely disguised the reality of a government that had come to power by force and force alone.
The violent seizure of power changed little except for the worse. York was no more able afterwards to secure his claimed right to be the King’s principal minister than he had been before. Even the establishment of a second protectorate in the autumn of 1455 could not halt the steady erosion of his position. In one respect York did not go far enough. His reluctance to purge the royal household and install his own men, a step not taken by the Yorkists until 1459, meant that others close to the King, especially the Queen who emerged as the alternative focus of power at court, could undermine his position. By the autumn of 1456 he and the Nevilles were once more out in the cold. If St Albans solved little in the short term, it had, however, further polarised political positions and radically raised the political temperature. Before May 22nd, 1455, the rivalries between competing aristocrats, which Henry VI had been incapable of handling, had been kept within certain limits. They had not as yet led to the shedding of aristocratic blood; full scale confrontation had been held off. St Albans, however, changed things utterly. Somerset, Northumberland and Clifford had all been cut down and killed. All three had been dishonourably branded traitors. A blood feud was created. Moreover, the process, begun in the first protectorate, whereby the separate rivals had begun to coalesce into two rival alliances, was now consolidated into the deadly enmity between two clearly delineated factions.
It may be that such an escalation in violence was inevitable. After all, York had twice before endeavoured to negotiate his way into office; in 1450 and again in 1452 when, with a similar armed backing, he had been prepared to step back from the brink. In 1455, perhaps, experience had taught him not to compromise. One cannot help supposing, however, that a key element in the equation was the first emergence of the twenty-nine year-old Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick as a central figure in national politics. It was perhaps he who introduced an edge of steel into the mind of the hesitant and indecisive York. He had inherited the Beauchamp estates and the title in the name of his wife six years earlier, but for most of the time had been preoccupied with making good his claim. Eliminating his enemies on the field of battle, or immediately afterwards, became his hallmark. Somerset and Northumberland, the principal enemies of York and his family, were perhaps his first victims in the dust of Holywell Street. Warwick may well have introduced a new ruthlessness into the political conflict with which neither his father nor uncle were comfortable. Both Salisbury and York, it must be recalled, were by upbringing Lancastrians; their political careers forged in the service of the dynasty. Salisbury in particular was a strange rebel. His whole life had been shaped by his Beaufort connections. Born in 1400, his mother had been Henry IV’s half sibling, his patron his uncle, Henry, cardinal bishop of Winchester. His decision to throw in his lot with York in 1454 rather than his Beaufort cousin of Somerset was one of the more surprising twists in the confused politics of the last Lancastrian decade. By 1458 he was yesterday’s man, supplanted by his son as the leader of his family’s interest, by then clearly the dynamic element in the Yorkist camp.
There is no doubt that the military coup at St Albans made a significant impact on contemporaries. No fewer than five accounts of the action, produced almost immediately, have survived. It is in many ways the best documented of all the actions that took place in the civil wars of the second half of the fifteenth century. Some of these accounts represent the Yorkist’s own justification for their actions. They were clearly aware that they had taken a step further beyond what had hitherto been accepted as justifiable action. Yet it is by no means certain that the battle, for all its implications, marked the beginning of the Wars of the Roses. The four years following St Albans are four of the most confusing and poorly recorded years in the political history of late-medieval England. As recent historians have been at pains to point out, the political class did all it could to avoid a descent in civil war. Whether or not it had been the intention in 1455 to affect a reconciliation between the parties, in 1458 one was attempted and for a short while achieved. In this we run up against the difficulty of interpreting the role played by Margaret of Anjou.
There can be little doubt that the Queen emerged as the leading figure and focal point of the court party in 1456. The heirs of the victims of St Albans gravitated towards her. They and their allies were soon promoted into the principal offices of state and by the autumn of 1458 were firmly in control of the government. But the end purpose of Queen Margaret’s policy is difficult to discern. Once it was easier. Margaret, the she-wolf of France, fearing the disinheritance of her son, created a new court party, gained control of the government and set out to destroy York and his allies. This view, enshrined in chronicle accounts written after 1461, is in essence the Yorkist propaganda, being deployed from 1459 at the latest. As propaganda it was especially effective because it made much of the unnaturalness of female rule, the usurpation by a woman of the role that the King should play. Queen Margaret, it has recently been argued, was all too conscious of the difficulty of her position as a woman endeavouring to exercise political authority in a male dominated political culture and endeavoured to present herself as playing the traditional queenly role of intercessor and peace maker. And it is indeed quite possible that it was she who endeavoured to make the peace between the Yorkists and their enemies in 1458. If so the attempt failed. Only from the autumn of 1458 did she become, perhaps reluctantly, a determined enemy of York. Queen Margaret’s emergence as a political figure in 1456 should not, therefore, necessarily be interpreted as the next step towards inevitable civil war.
There is much to be said for viewing the first battle of St Albans separately from the Wars of the Roses. Much depends on what is signified by the phrase ‘Wars of the Roses’. Civil conflict, rebellions against the King, the use of force to remove rivals from royal favour were not unfamiliar in medieval politics. Rebellions against the crown had been launched in 1415, from 1403 to 1408, in 1399, and in 1387 with varying degrees of success. The closest comparison with St Albans is perhaps Radford Bridge in 1387, when dissident peers had defeated and killed Richard II’s favourite, Robert de Vere, Earl of Oxford. Then, as in 1455, the rebels claimed to be acting for the King’s greater good in ridding him of an evil minister. Then, as in 1455, they believed that the one act would suffice in restoring them to influence and power. Then, as in 1455, the rebels did not challenge the King’s right to the throne. In 1455 the Yorkists, no more than the Appellants in 1387, did not anticipate the possibility that the King might be deposed thereafter. What distinguishes the Wars of the Roses collectively from other civil wars, rebellions, uprisings and plots in the later Middle Ages is that they were dynastic. And dynastic civil war did not begin until York laid claim to the throne in 1460. It may well be that knowledge of York’s potential claim, of which both sides were fully aware, played a hidden role in sharpening antagonisms, fears and hopes before it was made an explicit issue, but the Wars of the Roses were only the Wars of the Roses when the issue resolved itself into a conflict between two rival dynasties, the houses of Lancaster and York, competing for the throne.
This is not to argue that the Wars of the Roses were only dynastic. Other issues became entangled in the fighting between 1459 and 1461, in the campaigns in the north thereafter until 1464, in the rebellions of the Earl of Warwick in 1469-70 and the final violent overthrow of the house of Lancaster in 1471. Popular engagement widened the wars from being a continuation of politics by other means within the ruling elites. The Earl of Warwick may well have been responsible for this dangerous extension, for he deliberately set out to make himself popular in the modern sense of the word. His piracy in the channel in the late 1450s, when he was captain of Calais but starved of funds, was astutely presented as English victories. In 1459, 1460, 1469 and 1470 he cynically fanned and harnessed popular unrest in Yorkshire and Kent for his political ends. At the height of his power in the mid-1460s he maintained open house for all who might wish to partake of his generosity.
His overthrow in 1471 on the field of Barnet may have been welcomed by the majority of the political nation who might well have feared to what end his calling up of the many headed monster would lead. Politics, it might be said, reverted back to normal after 1471.
One of the profound paradoxes of the period is that despite the continued instability at the centre of affairs, which recurred in, and continued well beyond, 1483, the kingdom as a whole was most of the time largely untroubled by the horrors of war. Indeed the kingdom, and significant numbers of ‘ordinary people’ enjoyed increasing prosperity after 1470. And yet it suited successive regimes to paint the years preceding their accession to power as periods of unmitigated disaster and anarchy. Edward IV began the trend in 1461, harking back to the supposed consequences of the Lancastrian usurpation of the throne. Richard III improved on it by blaming his brother’s lasciviousness. Henry VII finessed them both. But in all this propaganda it was the question of dynastic legitimacy which was at the heart of the matter. Only, when the white rose was united to the red, the Tudor construction of the past insisted, could the kingdom which had torn itself apart for almost a hundred years be reunited.
This was nonsense. Yet there had been something significantly different about a series of civil wars that were dynastic in their nature and the threat that they briefly posed to the order and stability of the kingdom. The question remains, however, as to whether the first battle of St Albans was part of these same wars. In hindsight it can be, and is conventionally, seen as a stage on the high road to the Wars of the Roses. It ‘upped the ante’ in several ways, not least in being fought in the King’s presence, and with evident risk to his life. But it was not the beginning of the wars themselves. All sides tried to draw back from the brink in the next three years.
The attempt to find a peaceful settlement of aristocratic differences in 1458 should warn us against assuming that what happened on May 22nd, 1455 was the beginning. Five hundred and fifty years later it might be more circumspect to interpret the military coup executed on the streets of St Albans as but one of the events in the preliminaries to the outbreak of the Wars of the Roses that began four years later and was ultimately to consume both the rival dynasties.
Further Reading
C. A. J. Armstrong, ‘Politics and the Battle of St Albans, 1455’, Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, 33 (1960); A. E. Goodman, The Wars of the Roses (Routledge, 1981); Ralph A. Griffiths, The Reign of King Henry VI (Benn, 1981); Michael Hicks, Warwick the Kingmaker (Blackwell, 1998); P. A. Johnson, Duke Richard of York (Oxford, 1988); Joanna Laynesmith, The Last Medieval Queens (Oxford, 2004); Helen E. Maurer, Margaret of Anjou (Boydell and Brewer, 2003); A.J. Pollard, The Wars of the Roses (Palgrave Macmillan, 2nd edn, 2001); John Watts, Henry VI and the Politics of Kingship (Cambridge, 1996).
From the History Today Archive:
Colin Richmond, ‘Propaganda in the Wars of the Roses’ (July 1992); A.J. Pollard, ‘Percies, Nevilles and the Wars of the Roses’ (September 1993); David Starkey, ‘From Feud to Faction: English Politics 1450-1550’ (November 1982); Anthony Gross, ‘Lancastrians Abroad, 1461-1471’ (August 1992); Jeffrey Richards, ‘The Riddle of Richard III’ (August 1983); Dorothy Styles and C.T. Allmand, ‘The Coronations of Henry VI’ (May 1982).
A.J. Pollard is Professor of History at the University of Teesside. He is the author of Late Medieval England (Longman, 2000).
Abortion: The facts <http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/politics/story.jsp?story=620582>
One medical question lies at the heart of the debate over the abortion time limit - when does a foetus become a sentient being?
16 March 2005
The publication of a book of extraordinary photographs of babies in the womb, using a 3D scanning technique, dramatically reopened the issue.
The book, Watch Me Grow, by Professor Stuart Campbell, former head of obstetrics at the King's College Hospital, London, captured pictures of babies at 12 weeks "jumping off the sides of the womb like a trampoline," opening their eyes at 18 weeks and apparently smiling at 22 weeks.
Medical and lay opinion has since grown in favour of a reduction in the time limit for abortion. But pro-choice organisations such as the British Pregnancy Advisory Service (BPAS) and the Family Planning Association warn that will close the options for the most vulnerable women, often teenagers unaware they were pregnant or mothers who discover too late their foetus has an abnormality.
Ann Furedi, the chief executive of BPAS, said: "We think the law is best left alone. It works reasonably well. You can focus on abortion as a political issue and forget about the very difficult circumstances women find themselves in. The real scandal, is women cannot get late abortions because there are not enough appointments available."
Professor Campbell insisted he was "pro-women and pro-choice" but said he was in favour of reducing the time limit from 24 to 20 weeks.
"You have got to be human to the woman but you have got to be human to the foetus, too. I don't think we could have a big change but we are at a point where we can detect abnormalities sooner than we used to. It doesn't seem unrealistic to think we could bring back the limit."
Officially, medical organisations such as the British Medical Association and the Royal College of Obstetricians take no view on whether the 24-week limit should be reduced, leaving it to Parliament to decide. A spokeswoman for the BMA said: "There are no problems with the act - it is a practical and humane piece of legislation. We are not pressing for a reduction in the time limit."
But privately, doctors and nurses, like their women patients, dislike late abortions and many decline to do them.
Peter Bowen Simpkins, a consultant obstetrician at Singleton Hospital, Swansea, said: "Most NHS hospitals stop at 18 weeks. The nurses - and the doctors - don't want to look after patients beyond that limit. I can't speak for every hospital but late abortion is not a very pleasant affair. They are mostly done in the private sector. Many doctors and nurses don't do abortions at all."
Abortion was legalised in the 1960s to end the scourge of back-street terminations that caused the deaths of at least 50 women a year from botched surgery and infection.
The 1967 Abortion Act, introduced by the Liberal MP David Steel, set an upper time limit of 28 weeks based on the assumption in the Infant Life Preservation Act of 1929 that this was the limit of viability - the minimum age at which a foetus could survive.
No time limit was set in Scotland, yet no more late abortions were performed north of the border than in England, a fact cited by pro-choice campaigners as evidence that the law does not prevent late abortions. Women and their doctors do, because neither want them.
The 1967 Act came under repeated assault from anti-abortion organisations to reduce the time limit and to repeal the law in Parliament. They did not succeed until 1990, when the abortion act was reviewed as the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act was going through Parliament and the time limit was reduced to 24 weeks.
Advances in medicine have seen babies survive at 23 weeks and, very rarely, 22 weeks. But the poor outcome for those suggests the limits of viability have been reached.
WHERE LEADERS STAND
Tony Blair, who entered Parliament in 1983, has consistently supported the Abortion Act introduced in 1967. In 1988, Mr Blair opposed David Alton's Abortion (Amendment) Bill which aimed to lower the upper limit for abortions from 28 weeks to 18 weeks. In three votes, he voted against.
In 1990, he voted for a clause aimed at permitting abortion on the agreement of only one doctor if the pregnancy had not exceeded 12 weeks. He opposed pro-life amendments to ban abortions after 20 weeks and after 22 weeks.
Michael Howard, Conservative leader, who also entered Parliament in 1983, has voted for tightening the law on abortion. He supported the David Alton Abortion (Amendment) Bill which aimed to lower the upper limit for abortion.
In 1990, he opposed attempts to legalise abortion on demand with only one doctor needed to certify that the pregnancy has not exceeded 12 weeks. He also voted against abortion up to birth on various grounds including handicap. He voted against the Abortion Act to be extended to Northern Ireland.
Charles Kennedy, Liberal Democrat leader, has supported the "pro-life" lobby, opposing abortion on demand and late abortions. He voted for a time limit of 22 weeks in the past but said last week: "I don't know what I would do now". Anti-abortion campaigners say he has rarely attended their debates on the issue.
Mr Kennedy believes abortion should remain an issue of conscience for MPs, not dictated by party whips, although it is unclear whether he would favour devoting Government time to legislation to reform the situation on abortion.
Just 30 years ago, Spain was an economic backwater, still bearing the deep scars of Franco's military dictatorship and better known for the past glories of the conquistadors than for modern-day entrepreneurial pluck; yet today, a new generation of swashbuckling Spaniards is conquering the world of global business.
Harvard-educated Ana Patricia Botin is typical of the new breed. A scion of the family that has run the giant Banco Santander for generations, and recently bought UK bank Abbey National, she was educated at Harvard, and stacked up seven years of experience on Wall Street, at JP Morgan, before moving back home to run Banesto, Santander's Spanish retail bank. Botin came 73rd in Forbes magazine's list of the world's most powerful women last year, and is tipped to take over from her father, Emilio, as the boss of the entire financial empire.
When Ferrovial clinched the deal to buy BAA last year, it was one of a string of Spanish takeovers of British assets - the latest being power giant Iberdrola's purchase of Scottish Power, earlier this year. Iberdrola has since installed a Spanish chief executive, Ignacio Galan.
In the retail sector the fast fashion chain Zara, built up by Spain's richest man, self-made Galician billionaire Amancio Ortega, has become well-known on high streets across Europe.
Kimio Kase, of Spain's IESE Business School, who has written a forthcoming book about Spanish banks, says that they have adopted a conscious strategy of cutting their teeth by expanding into Latin America to build up the critical mass and the nous to compete with their continental neighbours.
Emboldened by their success, the banks have since reached into continental Europe - including, when Santander took over Abbey, the UK.
Spain's world-beating firms in other industries have echoed the banks' successful approach. Telefonica, the firm that now owns UK-based telecoms provider O2, pursued a similar strategy, and has operations in eight Latin American countries.
'I think there is a process of mutual learning among different industrial sectors,' Kase explains. 'This is a small country, so people know each other, and this helps.'
He points out that many of Spain's business elite, including Emilio Botin, and Santander's CEO Alfredo Saenz, attended the same university, the Universidad de Deusto in the northern city of Bilbao, which is renowned for training leaders.
Spain's march into the UK - where the government is particularly relaxed about foreign takeovers - has sometimes been controversial. Spanish firms can offset the cost of the goodwill they buy when they take over a foreign firm against their tax bill: and some believe that gives them an unfair advantage. SNP MEP Alyn Smith persuaded the European Commission to examine this tax break when Iberdrola was seeking to buy Scottish Power - but it rejected his claims.
Heather Stewart
Sunday August 5, 2007
[[The Observer|http://observer.guardian.co.uk/business/story/0,,2141699,00.html#article_continue]]
!People's theatre
https://www.peoplestheatre.co.uk/
[[The Actor's Space|https://www.facebook.com/theactorsspaceuk/]] for an evening of miscellany
http://www.bowen-therapy.co/
/***
|Name |ThostUploadPlugin |
|Description |Support saving to Tiddlyhost.com |
|Version |1.0.1 |
|Date |March 06, 2021 |
|Source |https://github.com/tiddlyhost/tiddlyhost-com/tree/main/rails/tw_content/plugins |
|Author |BidiX, Simon Baird, Yakov Litvin |
|License |BSD open source license |
|~CoreVersion |2.9.2 |
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// To change these defaults, create a tiddler named "ThostOptions" with tag
// "systemConfig" and the following content:
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// Set false if you want the chkHttpReadOnly cookie to decide whether to
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txtThostSiteName: "Site name for uploads to Tiddlyhost.com",
});
bidix.initOption('txtThostSiteName','homepage');
//
// Tiddlyhost stuff
//
bidix.ownerLoggedIn = (config.shadowTiddlers.TiddlyHostIsLoggedIn &&
config.shadowTiddlers.TiddlyHostIsLoggedIn == "yes")
if (bidix.editModeAlways || bidix.ownerLoggedIn) {
// If user is logged in to Tiddlyhost and viewing their own site then
// we disregard the original value of the chkHttpReadOnly cookie
config.options.chkHttpReadOnly = false
// window.readOnly gets set before plugins are loaded, so we need to
// set it here to make sure TW is editable, unlike window.showBackstage
// which is set after
window.readOnly = false
}
if (bidix.uploadButtonAlways || bidix.ownerLoggedIn) {
// Add the 'save to tiddlyhost' button after the regular save button
config.shadowTiddlers.SideBarOptions = config.shadowTiddlers.SideBarOptions
.replace(/(<<saveChanges>>)/,"$1<<thostUpload>>");
}
//}}}
*[[Thyrosine|http://www.lifenaturalcures.com/Scripts/prodView.asp?idProduct=4]]
Active Ingredients:
Each tablet provides:-
[[Iodine]] (as Potassium Iodide) 76µg 50%RDA
Laminaria digitata 75mg
/***
|Name|TidIDEPlugin|
|Source|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#TidIDEPlugin|
|Version|1.6.1|
|Author|Eric Shulman - ELS Design Studios|
|License|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#LegalStatements <<br>>and [[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]|
|~CoreVersion|2.1|
|Type|plugin|
|Requires||
|Overrides||
|Description|TiddlyWiki Integrated Development Environment - tools for authors and plugin writers|
~TidIDE (//prounounced "Tie Dyed"//) - ''Tid''dlyWiki ''I''ntegrated ''D''evelopment ''E''nvironment - tools for ~TiddlyWiki authors and editors.
Provides a full-featured tiddler editor with key-by-key ''LIVE PREVIEW'' of //formatted// tiddler content!! Also includes diagnostic tools to help you debug your TiddlyWiki problems by letting you view current TiddlyWiki internal option values, messages, shadows, stylesheets, notify and macro functions or display the internal DOM (Document Object Model) tree structure for any specific part of the TiddlyWiki document.
!!!!!Configuration
<<<
Automatically freeze preview updates when a tiddler takes more than <<option txtTidIDEAutoFreeze>> milliseconds to render.
<<<
!!!!!Usage/Example
<<<
{{{<<tidIDE id:example "font:Courier New" size:8pt system +edit:GettingStarted>>}}}
<<tidIDE id:example "font:Courier New" size:8pt system +edit:GettingStarted>>
!!!!!parameters:
* ''id'' - assign a unique ID to this instance of TidIDE. (default id=current tiddler title or "" if not in a tiddler)
* ''font'' - sets the CSS font-family used by textarea controls in editor and system information panels. Note: if the font name includes a space (e.g., Courier New), then you must enclose the entire parameter in double-quotes: {{{"font:Courier New"}}}.
* ''size'' - sets the CSS font-size used by text input and droplist controls in editor and system information panels.
* ''system'' includes system information panel.
* ''edit'' includes tiddler editor/previewer.
**''edit:here'' automatically sets the editor to show the current tiddler contents (if in a tiddler)
**''edit:tiddlertitle'' automatically sets the editor to show the specified tiddler contents
* use ''{{{[[label|tiddlertitle]]}}}'' to include 'custom panels' (and corresponding labelled checkboxes to toggle their display)
* all parameters are optional. The default panel is "edit:here".
* panel parameters preceded by a "+" are displayed by default. If only one panel specified in the parameters, it is automatically displayed, even if the "+" is omitted.
!!!!!using the editor
The editor includes a droplist of all tiddlers in the document, sorted alpha-numerically by tiddler title. Shadow tiddlers that have not been customized are added to the end of this list and marked with "(shadow)". Next to the droplist are several buttons:
* ''view'' opens the tiddler in the normal ~TiddlyWiki display area
* ''add'' prompts for a new tiddler title and begins a new editing session
* ''remove'' deletes an existing tiddler (note: shadow tiddlers cannot be removed)
* ''save'' saves changes to the tiddler currently being edited
* ''save as'' saves changes using a new tiddler title
If a tiddlername was not specified in the macro, select a tiddler from the droplist (or press ''add'') to begin editing. Once a tiddler has been loaded into the editor, you can change it's content, enter or select tags.
Normally, when you save changes to a tiddler, the created/modified dates and tiddler author are automatically updated. However, it is sometimes useful to make small changes to a tiddler without automatically updating the date/author information. Select the ''minor edits'' checkbox to prevent those values from being //automatically// changed. In addition, this enables the date/author edit fields which allows you to //manually// 'back date' a tiddler or change the author to another name. When the tiddler is saved, the date/author values shown in the edit fields will be used.
!!!!!using the previewer
The ''preview'' checkbox adds a display area that shows you what your tiddler changes will look like, //before// committing to those changes.
By default, this preview display is automatically rendered each time a key is typed into the tiddler content edit field. As soon as changes are entered, they will be instantly visible within the preview display. Unfortunately, the partial tiddler source definitions that occur //during// editing may somtimes cause rendering problems, and some exceptionally complex tiddlers make take an unusually long amount of time to completely render their content. In such cases, key-by-key display updates are undesirable or impractical.
When ''preview'' is selected, you can also select ''freeze'' to suspend automatic key-by-key preview display updates. The preview display will not be re-rendered again until you press the ''refresh'' button, or clear the 'freeze' checkbox, or switch to editing a different tiddler. The editor automatically freezes the preview display whenever the //rendering time// exceeds a pre-determined time limit (see configuration section), specified in milliseconds. Note: the ''actual elapsed time'' used to process and render any given tiddler is reported in the browser's status bar area whenever that tiddler is previewed.
The previewer also can display a ''DOM viewer'' and an ''HTML viewer'' that are also updated with each keystroke. These text-based displays can be helpful while attempting to correct or enhance the formatting of tiddler content, especially when complex combinations of wiki-syntax produce unexpected or undesired results.
!!!!!system information and TW option settings
You can use the ''system information'' panel to view a variety of system internal data and functions, and view/modify ''all'' of ~TiddlyWiki's internal config.option.* settings. NOTE: Non-default config.options are stored in cookies and are retrieved whenever the TW document is loaded into a browser; however, ''core TW functions and custom-defined plugins can explicitly ignore or reset any locally-stored cookie values and use their own, internally-defined values'' instead. As a result, changes to these may be completely ignored, or may only have an effect during the current TW document "session" (i.e., until the TW document is reloaded), even though a persistent cookie value has been saved.
!!!!! ~DOMViewer macro
syntax: {{{<<DOMViewer rows:nn indent:xxxx inline path elementID|tiddlertitle>>}}}
Whenever TiddlyWiki renders a given tiddler, it creates a 'tree' of DOM (Document Object Model) elements that represent the information that is displayed by the browser. You can use the ''DOMViewer'' macro to examine the internal DOM elements that are produced by TiddlyWiki's formatter (the 'wikifier'), or elements directly produced by embedded macros that create custom formatted output. This can be particularly helpful when trying to fine tune the layout and appearance of your tiddler content.
DOMViewer creates a textarea control and reports the DOM tree for the current 'insertion point' where the DOMViewer macro is being placed. ''inline'' flag uses TiddlyWiki rendering instead of textarea control. ''path'' shows the relative location of each child element in the DOM tree, using subscript notation, ''[elementID or tiddlertitle]'' displays DOM elements starting from the node with the specified ID. If that ID is not found in the DOM tree, the macro attempts to open a tiddler with that title and then displays the "tiddler"+title DOM elements that were rendered.
<<<
!!!!!Installation
<<<
import (or copy/paste) the following tiddlers into your document:
''TidIDEPlugin'' (tagged with <<tag systemConfig>>)
^^documentation and javascript for macro handling^^
<<<
!!!!!Revision History
<<<
''2006.12.09 [1.6.1]'' in handler(), allow non-existing tiddler title when processing "edit:title" param
so that new tiddler (or journal) can be created directly from newTiddler, newJournal, or tidIDE macro (without pressing "new" button). Also, set 'edit=text' attribute on text area field so that default content can be initialized from "text:xxx" parameter specified in newTiddler/newJournal macro.
''2006.11.28 [1.6.0]'' added font and size params to set CSS for form controls in editor and system info panels
|please see [[TidIDEPluginHistory]] for additional revision details|
''2006.04.15 [0.5.0]'' Initial ALPHA release. Converted from TiddlerTweaker inline script.
<<<
!!!!!Credits
<<<
This feature was developed by EricShulman from [[ELS Design Studios|http:/www.elsdesign.com]].
<<<
!!!!!Code
***/
// // version info
//{{{
version.extensions.tidIDE = {major: 1, minor: 6, revision: 1, date: new Date(2006,12,9)};
//}}}
// // macro definition
//{{{
config.macros.tidIDE = {
versionMsg: "TidIDE v%0.%1.%2: ",
datetimefmt: "0MM/0DD/YYYY 0hh:0mm",
titleMsg: "Please enter a new tiddler title",
isShadowMsg: "'%0' is a shadow tiddler and cannot be removed.",
renderMsg: "rendering preview...",
timeoutMsg: " (> %0ms)",
freezeMsg: " - preview is frozen. Press [refresh] to re-display.",
evalMsg: "Warning!!\n\nThis action will process '%0' as a systemConfig (plugin) tiddler, and may produce unexpected results!\n\nAre you sure you want to proceed?",
toolsDef: "<html><a href='javascript:config.macros.tidIDE.set(\"%0\",\"%1\");'>edit %1...</a></html>",
editorLabel: "TiddlerEditor",
systemLabel: "SystemInfo"
};
config.macros.tidIDE.handler= function(place,macroName,params) {
var here=story.findContainingTiddler(place);
var selectors="";
var panels="";
var showsys=false;
var title="";
var id=""; if (here) id=here.id.substr(7);
var p=params.shift();
if (!p) p="edit:here"; // default to editor if no params
var openpanels=[];
var panelcount=0;
var fontsize="8pt";
var fontface="Courier New,fixed";
while (p) {
var defOpen=(p.substr(0,1)=="+"); if (defOpen) p=p.substr(1);
if (p.substr(0,3)=="id:")
{ id=p.substr(3); }
else if (p.substr(0,5)=="font:")
{ fontface=p.substr(5); }
else if (p.substr(0,5)=="size:")
{ fontsize=p.substr(5); }
else if (p.substr(0,4)=="edit") {
panelcount++;
defOpen=defOpen || (!params[0] && panelcount==1); // if only one panel to show, default to open
var toolname=this.editorLabel;
if (p.indexOf('|')!=-1) toolname=p.substr(0,p.indexOf('|'));
selectors+=this.html.editorchk.replace(/%toolname%/mg,toolname);
selectors=selectors.replace(/%showpanel%/mg,defOpen?"CHECKED":"");
panels+=this.html.editorpanel;
// editor panel setup...
panels=panels.replace(/%showpanel%/mg,defOpen?"block":"none");
panels=panels.replace(/%maxrows%/mg,config.options.txtMaxEditRows);
panels=panels.replace(/%disabled%/mg,readOnly?"DISABLED":"");
panels=panels.replace(/%readonlychk%/mg,readOnly?"CHECKED":"");
panels=panels.replace(/%minoredits%/mg,config.options.chkForceMinorUpdate&&!readOnly?"":"DISABLED");
panels=panels.replace(/%minorchk%/mg,config.options.chkForceMinorUpdate?"CHECKED":"");
panels=panels.replace(/%fontsize%/mg,fontsize);
panels=panels.replace(/%fontface%/mg,fontface);
var tiddlers=store.getTiddlers("title"); var tiddlerlist="";
for (var t=0; t<tiddlers.length; t++)
tiddlerlist+='<option value="'+tiddlers[t].title+'">'+tiddlers[t].title+'</option>';
for (var t in config.shadowTiddlers)
if (!store.tiddlerExists(t)) tiddlerlist+="<option value='"+t+"'>"+t+" (shadow)</option>";
panels=panels.replace(/%tiddlerlist%/mg,tiddlerlist);
var tags = store.getTags(); var taglist="";
for (var t=0; t<tags.length; t++)
taglist+="<option value='"+tags[t][0]+"'>"+tags[t][0]+"</option>";
panels=panels.replace(/%taglist%/mg,taglist);
if (p.substr(0,5)=="edit:") {
title=p.substr(5);
if (here && title=="here") title=here.id.substr(7);
}
}
else if (p=="system") {
panelcount++;
defOpen=defOpen || (!params[0] && panelcount==1); // if only one panel to show, default to open
var toolname=this.systemLabel;
showsys=defOpen;
if (p.indexOf('|')!=-1) toolname=p.substr(0,p.indexOf('|'));
selectors+=this.html.systemchk.replace(/%toolname%/mg,toolname);
selectors=selectors.replace(/%showpanel%/mg,defOpen?"CHECKED":"");
panels+=this.html.systempanel;
panels=panels.replace(/%showpanel%/mg,defOpen?"block":"none");
panels=panels.replace(/%fontsize%/mg,fontsize);
panels=panels.replace(/%fontface%/mg,fontface);
}
else {
panelcount++;
defOpen=defOpen || (!params[0] && panelcount==1); // if only one panel to show, default to open
var toolid=toolname=p;
if (p.indexOf('|')!=-1)
{ toolname=p.substr(0,p.indexOf('|')); toolid=p.substr(p.indexOf('|')+1); }
selectors+=this.html.toolschk.replace(/%toolid%/mg,toolid).replace(/%toolname%/mg,toolname);
selectors=selectors.replace(/%showpanel%/mg,defOpen?"CHECKED":"");
panels+=this.html.toolspanel.replace(/%toolid%/mg,toolid);
panels=panels.replace(/%showpanel%/mg,defOpen?"block":"none");
if (defOpen) openpanels.push(toolid);
}
p=params.shift(); // next param
}
var html=this.html.framework;
if (panelcount<2)
html=html.replace(/%version%/mg,'').replace(/%selector%/mg,''); // omit header/selectors if just one panel to display
else {
html=html.replace(/%version%/mg,
this.versionMsg.format([version.extensions.tidIDE.major,version.extensions.tidIDE.minor,version.extensions.tidIDE.revision]));
html=html.replace(/%selector%/mg,selectors+"<hr style='margin:0;padding:0'>");
}
html=html.replace(/%panels%/mg,panels);
html=html.replace(/%id%/mg,id);
var newIDE=createTiddlyElement(place,"span");
newIDE.innerHTML=html;
if (title.length) this.set(id,title); // pre-load tiddler editor (if needed)
if (showsys) config.macros.tidIDE.getsys(id); // pre-load system information (if needed)
if (openpanels.length) for (i=0;i<openpanels.length;i++) { config.macros.tidIDE.loadPanel(id,openpanels[i]); }
// see [[TextAreaPlugin]] for extended ctrl-F/G (search/search again)and TAB handler definitions
var elems=newIDE.getElementsByTagName("textarea");
for (var i=0;i<elems.length;i++) {
if (window.addKeyDownHandlers!=undefined) window.addKeyDownHandlers(elems[i]);
}
}
//}}}
// // CUSTOM PANEL FUNCTIONS
//{{{
config.macros.tidIDE.loadPanel=function(id,toolid) {
var place=document.getElementById(id+"_"+toolid+"_panel"); if (!place) return;
var t=store.getTiddler(toolid);
place.innerHTML="";
if (t) wikify(t.text,place); else place.innerHTML=this.toolsDef.format([id,toolid]);
}
//}}}
// // EDITOR PANEL FUNCTIONS
//{{{
config.macros.tidIDE.set=function(id,title) {
var place=document.getElementById(id+"_editorpanel"); if (!place) return;
var f=document.getElementById(id+"_editorform");
var p=document.getElementById(id+"_preview");
if (f.dirty && !confirm(config.commands.cancelTiddler.warning.format([f.current]))) return;
// reset to form defaults
f.dirty=false;
f.current="";
f.created.value=f.created.defaultValue;
f.modified.value=f.modified.defaultValue;
f.author.value=f.author.defaultValue;
f.content.value=f.content.defaultValue;
f.tags.value=f.tags.defaultValue;
f.size.value=f.size.defaultValue;
f.freeze.checked=false;
f.domview.value="";
f.htmlview.value="";
f.status.value="";
p.innerHTML="";
if (!title.length) return;
f.current=title;
// values for new/shadow tiddlers
var cdate=new Date();
var mdate=new Date();
var modifier=config.options.txtUserName;
var text=config.views.editor.defaultText.format([title]);
var tags="";
// adjust values for shadow tiddlers
if (store.isShadowTiddler(title))
{ modifier=config.views.wikified.shadowModifier; text=store.getTiddlerText(title) }
// get values for specified tiddler (if it exists)
var t=store.getTiddler(title);
if (t) { var cdate=t.created; var mdate=t.modified; var modifier=t.modifier; var text=t.text; var tags=t.getTags(); }
if (!t && !store.isShadowTiddler(title)) f.tiddlers.options[f.tiddlers.options.length]=new Option(title,title,false,true); // add item to list
f.tiddlers.value=title; // select current title (just in case it wasn't already selected)
f.created.value=cdate.formatString(this.datetimefmt);
f.modified.value=mdate.formatString(this.datetimefmt);
f.author.value=modifier;
f.content.value=text;
f.tags.value=tags;
f.minoredits.checked=config.options.chkForceMinorUpdate&&!readOnly;
f.size.value=f.content.value.length+" bytes";
if (f.preview.checked) { p.style.display="block"; this.render(id); }
}
config.macros.tidIDE.add=function(id) {
var place=document.getElementById(id+"_editorpanel"); if (!place) return;
var f=document.getElementById(id+"_editorform");
var p=document.getElementById(id+"_preview");
if (f.dirty && !confirm(config.commands.cancelTiddler.warning.format([f.current]))) return;
var title=prompt(this.titleMsg,config.macros.newTiddler.title);
while (title && store.tiddlerExists(title) && !confirm(config.messages.overwriteWarning.format([title])))
title=prompt(this.titleMsg,config.macros.newTiddler.title);
if (!title || !title.trim().length) return; // cancelled by user
f.dirty=false; // suppress unneeded confirmation message
this.set(id,title);
}
config.macros.tidIDE.remove=function(id) {
var place=document.getElementById(id+"_editorpanel"); if (!place) return;
var f=document.getElementById(id+"_editorform");
var p=document.getElementById(id+"_preview");
if (!f.current.length) return;
if (!store.tiddlerExists(f.current) && store.isShadowTiddler(f.current)) { alert(this.isShadowMsg.format([f.current])); return; }
if (config.options.chkConfirmDelete && !confirm(config.commands.deleteTiddler.warning.format([f.current]))) return;
if (store.tiddlerExists(f.current)) {
story.closeTiddler(f.current);
store.removeTiddler(f.current);
store.setDirty(true);
if(config.options.chkAutoSave) saveChanges();
}
f.tiddlers.options[f.tiddlers.selectedIndex]=null; // remove item from list
f.dirty=false; // suppress unneeded confirmation message
this.set(id,""); // clear form controls
}
config.macros.tidIDE.save=function(id,saveAs) {
var place=document.getElementById(id+"_editorpanel"); if (!place) return;
var f=document.getElementById(id+"_editorform");
var title=f.current;
if (!title || !title.trim().length || saveAs) { // get a new title
title=prompt(this.titleMsg,config.macros.newTiddler.title);
while (title && store.tiddlerExists(title) && !confirm(config.messages.overwriteWarning.format([title])))
title=prompt(this.titleMsg,config.macros.newTiddler.title);
if (!title || !title.trim().length) return; // cancelled by user
f.tiddlers.options[f.tiddlers.options.length]=new Option(title,title,false,true); // add item to list
f.current=title;
}
var author=config.options.txtUserName;
var mdate=new Date();
var content=f.content.value;
var tags=f.tags.value;
var tiddler=store.saveTiddler(title,title,content,author,mdate,tags);
if (f.minoredits.checked) {
var author=f.author.value;
var mdate=new Date(f.modified.value);
var cdate=new Date(f.created.value);
tiddler.assign(null,null,author,mdate,null,cdate);
}
store.setDirty(true);
if(config.options.chkAutoSave) saveChanges();
story.refreshTiddler(title,null,true);
f.dirty=false;
}
//}}}
// // EDITOR PANEL: PREVIEW FUNCTIONS
//{{{
if (config.options.txtTidIDEAutoFreeze==undefined)
config.options.txtTidIDEAutoFreeze=250; // limit (in milliseconds) for auto-freezing preview display
config.macros.tidIDE.render=function(id) {
var place=document.getElementById(id+"_editorpanel"); if (!place) return;
var f=document.getElementById(id+"_editorform");
var p=document.getElementById(id+"_preview");
var d=document.getElementById(id+"_domview");
var h=document.getElementById(id+"_htmlview");
p.innerHTML="";
f.status.value=this.renderMsg;
var start=new Date();
wikify(f.content.value.replace(regexpCarriageReturn,''),p);
var end=new Date();
this.renderDOM(id);
this.renderHTML(id);
f.status.value=f.current+": "+(end-start+1)+"ms";
// automatically suspend preview updates for slow rendering tiddlers
if (end-start+1>config.options.txtTidIDEAutoFreeze) {
f.freeze.checked=true;
f.status.value+=this.timeoutMsg.format([config.options.txtTidIDEAutoFreeze]);
}
if (f.freeze.checked) f.status.value+=this.freezeMsg;
}
config.macros.tidIDE.renderDOM=function(id) {
var place=document.getElementById(id+"_editorpanel"); if (!place) return;
var f=document.getElementById(id+"_editorform");
var p=document.getElementById(id+"_preview");
var d=document.getElementById(id+"_domview");
var h=document.getElementById(id+"_htmlview");
p.style.height=(f.dom.checked||f.html.checked)?"10em":"25em";
if (f.dom.checked) d.value=this.getNodeTree(p,"| ");
d.style.display=f.dom.checked?"inline":"none";
d.style.width=f.html.checked?"49.5%":"100%";
h.style.width=f.dom.checked?"49.5%":"100%";
}
config.macros.tidIDE.renderHTML=function(id) {
var place=document.getElementById(id+"_editorpanel"); if (!place) return;
var f=document.getElementById(id+"_editorform");
var p=document.getElementById(id+"_preview");
var d=document.getElementById(id+"_domview");
var h=document.getElementById(id+"_htmlview");
p.style.height=(f.dom.checked||f.html.checked)?"10em":"25em";
if (f.html.checked) h.value=this.formatHTML(p.innerHTML);
h.style.display=f.html.checked?"inline":"none";
d.style.width=f.html.checked?"49.5%":"100%";
h.style.width=f.dom.checked?"49.5%":"100%";
}
config.macros.tidIDE.formatHTML=function(txt) {
if (config.browser.isIE) return txt; // BYPASS - 4/24/2006 due to IE hang problem. Will fix later...
var out="";
var indent="";
var level=0;
for (var i=0;i<txt.length;i++) {
var c=txt.substr(i,1);
if (c=="<") {
if (txt.substr(i+1,1)=="/") indent=indent.substr(0,indent.length-2);
out+="\n"+indent;
if (txt.substr(i+1,1)!="/" && txt.substr(i+1,3)!="br>" && txt.substr(i+1,2)!="p>" && txt.substr(i+1,3)!="hr>") indent+=" ";
}
out+=c;
if (c=="\n")
out+=indent;
if (c==">" && txt.substr(i+1,1)!="<")
out+="\n"+indent;
}
return out;
}
config.macros.tidIDE.getNodeTree=function(theNode,theIndent,showPath,inline,thePrefix,thePath)
{
if (!theNode) return "";
if (!thePrefix) thePrefix="";
if (!thePath) thePath="";
var mquote='"'+(inline?"{{{":"");
var endmquote=(inline?"}}}":"")+'"';
// generate output for this node
var out = thePrefix;
if (showPath && thePath.length)
out += (inline?"//":"")+thePath.substr(1)+":"+(inline?"//":"")+"\r\n"+thePrefix;
if (theNode.className=="DOMViewer")
return out+'[DOMViewer]\r\n'; // avoid self-referential recursion
out += (inline?"''":"")+theNode.nodeName.toUpperCase()+(inline?"''":"");
if (theNode.nodeName=="#text")
out += ' '+mquote+theNode.nodeValue.replace(/\n/g,'\\n')+endmquote;
if (theNode.className)
out += ' class='+mquote+theNode.className+endmquote;
if (theNode.type)
out += ' type='+mquote+theNode.type+endmquote;
if (theNode.id)
out += ' id='+mquote+theNode.id+endmquote;
if (theNode.name)
out += " "+theNode.name+(theNode.value?"="+mquote+theNode.value+endmquote:"");
if (theNode.href)
out += ' href='+mquote+theNode.href+endmquote;
if (theNode.src)
out += ' src='+mquote+theNode.src+endmquote;
if (theNode.attributes && theNode.getAttribute("tiddlyLink")!=undefined)
out += ' tiddler='+mquote+theNode.getAttribute("tiddlyLink")+endmquote;
out += "\r\n";
// recursively generate output for child nodes
thePath=thePath+"."+theNode.nodeName.toLowerCase();
thePrefix=theIndent+thePrefix;
for (var i=0;i<theNode.childNodes.length;i++)
{
var thisChild=theNode.childNodes.item(i);
var theNum=(inline?"~~":"(")+(i+1)+(inline?"~~":")");
out += this.getNodeTree(thisChild,theIndent,showPath,inline,thePrefix,thePath+theNum);
}
return out;
}
//}}}
// // DOMViewer macro
//{{{
version.extensions.DOMViewer = version.extensions.tidIDE;
config.macros.DOMViewer = { };
config.macros.DOMViewer.handler = function(place,macroName,params) {
// set default params
var inline=false;
var theRows=15;
var theIndent="| ";
var showPath=false;
var theTarget=place;
// unpack options parameters
if (params[0]=='inline') { inline=true; theIndent=">"; params.shift(); }
if (params[0]&&(params[0].substr(0,7)=="indent:")) { theIndent=params[0].substr(7); params.shift(); }
if (params[0]&&(params[0].substr(0,5)=="rows:")) { theRows=params[0].substr(5); params.shift(); }
if (params[0]=='path') { showPath=true; params.shift(); }
if (params[0]) {
theTarget=document.getElementById(params[0]);
if (!theTarget)
if (store.getTiddler(params[0])!=undefined) {
theTarget=document.getElementById("tiddler"+params[0]);
if (!theTarget && confirm("DOMViewer asks:\n\nIs it OK to open tiddler '"+params[0]+"' now?")) {
story.displayTiddler(null,params[0],1,null,null,false);
theTarget=document.getElementById("tiddler"+params[0]);
}
}
params.shift();
}
// generate and display DOM tree
if (inline) {
var out=config.macros.tidIDE.getNodeTree(theTarget,theIndent,showPath,inline);
wikify(out,place);
}
else {
var out=config.macros.tidIDE.getNodeTree(theTarget,theIndent,showPath,inline);
var css=".DOMViewer{width:100%;font-size:8pt;color:inherit;background:transparent;border:0px;}";
setStylesheet(css,"DOMViewerPlugin");
var theTextArea=createTiddlyElement(place,"textarea",null,"DOMViewer",out);
theTextArea.rows=theRows;
theTextArea.cols=60;
theTextArea.wrap="off";
theTextArea.theTarget=theTarget;
theTextArea.theIndent=theIndent;
theTextArea.showPath=showPath;
}
}
//}}}
// // SYSTEM PANEL FUNCTIONS
//{{{
config.macros.tidIDE.showObject=function(o) { // generate formatted output for displaying object references
var t="";
for (var p in o) {
if (typeof o[p]=="function") {
t+="- - - - - - - - - - "+p+" - - - - - - - - - -\n";
t+=o[p].toString();
t+="\n- - - - - - - - - - END: "+p+" - - - - - - - - - -\n";
}
else
t+='['+typeof o[p]+'] '+p+": "+o[p]+"\n";
}
return t;
}
config.macros.tidIDE.getsys=function(id) {
var place=document.getElementById(id+"_systempanel"); if (!place) return;
var f=document.getElementById(id+"_systemform");
f.sysview.value="";
// OPTIONS
while (f.sys_opts.options.length > 1) { f.sys_opts.options[1]=null; } // clear list
f.config_view.value=""; // clear edit field
var cookies = { };
if (document.cookie != "") {
var p = document.cookie.split("; ");
for (var i=0; i < p.length; i++) {
var pos=p[i].indexOf("=");
if (pos==-1)
cookies[p[i]]="";
else
cookies[p[i].substr(0,pos)]=unescape(p[i].slice(pos+1));
}
}
var c=1;
var opt=new Array(); for (var i in config.options) opt.push(i); opt.sort();
for(var i=0; i<opt.length; i++) {
if ((opt[i].substr(0,3)=="txt")||(opt[i].substr(0,3)=="chk")) {
var txt = (opt[i].substr(0,3)=="chk"?("["+(config.options[opt[i]]?"x":"_")+"] "):"")+opt[i]+(cookies[opt[i]]?" (cookie)":"");
var val = config.options[opt[i]];
f.sys_opts.options[c++]=new Option(txt,val,false,false);
}
}
// STYLESHEETS
while (f.sys_styles.options.length > 1) { f.sys_styles.options[1]=null; } // clear list
var c=1;
var styles=document.getElementsByTagName("style");
for(var i=0; i < styles.length; i++) {
var id=styles[i].getAttribute("id"); if (!id) id="(default)";
var txt=id;
var val="/* stylesheet:"+txt+" */\n"+styles[i].innerHTML;
f.sys_styles.options[c++]=new Option(txt,val,false,false);
}
// SHADOWS
while (f.sys_shadows.options.length > 1) { f.sys_shadows.options[1]=null; } // clear list
var c=1;
for(var s in config.shadowTiddlers) f.sys_shadows.options[c++]=new Option(s,config.shadowTiddlers[s],false,false);
// NOTIFICATIONS
while (f.sys_notify.options.length > 1) { f.sys_notify.options[1]=null; } // clear list
var c=1;
for (var i=0; i<store.namedNotifications.length; i++) {
var n = store.namedNotifications[i];
var fn = n.notify.toString();
fn = fn.substring(fn.indexOf("function ")+9,fn.indexOf("{")-1);
var txt=(n.name?n.name:"any change")+"="+fn;
var val="/* notify: "+txt+" */\n"+n.notify.toString();
f.sys_notify.options[c++]=new Option(txt,val,false,false);
}
// MACROS
while (f.sys_macros.options.length > 1) { f.sys_macros.options[1]=null; } // clear list
var c=1;
var macros=new Array(); for (var m in config.macros) macros.push(m); macros.sort();
for(var i=0; i < macros.length; i++)
f.sys_macros.options[c++]=new Option(macros[i],this.showObject(config.macros[macros[i]]),false,false);
// TOOLBAR COMMANDS
while (f.sys_commands.options.length > 1) { f.sys_commands.options[1]=null; } // clear list
var c=1;
for(var cmd in config.commands)
f.sys_commands.options[c++]=new Option(cmd,this.showObject(config.commands[cmd]),false,false);
// FORMATTERS
while (f.sys_formatters.options.length > 1) { f.sys_formatters.options[1]=null; } // clear list
var c=1;
for(var i=0; i < config.formatters.length; i++)
f.sys_formatters.options[c++]=new Option(config.formatters[i].name,this.showObject(config.formatters[i]),false,false);
// PARAMIFIERS
while (f.sys_params.options.length > 1) { f.sys_params.options[1]=null; } // clear list
var c=1;
for(var param in config.paramifiers)
f.sys_params.options[c++]=new Option(param,this.showObject(config.paramifiers[param]),false,false);
// GLOBALS
//global variables and functions (excluding most DOM and ~TiddyWiki core definitions)://
var DOM0_globals = {
addEventListener: 1, alert: 1, atob: 1, back: 1, blur: 1, btoa: 1, captureEvents: 1, clearInterval: 1,
clearTimeout: 1, close: 1, closed: 1, Components: 1, confirm: 1, content: 1, controllers: 1, crypto: 1,
defaultStatus: 1, defaultStatus: 1, directories: 1, disableExternalCapture: 1, dispatchEvent: 1, document: 1,
dump: 1, enableExternalCapture: 1, escape: 1, find: 1, focus: 1, forward: 1, frameElement: 1, frames: 1,
fullScreen: 1, getAttention: 1, getComputedStyle: 1, getSelection: 1, history: 1, home: 1, innerHeight: 1,
innerWidth: 1, length: 1, location: 1, locationbar: 1, menubar: 1, moveBy: 1, moveTo: 1, name: 1,
navigator: 1, open: 1, openDialog: 1, opener: 1, outerHeight: 1, outerWidth: 1, pageXOffset: 1,
pageYOffset: 1, parent: 1, personalbar: 1, pkcs11: 1, print: 1, prompt: 1, prompter: 1, releaseEvents: 1,
removeEventListener: 1, resizeBy: 1, resizeTo: 1, routeEvent: 1, screen: 1, screenX: 1, screenY: 1,
scroll: 1, scrollbars: 1, scrollBy: 1, scrollByLines: 1, scrollByPages: 1, scrollMaxX: 1, scrollMaxY: 1,
scrollTo: 1, scrollX: 1, scrollY: 1, self: 1, setInterval: 1, setResizable: 1, setTimeout: 1, sidebar: 1,
sizeToContent: 1, status: 1, statusbar: 1, stop: 1, toolbar: 1, top: 1, unescape: 1, updateCommands: 1,
window: 1, getInterface: 1
};
var tw_globals = {
version: 1, config: 1, DEFAULT_VIEW_TEMPLATE: 1, DEFAULT_EDIT_TEMPLATE: 1, store: 1, story: 1,
Formatter: 1, anim: 1, readOnly: 1, highlightHack: 1, main: 1, restart: 1, saveTest: 1, loadSystemConfig: 1,
processConfig: 1, invokeMacro: 1, Formatter: 1, wikify: 1, wikifyPlain: 1, highlightify: 1, Wikifier: 1,
Tiddler: 1, regexpBackSlashEn: 1, regexpBackSlash: 1, regexpBackSlashEss: 1, regexpNewLine: 1,
regexpCarriageReturn: 1, TiddlyWiki: 1, displayTiddlers: 1, displayTiddler: 1, Story: 1, displayMessage: 1,
clearMessage: 1, refreshElements: 1, applyHtmlMacros: 1, refreshPageTemplate: 1, applyPageTemplate: 1,
refreshDisplay: 1, refreshPageTitle: 1, refreshStyles: 1, loadOptionsCookie: 1, saveOptionCookie: 1,
saveUsingSafari: 1, startSaveArea: 1, endSaveArea: 1, checkUnsavedChanges: 1, saveChanges: 1,
getBackupPath: 1, generateRss: 1, allTiddlersAsHtml: 1,
convertUTF8ToUnicode: 1, manualConvertUTF8ToUnicode: 1, mozConvertUTF8ToUnicode: 1,
convertUnicodeToUTF8: 1, manualConvertUnicodeToUTF8: 1, mozConvertUnicodeToUTF8: 1,
saveFile: 1, loadFile: 1, ieSaveFile: 1, ieLoadFile: 1, mozillaSaveFile: 1, mozillaLoadFile: 1,
operaUrlToFilename: 1, operaSaveFile: 1, operaLoadFile: 1, safariFilenameToUrl: 1, safariLoadFile: 1,
safariSaveFile: 1, detectPlugin: 1, createTiddlyButton: 1, createTiddlyLink: 1, refreshTiddlyLink: 1,
createExternalLink: 1, onClickTiddlerLink: 1, createTagButton: 1, onClickTag: 1, onClickTagOpenAll: 1,
createTiddlyError: 1, Animator: 1, Zoomer: 1, Cascade: 1, Scroller: 1, Slider: 1, Popup: 1,
createTiddlerPopup: 1, scrollToTiddlerPopup: 1, hideTiddlerPopup: 1, RGB: 1, drawGradient: 1,
createTiddlyText: 1, createTiddlyElement: 1, addEvent: 1, removeEvent: 1, addClass: 1,
removeClass: 1, hasClass: 1, resolveTarget: 1, getPlainText: 1, ensureVisible: 1,
findWindowWidth: 1, findWindowHeight: 1, findScrollX: 1, findScrollY: 1, findPosX: 1, findPosY: 1,
insertSpacer: 1, removeChildren: 1, setStylesheet: 1,
Packages: 1, sun: 1, java: 1, netscape: 1, XPCNativeWrapper: 1, GeckoActiveXObject: 1
};
while (f.sys_globals.options.length > 1) { f.sys_globals.options[1]=null; } // clear list
if (config.browser.isIE) return; // BYPASS - 8/16/2006 // DON'T LIST GLOBALS IN IE... throws object error - WFFL
try {
var c=1;
for (var v in window) if (!(DOM0_globals[v] || tw_globals[v])) {
var t=window[v];
if ((typeof window[v])=='object') {
var t='';
for (var p in window[v]) {
t+=((typeof window[v][p])!='function')?('['+typeof window[v][p]+'] '+p):p;
t+=((typeof window[v][p])!='function')?('='+window[v][p]):'';
t+='\n';
}
}
f.sys_globals.options[c++]=new Option(((typeof window[v])!='function')?('['+typeof window[v]+'] '+v):v,t,false,false);
}
}
catch(e) { ; }
}
config.macros.tidIDE.setsys=function(id) {
var place=document.getElementById(id+"_systempanel"); if (!place) return;
var f=document.getElementById(id+"_systemform");
if (f.sys_opts.selectedIndex==0) return; // heading - do nothing
var name=f.sys_opts.options[f.sys_opts.selectedIndex].text.replace(/\[[Xx_]\] /,'').replace(/ \(cookie\)/,'')
var value=f.config_view.value;
config.options[name]=value;
saveOptionCookie(name);
f.sys_opts.options[f.sys_opts.selectedIndex].value=value;
return;
}
//}}}
// // HTML DEFINITIONS
//{{{
config.macros.tidIDE.html = { };
config.macros.tidIDE.html.framework = " \
<html> %version% <form style='display:inline;margin:0;padding:0;'>%selector%</form> %panels% </html> \
";
//}}}
//{{{
config.macros.tidIDE.html.editorchk = " \
<input type=checkbox name=editor \
style='display:inline;width:auto;margin:1px;' \
title='add/delete/modify tiddlers' %showpanel% \
onclick='document.getElementById(\"%id%_editorpanel\").style.display=this.checked?\"block\":\"none\"; \
if (this.checked) config.macros.tidIDE.render(\"%id%\");'>%toolname% \
";
config.macros.tidIDE.html.systemchk = " \
<input type=checkbox name=system \
style='display:inline;width:auto;margin:1px;' \
title='view TiddlyWiki system internals and configurable options' %showpanel% \
onclick='document.getElementById(\"%id%_systempanel\").style.display=this.checked?\"block\":\"none\"; \
if (this.checked) config.macros.tidIDE.getsys(\"%id%\");'>%toolname% \
";
config.macros.tidIDE.html.toolschk = " \
<input type=checkbox name=tools \
style='display:inline;width:auto;margin:1px;' \
title='' %showpanel% \
onclick='document.getElementById(\"%id%_%toolid%_panel\").style.display=this.checked?\"block\":\"none\"; \
if (this.checked) config.macros.tidIDE.loadPanel(\"%id%\",\"%toolid%\");'>%toolname% \
";
//}}}
//{{{
config.macros.tidIDE.html.toolspanel = " \
<div id='%id%_%toolid%_panel' style='display:%showpanel%;margin:0;margin-top:0.5em'> \
</div> \
";
//}}}
//{{{
config.macros.tidIDE.html.systempanel = " \
<div id='%id%_systempanel' style='display:%showpanel%;margin:0;margin-top:0.5em;white-space:nowrap'> \
<form id='%id%_systemform' style='display:inline;margin:0;padding:0;'> \
<!-- configurable options --> \
<table style='width:100%;border:0;padding:0;margin:0'><tr style='border:0;padding:0;margin:0'> \
<td style='width:30%;border:0;padding:0;margin:0'> \
<select size=1 name='sys_opts' style='width:100%;font-size:%fontsize%;' \
onchange='this.form.config_view.value=this.value'> \
<option value=\"\">config.options.*</option> \
</select> \
</td><td style='width:50%;border:0;padding:0;margin:0;'> \
<input type=text name='config_view' size=60 style='width:99%;font-size:%fontsize%;' value=''> \
</td><td style='width:20%;white-space:nowrap;border:0;padding:0;margin:0;'> \
<input type=button style='width:50%;' value='set option' title='save this TiddlyWiki option value' \
onclick='config.macros.tidIDE.setsys(\"%id%\");config.macros.tidIDE.getsys(\"%id%\");'><!-- \
--><input type=button style='width:50%;' value='refresh' title='retrieve current options and system values' \
onclick='this.form.sysview.style.display=\"none\"; config.macros.tidIDE.getsys(\"%id%\");'> \
</td></tr><tr style='border:0;padding:0;margin:0'><td colspan=3 \
style='white-space:nowrap;width:100%;border:0;padding:0;margin:0'> \
<!-- system objects --> \
<select size=1 name='sys_styles' style='width:25%;font-size:%fontsize%;' \
onchange='this.form.sysview.style.display=\"block\"; this.form.%id%_sysview.value=this.value'> \
<option value=\"\">stylesheets...</option> \
</select><select size=1 name='sys_shadows' style='width:25%;font-size:%fontsize%;' \
onchange='this.form.sysview.style.display=\"block\"; this.form.%id%_sysview.value=this.value'> \
<option value=\"\">shadows...</option> \
</select><select size=1 name='sys_notify' style='width:25%;font-size:%fontsize%;' \
onchange='this.form.sysview.style.display=\"block\"; this.form.%id%_sysview.value=this.value'> \
<option value=\"\">notifications...</option> \
</select><select size=1 name='sys_globals' style='width:25%;font-size:%fontsize%;' \
onchange='this.form.sysview.style.display=\"block\"; this.form.%id%_sysview.value=this.value'> \
<option value=\"\">globals...</option> \
</select><br><select size=1 name='sys_macros' style='width:25%;font-size:%fontsize%;' \
onchange='this.form.sysview.style.display=\"block\"; this.form.%id%_sysview.value=this.value'> \
<option value=\"\">macros...</option> \
</select><select size=1 name='sys_commands' style='width:25%;font-size:%fontsize%;' \
onchange='this.form.sysview.style.display=\"block\"; this.form.%id%_sysview.value=this.value'> \
<option value=\"\">toolbars...</option> \
</select><select size=1 name='sys_formatters' style='width:25%;font-size:%fontsize%;' \
onchange='this.form.sysview.style.display=\"block\"; this.form.%id%_sysview.value=this.value'> \
<option value=\"\">wikifiers...</option> \
</select><select size=1 name='sys_params' style='width:25%;font-size:%fontsize%;' \
onchange='this.form.sysview.style.display=\"block\"; this.form.%id%_sysview.value=this.value'> \
<option value=\"\">paramifiers...</option> \
</select> \
<!-- system value display area --> \
<span style='white-space:normal;'><textarea id='%id%_sysview' name=sysview cols=60 rows=12 \
onfocus='this.select()' style='width:99.5%;height:16em;font-size:%fontsize%;font-family:%fontface%;display:none'></textarea></span> \
</td></tr></table> \
</form> \
</div> \
";
//}}}
//{{{
config.macros.tidIDE.html.editorpanel = " \
<div id='%id%_editorpanel' style='display:%showpanel%;margin:0;margin-top:0.5em'> \
<form id='%id%_editorform' style='display:inline;margin:0;padding:0;'> \
<!-- tiddler editor list and buttons --> \
<select size=1 name=tiddlers style='display:inline;width:40%;font-size:%fontsize%;' \
onchange='config.macros.tidIDE.set(\"%id%\",this.value); this.value=this.form.current;'> \
<option value=''>select a tiddler...</option> \
%tiddlerlist% \
</select><!-- \
--><input name=add type=button style='display:inline;width:10%' \
value='new' title='create a new tiddler' \
onclick='config.macros.tidIDE.add(\"%id%\")' %disabled%><!-- \
--><input name=remove type=button style='display:inline;width:10%' \
value='remove' title='delete this tiddler' \
onclick='config.macros.tidIDE.remove(\"%id%\")' %disabled%><!-- \
--><input name=save type=button style='display:inline;width:10%' \
value='save' title='save changes to this tiddler' \
onclick='config.macros.tidIDE.save(\"%id%\")' %disabled%><!-- \
--><input name=saveas type=button style='display:inline;width:10%' \
value='save as' title='save changes to a new tiddler' \
onclick='config.macros.tidIDE.save(\"%id%\",true)' %disabled%><!-- \
--><input name=view type=button style='display:inline;width:10%' \
value='open' title='open this tiddler for regular viewing' \
onclick='if (!this.form.current.length) return; story.displayTiddler(null,this.form.current)'><!-- \
--><!-- COMMENTED OUT <input name=run type=button style='display:inline;width:9%' \
value='run' title='evaluate this tiddler as a javascript \"systemConfig\" plugin' \
onclick='if (!confirm(config.macros.tidIDE.evalMsg.format([this.form.current]))) return false; \
var err=processConfig(this.form.content.value); \
if(err)displayMessage(config.messages.customConfigError.format([err,this.form.current]));'> END COMMENT --><!-- \
--><input name=previewbutton type=button style='display:inline;width:10%;' \
value='preview' title='show \"live\" preview display' \
onclick='document.getElementById(\"%id%_previewpanel\").style.display=\"block\"; \
this.form.preview.checked=true; config.macros.tidIDE.render(\"%id%\")'><!-- \
hidden field for preview show/hide state: \
--><input name=preview type=checkbox style='display:none;'>\
<!-- tiddler content edit --> \
<div><textarea id='%id%_content' name='content' edit='text' cols=60 rows=%maxrows% \
style='width:100%;font-size:%fontsize%;font-family:%fontface%;' \
onkeyup='var f=this.form; f.dirty=true; f.size.value=this.value.length+\" bytes\"; \
var p=document.getElementById(\"%id%_preview\"); \
if (f.preview.checked && !f.freeze.checked) { config.macros.tidIDE.render(\"%id%\"); }'></textarea></div> \
<!-- tag edit and droplist --> \
<table width='100%' style='border:0;padding:0;margin:0'><tr style='border:0;padding:0;margin:0'> \
<td style='border:0;padding:0;margin:0'> \
<input type=text name=tags size=60 style='width:100%;font-size:%fontsize%;' value='' \
onchange='this.form.dirty=true' %disabled%> \
</td><td width='1' style='border:0;padding:0;margin:0;'> \
<select size=1 name=taglist style='font-size:%fontsize%;' \
onchange='this.form.dirty=true; this.form.tags.value+=\" \"+this.value' %disabled%> \
<option value=''>select tags...</option> \
%taglist% \
</select> \
</td></tr></table> \
<!-- created/modified dates, author, current tiddler size --> \
<div style='float:right;'> \
created <input type=text name=created size=15 \
style='display:inline;font-size:%fontsize%;text-align:center;padding:0;' value='' \
onchange='this.form.dirty=true' %minoredits%> \
modified <input type=text name=modified size=15 \
style='display:inline;font-size:%fontsize%;text-align:center;padding:0;' value='' \
onchange='this.form.dirty=true;' %minoredits%> \
by <input type=text name=author size=15 \
style='display:inline;font-size:%fontsize%;padding:0;' value='' \
onfocus='this.select()' onchange='this.form.dirty=true' %minoredits%> \
<input type=text name=size size=10 \
style='display:inline;font-size:%fontsize%;text-align:center;padding:0;' value='' \
onfocus='this.blur()' onkeydown='return false' DISABLED> \
</div> \
<!-- toggles: read-only, minor edit --> \
<span style='white-space:nowrap'> \
<input type=checkbox name=readonly \
style='display:inline;width:auto;margin:1px;' %readonlychk% \
title='do not allow tiddler changes to be saved' \
onclick='readOnly=config.options.chkHttpReadOnly=this.checked;saveOptionCookie(\"chkHttpReadOnly\"); \
var f=this.form; f.minoredits.disabled=f.tags.disabled=f.taglist.disabled=this.checked; \
f.add.disabled=f.remove.disabled=f.save.disabled=f.saveas.disabled=this.checked; \
f.created.disabled=f.modified.disabled=f.author.disabled=this.checked||!f.minoredits.checked;'>readonly \
<input type=checkbox name=minoredits \
style='display:inline;width:auto;margin:1px;' %disabled% %minorchk% \
title='check: save datestamps/author as entered, uncheck: auto-update modified/author' \
onclick='this.form.created.disabled=this.form.modified.disabled=this.form.author.disabled=!this.checked; \
config.options.chkForceMinorUpdate=this.checked;saveOptionCookie(\"chkForceMinorUpdate\");'>minor edits \
</span> \
<!-- tiddler preview display --> \
<div id='%id%_previewpanel' style='display:none;white-space:nowrap'> \
<div id='%id%_preview' class='viewer' style='margin:0;margin-top:.5em;height:25em;overflow:auto;white-space:normal'> \
\
</div> \
<!-- DOM and HTML viewers --> \
<textarea id='%id%_domview' name=domview cols=60 rows=12 wrap=off \
onfocus='this.select()' style='display:none;width:100%;height:16em;font-size:%fontsize%;'></textarea><!-- \
--><textarea id='%id%_htmlview' name=htmlview cols=60 rows=12 wrap=off \
onfocus='this.select()' style='display:none;width:100%;height:16em;font-size:%fontsize%;'></textarea> \
<!-- status line, preview option checkboxes, run/refresh buttons --> \
<table width='100%' style='border:0;padding:0;margin:0'><tr style='border:0;padding:0;margin:0'> \
<td style='border:0;padding:0;margin:0'> \
<input type=text '%id%_status' name=status style='padding:0;width:100%;font-size:%fontsize%;'> \
</td><td style='width:1%;border:0;padding:0;margin:0;text-align:right;white-space:nowrap'> \
<input type=checkbox name=dom style='display:inline;width:auto;margin:1px;' \
title='show Document Object Model (DOM) information' \
onclick='config.macros.tidIDE.renderDOM(\"%id%\");'>DOM \
<input type=checkbox name=html style='display:inline;width:auto;margin:1px;' \
title='show rendered HTML' \
onclick='config.macros.tidIDE.renderHTML(\"%id%\");'>HTML \
<input type=checkbox name=freeze style='display:inline;width:auto;margin:1px;' \
title='do not update preview display as changes are made' \
onclick='var p=document.getElementById(\"%id%_preview\"); \
if (this.checked) this.form.status.value+=config.macros.tidIDE.freezeMsg; \
else config.macros.tidIDE.render(\"%id%\");'>freeze \
<!-- COMMENTED OUT <input type=button style='display:inline;width:auto;' value='run' \
title='evaluate this tiddler as a javascript \"systemConfig\" plugin' \
onclick='if (!confirm(config.macros.tidIDE.evalMsg.format([this.form.current]))) return false; \
var err=processConfig(this.form.content.value); \
if(err)displayMessage(config.messages.customConfigError.format([err,this.form.current]));'> END COMMENT --><!-- \
--><input type=button style='display:inline;width:auto;' value='refresh' \
title='update preview display' \
onclick='config.macros.tidIDE.render(\"%id%\")'><!-- \
--><input type=button style='display:inline;width:auto;' value='hide' \
title='hide preview display' \
onclick='document.getElementById(\"%id%_previewpanel\").style.display=\"none\"; \
this.form.preview.checked=false; config.macros.tidIDE.render(\"%id%\")'> \
</td></tr></table> \
</div> \
</form> \
</div> \
";
//}}}
function generateSEOFiles()
{
// last update: 2007-02-14 by Fabrice Proudhon
// http://www.superphysique.net#%5B%5BSEO%20TiddlyWiki%20Plugin%5D%5D
var originalPath = document.location.toString();
if(originalPath.substr(0,5) != "file:")
{
alert(config.messages.notFileUrlError);
if(store.tiddlerExists(config.messages.saveInstructions))
story.displayTiddler(null,config.messages.saveInstructions);
return;
}
var y = [];
var g = [];
var localPath = getLocalPath(originalPath);
var c = store.getTiddlerText("SEOTiddlyWikiConfig");
var su = store.getTiddlerText("SiteUrl");
var st = wikifyPlain("SiteTitle");
var sbt = wikifyPlain("SiteSubtitle");
var htmlPath = localPath.substr(0,localPath.lastIndexOf("\\"));
var tiddlers = store.getTiddlers("modified","excludeSearch");
g.push('<url><loc>' + su.htmlEncode() + '</loc></url>');
y.push(su.htmlEncode());
for (var t=0; t<tiddlers.length; t++) {
var content = c;
var filename = tiddlers[t].title.htmlEncode();
filename = filename.toLowerCase();
filename = filename.replace(/ |\/|@/gi, '-');
filename = filename.replace(/(-)\1+/gi, '$1');
content = content.replace(/SITE_TITLE/gi, st.htmlEncode());
content = content.replace(/SITE_SUBTITLE/gi, sbt.htmlEncode());
content = content.replace(/TIDDLER_TITLE/gi, tiddlers[t].title.htmlEncode());
content = content.replace(/TIDDLER_URL/gi, su.htmlEncode() + '#' + String.encodeTiddlyLink(tiddlers[t].title));
content = content.replace(/TIDDLER_KEYWORDS/gi, tiddlers[t].tags.join(',').htmlEncode());
content = content.replace(/TIDDLER_CONTENT/gi, wikifyStatic(tiddlers[t].text,null,tiddlers[t]).htmlEncode());
content = content.replace(/</gi, '<');
content = content.replace(/>/gi, '>');
content = content.replace(/"/gi, '"');
var d = tiddlers[t].modified.getFullYear() + '-';
if (tiddlers[t].modified.getMonth() + 1 < 10) d = d + '0';
d = d + (tiddlers[t].modified.getMonth() + 1) + '-';
if (tiddlers[t].modified.getDate() < 10) d = d + '0';
d = d + tiddlers[t].modified.getDate();
for (var ta=0; ta<tiddlers[t].tags.length; ta++) {
var tag = tiddlers[t].tags[ta].toLowerCase();
g.push('<url><loc>' + su.htmlEncode() + escape(tag) + '/' + escape(filename) + '.htm' + '</loc><lastmod>' + d + '</lastmod></url>');
y.push(su.htmlEncode() + escape(tag) + '/' + escape(filename) + '.htm');
saveFile(htmlPath + '\\' + tag + '\\' + filename + '.htm', convertUnicodeToUTF8(content));
}
}
saveFile(htmlPath + '\\urllist.txt', convertUnicodeToUTF8(y.join('\n')));
saveFile(htmlPath + '\\sitemap.xml', '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><urlset xmlns="http://www.google.com/schemas/sitemap/0.84">\n' + convertUnicodeToUTF8(g.join('\n')) + '</urlset>');
displayMessage('SEO files created', '');
}
iddlySnip is a Firefox extension that lets you use your TiddlyWiki as a scrapbook! Simply select text, right click and choose 'TiddlySnip selection'. Next time you open your TiddlyWiki file, your snippets will be there, already tagged and organised.
Source: [[TiddlySnip - About|http://tiddlysnip.com/#About]]
[[systemConfig]]
[[System configuration]]
!Collapsible titles
That is, open a few related documents and see ony the titles.
Click to expand.
This would be a way of creating and displaying category lists.
----
!Use MiniBrowser as a way of keeping a handy list of most frequented sites
/***
|Name|ToggleSideBarMacro|
|Created by|SaqImtiaz|
|Location|http://tw.lewcid.org/#ToggleSideBarMacro|
|Version|1.0|
|Requires|~TW2.x|
!Description:
Provides a button for toggling visibility of the SideBar. You can choose whether the SideBar should initially be hidden or displayed.
!Demo
<<toggleSideBar "Toggle Sidebar">>
!Usage:
{{{<<toggleSideBar>>}}} <<toggleSideBar>>
additional options:
{{{<<toggleSideBar label tooltip show/hide>>}}} where:
label = custom label for the button,
tooltip = custom tooltip for the button,
show/hide = use one or the other, determines whether the sidebar is shown at first or not.
(default is to show the sidebar)
You can add it to your tiddler toolbar, your MainMenu, or where you like really.
If you are using a horizontal MainMenu and want the button to be right aligned, put the following in your StyleSheet:
{{{ .HideSideBarButton {float:right;} }}}
!History
*23-07-06: version 1.0: completely rewritten, now works with custom stylesheets too, and easier to customize start behaviour.
*20-07-06: version 0.11
*27-04-06: version 0.1: working.
!Code
***/
//{{{
config.macros.toggleSideBar={};
config.macros.toggleSideBar.settings={
styleHide : "#sidebar { display: none;}\n"+"#contentWrapper #displayArea { margin-right: 1em;}\n"+"",
styleShow : " ",
arrow1: "«",
arrow2: "»"
};
config.macros.toggleSideBar.handler=function (place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler)
{
var tooltip= params[1]||'toggle sidebar';
var mode = (params[2] && params[2]=="hide")? "hide":"show";
var arrow = (mode == "hide")? this.settings.arrow1:this.settings.arrow2;
var label= (params[0]&¶ms[0]!='.')?params[0]+" "+arrow:arrow;
var theBtn = createTiddlyButton(place,label,tooltip,this.onToggleSideBar,"button HideSideBarButton");
if (mode == "hide")
{
(document.getElementById("sidebar")).setAttribute("toggle","hide");
setStylesheet(this.settings.styleHide,"ToggleSideBarStyles");
}
};
config.macros.toggleSideBar.onToggleSideBar = function(){
var sidebar = document.getElementById("sidebar");
var settings = config.macros.toggleSideBar.settings;
if (sidebar.getAttribute("toggle")=='hide')
{
setStylesheet(settings.styleShow,"ToggleSideBarStyles");
sidebar.setAttribute("toggle","show");
this.firstChild.data= (this.firstChild.data).replace(settings.arrow1,settings.arrow2);
}
else
{
setStylesheet(settings.styleHide,"ToggleSideBarStyles");
sidebar.setAttribute("toggle","hide");
this.firstChild.data= (this.firstChild.data).replace(settings.arrow2,settings.arrow1);
}
return false;
}
setStylesheet(".HideSideBarButton .button {font-weight:bold; padding: 0 5px;}\n","ToggleSideBarButtonStyles");
//}}}
/***
| Name|ToggleTagPlugin|
| Description|Makes a checkbox which toggles a tag in a tiddler|
| Version|3.0 ($Rev: 1845 $)|
| Date|$Date: 2007-03-16 15:19:22 +1000 (Fri, 16 Mar 2007) $|
| Source|http://tiddlyspot.com/mptw/#ToggleTagMacro|
| Author|Simon Baird <simon.baird@gmail.com>|
| License|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#TheBSDLicense|
!Usage
{{{<<toggleTag }}}//{{{TagName TiddlerName LabelText}}}//{{{>>}}}
* TagName - the tag to be toggled, default value "checked"
* TiddlerName - the tiddler to toggle the tag in, default value the current tiddler
* LabelText - the text (gets wikified) to put next to the check box, default value is '{{{[[TagName]]}}}' or '{{{[[TagName]] [[TiddlerName]]}}}'
(If a parameter is '.' then the default will be used)
Examples:
|Code|Description|Example|h
|{{{<<toggleTag>>}}}|Toggles the default tag (checked) in this tiddler|<<toggleTag>>|
|{{{<<toggleTag TagName>>}}}|Toggles the TagName tag in this tiddler|<<toggleTag TagName>>|
|{{{<<toggleTag TagName TiddlerName>>}}}|Toggles the TagName tag in the TiddlerName tiddler|<<toggleTag TagName TiddlerName>>|
|{{{<<toggleTag TagName TiddlerName 'click me'>>}}}|Same but with custom label|<<toggleTag TagName TiddlerName 'click me'>>|
|{{{<<toggleTag . . 'click me'>>}}}|dot means use default value|<<toggleTag . . 'click me'>>|
Notes:
* If TiddlerName doesn't exist it will be silently created
* Set label to '-' to specify no label
* See also http://mgtd-alpha.tiddlyspot.com/#ToggleTag2
!Known issues
* Doesn't smoothly handle the case where you toggle a tag in a tiddler that is current open for editing
***/
//{{{
merge(config.macros,{
toggleTag: {
doRefreshAll: true,
createIfRequired: true,
shortLabel: "[[%0]]",
longLabel: "[[%0]] [[%1]]",
handler: function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
var tag = (params[0] && params[0] != '.') ? params[0] : "checked";
var title = (params[1] && params[1] != '.') ? params[1] : tiddler.title;
var defaultLabel = (title == tiddler.title ? this.shortLabel : this.longLabel);
var label = (params[2] && params[2] != '.') ? params[2] : defaultLabel;
label = (label == '-' ? '' : label);
var theTiddler = title == tiddler.title ? tiddler : store.getTiddler(title);
var cb = createTiddlyCheckbox(place, label.format([tag,title]), theTiddler && theTiddler.isTagged(tag), function(e) {
if (!store.tiddlerExists(title)) {
if (config.macros.toggleTag.createIfRequired) {
var content = store.getTiddlerText(title); // just in case it's a shadow
store.saveTiddler(title,title,content?content:"",config.options.txtUserName,new Date(),null);
}
else
return false;
}
store.setTiddlerTag(title,this.checked,tag);
return true;
});
}
}
});
//}}}
!Black and Decker Jigsaw KS630
[[Product details|http://service.blackanddecker.co.uk/Products/ProductDetailBDK.aspx?ProductID=1248&BOMRegionID=1]]
370w
60mm
!Using a jigsaw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yJrgi20PLVg
!Black and Decker Circular Saw BD227
[[Product details|http://service.blackanddecker.co.uk/Products/ProductDetailBDK.aspx?ProductID=1248&BOMRegionID=1]]
[[Spare parts|http://toolsandpartsdirect.co.uk/Black--Decker-BD227-Type-1-Circ.-Saw-Spare-Parts__p-1651.aspx]]
*How to adjust the blade depth
Undo the black knob and pull the plate down to wherever you want and then tighten the black knob up again
550w
40mm
http://www.devonbuy.com/black-decker-ks630-jigsaw/
!Cotech Random Orbital Sander from Clas Ohlson
Uses Cocraft 125 mm Sanding Discs - https://www.clasohlson.com/uk/Cocraft-125-mm-Sanding-Discs-25-pack/30-9028
!Guild 300w oscillating multi-tool
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8jZKM-SR7yk
https://www.sparetoolparts.co.uk/bosch/wood-working/sanders/delta-sander/bosch-pda-100-a-spare-parts-list-type-0603307042.html
!!Torque wrenches
https://blog.mountztorque.com/torque-wrench/choosing-the-best-automotive-torque-wrench-what-you-need-to-know/
!Bargains
http://www.moneysavingexpert.com/deals/cheap-coach-train-ticket-deals
!Find routes and fares
https://www.takethetrain.co.uk
http://www.grandcentralrail.com/
http://www.nationalrail.co.uk
http://ojp.nationalrail.co.uk/service/planjourney/search - gives you ''platform details''
National Rail Enquiries: 08457 48 49 50
National Rail Enquiries from overseas (Please note: International rates apply): +44(0)20 7278 5240
http://www.thetrainline.com
!Find the cheapest fare
http://www.thetrainline.com/farefinder
http://www.splitticketing.co.uk/
http://www.moneysavingexpert.com/split-cheap-train-tickets/
http://www.raileasy.co.uk/home/split-ticketing
!Train companies
http://www.eastcoast.co.uk/
!Train departures
http://traintimes.org.uk/live/ncl
!Local numbers
''Newcastle'' - 0191 2275959
!Buses
http://www.megatrain.com/uk/index.php
http://www.plusbus.info (discount bus ticket boked at the same time as your train ticket)
http://www.nationalexpress.com/coacheslanding.aspx
----
Netwok Rail - http://www.networkrail.co.uk - has comprehensive information on facilities and optios such as sleepers, cycles, animals etc etc
!European trains
www.trainprovence.com
www.serbianrailways.com
An obvious place to start is with ''Travel Agent brochures'' but of course you won't see any user reviews. Good solid starting points for country and location information are the wiki sites.
----
Try doing a ''reverse search'' - find the best accommodation for you on Tripadvisor or via any holiday search and then try booking flight and hotel separately. Or search for the hotel in Google.
----
+++[Holiday ideas]
''Working holiday'' - http://www.helpx.net/index.asp
''House sitting'' - http://www.housecarers.com and http://www.housesitworld.com
===
+++[Guides]
http://www.worldtravelguide.net
http://wikitravel.org/en/Main_Page
http://en.wikipedia.org
===
+++[User reviews]
http://www.tripadvisor.co.uk
http://www.holidaywatchdog.com
http://www.holidays-uncovered.co.uk/
===
+++[Maps]
http://mappery.com and [[Maps and Route Planners]]
http://www.streetatlas.co.uk/
===
+++[Travel Search Engines]
http://www.flightline.co.uk/holidays/
http://www.holidayhypermarket.co.uk
http://www.lowcostholidays.com/
http://www.onthebeach.co.uk/ - flight and hotel (but not transfers etc)
http://www.travel.co.uk/
http://www.travelmood.com/ - exotic places not Europe
http://www.travelrepublic.co.uk/
http://www.travelsupermarket.com/
===
+++[Last Minute Bargains]
http://www.cheapholidaydeals.co.uk/
http://www.lastminute.com
http://www.teletextholidays.co.uk/
===
+++[Travel companies]
[[Dawsons|https://holidayco.co.uk/]]
https://www.jet2.com/
https://www.haystravel.co.uk/
https://www.tui.co.uk/
----
http://www.purpletravel.co.uk/
http://www.co-operativetravel.co.uk
http://www.cosmos-holidays.co.uk/holidays
http://www.firstchoice.co.uk/
http://www.mercury-direct.co.uk/
http://www.thomascook.com/
http://www.virginholidays.co.uk/
===
----
+++[Singles holidays]
So-called singles holidays tend to be overpriced with the only advantage being that you will meet other singles.
http://www.justyou.co.uk - expensive
http://www.singlesholidays.com/
===
+++[Weather]
http://www.holiday-weather.com/
===
+++[Travel Insurance]
http://www.insureandgo.com/travel-insurance
===
----
!Pre-travel essentials
# Insurance
# European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) for free treatment - https://www.ehic.org.uk/Internet/home.do
# ''[[Currency|http://travelmoney.moneysavingexpert.com/holiday-money]]'' ''£1= 1.208 Euros''
# Passport
# Drivers Licence
# Emergency numbers
# Mobile phone abroad - typically ''38p calling'' and ''14p receiving'' and ''10p texting'' (free to receive)
# Book ''Car Hire''
# Book a taxi
!Getting there
[[Bicycle]]
[[Car Travel]]
[[Flights]]
[[Trains]]
[[Taxis]]
!Finding a place to stay
[[Accommodation]]
!Living there
http://www.gumtree.com/
[[Living abroad]]
[[Rent a house]]
Or share a flat.
!Country information
[[China]]
[[Greece]]
[[Italy]]
[[Malta]]
[[Portugal]]
[[Spain]]
[[Switzerland]]
[[Thailand]]
[[Turkey]]
[[UK]]
!Travel gear
[[Water bottles]]
[[Organisers]]
[[Police radar detectors]]
As opportunities in the job market look increasingly more favourable, candidates will find themselves with more employment options to choose from. But they should not just focus on the company, title or job description, but instead on picking the right boss, according to DDI Selection Solutions.
"The supervisor is pivotal for an individual's professional development, career growth and job engagement," says Scott Erker of DDI said. "No one leaves a job - they leave their manager." In fact, DDI's research shows that only 6% of employees leave a job because of poor pay and benefits, while over half leave because of their boss.
But in recruitment situations that are typically one-sided with the interviewer leading the way, how can a candidate learn more about the person they could potentially work for?
"You have to be prepared with questions that will give you insight on their specific leadership behaviours," Erker said. "You need to know how they delegate, what kind of coach they are, and how they promote the success of their team members."
There are some key traits that everyone should look for in a boss. Someone who builds trust, provides valuable feedback, shares the vision and values of the organisation, inspires others, develops a successful team and coaches others to succeed.
However, job seekers should also be aware of those personal behaviours that break down confidence and destroy team morale. A boss who demonstrates arrogance, volatility and perfectionism, for example, is unlikely to make an employee's development plan a top priority.
So how do you uncover if they are a manager who hogs the success spotlight or keeps the best tasks for themselves? During the interview, ask for examples of times they have coached, delegated or provided feedback to learn about their specific leadership qualities and how they manage their team. Employers always give candidates a chance to ask questions, and meaningful questions will impress the employer about the candidate's attitude and, at the same time, provide the candidate with insight into their leadership disposition.
Another information-gathering strategy is to meet people on the team. Inquire about conducting an informal conversation with one person or attending a team meeting. While the boss may be on their best behaviour, there is a lot to be learned about the team dynamics and how they interact with their line-manager.
Questions to ask a potential boss before taking the job
When did a member of your team experience a successful result and what coaching did you provide?
What techniques have you used to get your team to work together effectively?
Can you tell me about a time when you've given someone positive feedback, and a time you've given someone negative feedback? How have you handled that?
If I had an opportunity to talk with a few of the people who report to you, what would they say your strengths are? Your “areas for development”?
When big changes occur in the organisation, how have you communicated those changes and their impact to your team?
How long have you been a "leader" and in what types of jobs/projects?
Tell me about a time you delegated an important project. How did you decide who to give it to and how did you follow up? What sort of decisions will be mine to make? Yours to make?
How do you reward good work outside of monetary compensation?
How many of your staff have been promoted in the past three years? What role did you play?
!Brie Per 100g
calories 319, fat 26.9g (saturates 16.8g), calcium 540mg
Despite its fat-laden reputation, Brie is less fat-rich than Cheddar or Stilton and has good levels of calcium. It is also a reasonable source of zinc, needed for a healthy skin, immune system and reproductive health. The soft rind is rich in vitamin B1 (thiamin), so it is best to eat it rather than throw it away.
Health rating: ***
!Camembert Per 100g
calories 297, fat (saturates) 23.7g (14.8g), calcium 350mg
This rich and creamy cheese actually has a third less fat and a quarter less calories than Cheddar. It is unusually high in folic acid and, for a soft cheese, is rich in calcium. The edible rind is rich in thiamin, which is
needed for energy release and healthy nerves.
Health rating: ***
!Cheddar Per 100g
calories 412, fat 34.4g (saturates 21.7g), calcium 720mg
Cheddar is one of the highest-fat cheeses, which is bad news considering it's also one of our favourites. However, it is a great supplier of calcium and provides respectable quantities of zinc. Orange Cheddar is simply white Cheddar with added orange colouring.
Health rating: ** to ***
!Half-fat Cheddar Per 100g
calories 261, fat 15g (9.4g), calcium 840mg
This is not only lower in fat than normal Cheddar, it's also higher in protein, calcium and zinc. On the downside, it's lower in the fat-soluble vitamins A and D.
Health rating: ****
!Cottage Cheese Per 100g
calories 98, fat 3.9g (saturates 2.4g), calcium 73mg
The only truly low-fat cheese, with about the same fat content as skinless chicken breast. The reduced-fat version is even more virtuous, with only 78 calories per 100g, making it ideal for slimmers. But cottage cheese is very low in calcium compared with other cheeses.
Health rating: ***
!Cream Cheese Per 100g
calories 439, fat 47.4g (29.7g), calcium 98mg
This is about the unhealthiest cheese of the lot. It has a level of fat and saturates equal to double cream, but a calcium content of only a seventh of that of Cheddar.
Health rating: *
!Crème fraiche
Crème fraiche is a mature, thickened cream. It has a slightly tart flavor, close to sour cream but a bit sweeter. Unlike sour cream it won't curdle if boiled and it can be whipped like fresh cream.
You can make crème fraiche at home:
Mix 1 cup (250ml) heavy cream with 1/2 cup sour cream. Cover and let sit at room temperature 12 - 24 hours. Stir, cover again and refrigerate for 6 - 10 hours before using. will keep up to 2 weeks in the refrigerator
substitutions: Greek yogurt, plain yogurt, (both lower in fat); sour cream
!Edam Per 100g
calories 333, fat 25.4g (15.9g), calcium 770mg
Edam has a medium amount of fat and calories but an excellent calcium content - higher than Cheddar. Unfortunately, its sodium content is particularly high - a factor to take into account if you have a family history of high blood pressure.
Health rating: ***
!Feta Per 100g
calories 250, fat 20.2g (13.7g), calcium 360mg
Classic Greek cheese made with sheep's milk and may be suitable for people with a cow's milk allergy. Has a middling amount of calcium but fewer calories than half-fat Cheddar and only a third more fat. However, has a very high sodium content: 100g supplies two-thirds the recommended daily intake for women.
Health rating: ***
!Flora Alternative To Cheddar Per 100g
calories 409, fat 34.5g (8.5g),calcium 700mg
Made using technology that swaps some of the highly saturated buttermilk for sunflower oil. Has as much calcium as full-fat Cheddar but 60 pc less saturated fat and 90 pc less cholesterol. But it is still a high-fat product and should be eaten in moderation.
Health rating: ****
!Fromage Frais:
Fromage frais is a soft, fresh cheese, similar in taste to cream cheese but much lower in fat. It's smooth and creamy. It is not the same as Fromage Blanc.
Substitutions: Ricotta, cottage cheese, (both also low in fat); cream cheese
!Fromage Blanc:
Fromage blanc has the consistency of sour cream with a slightly less tart flavor and fewer calories. It can be whipped to make it fluffy (sour cream can't be whipped) and is often used in desserts with fresh fruit. It is less tart than either Greek or plain yogurt.
It is not the same as Fromage Frais.
Substitutions: Greek yogurt, plain yogurt (both low in fat); crème fraiche, sour cream
!Mascarpone:
Mascarpone is a triple cream, high fat Italian cheese; an integral ingredient to Tiramisu. It is has only slightly less fat than butter
Substitutions: 1/2 ricotta and 1/2 heavy cream; crème fraiche
!Mozzarella Per 100g
calories 301, fat 25g (19g), calcium 515mg
This is a medium-fat cheese which can be disproportionately high in undesirable saturates. However, has a good calcium content and its stringy nature means a little goes a long way.
Health rating ***
!Parmesan Per 100g
calories 452, fat 32.7g (20.5g), calcium 1,200mg
Richer in protein than many cheeses and contains about the same amount of fat as Cheddar. It is amazingly high in calcium and just 10g grated over pasta supplies 15 pc of the recommended daily allowance (RDA).
Health rating: *****
!Philadelphia Per 100g
calories 313, fat 31g (19.4g), calcium 110mg
This full-fat soft cheese has marginally less fat than Cheddar but is much lower in calcium. A healthier alternative is Philadelphia Light with only half the fat and saturate content. Both contain the additive E410, a
stabiliser made from locust beans.
Health rating ** (full fat) *** (reduced fat)
!Quark:
Quark is the German equivalent to Fromage Frais.
!Ricotta Per 100g
calories 185, fat 14.8g (9.3g), calcium 210mg
Ricotta is a soft Italian fresh cheese, slightly grainy and naturally low in fat. It is used in desserts and pasta dishes
Substitutions: cottage cheese, fromage frais.
A fresh unripened cheese made from the whey of cow's milk, ricotta is naturally much lower in fat than many cheeses. It contains low to medium amounts of calcium but is also low in salt, so is a good choice for people watching their sodium intake.
Health rating ****
!Stilton Per 100g
calories 411, fat 35.5g (22.2g), calcium 320mg
Similar in fat and calorie content to Cheddar, but has less than half the calcium content. It can also be very high in sodium, but a plus point is a high amount of folic acid, now thought to lower heart disease risk. Weight for weight, Stilton has the same amount of this vitamin as broccoli.
Health rating: ** to ***
!Swiss Per 100g (approx)
calories 400, fat 30g (20g), calcium 1,000mg
Typical Swiss cheeses such as Gruyere and Emmental are very high in protein, with a correspondingly high mineral content. A matchbox-sized piece (30g) provides more than 40 pc of the RDA for calcium and one-tenth of the RDA for zinc.
!!Emmental
45% fat, [[Calories|http://fddb.info/db/en/food/dairy_emmental_cheese_45percent_fat_idm/]] 397 kcal, Protein 29 g, Carbohydrates 0 g, Fat 31.4 g
http://www.northumberlandnationalpark.org.uk
http://www.transportdirect.info
!Cities
[[Newcastle]]
[[London]]
[[Reading]]
[[Glasgow]]
!Local
http://www.simplygo.com/all-services/ad122
Treatment Price List
Guide to private dental fees
Simple check up/advice £20.00
Consultation & X rays £40.00
Temporary repair £10.00
Tooth Whitening (per arch) £180.00
Surgery time per hour £160.00
£0.00
Preventive care
Hygienist session £20.00
Veneers / Crowns / Bridges
Porcelain jacket crown £200.00
Porcelain bonded / gold crown £250.00
Porcelain Veneer £200.00
Bridgework (per unit) £250.00
Surgical treatment (per hour) £160.00
Additional fee for sedation
Hour sedation session £50.00
Dentures etc.
Full dentures (approx) £350.00
Partial denture (from) £125.00
Mouth Guard £25.00
!Bad experiences
*Giant
http://www.giantgroup.com/
£112 per month CHAPS
0800 0921011
Xara = contact
zara.forsyth@giantgroup.com
Provides Professional Indemnity, web view of transactions, payment via CHAPS,
JSA
*Prosperity 4
http://www.prosperity4.com
Salary check - 3751.76 or 3494.39 or 2868.38 (if I am not doing b&b)
£26 food and drink
car mileage no receipts
£75 b&b no receipts
Fee = 6% of Gross! = £60 a week / £240 month
P4 - IMHO
Dignatio
!Efficient and fair Umbrella Companies
http://www.parasolit.co.uk/
£55 per months BACS payment or £90 via CHAPS
Salary check - £2913
Receipted expenses
Receipted Travelling
Car parking
Rail fares
Tolls
Subsistence (Hotels, Meals)
Specific Professional Subscriptions
Office Stationery
A proportion of phone bills
Congestion Charging and Eyesight Tests.
Gisela Stuart MP (Sky 1 Aug 3pm)
[source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Jackson_Society]
The Henry Jackson Society is a non-partisan, charitable, society or think tank that aims to promote 'democratic geopolitics'. It is based at Peterhouse, a college of the University of Cambridge, in the United Kingdom. Named after former U.S. Senator Henry M. Jackson, a Democrat from Washington State, the society advocates a proactive approach to the spread of liberal democracy across the world, including, when necessary, by military intervention, and conducts research into questions related to this goal.
[source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Jackson_Society]
It has many high-profile signatories to its statement of principles, including the Members of Parliament Michael Ancram, Michael Gove, Greg Pope, Edward Vaizey, David Willetts, Denis MacShane, Gisela Stuart, former MPs David Trimble, Jackie Lawrence, as well as Sir Richard Dearlove - former head of the British Secret Intelligence Service, and presently Master of Pembroke College, Cambridge - and Irwin Stelzer, Rupert Murdoch's friend. Notable patrons include Richard Perle and William Kristol - two of the leading lights in the American neoconservative movement, and James Woolsey - former Director of the Central Intelligence Agency.
| 26/1/2009 19:36:4 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/0%20Active/1keywikis/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|file:///E:/0%20Active/1keywikis/store.php]] | /wikis/ | homepage.html | |
| 26/1/2009 19:37:27 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/0%20Active/1keywikis/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|file:///E:/0%20Active/1keywikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 26/1/2009 19:37:43 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/0%20Active/1keywikis/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|file:///E:/0%20Active/1keywikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 26/1/2009 19:39:38 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/0%20Active/1keywikis/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|file:///E:/0%20Active/1keywikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 26/1/2009 19:41:9 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/0%20Active/1keywikis/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|file:///E:/0%20Active/1keywikis/store.php]] | /public_html/wikis/ | homepage.html | |
| 26/1/2009 19:43:33 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/0%20Active/1keywikis/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|file:///E:/0%20Active/1keywikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 26/1/2009 19:44:0 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/0%20Active/1keywikis/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | | Ok |
| 2/2/2009 23:37:18 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/0%20Active/1keywikis/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 12/11/2009 21:12:12 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///e:/0%20Active/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | | Ok |
| 12/11/2009 21:21:42 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///e:/0%20Active/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 16/12/2009 22:36:33 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///e:/0%20Active/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 20/12/2009 21:9:14 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///e:/0%20Active/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html#Chinese]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 29/12/2009 22:55:29 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///e:/0%20Active/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 29/12/2009 22:57:2 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///e:/0%20Active/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 30/12/2009 19:46:28 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///e:/0%20Active/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | | Ok |
| 30/12/2009 19:49:29 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///e:/0%20Active/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 28/4/2010 21:11:0 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///e:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 6/5/2010 16:49:15 | Keith | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | | Ok |
| 6/5/2010 17:7:9 | Keith | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 6/5/2010 17:16:17 | Keith | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 9/5/2010 15:51:51 | Keith | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 18/5/2010 17:51:7 | Keith | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 18/5/2010 20:43:16 | Keith | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 21/5/2010 12:57:26 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 21/5/2010 12:58:34 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | | Ok |
| 21/5/2010 13:0:55 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | | Ok |
| 27/5/2010 16:40:23 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 2/6/2010 12:34:9 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php |http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php ]] | | homepage.html | | Ok |
| 2/6/2010 12:43:3 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php |http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php ]] | | homepage.html | | Ok |
| 12/7/2010 15:45:24 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 12/7/2010 15:45:49 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 7/8/2010 22:25:15 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 11/9/2010 16:9:49 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 14/10/2010 16:7:38 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 16/5/2011 19:55:56 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 16/5/2011 19:56:54 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 16/5/2011 22:20:34 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 27/6/2011 13:20:59 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 12/7/2011 21:6:41 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 12/7/2011 21:8:7 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/keithrichardson/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 12/7/2011 21:9:42 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/keithrichardson/store.php]] | /keithrichardson | homepage.html | |
| 12/7/2011 21:11:18 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/keithrichardson/store.php]] | /keithrichardson | homepage.html | |
| 12/7/2011 21:13:49 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/keithrichardson/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 12/7/2011 21:14:37 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | keithrichardson | homepage.html | |
| 12/7/2011 21:15:13 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | /keithrichardson | homepage.html | |
| 12/7/2011 21:16:8 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 12/7/2011 21:16:38 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/keithrichardson/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 12/7/2011 21:19:3 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/keithrichardson/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 25/8/2011 20:35:23 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/keithrichardson/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 25/8/2011 20:40:15 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/keithrichardson/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
| 25/8/2011 20:41:18 | thebizn | [[homepage.html|file:///E:/My%20Dropbox/Public/homepage.html]] | [[store.php|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php]] | | homepage.html | |
/***
|''Name:''|UploadPlugin|
|''Description:''|Save to web a TiddlyWiki|
|''Version:''|3.4.5|
|''Date:''|Oct 15, 2006|
|''Source:''|http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/#UploadPlugin|
|''Documentation:''|http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/#UploadDoc|
|''Author:''|BidiX (BidiX (at) bidix (dot) info)|
|''License:''|[[BSD open source license|http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/#%5B%5BBSD%20open%20source%20license%5D%5D ]]|
|''~CoreVersion:''|2.0.0|
|''Browser:''|Firefox 1.5; InternetExplorer 6.0; Safari|
|''Include:''|config.lib.file; config.lib.log; config.lib.options; PasswordTweak|
|''Require:''|[[UploadService|http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/#UploadService]]|
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.UploadPlugin = {
major: 3, minor: 4, revision: 5,
date: new Date(2006,9,15),
source: 'http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/#UploadPlugin',
documentation: 'http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/#UploadDoc',
author: 'BidiX (BidiX (at) bidix (dot) info',
license: '[[BSD open source license|http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/#%5B%5BBSD%20open%20source%20license%5D%5D]]',
coreVersion: '2.0.0',
browser: 'Firefox 1.5; InternetExplorer 6.0; Safari'
};
//}}}
////+++!![config.lib.file]
//{{{
if (!config.lib) config.lib = {};
if (!config.lib.file) config.lib.file= {
author: 'BidiX',
version: {major: 0, minor: 1, revision: 0},
date: new Date(2006,3,9)
};
config.lib.file.dirname = function (filePath) {
var lastpos;
if ((lastpos = filePath.lastIndexOf("/")) != -1) {
return filePath.substring(0, lastpos);
} else {
return filePath.substring(0, filePath.lastIndexOf("\\"));
}
};
config.lib.file.basename = function (filePath) {
var lastpos;
if ((lastpos = filePath.lastIndexOf("#")) != -1)
filePath = filePath.substring(0, lastpos);
if ((lastpos = filePath.lastIndexOf("/")) != -1) {
return filePath.substring(lastpos + 1);
} else
return filePath.substring(filePath.lastIndexOf("\\")+1);
};
window.basename = function() {return "@@deprecated@@";};
//}}}
////===
////+++!![config.lib.log]
//{{{
if (!config.lib) config.lib = {};
if (!config.lib.log) config.lib.log= {
author: 'BidiX',
version: {major: 0, minor: 1, revision: 1},
date: new Date(2006,8,19)
};
config.lib.Log = function(tiddlerTitle, logHeader) {
if (version.major < 2)
this.tiddler = store.tiddlers[tiddlerTitle];
else
this.tiddler = store.getTiddler(tiddlerTitle);
if (!this.tiddler) {
this.tiddler = new Tiddler();
this.tiddler.title = tiddlerTitle;
this.tiddler.text = "| !date | !user | !location |" + logHeader;
this.tiddler.created = new Date();
this.tiddler.modifier = config.options.txtUserName;
this.tiddler.modified = new Date();
if (version.major < 2)
store.tiddlers[tiddlerTitle] = this.tiddler;
else
store.addTiddler(this.tiddler);
}
return this;
};
config.lib.Log.prototype.newLine = function (line) {
var now = new Date();
var newText = "| ";
newText += now.getDate()+"/"+(now.getMonth()+1)+"/"+now.getFullYear() + " ";
newText += now.getHours()+":"+now.getMinutes()+":"+now.getSeconds()+" | ";
newText += config.options.txtUserName + " | ";
var location = document.location.toString();
var filename = config.lib.file.basename(location);
if (!filename) filename = '/';
newText += "[["+filename+"|"+location + "]] |";
this.tiddler.text = this.tiddler.text + "\n" + newText;
this.addToLine(line);
};
config.lib.Log.prototype.addToLine = function (text) {
this.tiddler.text = this.tiddler.text + text;
this.tiddler.modifier = config.options.txtUserName;
this.tiddler.modified = new Date();
if (version.major < 2)
store.tiddlers[this.tiddler.tittle] = this.tiddler;
else {
store.addTiddler(this.tiddler);
story.refreshTiddler(this.tiddler.title);
store.notify(this.tiddler.title, true);
}
if (version.major < 2)
store.notifyAll();
};
//}}}
////===
////+++!![config.lib.options]
//{{{
if (!config.lib) config.lib = {};
if (!config.lib.options) config.lib.options = {
author: 'BidiX',
version: {major: 0, minor: 1, revision: 0},
date: new Date(2006,3,9)
};
config.lib.options.init = function (name, defaultValue) {
if (!config.options[name]) {
config.options[name] = defaultValue;
saveOptionCookie(name);
}
};
//}}}
////===
////+++!![PasswordTweak]
//{{{
version.extensions.PasswordTweak = {
major: 1, minor: 0, revision: 3, date: new Date(2006,8,30),
type: 'tweak',
source: 'http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/#PasswordTweak'
};
//}}}
/***
!!config.macros.option
***/
//{{{
config.macros.option.passwordCheckboxLabel = "Save this password on this computer";
config.macros.option.passwordType = "password"; // password | text
config.macros.option.onChangeOption = function(e)
{
var opt = this.getAttribute("option");
var elementType,valueField;
if(opt) {
switch(opt.substr(0,3)) {
case "txt":
elementType = "input";
valueField = "value";
break;
case "pas":
elementType = "input";
valueField = "value";
break;
case "chk":
elementType = "input";
valueField = "checked";
break;
}
config.options[opt] = this[valueField];
saveOptionCookie(opt);
var nodes = document.getElementsByTagName(elementType);
for(var t=0; t<nodes.length; t++)
{
var optNode = nodes[t].getAttribute("option");
if (opt == optNode)
nodes[t][valueField] = this[valueField];
}
}
return(true);
};
config.macros.option.handler = function(place,macroName,params)
{
var opt = params[0];
if(config.options[opt] === undefined) {
return;}
var c;
switch(opt.substr(0,3)) {
case "txt":
c = document.createElement("input");
c.onkeyup = this.onChangeOption;
c.setAttribute ("option",opt);
c.className = "txtOptionInput "+opt;
place.appendChild(c);
c.value = config.options[opt];
break;
case "pas":
// input password
c = document.createElement ("input");
c.setAttribute("type",config.macros.option.passwordType);
c.onkeyup = this.onChangeOption;
c.setAttribute("option",opt);
c.className = "pasOptionInput "+opt;
place.appendChild(c);
c.value = config.options[opt];
// checkbox link with this password "save this password on this computer"
c = document.createElement("input");
c.setAttribute("type","checkbox");
c.onclick = this.onChangeOption;
c.setAttribute("option","chk"+opt);
c.className = "chkOptionInput "+opt;
place.appendChild(c);
c.checked = config.options["chk"+opt];
// text savePasswordCheckboxLabel
place.appendChild(document.createTextNode(config.macros.option.passwordCheckboxLabel));
break;
case "chk":
c = document.createElement("input");
c.setAttribute("type","checkbox");
c.onclick = this.onChangeOption;
c.setAttribute("option",opt);
c.className = "chkOptionInput "+opt;
place.appendChild(c);
c.checked = config.options[opt];
break;
}
};
//}}}
/***
!! Option cookie stuff
***/
//{{{
window.loadOptionsCookie_orig_PasswordTweak = window.loadOptionsCookie;
window.loadOptionsCookie = function()
{
var cookies = document.cookie.split(";");
for(var c=0; c<cookies.length; c++) {
var p = cookies[c].indexOf("=");
if(p != -1) {
var name = cookies[c].substr(0,p).trim();
var value = cookies[c].substr(p+1).trim();
switch(name.substr(0,3)) {
case "txt":
config.options[name] = unescape(value);
break;
case "pas":
config.options[name] = unescape(value);
break;
case "chk":
config.options[name] = value == "true";
break;
}
}
}
};
window.saveOptionCookie_orig_PasswordTweak = window.saveOptionCookie;
window.saveOptionCookie = function(name)
{
var c = name + "=";
switch(name.substr(0,3)) {
case "txt":
c += escape(config.options[name].toString());
break;
case "chk":
c += config.options[name] ? "true" : "false";
// is there an option link with this chk ?
if (config.options[name.substr(3)]) {
saveOptionCookie(name.substr(3));
}
break;
case "pas":
if (config.options["chk"+name]) {
c += escape(config.options[name].toString());
} else {
c += "";
}
break;
}
c += "; expires=Fri, 1 Jan 2038 12:00:00 UTC; path=/";
document.cookie = c;
};
//}}}
/***
!! Initializations
***/
//{{{
// define config.options.pasPassword
if (!config.options.pasPassword) {
config.options.pasPassword = 'defaultPassword';
window.saveOptionCookie('pasPassword');
}
// since loadCookies is first called befor password definition
// we need to reload cookies
window.loadOptionsCookie();
//}}}
////===
////+++!![config.macros.upload]
//{{{
config.macros.upload = {
accessKey: "U",
formName: "UploadPlugin",
contentType: "text/html;charset=UTF-8",
defaultStoreScript: "store.php"
};
// only this two configs need to be translated
config.macros.upload.messages = {
aboutToUpload: "About to upload TiddlyWiki to %0",
backupFileStored: "Previous file backuped in %0",
crossDomain: "Certainly a cross-domain isue: access to an other site isn't allowed",
errorDownloading: "Error downloading",
errorUploadingContent: "Error uploading content",
fileLocked: "Files is locked: You are not allowed to Upload",
fileNotFound: "file to upload not found",
fileNotUploaded: "File %0 NOT uploaded",
mainFileUploaded: "Main TiddlyWiki file uploaded to %0",
passwordEmpty: "Unable to upload, your password is empty",
urlParamMissing: "url param missing",
rssFileNotUploaded: "RssFile %0 NOT uploaded",
rssFileUploaded: "Rss File uploaded to %0"
};
config.macros.upload.label = {
promptOption: "Save and Upload this TiddlyWiki with UploadOptions",
promptParamMacro: "Save and Upload this TiddlyWiki in %0",
saveLabel: "save to web",
saveToDisk: "save to disk",
uploadLabel: "upload"
};
config.macros.upload.handler = function(place,macroName,params){
// parameters initialization
var storeUrl = params[0];
var toFilename = params[1];
var backupDir = params[2];
var uploadDir = params[3];
var username = params[4];
var password; // for security reason no password as macro parameter
var label;
if (document.location.toString().substr(0,4) == "http")
label = this.label.saveLabel;
else
label = this.label.uploadLabel;
var prompt;
if (storeUrl) {
prompt = this.label.promptParamMacro.toString().format([this.toDirUrl(storeUrl, uploadDir, username)]);
}
else {
prompt = this.label.promptOption;
}
createTiddlyButton(place, label, prompt,
function () {
config.macros.upload.upload(storeUrl, toFilename, uploadDir, backupDir, username, password);
return false;},
null, null, this.accessKey);
};
config.macros.upload.UploadLog = function() {
return new config.lib.Log('UploadLog', " !storeUrl | !uploadDir | !toFilename | !backupdir | !origin |" );
};
config.macros.upload.UploadLog.prototype = config.lib.Log.prototype;
config.macros.upload.UploadLog.prototype.startUpload = function(storeUrl, toFilename, uploadDir, backupDir) {
var line = " [[" + config.lib.file.basename(storeUrl) + "|" + storeUrl + "]] | ";
line += uploadDir + " | " + toFilename + " | " + backupDir + " |";
this.newLine(line);
};
config.macros.upload.UploadLog.prototype.endUpload = function() {
this.addToLine(" Ok |");
};
config.macros.upload.basename = config.lib.file.basename;
config.macros.upload.dirname = config.lib.file.dirname;
config.macros.upload.toRootUrl = function (storeUrl, username)
{
return root = (this.dirname(storeUrl)?this.dirname(storeUrl):this.dirname(document.location.toString()));
}
config.macros.upload.toDirUrl = function (storeUrl, uploadDir, username)
{
var root = this.toRootUrl(storeUrl, username);
if (uploadDir && uploadDir != '.')
root = root + '/' + uploadDir;
return root;
}
config.macros.upload.toFileUrl = function (storeUrl, toFilename, uploadDir, username)
{
return this.toDirUrl(storeUrl, uploadDir, username) + '/' + toFilename;
}
config.macros.upload.upload = function(storeUrl, toFilename, uploadDir, backupDir, username, password)
{
// parameters initialization
storeUrl = (storeUrl ? storeUrl : config.options.txtUploadStoreUrl);
toFilename = (toFilename ? toFilename : config.options.txtUploadFilename);
backupDir = (backupDir ? backupDir : config.options.txtUploadBackupDir);
uploadDir = (uploadDir ? uploadDir : config.options.txtUploadDir);
username = (username ? username : config.options.txtUploadUserName);
password = config.options.pasUploadPassword; // for security reason no password as macro parameter
if (!password || password === '') {
alert(config.macros.upload.messages.passwordEmpty);
return;
}
if (storeUrl === '') {
storeUrl = config.macros.upload.defaultStoreScript;
}
if (config.lib.file.dirname(storeUrl) === '') {
storeUrl = config.lib.file.dirname(document.location.toString())+'/'+storeUrl;
}
if (toFilename === '') {
toFilename = config.lib.file.basename(document.location.toString());
}
clearMessage();
// only for forcing the message to display
if (version.major < 2)
store.notifyAll();
if (!storeUrl) {
alert(config.macros.upload.messages.urlParamMissing);
return;
}
// Check that file is not locked
if (window.BidiX && BidiX.GroupAuthoring && BidiX.GroupAuthoring.lock) {
if (BidiX.GroupAuthoring.lock.isLocked() && !BidiX.GroupAuthoring.lock.isMyLock()) {
alert(config.macros.upload.messages.fileLocked);
return;
}
}
var log = new this.UploadLog();
log.startUpload(storeUrl, toFilename, uploadDir, backupDir);
if (document.location.toString().substr(0,5) == "file:") {
saveChanges();
}
var toDir = config.macros.upload.toDirUrl(storeUrl, toFilename, uploadDir, username);
displayMessage(config.macros.upload.messages.aboutToUpload.format([toDir]), toDir);
this.uploadChanges(storeUrl, toFilename, uploadDir, backupDir, username, password);
if(config.options.chkGenerateAnRssFeed) {
//var rssContent = convertUnicodeToUTF8(generateRss());
var rssContent = generateRss();
var rssPath = toFilename.substr(0,toFilename.lastIndexOf(".")) + ".xml";
this.uploadContent(rssContent, storeUrl, rssPath, uploadDir, '', username, password,
function (responseText) {
if (responseText.substring(0,1) != '0') {
displayMessage(config.macros.upload.messages.rssFileNotUploaded.format([rssPath]));
}
else {
var toFileUrl = config.macros.upload.toFileUrl(storeUrl, rssPath, uploadDir, username);
displayMessage(config.macros.upload.messages.rssFileUploaded.format(
[toFileUrl]), toFileUrl);
}
// for debugging store.php uncomment last line
//DEBUG alert(responseText);
});
}
return;
};
config.macros.upload.uploadChanges = function(storeUrl, toFilename, uploadDir, backupDir,
username, password) {
var original;
if (document.location.toString().substr(0,4) == "http") {
original = this.download(storeUrl, toFilename, uploadDir, backupDir, username, password);
return;
}
else {
// standard way : Local file
original = loadFile(getLocalPath(document.location.toString()));
if(window.Components) {
// it's a mozilla browser
try {
netscape.security.PrivilegeManager.enablePrivilege("UniversalXPConnect");
var converter = Components.classes["@mozilla.org/intl/scriptableunicodeconverter"]
.createInstance(Components.interfaces.nsIScriptableUnicodeConverter);
converter.charset = "UTF-8";
original = converter.ConvertToUnicode(original);
}
catch(e) {
}
}
}
//DEBUG alert(original);
this.uploadChangesFrom(original, storeUrl, toFilename, uploadDir, backupDir,
username, password);
};
config.macros.upload.uploadChangesFrom = function(original, storeUrl, toFilename, uploadDir, backupDir,
username, password) {
var startSaveArea = '<div id="' + 'storeArea">'; // Split up into two so that indexOf() of this source doesn't find it
var endSaveArea = '</d' + 'iv>';
// Locate the storeArea div's
var posOpeningDiv = original.indexOf(startSaveArea);
var posClosingDiv = original.lastIndexOf(endSaveArea);
if((posOpeningDiv == -1) || (posClosingDiv == -1))
{
alert(config.messages.invalidFileError.format([document.location.toString()]));
return;
}
var revised = original.substr(0,posOpeningDiv + startSaveArea.length) +
allTiddlersAsHtml() + "\n\t\t" +
original.substr(posClosingDiv);
var newSiteTitle;
if(version.major < 2){
newSiteTitle = (getElementText("siteTitle") + " - " + getElementText("siteSubtitle")).htmlEncode();
} else {
newSiteTitle = (wikifyPlain ("SiteTitle") + " - " + wikifyPlain ("SiteSubtitle")).htmlEncode();
}
revised = revised.replaceChunk("<title"+">","</title"+">"," " + newSiteTitle + " ");
revised = revised.replaceChunk("<!--PRE-HEAD-START--"+">","<!--PRE-HEAD-END--"+">","\n" + store.getTiddlerText("MarkupPreHead","") + "\n");
revised = revised.replaceChunk("<!--POST-HEAD-START--"+">","<!--POST-HEAD-END--"+">","\n" + store.getTiddlerText("MarkupPostHead","") + "\n");
revised = revised.replaceChunk("<!--PRE-BODY-START--"+">","<!--PRE-BODY-END--"+">","\n" + store.getTiddlerText("MarkupPreBody","") + "\n");
revised = revised.replaceChunk("<!--POST-BODY-START--"+">","<!--POST-BODY-END--"+">","\n" + store.getTiddlerText("MarkupPostBody","") + "\n");
var response = this.uploadContent(revised, storeUrl, toFilename, uploadDir, backupDir,
username, password, function (responseText) {
if (responseText.substring(0,1) != '0') {
alert(responseText);
displayMessage(config.macros.upload.messages.fileNotUploaded.format([getLocalPath(document.location.toString())]));
}
else {
if (uploadDir !== '') {
toFilename = uploadDir + "/" + config.macros.upload.basename(toFilename);
} else {
toFilename = config.macros.upload.basename(toFilename);
}
var toFileUrl = config.macros.upload.toFileUrl(storeUrl, toFilename, uploadDir, username);
if (responseText.indexOf("destfile:") > 0) {
var destfile = responseText.substring(responseText.indexOf("destfile:")+9,
responseText.indexOf("\n", responseText.indexOf("destfile:")));
toFileUrl = config.macros.upload.toRootUrl(storeUrl, username) + '/' + destfile;
}
else {
toFileUrl = config.macros.upload.toFileUrl(storeUrl, toFilename, uploadDir, username);
}
displayMessage(config.macros.upload.messages.mainFileUploaded.format(
[toFileUrl]), toFileUrl);
if (backupDir && responseText.indexOf("backupfile:") > 0) {
var backupFile = responseText.substring(responseText.indexOf("backupfile:")+11,
responseText.indexOf("\n", responseText.indexOf("backupfile:")));
toBackupUrl = config.macros.upload.toRootUrl(storeUrl, username) + '/' + backupFile;
displayMessage(config.macros.upload.messages.backupFileStored.format(
[toBackupUrl]), toBackupUrl);
}
var log = new config.macros.upload.UploadLog();
log.endUpload();
store.setDirty(false);
// erase local lock
if (window.BidiX && BidiX.GroupAuthoring && BidiX.GroupAuthoring.lock) {
BidiX.GroupAuthoring.lock.eraseLock();
// change mtime with new mtime after upload
var mtime = responseText.substr(responseText.indexOf("mtime:")+6);
BidiX.GroupAuthoring.lock.mtime = mtime;
}
}
// for debugging store.php uncomment last line
//DEBUG alert(responseText);
}
);
};
config.macros.upload.uploadContent = function(content, storeUrl, toFilename, uploadDir, backupDir,
username, password, callbackFn) {
var boundary = "---------------------------"+"AaB03x";
var request;
try {
request = new XMLHttpRequest();
}
catch (e) {
request = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");
}
if (window.netscape){
try {
if (document.location.toString().substr(0,4) != "http") {
netscape.security.PrivilegeManager.enablePrivilege('UniversalBrowserRead');}
}
catch (e) {}
}
//DEBUG alert("user["+config.options.txtUploadUserName+"] password[" + config.options.pasUploadPassword + "]");
// compose headers data
var sheader = "";
sheader += "--" + boundary + "\r\nContent-disposition: form-data; name=\"";
sheader += config.macros.upload.formName +"\"\r\n\r\n";
sheader += "backupDir="+backupDir
+";user=" + username
+";password=" + password
+";uploaddir=" + uploadDir;
// add lock attributes to sheader
if (window.BidiX && BidiX.GroupAuthoring && BidiX.GroupAuthoring.lock) {
var l = BidiX.GroupAuthoring.lock.myLock;
sheader += ";lockuser=" + l.user
+ ";mtime=" + l.mtime
+ ";locktime=" + l.locktime;
}
sheader += ";;\r\n";
sheader += "\r\n" + "--" + boundary + "\r\n";
sheader += "Content-disposition: form-data; name=\"userfile\"; filename=\""+toFilename+"\"\r\n";
sheader += "Content-Type: " + config.macros.upload.contentType + "\r\n";
sheader += "Content-Length: " + content.length + "\r\n\r\n";
// compose trailer data
var strailer = new String();
strailer = "\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n";
//strailer = "--" + boundary + "--\r\n";
var data;
data = sheader + content + strailer;
//request.open("POST", storeUrl, true, username, password);
try {
request.open("POST", storeUrl, true);
}
catch(e) {
alert(config.macros.upload.messages.crossDomain + "\nError:" +e);
exit;
}
request.onreadystatechange = function () {
if (request.readyState == 4) {
if (request.status == 200)
callbackFn(request.responseText);
else
alert(config.macros.upload.messages.errorUploadingContent + "\nStatus: "+request.status.statusText);
}
};
request.setRequestHeader("Content-Length",data.length);
request.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","multipart/form-data; boundary="+boundary);
request.send(data);
};
config.macros.upload.download = function(uploadUrl, uploadToFilename, uploadDir, uploadBackupDir,
username, password) {
var request;
try {
request = new XMLHttpRequest();
}
catch (e) {
request = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");
}
try {
if (uploadUrl.substr(0,4) == "http") {
netscape.security.PrivilegeManager.enablePrivilege("UniversalBrowserRead");
}
else {
netscape.security.PrivilegeManager.enablePrivilege("UniversalXPConnect");
}
} catch (e) { }
//request.open("GET", document.location.toString(), true, username, password);
try {
request.open("GET", document.location.toString(), true);
}
catch(e) {
alert(config.macros.upload.messages.crossDomain + "\nError:" +e);
exit;
}
request.onreadystatechange = function () {
if (request.readyState == 4) {
if(request.status == 200) {
config.macros.upload.uploadChangesFrom(request.responseText, uploadUrl,
uploadToFilename, uploadDir, uploadBackupDir, username, password);
}
else
alert(config.macros.upload.messages.errorDownloading.format(
[document.location.toString()]) + "\nStatus: "+request.status.statusText);
}
};
request.send(null);
};
//}}}
////===
////+++!![Initializations]
//{{{
config.lib.options.init('txtUploadStoreUrl','store.php');
config.lib.options.init('txtUploadFilename','');
config.lib.options.init('txtUploadDir','');
config.lib.options.init('txtUploadBackupDir','');
config.lib.options.init('txtUploadUserName',config.options.txtUserName);
config.lib.options.init('pasUploadPassword','');
setStylesheet(
".pasOptionInput {width: 11em;}\n"+
".txtOptionInput.txtUploadStoreUrl {width: 25em;}\n"+
".txtOptionInput.txtUploadFilename {width: 25em;}\n"+
".txtOptionInput.txtUploadDir {width: 25em;}\n"+
".txtOptionInput.txtUploadBackupDir {width: 25em;}\n"+
"",
"UploadOptionsStyles");
if (document.location.toString().substr(0,4) == "http") {
config.options.chkAutoSave = false;
saveOptionCookie('chkAutoSave');
}
config.shadowTiddlers.UploadDoc = "[[Full Documentation|http://tiddlywiki.bidix.info/l#UploadDoc ]]\n";
//}}}
////===
////+++!![Core Hijacking]
//{{{
config.macros.saveChanges.label_orig_UploadPlugin = config.macros.saveChanges.label;
config.macros.saveChanges.label = config.macros.upload.label.saveToDisk;
config.macros.saveChanges.handler_orig_UploadPlugin = config.macros.saveChanges.handler;
config.macros.saveChanges.handler = function(place)
{
if ((!readOnly) && (document.location.toString().substr(0,4) != "http"))
createTiddlyButton(place,this.label,this.prompt,this.onClick,null,null,this.accessKey);
};
//}}}
////===
http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/store.php
[[Linguistic Terms]]
----
http://www.future-perfect.co.uk/grammartips/index.asp
http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/index2.htm
<html><object width="445" height="364"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/mL5JjDWe_sw&hl=en_GB&fs=1&border=1"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/mL5JjDWe_sw&hl=en_GB&fs=1&border=1" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="445" height="364"></embed></object></html>
Here’s how it works: the device has a large plate that vibrates in a specific motion 30 to 50 times per second. This vibration forces muscle contractions like dynamic tension exercise but requires no concentration on your part. Your body feels the instability and strives to stabilize by tensing the muscles.
During the workout, the user changes positions repeatedly to work different muscle groups.
----
http://www.vibration-trainer-review.co.uk/
A partial chronology of the Victorian period.
1815 Battle of Waterloo
1816 Charlotte Bronte born
1819 George Eliot born (as Marion Evans) Peterloo Massacre: troops fire on workers in Manchester
1824 Byron dies at Missolonghi
1829 First Temperance Society founded in Greenock by John Dunlop
1825 Fennimore Cooper Last of the Mohicans
1830 Charles Lyell Principles of Geology Revolutionary uprisings in Germany, Poland, Belgium, France
1831 Ebenezer Elliot Corn Law Rhymes
1832 Walter Scott dies First Parliamentary Reform Bill passed
1833 Carlyle Sartor Resartus Factory Inspection introduced in England
Slavery ended in British Colonies
1837 Dickens Oliver Twist William IV dies; Victoria succeeds
1838 Anti-Corn Law League founded in Manchester
1839 Carlyle Chartism Chartist petition presented to Parliament
1840 Victoria marries Prince Albert
Anti-Slavery Convention in London where US women delegates not allowed to speak 1842 Edwin Chadwick Report on the Sanitary Widespread Chartist riots
Condition of the Labouring Population of Great Britain
1843 Carlyle Past and Present Beginning of potato crop failure and famine in Ireland
Disruption of the Church of Scotland
1844 Robert Chambers Vestiges of Creation Scottish Temperance league founded
1845 Margaret Fuller Women in the 19th Century
Disraeli Sybil or the Two Nations
The New Statistical Account for Scotland 15 vols.
1846 Repeal of Corn Laws
1847 Charlotte Bronte Jane Eyre
Emily Bronte Wuthering Heights
1848 Thackeray Vanity Fair Revolutions in Sicily, Austria, France,
Elizabeth Gaskell Mary Barton uprisings in Italy against Austria
Dinah Mulock The Ogilvies
J.S.Mill Principles of Political Economy First Women’s Rights Convention,
Geraldine Jewsbury The Half Sisters Seneca Falls, USA
Cholera Epidemic in Britain
1849 Charlotte Bronte Shirley
1850 Tennyson ‘In Memoriam’
Wordsworth dies; Prelude pbd.
Dinah Mulock [Craik] Olive
1851 Great Exhibition, London
1852 Harriet Beecher Stowe Uncle Tom’s Cabin
1854 Caroline Norton English Laws for women Crimean War begins, Britain and France
in the 19th Century against Russia
Dickens Hard Times
1855 C.Norton Letter to the Queen
Charlotte Bronte dies
Elizabeth Gaskell North and South
Tennyson ‘Maud’
1856 Crimean War ends
74 petitions to Parliament against married women’s property laws allowing husbands’ control of wives’ property
1857 Matrimonial Causes Act
Indian Mutiny
1859 Charles Darwin Origin of the Species
JS Mill On Liberty
1860 George Eliot Mill on the Floss Unification of Italy
1861 Elizabeth Barrett Browning dies American Civil War begins
1861-62 M.E.Braddon Lady Audley’s Secret
1662 Christina Rossetti ‘Goblin Market’
1864 1st Contageous Diseases Act
1865 Tolstoy War and Peace Lincoln assassinated
1866 Jane Welsh Carlyle dies 2nd Contageous Diseases Act
1867 Louisa May Alcott Little Women pt 1 2nd Parliamentary Reform Act;
Marx Das Capital
failure of amendment that would have enfranchised women as well.
First Scottish Women’s Suffrage
Society meets in Edinburgh
1868 Louisa May Alcott Little Women pt 2
1869 JS Mill The Subjection of Women 3rd Contageous Diseases Act
1870 Dickens dies Franco-Prussian War 1870-71
English and Welsh Education Act
1871 Scottish Education Act
1871-72 George Eliot Middlemarch
1874 James Thomson City of Dreadful Night
1876 Harriet Martineau dies
1877 Caroline Norton dies
1879 Henrik Ibsen A Doll’s House Trotsky and Stalin born
1880 Margaret Oliphant Kirsteen Parnell demands Home Rule for
George Eliot dies Ireland
1881 Thomas Carlyle dies
Ibsen Ghosts
1882 Married Women’s Property Act
1883 Ibsen A Wild Duck
1886 RL Stevenson Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde
1888 Louisa May Alcott dies
Mrs Humphry Ward Robert Elsemere
August Strindberg The Father
1889 Women’s Trade Union League
1890 Ibsen Hedda Gabler
1891 Thomas Hardy Tess of the D’Urbervilles
William Morris News from Nowhere
1893 George Bernard Shaw Mrs Warren’s Profession
1894 Oscar Wilde Salome New Zealand’s Women’s Suffrage Act
1895 Thomas Hardy Jude the Obscure
1897 Queen Victoria’s Jubilee, 60th Anniversary
1898 Shaw Arms and the Man
1901 Queen Victoria dies
https://fuel-efficient-vehicles.org/energy-news/?page_id=1360
http://vegansurvivalsecrets.com/coolstuff/vegan-vitamin-wheel.htm
<html><body>
<object classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" codebase="http://fpdownload.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,0,0" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="300px" height="273px" id="InsertWidget_a9fac1af-ee70-4d6f-9edc-ce26d0ddbe97" align="middle"><param name="movie" value="http://www.widgetserver.com/syndication/flash/wrapper/InsertWidget.swf"/><param name="quality" value="high" /><param name="wmode" value="transparent" /><param name="menu" value="false" /><param name="flashvars" value="r=2&appId=a9fac1af-ee70-4d6f-9edc-ce26d0ddbe97" /><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="sameDomain" /> <embed src="http://www.widgetserver.com/syndication/flash/wrapper/InsertWidget.swf" name="InsertWidget_a9fac1af-ee70-4d6f-9edc-ce26d0ddbe97" width="300px" height="273px" quality="high" menu="false" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" wmode="transparent" align="middle" allowScriptAccess="sameDomain" flashvars="r=2&appId=a9fac1af-ee70-4d6f-9edc-ce26d0ddbe97" ></embed></object>
</body></html>
+++[Miscellaneous]
|相册|xiàngcè|photo album|
|列表|lièbiǎo|list|
|请|qǐng|to ask / to invite / please (do sth) / to treat (to a meal etc) / to request|
|稍|shāo|somewhat / a little|
|候|hòu|wait|
|音乐|yīnyuè|music |
|影视|yǐngshì|movies and television|
|数码|shùmǎ|digital / amount / numerical code|
|汽车|qìchē|car / automobile / bus |
|时尚|shíshàng|fashion|
|旅游|lǚyóu|trip / journey / tourism / travel / tour|
|游戏|yóuxì|game / play|
|美食|měishí|culinary delicacy / fine food / gourmet food|
|文学|wénxué| literature|
|购物|gòuwù|shopping|
|宠物|chǒngwù|house pet|
|摄影|shèyǐng|to take a photograph / photograph / photography|
|园艺|yuányì|gardening / horticultural|
|体育|tǐyù|sports / physical education|
|舞蹈|wǔdǎo|dance|
|金融|jīnróng|banking / finance / financial|
|动漫|dòngmàn|cartoons (movies)|
===
+++[People]
hái - child
nán - male
nyǚ - female
nǚhái - girl
nán rén - Man
nǚ rén - woman
lǎoshī - teacher
朋友 péngyou - friend
===
+++[Verbs]
yǒu - to have
lái - come
zhèlǐ - here
----
nǐ néng guò lái yī xià ma - can you come over here?
----
xué - learn
xiǎng - want
hē - drink
guò lái - come here
dào - arrive, reach
qù - go
----
dào nà lǐ qǔ - go there
xiànzài nǐ qù nǎ? - where are you going now?
nǎ yě bù qù - I'm not going anywhere
----
nàli - there
zài - stay (here)
huì - can
xiě zì - write
shuō - speak
===
+++[Quantity]]
*Numbers
一 yī (one)
二 èr (two)
三 sān (three)
四 sì (four)
五 wǔ (five)
六 liù (six)
七 qī (seven)
八 bā (eight)
九 jiǔ (nine)
十 shí (ten)
----
jǐge - a few / several / how many
一半 yībàn - half
===
+++[Size]
dà - big, large
xiǎo - small / tiny / few / young
zhōng - middle / center
===
+++[Eat and drink]
hē - drink
kāfēi - coffee
===
----
[[Expressions]]
!LifeStraw Personal Water Filter £25
http://www.lifestraw.org.uk/
*The straw's powerful purification pipe removes 99.9999 per cent of water-borne bacteria plus many other parasites, including E-coli, campylobacter, vibrio cholerae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, shigella and salmonella.
* filters at least 1000 litres of contaminated water
*The LifeStraw Go is £40 and is the bottle version but lasts for 5 years!!
!Water-to-Go 750ml - £25
2 filters - £15
*Each filter treats approximately 200 litres of water, , or 3 months
http://www.watertogo.eu/
!Clear2Go water filter bottle (BPA-free) - £7.80
http://www.clear2o.com
Filters - £20 for 2
*24-ounce bottle
*Removes 99.9 percent of microbial cysts such as cryptosporidium and giardia
* One filter can process up to 100 gallons of water, which is equal to 757 store-bought 16.9-ounce water bottles
*NanoCeram NASA-derived filter technology attracts and blocks particulates from passing through filter
Clear2Go™uses a carbon filtration technology in a filter media combining the benefits of sub-micron particulate filtration with exceptional chemical removal. Comprised of nano meter-size particles, these filters far exceed current filtration systems and can handle the most difficult treatment requirements for consumer, residential, and recreational water purification.
Clear2Go™ has been independently tested according to NSF/ANSI Standard 42 for the reduction of aesthetic chlorine taste and odor, and Particulate Class I, and against NSF/ANSI Standard 53 for the reduction of turbidity and cysts(cryptosporidium and giardia).
----
http://coolsurvivalgadgets.com/clear2go-water-bottle-with-filter/
! SteriPEN Adventurer £75
Death by ultraviolet light
It takes 90 seconds for a litre of water to be treated.
The disadvantage is that any grunge is not filtered out when you drink from the bottle.
@@color(#993333):''This site is a holding page with links to all my websites and miscellaneous notes.''
----
https://homepage.tiddlyhost.com/
https://computernotes.tiddlyhost.com/
https://leasehold.tiddlyhost.com/
https://currentaffairs.tiddlyhost.com/
----
!!Quote of the day
<<QOTD Quotations 30000>>
<<today>>
!@@color(#990000):This site holds additional information that is on its way to the main sites or is supplemental to them.@@<<tiddler HideTiddlerSubtitle>>
----
!@@color(#000099):Main web sites@@
[[Keith Richardson's Home Page|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/homepage.html]]- ''starting point for all pages and latest updates.''
----
[[Lifestyles|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk]] - ''for salsa ([[Photos|http://picasaweb.google.com/keithsfotos]]), an Amazon shop, world music, consumer news, TV and video clips, cartoons.''
[[Green Politics|http://www.greenpolitics.co.uk]] - ''for alternative news, Reuters video, [[Youtube video|http://www.youtube.com/keveen2]], Middle East News, esp. Israeli-Palestinian conflict.''
[[Writer's Site|http://www.elearningandwriting.co.uk]] - ''for professional writing, learning English, and video tutorials.''
[[E-learning|http://elearning.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk]] - ''an e-learning library of courses. Add your own! Work examples - [[Radiology|http://elearning.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/claroline/course/index.php?cid=001]]''
[[Ecommerce or Shopping|http://www.shopping.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk]] - ''an example ecommerce site.''
----
!What women want in a man at age 22:
1. Handsome
2. Charming
3. Financially successful
4. A caring listener
5. Witty
6. In good shape
7. Dresses with style
8. Appreciates finer things
9. Full of thoughtful surprises
10. An imaginative, romantic lover
!What women want in a man at age 32:
1. Nice looking (preferably with hair)
2. Opens car doors, holds chairs
3. Has enough money for a nice dinner
4. Listens more than talks
5. Laughs at my jokes
6. Carries bags of groceries with ease
7. Owns at least one tie
8. Appreciates a good home-cooked meal
9. Remembers birthdays and anniversaries
10. Seeks romance at least once a week
!What women want in a man at age 42:
1. Not too ugly (bald head is fine)
2. Doesn't drive off until I'm in the car
3. Works steady - splurges on dinner out occasionally
4. Nods head when I'm talking
5. Usually remembers punch lines of jokes
6. Is in good enough shape to rearrange the furniture
7. Wears a shirt that covers his stomach
8. Knows not to buy champagne with screw-top lids
9. Remembers to put the toilet seat down
10. Shaves most weekends
!What women want in a man at age 52:
1. Keeps hair in nose and ears trimmed
2. Doesn't belch or scratch in public
3. Doesn't borrow money too often
4. Doesn't nod off to sleep when I'm venting
5. Doesn't re-tell the same joke too many times
6. Is in good enough shape to get off couch on weekends
7. Usually wears matching socks and fresh underwear
8. Appreciates a good TV dinner
9. Remembers your name on occasion
10. Shaves some weekends
!What women want in a man at age 62:
1. Doesn't scare small children
2. Remembers where bathroom is
3. Doesn't require much money for upkeep
4. Only snores lightly when asleep
5. Remembers why he's laughing
6. Is in good enough shape to stand up by himself
7. Usually wears some clothes
8. Likes soft foods
9. Remembers where he left his teeth
10. Remembers that it's the weekend
!What women want in a man at age 72:
1. Breathing
2. Doesn't miss the toilet
[source: http://www.jokesplace.com/joke/what_women_want.html]
!Dialogue
''nǐ zài gànshénme''
What are you doing (now)?
!Words and phrases
''zuò''
do
----
''zuò shé me ''
Do what?
----
''nǐ qù zuò shé me ''
What will you do there?
----
''jiāo''
teach
----
''lǎo shi''
teacher
----
''tā shì lǎo shī ''
He is a teacher.
----
''xué shēng''
student, pupil
----
''tā xué yīng wén tā yě shì xué shēng ''
He is learning English. He is also a student.
----
''nà me''
then
----
''nǐ men dōu xué zhōng wén nà me nǐ mén dōu shì xué shēng ''
You all study Chinese, so you are all students.
----
''wǒ bùzhī dào''
I don't know
----
!Dialogue
zhè shì shé me
What is this?
----
zhè shì yì zhī bǐ
This is a writing instrument.
----
zhè shì yì zhī shé me bǐ
What kind of writing instrument is this?
----
zhè shì yì zhī máo bǐ
This is a writing brush.
----
nà shì běn shé me shū
What kind of book is that?
----
nà shì běn zhōng wén shū
That is a Chinese book.
----
!Vocabulary
zhè
this, these
----
zhè shì shū
This is a book.
----
nà
that, those
----
nà shì shū
That is a book.
----
zhè shì shé me
What is this?
----
nà shì shé me
What is that?
----
nà shì shé me shū
What kind of book is that?
----
máo
Hair
----
máo bǐ
writing brush
----
qiān bǐ
pencil
----
gang bǐ
pen
----
yuán zǐh bǐ
ball-point pen
----
nà shì lìu běn shū
Those are six books.
----
nà sì běn shì zhōng wén shū
Those four books are Chinese books.
----
zhè shì běn shé me shū
What book is this?
----
nà běn shì rì wén shū
That is a Japanese book.
----
nà sān běn shì dé wén shū
Those three books are German books.
----
These are the macros that you can use in your tiddlers straight out of the box.
In addition to the excellent Plugins found here and throughout the TiddlyWiki world, TiddlyWiki contains some internal Macros that, for the most part, remain undocumented. They can offer lots of interesting possibilities when customizing your TiddlyWiki. The Macro list below was compiled from TiddlyWiki version 1.2.31. Click on a macro's description below to view more detail about each Macro including syntax, description, and examples!
|!Macro|!Description|!Syntax|
|allTags|[[List all Tags in a Tiddler|TipAllTags]]|{{{<}}}{{{<allTags>>}}}|
|closeAll|[[Close all displayed Tiddlers|TipCloseAll]]|{{{<}}}{{{<closeAll>>}}}|
|list all|[[List all Tiddlers in a Tiddler|TipListAll]]|{{{<}}}{{{<list all>>}}}|
|list missing|[[List all Missing Tiddlers in a Tiddler|TipListMissing]]|{{{<}}}{{{<list missing>>}}}|
|list orphans|[[List all orphaned Tiddlers in a Tiddler|TipListOrphans]]|{{{<}}}{{{<list orphans>>}}}|
|newJournal|[[Create new date & Time stamped Tiddler|TipNewJournal]]|{{{<}}}{{{<newJournal>>}}}|
|newTiddler|[[Create new Tiddler|TipNewTiddler]]|{{{<}}}{{{<newTiddler>>}}}|
|permaview|[[URL link for all open Tiddlers|TipPermaView]]|{{{<}}}{{{<permaview>>}}}|
|saveChanges |[[Save all TiddlyWiki changes|TipSaveChanges]]|{{{<}}}{{{<saveChanges>>}}}|
|search|[[Display a Search box|TipSearch]]|{{{<}}}{{{<search>>}}}|
|slider|[[Display a Slider|TipSlider]]|{{{<}}}{{{<slider sliderID sliderTiddler sliderLabel>>}}}|
|tabs|[[Display Tabbed content|TipTabbedContent]]|{{{<}}}{{{<tabs indentifier tabLabel tabName Tiddler>>}}}|
|tag|[[Display a Tag PopUp|TipTagPopUp]]|{{{<}}}{{{<tag tagName>>}}}|
|tagChooser |[[Display a Tag PopUp|TipTagPopUp]]|{{{<}}}{{{<<tagChooser>>}}}|
|tagging |[[Display a Tag PopUp|TipTagPopUp]]|{{{<}}}{{{<<tagging formatting>>}}}|
|tiddler|[[Display inline contents of a Tiddler|TipTiddlerContents]]|{{{<}}}{{{<tiddler Tiddler>> <<tiddler FoldFirst>>}}}|
|timeline|[[Display Timeline in a Tiddler|TipTimeline]]|{{{<}}}{{{<timeline>>}}}|
|today|[[Dusplay Today's Date|TipToday]]|{{{<}}}{{{<today>>}}}|
|version|[[Display TiddlyWiki's version|TipTWVersion]]|{{{<}}}{{{<version>>}}}|
Here is a [[PermaView Link|http://TiddlyWikiTips.com/index.html#%5B%5BTip%20%2312%3A%20TiddlyWiki%20Internal%20Macros%5D%5D%20TipAllTags%20TipCloseAll%20TipNewJournal%20TipNewTiddler%20TipPermaView%20TipSaveChanges%20TipSearch%20TipSlider%20TipTabbedContent%20TipTagPopUp%20TipTiddlerContents%20TipTimeline%20TipToday%20TipTWVersion]] to open all of the Internal Macro Tiddlers!
!Dialogue
''nǐ jiào shénme míngzi''
What's your name?
你 叫 什么 名字 ？
----
''qǐngwèn nǐ jiào shénme míngzi?''
May I ask your name?
----
''Wǒde xìng shì wáng. Jiào shì píng ''
My last name is Wang. My first name is Ping.
----
''Wó hĕn gāo xìng jiàn dào ni''
I am very happy to meet you
----
''Nĭ gāo xìng ma?'' (Gāo used by itself is an adjective that means to be tall or high.)
Are you happy/pleased?
----
''Hĕn gāo xìng''
I am very pleased/happy.
----
''Zài jiàn'' goodbye; see you again
Jiàn = to see; to meet and zài = again
!Words and phrases
gāo [gow] xìng [shing]
be happy; delighted; elated
----
''qǐng zuò ''
please sit down
----
''qǐng hē chá''
please have some tea
----
''dào'' = to arrive (at); to reach; get to (a place)
''Wŏ men dào le'' We have arrived; we’re here.
''Dào le ma?'' Are we there yet?
----
+++[''Yuán'' = affinity; connection; reason]
''Yuán fèn'' = a providential opportunity; fate/luck by which people are brought together
----
Wŏ men yŏu yuán fèn
we were fated to meet
----
''yuán gù'' = cause; reason
''yuán yóu'' = cause; origin
===
!Dialogue
!Vocabulary
zhōng wén
Chinese
----
yīng wén
English
----
rì wén
Japanese
----
fǎ wén
French
----
dé wén
German
----
yī gè Zhōngguó nǚhái
A Chinese girl
----
!Dialogue
''nǐ dào nǎ lǐ qù ''
(nǐ qù nǎ? - more used)
Where are you going?
----
''wǒ dào xué xiào qù''
(wǒ qù xué xiào - colloquial)
I'm going to school
----
''wǒ qù gòuwù''
I'm going shopping
----
''wǒ huí jiā''
I'm going home
----
''wǒ qù péngyou jiā''
I'm going to a friend's home
----
''nǐ qù zuò shéme?''
(wèishénme - more used}
Why are you going there?
----
''wǒ qù xué zhōng wén ''
I'm going there to learn Chinese
----
''Lǐ xiān shēng yě qù xué zhōng wén ma''
Does Mr. Li also go there to learn Chinese?
----
!Words and phrases
''dào…qù''
go to
----
''nà lǐ''
where there
----
!Words and phrases
''wèishénme'' - why? / for what reason?
----
xué
learn; study
----
wǒ xué zhōng wén
I learn Chinese
----
xué xiào
school
----
wǒ dào xué xiào xué zhōng wén
I go to school to learn Chinese.
----
!Fridges
https://www.ukwhitegoods.co.uk/forumsphpbb3/fridge-freezer-forum.html
!!Frigidaire FRE-196A CNK091006871
http://homeguides.sfgate.com/troubleshoot-frigidaire-refrigerator-keeps-running-70310.html
https://shop.ukwhitegoods.co.uk/1063597-fridge-thermostat - WDF28K-920-328
Video - http://www.buyspares.co.uk/thermostat-wdf28k-920-328/product.pl?pid=1793113&p=1401209
https://www.repairclinic.com/RepairHelp/How-To-Fix-A-Refrigerator/64---/Refrigerator-runs-constantly
http://www.doityourself.com/stry/troubleshooting-a-refrigerator-that-runs-continuously
The "cloud" of words below is an ~A-Z [["Tag Cloud"|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Tag%20Cloud]]. //The size of the text reflects frequency of use// - click a tag to jump to articles with the tag name you select.
----
''@@color(#660000)://Get the latest Tag Cloud// by clicking:@@'' <script label="refresh tags">
var here=story.findContainingTiddler(place);
if (here) story.refreshTiddler(here.getAttribute("tiddler"),null,true);
</script>
<<tagglyTagCloud>>
----
<html>
<iframe
src ="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/" width="90%" height="600px">
</iframe>
</html>
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/West%20Bank
[[Down and feather]]
----
+++[Reviews]
http://ymmvreviews.com/
===
!Smartwool next-to-skin baselayer nts mid 250 funnel zip
Funnel Zip is made of 100% 250 g/m2merino wool. UPF rating of 50+. This is the highest UPF rating available.
[img[images/next-to-skin.jpg]]
!UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor)
A rating designation for sun protective textiles and clothing.
UPF Rating Protection Category % UV radiation Blocked
UPF 15 - 24 Good 93.3 - 95.9
UPF 25 - 39 Very Good 96.0 - 97.4
UPF 40 - 50+ Excellent 97.5 - 99+
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sHRNJgr_TBA
https://www.worcester-bosch.co.uk/products/boilers/directory/greenstar-i-system-27kw-and-30kw
----
Central Heating Output: 24kw
Domestic Hot Water (DHW) Output: 30kW
Hot Water Flowrate: 12.3 litres/minute
Manufacturer Product number: 7 733 600 005
!Boiler adjustments
set your boiler temperature to 82°C in winter (between medium and hot) and adjust down if radiators feel too hot, or up if not warm enough
set your boiler temperature to 65°C in summer (between medium and low) and adjust down if your water feels too hot.
'saw-tooth' reflector panels
http://mediawiki.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/index.php/Work_and_Money
http://www.moneyadviceservice.org.uk/yourmoney/
----
[[Find a job]]
[[Home Insurance]]
[[Living abroad]]
[[Self-employment and Small Businesses]]
[[Shopping]]
The rise of a new 'Me Generation' of workers who put themselves and their own quality of life first and their employer second, has emerged from a survey by Hudson Recruitment. These findings also show that tomorrow's employees want a bigger say in company decision-making and the ability to offer constructive criticism without reprisals.
Over two-fifths of those surveyed claimed to be loyal to themselves ahead of their employers, with the majority expecting to change jobs, and even career, several times throughout their working lives.
Nearly half stated that what they do is more important than who they work for, with 63% of workers preferring the idea of becoming 'serial careerists', gaining experience from a number of different business sectors and disciplines.
While employers value experience and seniority, 75% of workers would rather be respected and rewarded on the basis of their talent, rather than levels of experience and seniority.
Quality of life outside of work is also paramount, with more than two thirds determined to negotiate their own working patterns, expecting their employers to be flexible enough to accommodate them. Currently, only a quarter feel they are in control of their own work portfolio.
In spite of the decrease in loyalty and increased demand for more flexible working patterns, workers are keen to play a bigger part in the development of the company and their own progression within it. Three quarters of respondents would like to be more involved in corporate decision-making. Currently, only a quarter feel able to criticise the way their company is run, and 58% are nervous about expressing an opinion that diverges from the corporate viewpoint.
John Rose, Chief Executive, Hudson U.K., commented: "This study shows that UK employees are putting their own needs and quality of life first and expecting employers to create a new working environment to accommodate them. This is already evident in the marketplace. We are in a candidate-driven recruitment market where talent is at a premium. What candidates are looking for from their working lives and prospective employers is changing radically.
"Employees across all professions want a better quality of life, greater flexibility and a more democratic working culture. Employers will need to look at their own practices sooner rather than later if they are to win the battle to retain their best employees and attract the brightest talent."
More than two and a half thousand workers from companies across the U.K. were surveyed on their attitudes to the workplace and their expectations about the world of work in the future.
5/1/2005
FERFRIED Maximilian Pius Meinrad Maria Hubert Michael Justinus - Prinz von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
http://www.write101.com/hints.htm
!Speechmakers checklist
<html>
<body>
<p>It is important to remember that speeches are intended to be spoken aloud to an audience. There are many features that the most successful speeches share. Some of them are listed below. After you have read and understood these points, go through the printed speech with a partner and find examples of each of these techniques:</p>
<p>http://www.englishonline.co.uk/freesite_tour/resource/lessons/Speech_writing.doc<br />
<ul>
<li><strong>Sense of audience. </strong>The speaker<strong> </strong>must show an awareness of the audience by speaking to them directly, trying to engage their interest, and drawing them into the subject. Look for use of the word ‘you’, as well as indications of the type of people in the audience e.g. school children, retired people, parents.</li>
<li><strong>Clear introduction.</strong> How does the opening paragraph introduce the speaker and the subject? How does it capture the audience’s attention?</li>
<li><strong>Enumeration of points.</strong> The listener’s brain copes best with information that is presented in clear ‘parcels’. Stating the number of points that you will explain alerts the brain to respond to them. </li>
<li><strong>Rhetorical questions.</strong> The speaker asks the audience a question that does not need to be answered. This introduces some variety, and stimulates the listener to respond to the argument. This is a technique that should not be over-used; too many questions without answers will not convince your audience - they simply make you look uncertain.</li>
<li><strong>Statistics. </strong>Statistics used for support can add weight to an argument, but again it is important not to over-use them. A long list of numbers is boring and can be confusing.</li>
<li><strong>Memorable pot to over-use them. A long list of numbers is boring and can be confusing.</li>
<li><strong>Memorable phrases or slogans. </strong>The audience will forget much of what you say, so you should provide them with some easy to remember phrases that summarise your points. Politicians do this so that short extracts from their speeches will fit impressively into brief news bulletins. Some speeches have become famous for only one or two sentences.<strong> </strong></li>
<li><strong>Humour</strong><strong>. </strong>Making the audience laugh will wake them up<strong> </strong>and perhaps make them like and support you. The audience is also likely to remember something entertaining.</li>
<li><strong>Language features.</strong> As in other forms of writing, devices such as alliteration, metaphor and simile can be used to create a more powerful effect, and especially to create a visual image in the minds of the audience.</li>
<li><strong>Strong conclusion.</strong> End your speech with a summary that will fix your ideas firmly in the audience’s mind.</li>
</ul>
<p>The most important thing is to have something interesting to say. Work out your ideas in a plan before you write the speech.</p>
</body>
</html>
!Example speech
Mobile phones are a public hazard
Ladies and gentlemen, good evening. I am pleased to be here in person, and not on the end of a digital phone link. I believe that mobile phones are a hazard to the public, and I have three very good reasons to support my view.
First, and most important, is the danger of mobile phones to road users. How many times have you seen a driver speeding along with only one eye on the road, one hand on the wheel and all his attention on the phone? Police forces across the country have recorded a 50% increase in accidents in which drivers were using mobile phones. All of us are at risk from these mobile madmen. We must act together to keep our roads safe and ban the use of mobile phones in cars. Just as important as “Don’t drink and drive” should be “Don’t talk and travel”.
The second danger associated with mobile phones is related to our health. A worrying number of medical reports have linked the use of mobile phones with tumours on the brain. People who think this risk is unimportant should ask themselves why the phone companies now recommend that people use special protective cases for their phones, which are designed to block harmful radio waves. Why are these needed if mobile phones are safe? When cigarettes were first sold, no-one realised how harmful they would be, but look at the damage they have caused to the nation’s health. Until mobile phones are proved to be safe, they should carry the same health warnings as cigarettes.
The third reason for my opposition to mobile phones concerns crime. Our streets are already so dangerous that people are afraid to go out after dark. Mobile phones simply add to the problem. Carrying an expensive mobile phone makes you a walking target for the mugger who is looking for something valuable and easy to steal. It’s like leaving a key in the ignition of an unlocked Porsche. It is ironic that many parents have provided their children with mobile phones for safety, little realising that by doing so they have increased by 40% their children’s chances of being mugged. If you are one of these parents, I hope that you don’t find out the hard way what an expensive mistake you have made.
Mobile phones appear to be fashionable, high-tech and desirable, but when you next see an advertisement for Orange or Cellnet please think about what it doesn’t mention: the hazard of mobile phones on our roads, to our health and on our streets. Together we can oppose the spread of these digital disasters and promote the message that it can be dangerous to dial.
[[Flashcards]]
[[Language]]
[[Literature]]
[[E-learning]]
FilmReviews
[[Reference Shelf]]
TeachersResources
[[Writer's on Writing]]
[[Writer's Ideas]]
[[Information Management]]
!Recipe #1 (Complex):
1 cup of water (8 ounces)
1/4 tsp salt
1/2 tsp of xylitol crystals
1/4 tsp baking soda
4 drops of grapefruit seed extract
!Recipe #2:
1 cup of water (8 ounces)
1/4 - 1/2 tsp salt
1/2 tsp of xylitol crystals
!Recipe #3:
1 cup of water (8 ounces)
1/4 - 1/2 tsp of xylitol crystals
Millions of sensitive details disappearing is only one of Revenue and Customs' headaches after a disastrous merger, writes Nick Mathiason
* Nick Mathiason * The Observer * Sunday November 25 2007
The loss by Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs (HMRC) officials of two CDs containing sensitive details of 25 million people reveals a deeper crisis within the newly merged agency.
High-street banks say customers have reacted calmly to the security breach, despite reports that millions of customers had been panicked into switching accounts. But the embarrassing loss is disastrous for the credibility of a beleaguered government. It also reflects badly on Gordon Brown, who in 2004 merged Revenue & Customs. The merger has been widely condemned as a failure, sparking a damaging drop in morale and service quality.
Since 2004, the agency has axed 14,000 workers with another 11,000 to go by 2011 to achieve savings of more than £500m. This week the HMRC is scheduled to reveal how it intends to axe the remaining 11,000, a move likely to provoke more industrial action.
BDO Stoy Hayward tax partner Stephen Herring says: 'Has the merger helped taxpayers? In my view, not at all. How quickly can people register for VAT? How quickly can corporate tax issues get resolved? I think that putting everything together does not necessarily make things better.'
The agency is now on its third chairman in three years. It is rumoured that Paul Gray, who quit as chairman last Tuesday, considered leaving earlier this year after an internal staff survey revealed deep-seated dissatisfaction. Some concede that certain functions, such as self-assessment, are working well, and new chairman David Hartnett is widely respected. In fact, some regard him as the best tax investigator the Revenue ever had. But he faces a huge challenge to pick off the floor an organisation that, as we now know more than ever, reaches into the heart of everyone's life in Britain. Here are just some of the problems it faces.
Spiralling tax avoidance
In the past 10 years, money flowing through British crown dependency tax havens such as the Channel Islands has sharply escalated. This month The Observer revealed that by the end of last year the international super-rich stashed assets worth $491bn in Jersey to 'illegally avoid tax'. Last August the National Audit Office said that almost a third of the UK's 700 biggest businesses paid no corporation tax in the 2005-06 financial year, while another 30 per cent paid less than £10m each. A TUC report to be published in the new year is expected to reveal the extent of the corporate 'tax gap', which could be over £100bn.
The Observer has learnt that the Revenue has reduced the number of compliance officers from 16,000 to 11,000 as part of budget cuts. Top accountancy firms employ aggressive tax planners whose advice runs rings round overworked and underpaid Revenue staff who are accused by big business of unfairly targeting them and missing the real criminals.
Runaway fraud
It is estimated that Customs & Excise has paid out between £10bn and £16bn to criminals perpetrating a VAT scam that has been going on for seven years. The fraud occurs when small, high-value items, such as mobile phones, are exported and re-imported again and again in a series of contrived transactions.
The Dutch closed a bank in Curacao last year which was used to launder carousel proceeds, but the fraud is mutating. The Treasury assured journalists five years ago that carousel fraud was under control, but subsequent evidence suggests otherwise. Business leaders say that HMRC deployed large numbers of staff to address the problem, to the detriment of other services.
Now top-level Customs & Excise investigators have been absorbed into the Serious Organised Crime Agency, another merger that has run into serious difficulties.
Own goal
It may seem mad selling 700 Revenue and Customs & Excise buildings to Mapeley, a company based in Bermuda to avoid tax, but that is exactly what happened six years ago. The Treasury select committee branded the agreement with Mapeley 'astonishing' and 'ludicrous'. Sir Nicholas Montagu, the Revenue's then chairman, was forced to issue a retrospective apology for the deal. Now the HMRC is proposing to outsource front-desk security functions and postal services at 11 of its most sensitive offices to the private sector - and Mapeley has a strong chance of scooping this contract.
IT fiasco
Three years ago, the HMRC signed a £2.8bn deal with Capgemini for Project Aspire, a contract to provide IT services for the UK's tax system. The budget is now £8.5bn - £5.7bn more than planned. The Commons public accounts committee slated the way managers handled negotiations. Of particular concern to MPs was the payment of £52m transition costs, even though Capgemini retained a previous supplier, Accenture, on its new contract.
VAT delays
Manpower redeployed to fight carousel fraud has led to big delays for new firms in getting VAT registered. HMRC admits it fails to register 80 per cent of firms for VAT within its own 15-day target. Delays can last months, crippling businesses. Treasury select committee member Tory MP Michael Fallon said his constituents have alerted him to serious failings in this area. Stephen Alambritis of the Federation of Small Businesses said: 'If we pride ourselves that it's possible to set up a company within one day, this undermines that.'
Super-rich tax break
The number of non-domiciled claimants tripled in the three years to 2005 to 112,000 people. But tax experts reckon Brown's recent crackdown on offshore tax account holders has seen a surge of those claiming the tax status that allows those with overseas connections to avoid paying tax on the bulk of their income. Insiders say the Revenue fails to query claimants and the non-dom form - 25 questions - is insufficiently stringent to prevent fraud.
Capital gains tax controversy
In an effort to simplify capital gains tax and trim the wings of private equity tycoons, Alistair Darling last month introduced a CGT rate of 18 per cent from an effective rate of 10 per cent. The move has been a political own goal as business leaders have united to condemn it, claiming that it will disincentivise entrepreneurs from starting businesses. It is understood that Revenue officials are finding it difficult to form detailed policy statements justifying the move.
Administrative blunders
In May the Treasury wrote off £2bn of tax credits as irrecoverable. More than 700,000 claimants complained about attempts by Revenue & Customs to claw back benefit payments. A report by the parliamentary ombudsman said that tax credits suffered from systemic maladministration. In July, the NAO added that HMRC systems are no longer well suited to the efficient administration of income tax.
Yogurt is formed by the growth of two bacterial organisms in milk; Streptococcus thermophilus* (a warmth loving bacteria) and Lactobacillus bulgaricus (a strain of bacteria from Bulgaria, where we all know they make great yogurt) which turn the milk sugars into lactic acid. Lactic acid is much easier for your body to digest than milk sugars, so even people who can't drink milk (lactose intolerant) can still "handle" yogurt. Oft times you will also find yogurt that contains other "Probiotic" cultures such as Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium longum, and Bifidobacterium infantis which are bacterium normally found in your intestines.
https://www.culturesforhealth.com/choosing-a-yogurt-starter-culture
!How to make Yogurt
Yogurt can be made with any type of milk; goat, cow, sheep, 2%, 1%, skim, you can even make it out off 100% powdered milk or even soymilk if you want. And UHT - no need to heat it up!
#Heat to sterilize the milk. (185 degrees)
#Cool milk to proper incubation temperature. (90-110 degrees)
#Add starter yogurt.
#Incubate at warm temperature 4-24 hours.
Incubation happens between 90-120 degrees, so you have decent wiggle room, but 100-112 is optimal.
/***
|''Name:''|YourSearchPlugin|
|''Version:''|2.1.1 (2007-03-11)|
|''Source:''|http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/#YourSearchPlugin ([[del.icio.us|http://del.icio.us/post?url=http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/index.html%23YourSearchPlugin]])|
|''Author:''|UdoBorkowski (ub [at] abego-software [dot] de)|
|''Licence:''|[[BSD open source license (abego Software)|http://www.abego-software.de/legal/apl-v10.html]]|
|''Copyright:''|© 2005-2006 [[abego Software|http://www.abego-software.de]]|
|''~CoreVersion:''|2.1.0|
|''Browser:''|Firefox 1.0.4+; Firefox 1.5; ~InternetExplorer 6.0|
!About YourSearch
YourSearch gives you a bunch of new features to simplify and speed up your daily searches in TiddlyWiki. It seamlessly integrates into the standard TiddlyWiki search: just start typing into the 'search' field and explore!
For more information see [[Help|YourSearch Help]].
!Compatibility
This plugin requires TiddlyWiki 2.1.
Check the [[archive|http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/archive]] for ~YourSearchPlugins supporting older versions of TiddlyWiki.
!Source Code
***/
/***
This plugin's source code is compressed (and hidden). Use this [[link|http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/archive/YourSearchPlugin/Plugin-YourSearch-src.2.1.1.js]] to get the readable source code.
***/
///%
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_107=_104?_104.join("").length:0;var _108=_101.title.length>0?_107/_101.title.length:0;var rank=_105*_f9+_106*_fb+_108*_fa+1;return rank;};var _10a=function(_10b,_10c,_10d,_10e,_10f,_110){_f4=null;var _111=_10b.reverseLookup("tags",_110,false);try{var _112=[];if(config.options.chkSearchInTitle){_112.push("title");}if(config.options.chkSearchInText){_112.push("text");}if(config.options.chkSearchInTags){_112.push("tags");}_f4=new abego.TiddlerQuery(_10c,_10d,_10e,_112,config.options.chkSearchExtendedFields);}catch(e){return [];}var _113=_f4.filter(_111);var _114=abego.YourSearch.getRankFunction();for(var i=0;i<_113.length;i++){var _116=_113[i];var rank=_114(_116,_f4);_116.searchRank=rank;}if(!_10f){_10f="title";}var _118=function(a,b){var _11b=a.searchRank-b.searchRank;if(_11b==0){if(a[_10f]==b[_10f]){return (0);}else{return (a[_10f]<b[_10f])?-1:+1;}}else{return (_11b>0)?-1:+1;}};_113.sort(_118);return _113;};var _11c=80;var _11d=50;var _11e=250;var _11f=50;var _120=25;var _121=10;var _122="yourSearchResult";var _123="yourSearchResultItems";var _124;var _125;var _126;var _127;var _128;var _129=function(){if(version.extensions.YourSearchPlugin.styleSheetInited){return;}version.extensions.YourSearchPlugin.styleSheetInited=true;setStylesheet(store.getTiddlerText("YourSearchStyleSheet"),"yourSearch");};var _12a=function(){return _125!=null&&_125.parentNode==document.body;};var _12b=function(){if(_12a()){document.body.removeChild(_125);}};var _12c=function(e){_12b();var _12e=this.getAttribute("tiddlyLink");if(_12e){var _12f=this.getAttribute("withHilite");var _130=highlightHack;if(_12f&&_12f=="true"&&_f4){highlightHack=_f4.getMarkRegExp();}story.displayTiddler(this,_12e);highlightHack=_130;}return (false);};var _131=function(){if(!_126){return;}var root=_126;var _133=findPosX(root);var _134=findPosY(root);var _135=root.offsetHeight;var _136=_133;var _137=_134+_135;var _138=findWindowWidth();if(_138<_125.offsetWidth){_125.style.width=(_138-100)+"px";_138=findWindowWidth();}var _139=_125.offsetWidth;if(_136+_139>_138){_136=_138-_139-30;}if(_136<0){_136=0;}_125.style.left=_136+"px";_125.style.top=_137+"px";_125.style.display="block";};var _13a=function(){if(_125){window.scrollTo(0,ensureVisible(_125));}if(_126){window.scrollTo(0,ensureVisible(_126));}};var _13b=function(){_131();_13a();};var _13c;var _13d;var _13e=new abego.PageWiseRenderer();var _13f=function(_140){this.itemHtml=store.getTiddlerText("YourSearchItemTemplate");if(!this.itemHtml){alertAndThrow("YourSearchItemTemplate not found");}this.place=document.getElementById(_123);if(!this.place){this.place=createTiddlyElement(_140,"div",_123);}};merge(_13f.prototype,{render:function(_141,_142,_143,_144){_13c=_144;_13d=_142;var item=createTiddlyElement(this.place,"div",null,"yourSearchItem");item.innerHTML=this.itemHtml;applyHtmlMacros(item,null);refreshElements(item,null);},endRendering:function(_146){_13d=null;}});var _147=function(){if(!_125||!_126){return;}var html=store.getTiddlerText("YourSearchResultTemplate");if(!html){html="<b>Tiddler YourSearchResultTemplate not found</b>";}_125.innerHTML=html;applyHtmlMacros(_125,null);refreshElements(_125,null);var _149=new _13f(_125);_13e.renderPage(_149);_13b();};_13e.getItemsPerPage=function(){var n=(config.options.chkPreviewText)?abego.toInt(config.options.txtItemsPerPageWithPreview,_121):abego.toInt(config.options.txtItemsPerPage,_120);return (n>0)?n:1;};_13e.onPageChanged=function(){_147();};var _14b=function(){if(_126==null||!config.options.chkUseYourSearch){return;}if((_126.value==_124)&&_124&&!_12a()){if(_125&&(_125.parentNode!=document.body)){document.body.appendChild(_125);_13b();}else{abego.YourSearch.onShowResult(true);}}};var _14c=function(){_12b();_125=null;_124=null;};var _14d=function(self,e){while(e!=null){if(self==e){return true;}e=e.parentNode;}return false;};var _150=function(e){if(e.target==_126){return;}if(e.target==_127){return;}if(_125&&_14d(_125,e.target)){return;}_12b();};var _152=function(e){if(e.keyCode==27){_12b();}};addEvent(document,"click",_150);addEvent(document,"keyup",_152);var _154=function(text,_156,_157){_124=text;_f5(_10a(store,text,_156,_157,"title","excludeSearch"));abego.YourSearch.onShowResult();};var _158=function(_159,_15a,_15b,_15c,_15d,_15e){_129();_124="";var _15f=null;var _160=function(txt){if(config.options.chkUseYourSearch){_154(txt.value,config.options.chkCaseSensitiveSearch,config.options.chkRegExpSearch);}else{story.search(txt.value,config.options.chkCaseSensitiveSearch,config.options.chkRegExpSearch);}_124=txt.value;};var _162=function(e){_160(_126);return false;};var _164=function(e){if(!e){var e=window.event;}_126=this;switch(e.keyCode){case 13:if(e.ctrlKey&&_128&&_12a()){_128.onclick.apply(_128,[e]);}else{_160(this);}break;case 27:if(_12a()){_12b();}else{this.value="";clearMessage();}break;}if(String.fromCharCode(e.keyCode)==this.accessKey||e.altKey){_14b();}if(this.value.length<3&&_15f){clearTimeout(_15f);}if(this.value.length>2){if(this.value!=_124){if(!config.options.chkUseYourSearch||config.options.chkSearchAsYouType){if(_15f){clearTimeout(_15f);}var txt=this;_15f=setTimeout(function(){_160(txt);},500);}}else{if(_15f){clearTimeout(_15f);}}}if(this.value.length==0){_12b();}};var _168=function(e){this.select();clearMessage();_14b();};var args=_15d.parseParams("list",null,true);var _16b=getFlag(args,"buttonAtRight");var _16c=getParam(args,"sizeTextbox",this.sizeTextbox);var btn;if(!_16b){btn=createTiddlyButton(_159,this.label,this.prompt,_162);}var txt=createTiddlyElement(_159,"input",null,null,null);if(_15b[0]){txt.value=_15b[0];}txt.onkeyup=_164;txt.onfocus=_168;txt.setAttribute("size",_16c);txt.setAttribute("accessKey",this.accessKey);txt.setAttribute("autocomplete","off");if(config.browser.isSafari){txt.setAttribute("type","search");txt.setAttribute("results","5");}else{txt.setAttribute("type","text");}if(_16b){btn=createTiddlyButton(_159,this.label,this.prompt,_162);}_126=txt;_127=btn;};var _16f=function(){_12b();var _170=_f7();var n=_170.length;if(n){var _172=[];for(var i=0;i<n;i++){_172.push(_170[i].title);}story.displayTiddlers(null,_172);}};var _174=function(_175,_176,_177,_178){invokeMacro(_175,"option",_176,_177,_178);var elem=_175.lastChild;var _17a=elem.onclick;elem.onclick=function(e){var _17c=_17a.apply(this,arguments);_147();return _17c;};return elem;};var _17d=function(s){var _17f=["''","{{{","}}}","//","<<<","/***","***/"];var _180="";for(var i=0;i<_17f.length;i++){if(i!=0){_180+="|";}_180+="("+_17f[i].escapeRegExp()+")";}return s.replace(new RegExp(_180,"mg"),"").trim();};var _182=function(){var i=_13c;return (i>=0&&i<=9)?(i<9?(i+1):0):-1;};var _184=new abego.LimitedTextRenderer();var _185=function(_186,s,_188){_184.render(_186,s,_188,_f4.getMarkRegExp());};var _189=TiddlyWiki.prototype.saveTiddler;TiddlyWiki.prototype.saveTiddler=function(_18a,_18b,_18c,_18d,_18e,tags,_190){_189.apply(this,arguments);_14c();};var _191=TiddlyWiki.prototype.removeTiddler;TiddlyWiki.prototype.removeTiddler=function(_192){_191.apply(this,arguments);_14c();};config.macros.yourSearch={label:"yourSearch",prompt:"Gives access to the current/last YourSearch result",handler:function(_193,_194,_195,_196,_197,_198){if(_195.length==0){return;}var name=_195[0];var func=config.macros.yourSearch.funcs[name];if(func){func(_193,_194,_195,_196,_197,_198);}},tests:{"true":function(){return true;},"false":function(){return false;},"found":function(){return _f8()>0;},"previewText":function(){return config.options.chkPreviewText;}},funcs:{itemRange:function(_19b){if(_f8()){var _19c=_13e.getLastIndexOnPage();var s="%0 - %1".format([_13e.getFirstIndexOnPage()+1,_19c+1]);createTiddlyText(_19b,s);}},count:function(_19e){createTiddlyText(_19e,_f8().toString());},query:function(_19f){if(_f4){createTiddlyText(_19f,_f4.toString());}},version:function(_1a0){var t="YourSearch %0.%1.%2".format([version.extensions.YourSearchPlugin.major,version.extensions.YourSearchPlugin.minor,version.extensions.YourSearchPlugin.revision]);var e=createTiddlyElement(_1a0,"a");e.setAttribute("href","http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/#YourSearchPlugin");e.innerHTML="<font color=\"black\" face=\"Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif\">"+t+"<font>";},copyright:function(_1a3){var e=createTiddlyElement(_1a3,"a");e.setAttribute("href","http://www.abego-software.de");e.innerHTML="<font color=\"black\" face=\"Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif\">© 2005-2006 <b><font color=\"red\">abego</font></b> Software<font>";},newTiddlerButton:function(_1a5){if(_f4){var r=abego.parseNewTiddlerCommandLine(_f4.getQueryText());var btn=config.macros.newTiddler.createNewTiddlerButton(_1a5,r.title,r.params,"new tiddler","Create a new tiddler based on search text. (Shortcut: Ctrl-Enter; Separators: '.', '#')",null,"text");var _1a8=btn.onclick;btn.onclick=function(){_12b();_1a8.apply(this,arguments);};_128=btn;}},linkButton:function(_1a9,_1aa,_1ab,_1ac,_1ad,_1ae){if(_1ab<2){return;}var _1af=_1ab[1];var text=_1ab<3?_1af:_1ab[2];var _1b1=_1ab<4?text:_1ab[3];var _1b2=_1ab<5?null:_1ab[4];var btn=createTiddlyButton(_1a9,text,_1b1,_12c,null,null,_1b2);btn.setAttribute("tiddlyLink",_1af);},closeButton:function(_1b4,_1b5,_1b6,_1b7,_1b8,_1b9){var _1ba=createTiddlyButton(_1b4,"close","Close the Search Results (Shortcut: ESC)",_12b);},openAllButton:function(_1bb,_1bc,_1bd,_1be,_1bf,_1c0){var n=_f8();if(n==0){return;}var _1c2=n==1?"open tiddler":"open all %0 tiddlers".format([n]);var _1c3=createTiddlyButton(_1bb,_1c2,"Open all found tiddlers (Shortcut: Alt-O)",_16f);_1c3.setAttribute("accessKey","O");},naviBar:function(_1c4,_1c5,_1c6,_1c7,_1c8,_1c9){_13e.addPageNavigation(_1c4);},"if":function(_1ca,_1cb,_1cc,_1cd,_1ce,_1cf){if(_1cc.length<2){return;}var _1d0=_1cc[1];var _1d1=(_1d0=="not");if(_1d1){if(_1cc.length<3){return;}_1d0=_1cc[2];}var test=config.macros.yourSearch.tests[_1d0];var _1d3=false;try{if(test){_1d3=test(_1ca,_1cb,_1cc,_1cd,_1ce,_1cf)!=_1d1;}else{_1d3=(!eval(_1d0))==_1d1;}}catch(ex){}if(!_1d3){_1ca.style.display="none";}},chkPreviewText:function(_1d4,_1d5,_1d6,_1d7,_1d8,_1d9){var _1da=_1d6.slice(1).join(" ");var elem=_174(_1d4,"chkPreviewText",_1d7,_1d9);elem.setAttribute("accessKey","P");elem.title="Show text preview of found tiddlers (Shortcut: Alt-P)";return elem;}}};config.macros.foundTiddler={label:"foundTiddler",prompt:"Provides information on the tiddler currently processed on the YourSearch result page",handler:function(_1dc,_1dd,_1de,_1df,_1e0,_1e1){var name=_1de[0];var func=config.macros.foundTiddler.funcs[name];if(func){func(_1dc,_1dd,_1de,_1df,_1e0,_1e1);}},funcs:{title:function(_1e4,_1e5,_1e6,_1e7,_1e8,_1e9){if(!_13d){return;}var _1ea=_182();var _1eb=_1ea>=0?"Open tiddler (Shortcut: Alt-%0)".format([_1ea.toString()]):"Open tiddler";var btn=createTiddlyButton(_1e4,null,_1eb,_12c,null);btn.setAttribute("tiddlyLink",_13d.title);btn.setAttribute("withHilite","true");_185(btn,_13d.title,_11c);if(_1ea>=0){btn.setAttribute("accessKey",_1ea.toString());}},tags:function(_1ed,_1ee,_1ef,_1f0,_1f1,_1f2){if(!_13d){return;}_185(_1ed,_13d.getTags(),_11d);},text:function(_1f3,_1f4,_1f5,_1f6,_1f7,_1f8){if(!_13d){return;}_185(_1f3,_17d(_13d.text),_11e);},field:function(_1f9,_1fa,_1fb,_1fc,_1fd,_1fe){if(!_13d){return;}var name=_1fb[1];var len=_1fb.length>2?abego.toInt(_1fb[2],_11f):_11f;var v=store.getValue(_13d,name);if(v){_185(_1f9,_17d(v),len);}},number:function(_202,_203,_204,_205,_206,_207){var _208=_182();if(_208>=0){var text="%0)".format([_208.toString()]);createTiddlyElement(_202,"span",null,"shortcutNumber",text);}}}};var opts={chkUseYourSearch:true,chkPreviewText:true,chkSearchAsYouType:true,chkSearchInTitle:true,chkSearchInText:true,chkSearchInTags:true,chkSearchExtendedFields:true,txtItemsPerPage:_120,txtItemsPerPageWithPreview:_121};for(var n in opts){if(config.options[n]==undefined){config.options[n]=opts[n];}}config.shadowTiddlers.AdvancedOptions+="\n<<option chkUseYourSearch>> Use 'Your Search' //([[more options|YourSearch Options]]) ([[help|YourSearch Help]])// ";config.shadowTiddlers["YourSearch Help"]="!Field Search\nWith the Field Search you can restrict your search to certain fields of a tiddler, e.g"+" only search the tags or only the titles. The general form is //fieldname//'':''//textToSearch// (e."+"g. {{{title:intro}}}). In addition one-character shortcuts are also supported for the standard field"+"s {{{title}}}, {{{text}}} and {{{tags}}}:\n|!What you want|!What you type|!Example|\n|Search ''titles "+"only''|start word with ''!''|{{{!jonny}}} (shortcut for {{{title:jonny}}})|\n|Search ''contents/text "+"only''|start word with ''%''|{{{%football}}} (shortcut for {{{text:football}}})|\n|Search ''tags only"+"''|start word with ''#''|{{{#Plugin}}} (shortcut for {{{tags:Plugin}}})|\n\nUsing this feature you may"+" also search the extended fields (\"Metadata\") introduced with TiddlyWiki 2.1, e.g. use {{{priority:1"+"}}} to find all tiddlers with the priority field set to \"1\".\n\nYou may search a word in more than one"+" field. E.g. {{{!#Plugin}}} (or {{{title:tags:Plugin}}} in the \"long form\") finds tiddlers containin"+"g \"Plugin\" either in the title or in the tags (but does not look for \"Plugin\" in the text). \n\n!Boole"+"an Search\nThe Boolean Search is useful when searching for multiple words.\n|!What you want|!What you "+"type|!Example|\n|''All words'' must exist|List of words|{{{jonny jeremy}}} (or {{{jonny and jeremy}}}"+")|\n|''At least one word'' must exist|Separate words by ''or''|{{{jonny or jeremy}}}|\n|A word ''must "+"not exist''|Start word with ''-''|{{{-jonny}}} (or {{{not jonny}}})|\n\n''Note:'' When you specify two"+" words, separated with a space, YourSearch finds all tiddlers that contain both words, but not neces"+"sarily next to each other. If you want to find a sequence of word, e.g. '{{{John Brown}}}', you need"+" to put the words into quotes. I.e. you type: {{{\"john brown\"}}}.\n\nUsing parenthesis you may change "+"the default \"left to right\" evaluation of the boolean search. E.g. {{{not (jonny or jeremy)}}} finds"+" all tiddlers that contain neither \"jonny\" nor \"jeremy. In contrast to this {{{not jonny or jeremy}}"+"} (i.e. without parenthesis) finds all tiddlers that either don't contain \"jonny\" or that contain \"j"+"eremy\".\n\n!'Exact Word' Search\nBy default a search result all matches that 'contain' the searched tex"+"t. E.g. if you search for {{{Task}}} you will get all tiddlers containing 'Task', but also '~Complet"+"edTask', '~TaskForce' etc.\n\nIf you only want to get the tiddlers that contain 'exactly the word' you"+" need to prefix it with a '='. E.g. typing '=Task' will find the tiddlers that contain the word 'Tas"+"k', ignoring words that just contain 'Task' as a substring.\n\n!~CaseSensitiveSearch and ~RegExpSearch"+"\nThe standard search options ~CaseSensitiveSearch and ~RegExpSearch are fully supported by YourSearc"+"h. However when ''~RegExpSearch'' is on Filtered and Boolean Search are disabled.\n\nIn addition you m"+"ay do a \"regular expression\" search even with the ''~RegExpSearch'' set to false by directly enterin"+"g the regular expression into the search field, framed with {{{/.../}}}. \n\nExample: {{{/m[ae][iy]er/"+"}}} will find all tiddlers that contain either \"maier\", \"mayer\", \"meier\" or \"meyer\".\n\n!~JavaScript E"+"xpression Filtering\nIf you are familiar with JavaScript programming and know some TiddlyWiki interna"+"ls you may also use JavaScript expression for the search. Just enter a JavaScript boolean expression"+" into the search field, framed with {{{ { ... } }}}. In the code refer to the variable tiddler and e"+"valuate to {{{true}}} when the given tiddler should be included in the result. \n\nExample: {{{ { tidd"+"ler.modified > new Date(\"Jul 4, 2005\")} }}} returns all tiddler modified after July 4th, 2005.\n\n!Com"+"bined Search\nYou are free to combine the various search options. \n\n''Examples''\n|!What you type|!Res"+"ult|\n|{{{!jonny !jeremy -%football}}}|all tiddlers with both {{{jonny}}} and {{{jeremy}}} in its tit"+"les, but no {{{football}}} in content.|\n|{{{#=Task}}}|All tiddlers tagged with 'Task' (the exact wor"+"d). Tags named '~CompletedTask', '~TaskForce' etc. are not considered.|\n\n!Access Keys\nYou are encour"+"aged to use the access keys (also called \"shortcut\" keys) for the most frequently used operations. F"+"or quick reference these shortcuts are also mentioned in the tooltip for the various buttons etc.\n\n|"+"!Key|!Operation|\n|{{{Alt-F}}}|''The most important keystroke'': It moves the cursor to the search in"+"put field so you can directly start typing your query. Pressing {{{Alt-F}}} will also display the pr"+"evious search result. This way you can quickly display multiple tiddlers using \"Press {{{Alt-F}}}. S"+"elect tiddler.\" sequences.|\n|{{{ESC}}}|Closes the [[YourSearch Result]]. When the [[YourSearch Resul"+"t]] is already closed and the cursor is in the search input field the field's content is cleared so "+"you start a new query.|\n|{{{Alt-1}}}, {{{Alt-2}}},... |Pressing these keys opens the first, second e"+"tc. tiddler from the result list.|\n|{{{Alt-O}}}|Opens all found tiddlers.|\n|{{{Alt-P}}}|Toggles the "+"'Preview Text' mode.|\n|{{{Alt-'<'}}}, {{{Alt-'>'}}}|Displays the previous or next page in the [[Your"+"Search Result]].|\n|{{{Return}}}|When you have turned off the 'as you type' search mode pressing the "+"{{{Return}}} key actually starts the search (as does pressing the 'search' button).|\n\n//If some of t"+"hese shortcuts don't work for you check your browser if you have other extensions installed that alr"+"eady \"use\" these shortcuts.//";config.shadowTiddlers["YourSearch Options"]="|>|!YourSearch Options|\n|>|<<option chkUseYourSearch>> Use 'Your Search'|\n|!|<<option chkPreviewText"+">> Show Text Preview|\n|!|<<option chkSearchAsYouType>> 'Search As You Type' Mode (No RETURN required"+" to start search)|\n|!|Default Search Filter:<<option chkSearchInTitle>>Title ('!') <<option chk"+"SearchInText>>Text ('%') <<option chkSearchInTags>>Tags ('#') <<option chkSearchExtendedFiel"+"ds>>Extended Fields<html><br><font size=\"-2\">The fields of a tiddlers that are searched when you don"+"'t explicitly specify a filter in the search text <br>(Explictly specify fields using one or more '!"+"', '%', '#' or 'fieldname:' prefix before the word/text to find).</font></html>|\n|!|Number of items "+"on search result page: <<option txtItemsPerPage>>|\n|!|Number of items on search result page with pre"+"view text: <<option txtItemsPerPageWithPreview>>|\n";config.shadowTiddlers["YourSearchStyleSheet"]="/***\n!~YourSearchResult Stylesheet\n***/\n/*{{{*/\n.yourSearchResult {\n\tposition: absolute;\n\twidth: 800"+"px;\n\n\tpadding: 0.2em;\n\tlist-style: none;\n\tmargin: 0;\n\n\tbackground: #ffd;\n\tborder: 1px solid DarkGra"+"y;\n}\n\n/*}}}*/\n/***\n!!Summary Section\n***/\n/*{{{*/\n.yourSearchResult .summary {\n\tborder-bottom-width:"+" thin;\n\tborder-bottom-style: solid;\n\tborder-bottom-color: #999999;\n\tpadding-bottom: 4px;\n}\n\n.yourSea"+"rchRange, .yourSearchCount, .yourSearchQuery {\n\tfont-weight: bold;\n}\n\n.yourSearchResult .summary ."+"button {\n\tfont-size: 10px;\n\n\tpadding-left: 0.3em;\n\tpadding-right: 0.3em;\n}\n\n.yourSearchResult .summa"+"ry .chkBoxLabel {\n\tfont-size: 10px;\n\n\tpadding-right: 0.3em;\n}\n\n/*}}}*/\n/***\n!!Items Area\n***/\n/*{{{*"+"/\n.yourSearchResult .marked {\n\tbackground: none;\n\tfont-weight: bold;\n}\n\n.yourSearchItem {\n\tmargin-to"+"p: 2px;\n}\n\n.yourSearchNumber {\n\tcolor: #808080;\n}\n\n\n.yourSearchTags {\n\tcolor: #008000;\n}\n\n.yourSearc"+"hText {\n\tcolor: #808080;\n\tmargin-bottom: 6px;\n}\n\n/*}}}*/\n/***\n!!Footer\n***/\n/*{{{*/\n.yourSearchFoote"+"r {\n\tmargin-top: 8px;\n\tborder-top-width: thin;\n\tborder-top-style: solid;\n\tborder-top-color: #999999;"+"\n}\n\n.yourSearchFooter a:hover{\n\tbackground: none;\n\tcolor: none;\n}\n/*}}}*/\n/***\n!!Navigation Bar\n***/"+"\n/*{{{*/\n.yourSearchNaviBar a {\n\tfont-size: 16px;\n\tmargin-left: 4px;\n\tmargin-right: 4px;\n\tcolor: bla"+"ck;\n\ttext-decoration: underline;\n}\n\n.yourSearchNaviBar a:hover {\n\tbackground-color: none;\n}\n\n.yourSe"+"archNaviBar .prev {\n\tfont-weight: bold;\n\tcolor: blue;\n}\n\n.yourSearchNaviBar .currentPage {\n\tcolor: #"+"FF0000;\n\tfont-weight: bold;\n\ttext-decoration: none;\n}\n\n.yourSearchNaviBar .next {\n\tfont-weight: bold"+";\n\tcolor: blue;\n}\n/*}}}*/\n";config.shadowTiddlers["YourSearchResultTemplate"]="<!--\n{{{\n-->\n<span macro=\"yourSearch if found\">\n<!-- The Summary Header ============================"+"================ -->\n<table class=\"summary\" border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">"+"<tbody>\n <tr>\n\t<td align=\"left\">\n\t\tYourSearch Result <span class=\"yourSearchRange\" macro=\"yourSearc"+"h itemRange\"></span>\n\t\t of <span class=\"yourSearchCount\" macro=\"yourSearch count\"></span>\n"+"\t\tfor <span class=\"yourSearchQuery\" macro=\"yourSearch query\"></span>\n\t</td>\n\t<td class=\"yourSea"+"rchButtons\" align=\"right\">\n\t\t<span macro=\"yourSearch chkPreviewText\"></span><span class=\"chkBoxLabel"+"\">preview text</span>\n\t\t<span macro=\"yourSearch newTiddlerButton\"></span>\n\t\t<span macro=\"yourSearch openAllButton\"></span>\n\t\t<span macro=\"yourSearch lin"+"kButton 'YourSearch Options' options 'Configure YourSearch'\"></span>\n\t\t<span macro=\"yourSearch linkB"+"utton 'YourSearch Help' help 'Get help how to use YourSearch'\"></span>\n\t\t<span macro=\"yourSearch clo"+"seButton\"></span>\n\t</td>\n </tr>\n</tbody></table>\n\n<!-- The List of Found Tiddlers ================="+"=========================== -->\n<div id=\"yourSearchResultItems\" itemsPerPage=\"25\" itemsPerPageWithPr"+"eview=\"10\"></div>\n\n<!-- The Footer (with the Navigation) ==========================================="+"= -->\n<table class=\"yourSearchFooter\" border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"><tbody"+">\n <tr>\n\t<td align=\"left\">\n\t\tResult page: <span class=\"yourSearchNaviBar\" macro=\"yourSearch naviBar"+"\"></span>\n\t</td>\n\t<td align=\"right\"><span macro=\"yourSearch version\"></span>, <span macro=\"yourSearc"+"h copyright\"></span>\n\t</td>\n </tr>\n</tbody></table>\n<!-- end of the 'tiddlers found' case ========="+"================================== -->\n</span>\n\n\n<!-- The \"No tiddlers found\" case ================="+"========================== -->\n<span macro=\"yourSearch if not found\">\n<table class=\"summary\" border="+"\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"><tbody>\n <tr>\n\t<td align=\"left\">\n\t\tYourSearch Resu"+"lt: No tiddlers found for <span class=\"yourSearchQuery\" macro=\"yourSearch query\"></span>.\n\t</td>\n\t<t"+"d class=\"yourSearchButtons\" align=\"right\">\n\t\t<span macro=\"yourSearch newTiddlerButton\"></span>\n\t\t<span macro=\"yourSearch linkButton 'YourSearch Options'"+" options 'Configure YourSearch'\"></span>\n\t\t<span macro=\"yourSearch linkButton 'YourSearch Help' help"+" 'Get help how to use YourSearch'\"></span>\n\t\t<span macro=\"yourSearch closeButton\"></span>\n\t</td>\n <"+"/tr>\n</tbody></table>\n</span>\n\n\n<!--\n}}}\n-->\n";config.shadowTiddlers["YourSearchItemTemplate"]="<!--\n{{{\n-->\n<span class='yourSearchNumber' macro='foundTiddler number'></span>\n<span class='yourSea"+"rchTitle' macro='foundTiddler title'/></span> - \n<span class='yourSearchTags' macro='found"+"Tiddler field tags 50'/></span>\n<span macro=\"yourSearch if previewText\"><div class='yourSearchText' macro='fo"+"undTiddler field text 250'/></div></span>\n<!--\n}}}\n-->";config.shadowTiddlers["YourSearch"]="<<tiddler [[YourSearch Help]]>>";config.shadowTiddlers["YourSearch Result"]="The popup-like window displaying the result of a YourSearch query.";config.macros.search.handler=_158;var _20c=function(){if(config.macros.search.handler!=_158){alert("Message from YourSearchPlugin:\n\n\nAnother plugin has disabled the 'Your Search' features.\n\n\nYou may "+"disable the other plugin or change the load order of \nthe plugins (by changing the names of the tidd"+"lers)\nto enable the 'Your Search' features.");}};setTimeout(_20c,5000);abego.YourSearch.getStandardRankFunction=function(){return _100;};abego.YourSearch.getRankFunction=function(){return abego.YourSearch.getStandardRankFunction();};abego.YourSearch.getCurrentTiddler=function(){return _13d;};abego.YourSearch.closeResult=function(){_12b();};abego.YourSearch.getFoundTiddlers=function(){return _f3;};abego.YourSearch.getQuery=function(){return _f4;};abego.YourSearch.onShowResult=function(_20d){highlightHack=_f4?_f4.getMarkRegExp():null;if(!_20d){_13e.setItems(_f7());}if(!_125){_125=createTiddlyElement(document.body,"div",_122,"yourSearchResult");}else{if(_125.parentNode!=document.body){document.body.appendChild(_125);}}_147();highlightHack=null;};})();}
//%/
<html>
<object classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" codebase="http://fpdownload.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,0,0" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="300px" height="323px" id="InsertWidget_03e8543c-70cb-4e3e-929f-8e1edb5f2c5c" align="middle"><param name="movie" value="http://widgetserver.com/syndication/flash/wrapper/InsertWidget.swf"/><param name="quality" value="high" /><param name="wmode" value="transparent" /><param name="menu" value="false" /><param name="flashvars" value="r=2&appId=03e8543c-70cb-4e3e-929f-8e1edb5f2c5c" /><param name="allowScriptAccess" value="sameDomain" /> <embed src="http://widgetserver.com/syndication/flash/wrapper/InsertWidget.swf" name="InsertWidget_03e8543c-70cb-4e3e-929f-8e1edb5f2c5c" width="300px" height="323px" quality="high" menu="false" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" wmode="transparent" align="middle" allowScriptAccess="sameDomain" flashvars="r=2&appId=03e8543c-70cb-4e3e-929f-8e1edb5f2c5c" /></object>
</html>
/***
===============================================================================
Author : Dawn Ahukanna
Version : $Id: Macro_getPluginInfo.js 435 2007-01-04 20:49:17Z dahukanna $
===============================================================================
----
''Name:'' _GetPluginInfo
''Summary:'' <<getPlugin _GetPluginInfo summary>>
''Description:'' <<getPlugin _GetPluginInfo description>>
''Version:'' <<getPlugin _GetPluginInfo>>
''Date:'' <<getPlugin _GetPluginInfo date>>
''Author:'' <<getPlugin _GetPluginInfo author>>
''Source:'' <<getPlugin _GetPluginInfo code>>
''Documentation:'' <<getPlugin _GetPluginInfo doc>>
''License:'' [[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]
''Browsers:'' InternetExplorer 6.0, FireFox 1.5.x, FireFox 2.0.x
''~CoreVersion:'' <<getPlugin _GetPluginInfo coreVersion>>
----
!Code
***/
//{{{
version.extensions._GetPluginInfo= {major: 2, minor: 1, revision: 0, date: new Date("Jan 2, 2007"), code: "http://project.dahukanna.net/tiddlywiki/twextensions.htm#_GetPluginInfo", doc: "http://project.dahukanna.net/tiddlywiki/twextensions.htm#_GetPluginInfoDoc", author: "DawnAhukanna dawn[at]dahukanna[dot]net", summary: "_GetPluginInfo for TiddlyWiki version 2.1.3 or above.", description: "Displays the following information - version, date, source and author about plugins in this collection using the ''version.extensions.[pluginName]'' attributes. All other plugins use this macro to display plugin details.", coreVersion: "2.1.0"};
config.macros.getPlugin = {dateFormat: "DD MMM YYYY"}
config.macros.getPlugin.handler = function(place,macroName,params){
var pluginName = params[0]; //params[0]: pluginName (string) that matches with version.extensions.[pluginName] declaration.
var pluginAttributeName = params[1]; //params[1]: Plugin info to retrieve e.g "date". If not supplied then "version" is supplied by default.
var pluginAttribute="";
switch (pluginAttributeName){
case "author" :
pluginAttribute = version.extensions[pluginName][pluginAttributeName];
createTiddlyLink(createTiddlyElement(place,"span",null,null,null),pluginAttribute,true);
break;
case "code" :
case "doc" :
pluginAttribute = version.extensions[pluginName][pluginAttributeName];
createTiddlyElement(place,"span",null,null,pluginAttribute);
break;
case "date" :
pluginAttribute = version.extensions[pluginName][pluginAttributeName].formatString(this.dateFormat);
case "summary" :
case "description" :
case "coreVersion" :
if(pluginAttribute == ""){
pluginAttribute = version.extensions[pluginName][pluginAttributeName];
}
createTiddlyElement(place,"span",null,null,pluginAttribute);
break;
default ://Display plugin version attribute
pluginAttribute = version.extensions[pluginName].major + "." + version.extensions[pluginName].minor + "." + version.extensions[pluginName].revision;
createTiddlyElement(place,"span",null,null,pluginAttribute);
}
}
//}}}
//----
/***
===============================================================================
Author : Dawn Ahukanna
Version : $Id: Macro_listExtension.js 435 2007-01-04 20:49:17Z dahukanna $
===============================================================================
----
''Name:'' _ListMacroExtension
''Summary:'' <<getPlugin _ListMacroExtension summary>>
''Description:'' <<getPlugin _ListMacroExtension description>>
''Version:'' <<getPlugin _ListMacroExtension>>
''Date:'' <<getPlugin _ListMacroExtension date>>
''Author:'' <<getPlugin _ListMacroExtension author>>
''Source:'' <<getPlugin _ListMacroExtension code>>
''Documentation:'' <<getPlugin _ListMacroExtension doc>>
''License:'' [[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]
''Browsers:'' InternetExplorer 6.0, FireFox 1.5.x, FireFox 2.0.x
''~CoreVersion:'' <<getPlugin _ListMacroExtension coreVersion>>
----
!Code
***/
//{{{
version.extensions._ListMacroExtension= {major: 2, minor: 1, revision: 0, date: new Date("Jan 2, 2007"), code: "http://project.dahukanna.net/tiddlywiki/twextensions.htm#_ListMacroExtension", doc: "http://project.dahukanna.net/tiddlywiki/twextensions.htm#_ListMacroExtensionDoc", author:"DawnAhukanna dawn[at]dahukanna[dot]net", summary:"_ListMacroExtension for TiddlyWiki version 2.1.3 or above.", description: "Creates an ordered list, sorted by tiddler attribute, of tiddlers tagged with a specific tag.", coreVersion: "2.0.4"};
config.macros.list["tagged"] = {prompt: ""};
config.macros.list.tagged.handler = function(params){
/*
params[1]: tag (string)
params[2]: sortField (string) e.g "title". If not supplied then "title" is used by default.
*/
//This is displayed in the next call, URGH!!!!
//this.prompt = "Tagged with "+ params[1];
return getTiddlersByTag(params[1], params[2] );
}
function getTiddlersByTag (tag,sortField) {
var tagged = store.getTaggedTiddlers(tag,sortField); //Get all tiddlers with this tag.
return tagged;
}
//}}}
//----
!What it is
Pseudogout results from the abnormal formation of calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystals in the cartilage (cushioning material between the bones), which is later followed by the release of crystals into the joint fluid. When CPP crystals are released into the joint, they can cause a sudden attack of arthritis, similar to gout.
!Cause
The cause of abnormal deposits of CPP crystals in cartilage is unknown. They may form due to abnormal cells in the cartilage, or they may be produced as the result of another disease that damages cartilage.
Calcification can be due to infection, kidney or metabolic disorders, problems with blood vessels or simply aging. Overuse of supplements that increase calcium absorption into the blood, such as vitamin D, can cause hypercalcemia.
Researchers have not found any association between high dietary intakes of calcium and the calcification of most soft tissues.
!Calcium
1,000 mg per day between the ages of 19 to 50. People over 50 need about 1,200 mg per day. The recommended dose to prevent colon cancer is 1,800 mg per day. The tolerable upper intake level of calcium is about 2,500 mg per day.
!Research
http://www.asbmr.org/Publications/JBMR/default.aspx
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291523-4681
Low Fat Cheese (Mozzarella Nonfat) 100g = 961mg (95% DV)
!What it is
!Resources
http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0608h85
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12611557
----
.8mg of folic acid = 4 bags of kale
.5mg of b12 = 2 kilos of cheddar
10mg of b6 = 300 eggs
|!heading|!heading|!heading|!heading|
|[img[Lifestyles|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/wikis/images/lifestylesicon.png][http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk/]]|more text|text|more text|
|[[Lifestyles|http://www.healthwealthandmusic.co.uk]] - ''for salsa ([[Photos|http://picasaweb.google.com/keithsfotos]]), an [[Amazon shop|Amazon gifts for sale - shop direct from here]], [[World Music and Salsa|Amazon World Music and Sala]],
consumer news, TV and video clips, cartoons.''|he-bizness.co.uk]] - ''for salsa ([[Photos|http://picasaweb.google.com/keithsfotos]]), an [[Amazon shop|Amazon gifts for sale - shop direct from here]], |text|more text|
|>|colspan|
|rowspan|left align |
|~| center |
|bgcolor(green):green| right|
|footer|footer|f
//{{{
config.macros.saveRss = {};
config.macros.saveRss.handler = function(place)
{
if(!readOnly)
createTiddlyButton(place,'save rss','save rss',function(e){saveMultiRss();return false;});
}
window.getRssMarkers = function()
{
var s = [];
myregexp=/\|(?:.*?)\|(?:.*?)\|(.*?)\|(?:.*?)\|(.*?)\|/g;
while((m = myregexp.exec(store.getTiddlerText("MultiRssConfig"))) != null)
s.push("<link rel='alternate' type='application/rss+xml' title='%0' href='%1'>".format([m[1].trim(),m[2].trim()]));
return s.splice(1,s.length).join("\n");
}
updateMarkupBlock_old_multirss = window.updateMarkupBlock;
window.updateMarkupBlock = function (s,blockName,tiddlerName)
{
s = updateMarkupBlock_old_multirss.apply(this,arguments);
if (blockName == "PRE-HEAD")
s = lewcidRSSAddToMarkupBlock(s);
return s;
}
window.lewcidRSSAddToMarkupBlock = function (s)
{
var pos = s.indexOf("<!--PRE-HEAD-END-->");
return ( s.substring(0,pos).replace("<link rel='alternate' type='application/rss+xml' title='RSS' href='index.xml'>","") + "\n" + getRssMarkers() + "\n" + s.substring(pos) );
}
TiddlyWiki.prototype.rssgetTiddlers = function(field,includeTag,excludeTag)
{
var results = [];
this.forEachTiddler(function(title,tiddler)
{
if(excludeTag == undefined || excludeTag == '' || tiddler.tags.find(excludeTag) == null)
if(includeTag == undefined || includeTag == '' || tiddler.tags.find(includeTag)!=null)
results.push(tiddler);
});
if(field)
results.sort(function (a,b) {if(a[field] == b[field]) return(0); else return (a[field] < b[field]) ? -1 : +1; });
return results;
}
window.generateRss = function (tiddlers,title,subtitle)
{
var s = [];
var d = new Date();
var u = store.getTiddlerText("SiteUrl");
s.push("<" + "?xml version=\"1.0\"?" + ">");
s.push("<rss version=\"2.0\">");
s.push("<channel>");
s.push("<title" + ">" + ((title && title != '') ? wikifyPlain("SiteTitle").htmlEncode()+ " | "+ title: wikifyPlain("SiteTitle").htmlEncode()) + "</title" + ">");
if(u)
s.push("<link>" + u.htmlEncode() + "</link>");
s.push("<description>" + ((subtitle && subtitle != '')? subtitle : wikifyPlain("SiteSubtitle").htmlEncode()) + "</description>");
s.push("<language>en-us</language>");
s.push("<copyright>Copyright " + d.getFullYear() + " " + config.options.txtUserName.htmlEncode() + "</copyright>");
s.push("<pubDate>" + d.toGMTString() + "</pubDate>");
s.push("<lastBuildDate>" + d.toGMTString() + "</lastBuildDate>");
s.push("<docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>");
s.push("<generator>TiddlyWiki " + version.major + "." + version.minor + "." + version.revision + "</generator>");
if (!tiddlers)
var tiddlers = store.getTiddlers("modified","excludeLists");
var n = config.numRssItems > tiddlers.length ? 0 : tiddlers.length-config.numRssItems;
for (var t=tiddlers.length-1; t>=n; t--)
s.push(tiddlers[t].saveToRss(u));
s.push("</channel>");
s.push("</rss>");
return s.join("\n");
}
old_multiRss_saveChanges = window.saveChanges;
window.saveChanges = function(onlyIfDirty)
{
var rssStatus = config.options.chkGenerateAnRssFeed;
config.options.chkGenerateAnRssFeed = false;
old_multiRss_saveChanges.apply(this,arguments);
config.options.chkGenerateAnRssFeed = rssStatus;
if(config.options.chkGenerateAnRssFeed)
saveMultiRss();
}
window.saveMultiRss = function()
{
var rssIndex = store.getTiddlerText("MultiRssConfig").split("\n");
rssIndex = rssIndex.splice(1,rssIndex.length);
for (var i=0; i<rssIndex.length; i++)
{
var rss = rssIndex[i].split("|");
var localPath = getLocalPath(document.location.toString());
var rssPath = getRssPath(localPath)+ (rss[5].trim());
var rssSave = saveFile(rssPath,convertUnicodeToUTF8(generateRss(store.rssgetTiddlers("modified",rss[1].trim(),rss[2].trim()),rss[3].trim(),rss[4].trim())));
if(rssSave)
displayMessage(config.messages.rssSaved,"file://" + rssPath);
else
alert(config.messages.rssFailed);
}
}
window.getRssPath = function(str) {
var slash = (str.indexOf('/')!=-1)? '/':'\\';
return str.substring(0,str.lastIndexOf(slash) + 1);
}
config.shadowTiddlers.MultiRssConfig = "| !includeTag | !excludeTag | !title | !description | !filename |\n| rss | |rss only| this feed has rss tiddlers only | rss.xml |\n| lewcidExtension| |plugins| plugins only |plugins.xml|\n| | systemConfig| excludetest | everything but plugins | exclude.xml|";
//}}}
Type the text for 'news_article'
/***
|Name|PopupPreviewPlugin|
|Source|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#PopupPreviewPlugin|
|Version|1.0.0|
|Author|Eric Shulman - ELS Design Studios|
|License|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#LegalStatements <<br>>and [[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]|
|~CoreVersion|2.1|
|Type|plugin|
|Requires||
|Overrides||
|Description|popup a formatted preview of a linked tiddler's content|
This plugin adds a custom "shift-click" handler to all tiddler links (or images with tiddler links) to display a popup with a fully-formatted preview of the linked tiddler's content.
!!!!!Usage
<<<
When you click the mouse on a preview-enhanced tiddler link while holding the SHIFT key, a popup will be displayed, containing the fully-formatted content of the linked tiddler, in a restricted size, scrolling area. Note that, while you can //scroll// this preview display to //view// its contents, clicking anywhere (even within the preview popup) will automatically dismiss the popup display, making interaction with the preview content impossible. To actually interact with the content of a tiddler, you should open it in the normal fashion (i.e, by clicking the tiddler link //without// holding the SHIFT key).
<<<
!!!!!Configuration
<<<
<<option chkPopupPreviews>> enable shift-click popup previews
{{{usage: <<option chkPopupPreviews>>}}}
width of popup: <<option txtPopupPreviewWidth>> height of popup: <<option txtPopupPreviewHeight>>
//(width and height may be specified using any valid CSS units, e.g., "px", "em", "in", "cm", "%")//
{{{usage: <<option txtPopupPreviewWidth>> <<option txtPopupPreviewHeight>>}}}
<<<
!!!!!Installation
<<<
import (or copy/paste) the following tiddlers into your document:
[[PopupPreviewPlugin]]
<<<
!!!!!Revision History
<<<
''2007.11.19 [1.0.0]'' fixed handling for imageLinks ('tiddlylink' attrib is on the *parentNode* of target image element)
''2007.11.10 [0.5.0]'' alpha development - use with care
<<<
!!!!!Credits
<<<
This feature was developed by Eric Shulman
<<<
!!!!!Code
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.PopupPreview= {major: 1, minor: 0, revision: 0, date: new Date(2007,11,19)};
if (config.options.chkPopupPreviews==undefined) config.options.chkPopupPreviews=true;
if (config.options.txtPopupPreviewWidth==undefined) config.options.txtPopupPreviewWidth="50%";
if (config.options.txtPopupPreviewHeight==undefined) config.options.txtPopupPreviewHeight="10em";
window.popupPreview_createTiddlyLink=window.createTiddlyLink;
window.createTiddlyLink=function()
{
var btn=this.popupPreview_createTiddlyLink.apply(this,arguments);
btn.onclick_save=btn.onclick;
btn.onclick=function(e) {
if (!e) var e=window.event; var theTarget=resolveTarget(e);
if (!e.shiftKey || !config.options.chkPopupPreviews)
return this.onclick_save.apply(this,arguments); // perform normal click handling
else { // show tiddler preview if enabled and SHIFT is pressed
var tid=theTarget.getAttribute("tiddlylink");
if (!tid) tid=theTarget.parentNode.getAttribute("tiddlylink"); // for "imageLink" elements
var text=store.getTiddlerText(tid);
if (text && text.length) {
var popup = Popup.create(this);
popup.style.width=config.options.txtPopupPreviewWidth;
popup.style.padding=".5em";
var msg="%0 %1".format([tid,config.views.wikified.shadowModifier]);
var tiddler=store.getTiddler(tid); if (tiddler) msg=tiddler.getSubtitle();
wikify("@@display:block;font-size:80%;line-height:110%;"+msg+"@@",popup);
var div=createTiddlyElement(popup,"DIV",null,"popupPreview viewer");
div.style.overflow="auto";
div.style.whiteSpace="normal";
div.style[config.browser.isIE?'height':'maxHeight']=config.options.txtPopupPreviewHeight;
wikify(text,div);
Popup.show(popup,false);
}
e.cancelBubble=true; if (e.stopPropagation) e.stopPropagation(); return false;
}
}
return btn;
}
//}}}
!Dietary recommendations for an adult
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietary_Reference_Intake#Current_recommendations
----
Calories: 2550
----
Carbohydrates: 130g
Protein: 56g (46 females)
Fiber: 38 (25)
Fat 65g
----
http://www.yummly.com/
https://www.cooks.com/
[[British recipes]]
[[Snacks]]
[[Conversion tables]]
----
Type the text for 'statistics toRSS'
Even better, you can edit the existing styles by going to the 'More' tab and
selecting the 'Shadowed' tab. In that tab you Will see the StyleSheetLayout
and StyleSheetColors.
Source: [[Where *is* the stylesheet? - TiddlyWiki : Google Groups|http://groups.google.com/group/TiddlyWiki/browse_thread/thread/b29c68a3204aa583/de5f21b17af8c490?lnk=gst&q=how+to+add+scripts&rnum=11#]]
Type the text for 'systemConfig'
"The aim of life is self-development. To realize one's nature perfectly - that is what each of us is here for."
Source: [[Keith's Home Page - News, entertainment, salsa, politics and shopping|file:///F:/JSAS/http_root/www/wikis/princewiki213/homepage.html]]
<<tidIDE id:example "font:Courier New" size:8pt system +edit:GettingStarted>>
/***
<<viewHtml>>
<<viewAsJs>>
***/
//{{{
config.macros.viewHtml = {handler: function (place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
createTiddlyButton(place,"AsHtml","",function() {
var divs = document.getElementById("tiddler"+tiddler.title).getElementsByTagName("div");
for (var i=0;i<divs.length;i++)
if (divs[i].className == "viewer")
displayMessage(divs[i].innerHTML);
});
}};
String.prototype.escapeLineBreaks = function() {
// from Tiddler.prototype.escapeLineBreaks
return this.replace(regexpBackSlash,"\\s").replace(regexpNewLine,"\\n").replace(regexpCarriageReturn,"");
}
// this doesn't work right in IE..
setStylesheet("#messageArea {overflow:auto; max-height:95%;}","scrollDisplayAreaCSS");
config.macros.viewAsJs = {handler: function (place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
createTiddlyButton(place,"AsJs","",function() {
displayMessage('config.shadowTiddlers["' + tiddler.title + '"] = "' +
store.getTiddlerText(tiddler.title).escapeLineBreaks().replace(/"/g,'\\"') + '";');
});
}};
//}}}
config.macros.wikipedia = {};
config.macros.wikipedia.handler= function(place,macroName,params)
{
var key=params[0];
wikify("[["+key+"|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"+key+"]]",place)
}